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blake_r}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2004\mo10\dy21\hr11\min20}{\revtim\yr2004\mo10\dy21\hr11\min26}{\version4}{\edmins5}{\nofpages2}{\nofwords517}{\nofchars2947}{\*\company USP} {\nofcharsws3458}{\vern16389}}\paperw11904\paperh16834\margl1440\margr1440 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\subfontbysize\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984 \dghshow0\dgvshow3\jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot15149435 \fet0\sectd \linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI \par }{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 Appellate Jurisdiction \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2457365 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 6 OF 1978}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 ABDUL HAFEEZ RASHEED \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 s/o Abdul Rasheed \par Appellant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 v. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 REGINAM \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 The appellant was on the 9th December 1977 convicted of the offence o\'a3 Careless Driving contrary to sections 37}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 and 85 of the Traffic Ordinance by the Magistrates Court Suva and was fined $25 in default one month}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 s imprisonment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par The petition does not indicate whether the appellant appeals against conviction and/or sentence. It can only be assumed from the grounds of appeal that the appellant appeals against conviction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par The petition was presented by the appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 s own legal firm A.H. Rasheed & Co., and leaves much to be desired as to the form and contents thereof. The alleged particulars of offence for example are stated in the following manner:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 Particulars of Offence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 That your Petitioner on the 29th September, 1976 at Suva in the Central Division drove a private motor vehicle on Ratu Mara Road without due care and attention and fined $25 in default one month imprisonment.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 Originally there was only one ground of appeal: \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 The trial Magistrate erred in law and in fact when he held that there was overwhelming evidence against your Petitioner and applied the wrong test when he stated that your Petitioner was following the complainant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 s car thereby misleading himself and thus there was miscarriage of justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 " \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par At the hearing an additional ground was raised after due notice with leave of the Court. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 That the learned Magistrate erred in law in not exercising his discretion judicially under}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 Section 136 q\'a3 the Penal Cede o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 n so far as not to allow the prosecution or the defence Counsel to cross-examine Sergeant 340 after he was re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 called by the Court and whereby there was a miscarriage of justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 This was amended after the Court pointed out that section 136 of the Penal Code had been repealed in 1969 to read section 136 of the Criminal Procedure Code.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 Mr. Patel for the appellant was unable to point out where the learned Magistrate had erred in law for the simple reason that no law was involved in the appeal. The first ground of appeal referred only to findings of fact by the learned Magistrate.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 The authorities are so clear that this Court cannot upset findings of fact properly found by the Magistrate that it is no, necessary to refer to such authorities. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 As the learned Magistrate correctly stated in his judgment the case against the appellant was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 quite over}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 whelming}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 . He found as a fa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 c}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 t that the appellant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 did not keep a sufficient lookout, did not leave sufficient space between himself and the vehicle in front and did not react sufficiently quickly when the said vehicle in front either slowed down almost to a stop or }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 st}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 opped altogether.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 The facts found by the learned trial Magistrate fully justified the conviction and the first ground of appeal fails.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 There is no merit in the second ground of appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 The Magistrate recalled one prosecution witness and asked him one question:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 Do you recall 2 D.W. telling you that he had been a passenger in the taxi?}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par To which question the w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 itness stated: \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 I cannot remember.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 The appellant was represented at the trial by counsel who had the right to further cross-examine the witness after he was recalled but did not do so obviously because}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 of the negative nature of the witness}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 s answer. There was no miscarriage of justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 The appeal is dismissed. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 R.G. Kermode \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4153628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4153628\charrsid4153628 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6772592\charrsid4153628 Suva, \par 10th March, 1978 \par }}