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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 The appellant, who is on bail, appeals against }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563 
his conviction by Suva Magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  Court on the 3rd October 1977 of conspiracy to pervert the course of justice, contrary}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 to section 123(}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
) of the Penal Code; the material particulars of offence being that on the 16th June 197}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  in his capacity}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563  as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 Assistant Principal of Lami High School he conspired}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 together with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6127563 M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
osese Uluinavitilevu to pervert the course of justice by calling on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  two students of the school to w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
rite letters retracting statements earlier given to the police.
\par 
\par The essential ingredient of conspiracy }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2955115 is one common design. To quote B}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 rett, J}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2955115 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid9713643  in}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2955115  R. v. }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid9713643 As}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2955115\charrsid9713643 p}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid9713643 inall}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid9713643  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 (18}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2955115\charrsid5596157 76) 2 Q.B.D}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 48 at 58:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157  "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 \'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 the crime of conspiracy is}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
completely committed, if it is committed at all, the moment two or more have agreed that they will do, at once or at some future time, certain things. It is not necessary in order to complete the offence that any one thing should be done beyond the agreem
ent. The conspirators may repent and stop, or may have no opportunity, or }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 may be prevented, or may fail. N}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
evertheless the crime is complete; it was completed when they agreed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par 
\par Yet in many cases}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  there are no means of proving d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 irectly that the parties did come togeth}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 r and actually}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 gree in terms to have a common unlawful design and to pursue }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785 it }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 by common means; and neither law nor common sense requires }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 uch proof}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid4680824 (}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid9713643 Reg.}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid9713643 v. M}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid9713643 urph}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid9713643 y & Anor.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 (1837)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 173 E.R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid868947  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 502 at 508}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid5596157 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 As Erle J. pointed out in }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4613274 Reg. v. Duffield &}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid9713643  Ors}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157 . (18}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid5596157 51)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid5596157  5 Cox C.C. 404 at 434}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 : }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 \'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid12332555 it}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
 does not happen once in a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 thousand times, when the offence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 of conspiracy is tried, that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 anybody comes before the jury to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 say - }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 I was present at the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ime when these parties did conspire together, a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3146864 nd when they ag}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 reed to carry out their unlawful purposes}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  In the absence direct evidence, a conspiracy can be inferred from the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
conduct of the parties alleged}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  to have conspired, from their }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 subseq}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 uent overt acts, and from other relevant circumstantial }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
vidence incompatible with their innocence and incapable of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 xplanation upon any other reasonable hypothesis than that}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 f their guilt (W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
ills On Circumstantial Evidence, 7th Edition, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 p.19). H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 owever a mere}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
 aggregation of separate facts}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1603334 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
all of which are inconclusive in that they are as consistent with innocence as with guilt, have no probative force.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par The relevant facts of the instant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055  case as found by the trial Mag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 istrate are as follows}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9713643\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (a) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 On the 16th June 1976}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 , the Principal of Lami High School M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13507291 osese}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055  Uluinavitilevu (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 hereinafter referred to as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
osese), was interdicted because of allegations of impro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 per conduct on his part with tw}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
o male pupils (the first and second prosecution witnesses).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10963055 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123 (b)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
Shortly thereafter M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese approached the appellant,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055  the Vice Principal of Lami H}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 igh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
 School and from the time of the interdiction of Mosese effectively the Acting Principal, with a view to speaking to the two pupils.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10963055 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (c) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 Later the same morning Mosese did speak to the two pupi
ls in a room at the school and, in effect, asked each of them to write a letter retracting a statement he had made to the police in which he complained of the improper conduct of Mosese. The appellant was present but said nothing whatsoever to the pupils.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10963055 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (d) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 M}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese first spoke to the second prosecution witness, and after he had left the room the f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227 irst prosecution wit}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ness was called in.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10963055 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10963055\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (e) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 At som}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227 e stage, a teacher at Lami High School w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ho was also a special constable (the third prosecution witne}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227 ss), entered the room and told M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese that the pupil in questi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227 
on was a witness and if they w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ere trying to intimidate him it was a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5142583 n offence.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227  (Although the trial M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 agistrate made no specific finding on the point, the intervention by the third prosecution witness appear
s to have occurred shortly before the second prosecution witness left the room and before the first prosecution witness was called in, although the second prosecution witness stated in evidence that nob}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9187227 ody came into the room while M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese was talking to him).
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (f) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 On the following day th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11338025 e appellant was interviewed by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 an Assistant Superintendent of Police in connection with a police investigation in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123 to the complaints made against M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese of his improper conduct with the two pupils, during the course of which th
e appellant did not tell the truth in that he cl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123 aimed that on the previous day M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
osese had not spoken to the two pupils in his presence but that he the appellant had asked them what their police statements contained.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9971123 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 (g) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 At his trial the appellant was not 
frank in that he denied tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123 t there was any suggestion by Mosese in his presence and hear}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ing that the pupils }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9971123 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 rite letters retracting their police statements, claimed not to have known at that time that the pupils had made police state}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid152785 ments, and denied that the third}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  prosecution witness, when he entered the room in which the pupils were being intervie}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4615079 wed, had given any w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 arning about interfering with witnesses.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par It was necessary also for the trial Magistrate to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091 gi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ve c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091 onsideration to the 
appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091 s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 uncontested evidence }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091 that it w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 as the appellant w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ho had reported the allegations}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 against M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese to the Permanent Secretary for Education in }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 he first place, whi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 ch led to the interdiction of M}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13238807 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 he 16th }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13238807 of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 June; and that the appellant in his capacity as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 Acting Principa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 l of Lami High School had insisted on being }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 present when M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
osese spoke to t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 he two pupils, apparently to protect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  them}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5470729 from any form of undue pressur}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 e.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 The question for the trial M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 agistrate was whether }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid728588 an }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 irresistible conclusion could be drawn from the facts }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
hich allowed of no other reasona}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 ble hypothesis than that when M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese asked the students to write letters retracting}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 heir police statements he was acting in concert with the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2719091  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 appellant in pursuance of a criminal purpose held in common betw}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 
een them, so that the acts of M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese became the acts of both.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 Although in his judgment the trial Magistrate initially directed himself correctly on the ingredients of conspiracy, a subsequent and quite substantial portion of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 his judgment was taken up with an irrelevant discussion as to whether or not the appellant was aiding and abetting Mos}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10172618 ese. The trial Magistrate may ha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ve been led into this}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10172618  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 digression by prosecuting counsel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 s reference in h
is closing submissions to section }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4418245 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 1 of the penal Code, which has no bearing on the matter.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 Thereafter t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 he trial M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 agistrate stated:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid29162 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 t is particularly important to not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 e that although P.W.3 told Mosese and [t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 he appellant] not to interfere with witness}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 es the meeting continued and P.W.1 w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 as later}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162  called in notwithstanding P.W.3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 s warning.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  At that sta}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 ge, if not before, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4468401  appellant] w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 
as well aware of w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 hat could, or wo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 uld be the legal consequences of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  asking each boy to retract yet he did not intervene and cry halt. This failure to do so can indicate only either one of two things:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid29162 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 (a) He had previously agreed to what was being done or}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid29162 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5596157 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 (b)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid29162 H}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 e, at a certain stage, decided to condone}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
it and joined in so as to confirm a conspiracy towards that end.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 How}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ever the trial Magistrate did not proceed to make a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  fi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid12332555 nding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  as to whether the appellant had previously agreed to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 
wh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 at was being done, or whether at a later stage he joined }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 in }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 so as to confirm the conspiracy; and where there is no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid12332555 
irect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  evidence of an agreement to do an unlawful act and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 it }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 has to be deduced from subsequent overt acts of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
ccused, it is not enough for a certain set of circumstances }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 erely to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 indicate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  or suggest a conspiracy.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13002223 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 At the conclusion of his judg}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ment the trial}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 Magistrate mad}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 e only three specific findings:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid401483 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11040558\charrsid11040558 (a) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid11040558 [}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 The appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid11040558 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  materially assisted M}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 in calling on two students to retract}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 statements made to the police.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13002223 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid12332555 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid401483 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401483\charrsid401483 (b) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid401483 [}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 The appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid401483 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  told lies}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223  in relation to the conduct of Mosese}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  in so calling on the stu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 
dents (i.e. the role played by M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 osese) and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13002223 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid401483 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401483\charrsid401483 (c) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223\charrsid401483 [}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 T}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 he appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid401483 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 was aware that the conducting of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  a meeting for the pu}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 rpose}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555  o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13002223 f calling on the students to retract was unlaw}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 ful.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par It may be that the unfortunate introduction into the case }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4853641 of propositions pertinent to an }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
offence of aiding and abetting gave rise to some confusion and led to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4853641  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 trial Magistrate}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 s finding that the appellant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 materially assisted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
 Mosese. Be that as it may, there was no evidence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12155781 to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 justify such a finding.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 As to the f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9127524\charrsid6891122 ding that }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 the appellant was awa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9127524\charrsid6891122 re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 
 that conducting a meeting for the purpose of ca}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 lling on t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 he stud}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 nts to retract was unlawful, what}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  the trial }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 Magistrate had to decide}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  was not }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 
whether the appell}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 ant was aware that it was unlawful, ignorance of the criminal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122  law being}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  no}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122  defence, but whether in attendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 
 the meeting }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6891122 he was }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 acting in concert with M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 
osese in pursuance of a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6891122 common }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 design to call on the students to retract their }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 police statements.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 In the pa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 rticular circumstances of this case I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 am n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 ot satisfied that the trial Mag}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 istrate properly directed h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 imself as to the inferences to b}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 e drawn from the proven fac}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 ts }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 
and I do not consider that it would be safe for the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 conviction to stand.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  This is not intended as}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122  a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  criticism, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 
for as Lord Hewart C.J. has pointed out, conspira}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 cy is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157\charrsid6891122 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15543027\charrsid6891122 a difficult branch of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  law, difficult in itself, and sometimes even more di}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 fficult in its applicat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 ion to particular facts or allegations}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5596157\charrsid6891122 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122  (}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 R. v. M}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618\charrsid6891122 eyrick & }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid6891122 Ribuffi}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid6891122 (1929}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2709298 )}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid4145802  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2709298 21 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618\charrsid2709298 Cr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6891122  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618\charrsid2709298 App}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2709298 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6891122  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618\charrsid2709298 R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid2709298  94 at 99).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618 The conviction is q}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 uashed and the sentence set}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12149618  aside.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid401483 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445\charrsid868947 (Clifford H. Grant)
\par Chief Justice
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16331445 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12332555 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 Suva,
\par 27th January }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 7}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16331445 8.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4525176\charrsid12332555 
\par }}