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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 (WESTERN DIVISION)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 AT LAUTOKA}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7304383 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7304383 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 APPELLATE JURISDICTION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7304383\charrsid10112328 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328\charrsid7304383 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7304383 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid10112328 Criminal Appeal No. 32 of 1978 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7365686 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid11345377 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12614522 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 BETWEEN \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7365686 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12614522 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 MOHAMMED SHAMEEN \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 s/o Mohammed Munif \par Appellant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7365686 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12614522 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 AND \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13321086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12614522 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 REGINA \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7365686 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 \par Mr. S.R. Shankar, Counsel for the Appellant \par Mr. D. Williams, Counsel for the Respondent \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12614522 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522\charrsid12614522 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12614522 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10422011 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011\charrsid10422011 The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 appellant was on the 27th day of February 1978 convicted of careless driving and fined $40.00 and his licence was endorsed. \par \par He appeals on the ground that the proceedings were a nullity because they were instituted under S.81 C.P.C which can be adopted for }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475085 offences punishable by fine and/}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 or imprisonment for not more than 3 months, but on a conviction for careless driving the defendant may be disqualified from driving. \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11955988 The appe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid202432 llant argues that disqualification from driving cannot possibly be embraced by a provision which allows for a fine or disqualification.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10422011 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid202432 \par S.81 C.P.C reads as follows:- \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid202432 81.(1) Not withstanding the other requirements of this Code, it shall be lawful for any police officer to institute proceedings by and to serve personally upon any person who is reasonably suspected of having committed any offence to which this section applies a notice in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 the prescribed form requiring su}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid202432 ch person to attend court in answer to the charge stated thereon at such place and on such date and time (not being less than ten days from the date of such service) as shown on such notice or to appear by barrister and solicitor or to enter a written plea of guilty:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9134533 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9134533 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 Provided that such notice shall be served not later than fourteen days from the date upon which the offence is alleged to have been committed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid202432 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 (2) A notice served in accordance with the provisions of the last preceding sub}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12203686 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 ection shall for all purposes be regarded as a summons issued under the provision of this code and, in the event of a person upon whom such a notice has been served fail ing to comply with the requirements of the notice, a warrant for the arrest of such person may be issued notwithstanding that no complaint has been made on oath. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841488 (3) A copy of such notice shall be signed by the police officer preferring the charge and sha ll be placed before the court by which the charge is to be heard at least seven days before that time fixed for such hearing.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14354297 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841488 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841488 (4) This section shall apply to all offences punishable by fine or by imprisonment with or without a fine, for a term not exceeding three months. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10112328 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841488 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid202432 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10582610 (5) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prevent the institution of proceedings }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9134533 under the other provisions of this Code.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841488 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid141189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid141189 \par The offence of which the appellant was convi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid622428 cted is in addition to fine and/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid141189 or imprisonment punishable by hav ing his licence endorsed and by disqualification. Subsection (4) of S.81 unfortunately limits the use}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid622428 of the procedure set out in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid141189 subsection (1) to offences punishable by fine or imprisonment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 . It is silent about offences carrying such punishments as disqua lification from driving and it is beyond the powers of the judiciary to include them. The C.P.C is a penal statute and its provisions must be construed strictly and not against H.M. subjects.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid141189 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 \par I accordingly follow the views expressed by Sir C.H. Grant, Chief Justice, in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432\charrsid622428 The }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432\charrsid9776877 D.P.P. v Bissun Prasad}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 in Cr.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid622428 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 App. 10/74 delivered on 10/2/74 that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid622428 this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9776877 a fundamental er}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9316839 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9776877 or which goes to jurisdiction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9316839 The section limits the offences for which this procedure can be adopted to those set out in subsection (4) and the courts are not empowered to entertain the use of that procedure for any other category of offences.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7432 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9316839 \par I upheld the appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9316839 s contention that the proceedings in the Magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10112328 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9316839 s Court were a nullity. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3351246 \par The conviction is quashed and the sentence is set aside. The fine, if paid, shall be refunded. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1446403 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid814128 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1446403\charrsid814128 (}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid622428 Sgd.) J.T. Williams}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7365686\charrsid814128 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128\charrsid814128 JUDGE}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid814128 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128 LAUTOKA, \par 16th June, 1978. \par \par Messrs. G.P. Shankar & Co., for the Appellant \par Director of Public Prosecutions for the Respondent \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid622428 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128 Date of Hearing: 2nd day of June, 1978}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8204966 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814128\charrsid814128 \par }}