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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14766650 
IN THE SUPR}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14766650 EME COURT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14766650\charrsid14766650  OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14766650\charrsid14766650 (WESTERN DIVISION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14766650 )}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14766650 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14222017 AT LAUTOKA
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966\charrsid14222017 CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1406941\charrsid14222017 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14766650 Action No. 45 of 1977
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14766650 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 BETWEEN}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 MUNSAMI NAIDU}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14222017  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14222017 s/o Changappa Naidu
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 ND}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 IBRAHIM}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14222017  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14222017 s/o Kammu Kutty
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1406941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14373449 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14373449 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 Mr. S. Matawalu, Counsel for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. S.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 M. Koya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 , Coun}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237 
sel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  for the Defendant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid14373449 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8524237 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8524237\charrsid8524237 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid8524237 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14373449 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10698128 The plaintiff and defendant a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 re cane farmers near Nadi Airport }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128 and th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 ey hel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10698128 d their farms}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128  until 1973 from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128  the C.S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10698128 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 R. and thereafter from the N.L}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128 .T.B.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10698128 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 It is not disputed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128  that the plaintiff has}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 
 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15352491 hitherto pass}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128 ed ove}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 r a road on the defendant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 s land}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882\charrsid10698128 in order to travel between his farm}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid10698128  and the public road.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10698128 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 In his pleadings the pl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5471287 aintiff identifies}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 
 his cane farm by reference to a sugar cane}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  contract namely No. 9687 made with the C.S.R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882  who let him into possession and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882  similarly describes the defend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 ant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 s lease by referenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 e to c}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 e contr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 act }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 No. 9697. He alleges in para }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 3 of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 his statement of Claim tha}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 t he has used the road a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5991771 cross the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5991771 s land far}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882  more than 20 years; that the defendant has rece}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 
ntly fenced off the road }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 and prevented the plaintiff from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  gaining access to }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 part of his land which he had pr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 epare}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  for planting cane }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5991771 d ri}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 ce. Consequently he claims to have suffered damage}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  equal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8089882 
 to the net value of the crops he could have grown.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 The defendant adm}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 itted the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3491931\charrsid14373449 plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3491931\charrsid14373449 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  use of the road but stated}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814  that the plaintiff was permitted to use it only with the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 
s express permission. He also admits blocking}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 s access to the road but }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 alleges that it give}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 
s rise to no ca}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 use }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 of action in the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 cause the defendant personal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 ly built the road at his own expense }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12942187 and the p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 laintiff simply had a revoc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 able licence}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449  to pass along it. He}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814  pleads that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9449996 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 he user was not in the nature of an easement, that there is no presumed grant and anyw}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 ay}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 
 the defendant had no authority to grant an easement over the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16478264 land he occupied because he did not own it and cannot bind his landlord by the purported grant of an easement over the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 latter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 s land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449\charrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 The two pieces of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1971  land were admittedly carved out}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 
 of a large lease which was held by the Colonial Sugar Refining Company from the N.L.T.B}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814  for a pe}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1971 riod of 30 years commencing on 1st }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 January, 1953}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1971 . The large C.S.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1971 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 
 lease was registered on 21/9/62 as Native Lease No. 11273 and measures over 1150 acres. The C.S.R. no longer operates but its functions in purchasing cane from farmers and crushing it are carried on by the F.S.C.
\par 
\par The Plaintiff said in evidence that the C.S.R}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238 . had leased the land to him as long ago as 1957 that the road was then in existence and the C.S.R. permitted him to use it.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11363814 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238\charrsid9393855 During cross-examination of the plaintiff, Mr. Koya, for the defendant, introduced a plan Ex.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238\charrsid9393855 D2 and he also referred to Ex. P3 which is the cane contract between the plaintiff and the C.S.R. The agreement Ex. P.3 is a standard printed form of cane contrac
t which was arranged between the C.S.R. and cane growers and bears the contract No. 9687. It grants a right of occupation to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11821016 a cane grower of a delineated acreage}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238\charrsid9393855  with identifiable boundaries as is illustrate by the various plans submitted during the trial. The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2831988\charrsid9393855 
occupier agrees to farm the area described in his cane contract and produce, as far as possible, an agreed tonnage of cane. Where almost 1200 acres are carved up in this way, in leases of about 10 acres, it is difficult to avoid having farms in the c
entre which are surrounded by other farms and it is essential that the farmers be able to gain access to public roads even if this means crossing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6030198 
over surrounding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10767098\charrsid9393855  farms. Such means of access was secured by the C.S.R. inserting into }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 the cane contracts the clause 4}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10767098\charrsid9393855 (d) which requires each farmer to permit his neighbours to cross over his land where it is necessary for them to do so in order to farm their land and fulfil thei}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12978091 r cane contracts }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10767098\charrsid9393855 with the C.S.R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2568238 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2831988 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 P.W.3 works for the F.S.C., the national sugar manufa
cturing company, which is the successor to the C.S.R. He says that he has lived in the area since 1947 when the area in question was a pineapple farm and that the disputed road was in existence then. I have no hesitation in believing him and he added that
 the road was in existence when the defendant was allocated his farm area.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2831988 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 
\par For some reason the defendant did not give evidence and Mr. Koya called defence witnesses to show that it would be possible for the plaintiff to reach his land without passing along the road over the defendant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 s land. However, since he occupies one of the internal farms it is apparent that he would have to pass over someone}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 s land to gain access to the public road.
\par 
\par In 1973 the C.S.R. surrendered its head lease to the N.L.T.B. but the parties herein and other farmers who held as sub-tenants from the C.S.R. are still in occupation of the farms allocated to them.
\par 
\par At present a temporary injunction exists in the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938 pla}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 intiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 s favour enabling him to cross over the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 s land and on hi
s affidavit in support thereof the plain}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12978091 tiff drew attention to clause 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 (d) of the standard contract between growers and the C.S.R.
\par 
\par During cross-examination Mr. Koya asked the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938  if }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12978091 he was relying upon clause 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938 
(d) and he put it to the plaintiff that in the past the defendant was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12978091  simply complying with clause 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938 
(d) in allowing the plaintiff to cross his farm. The plaintiff simply said it was his (the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938 
s) road. When asked if he claimed it by reason of user or as a way of necessi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1382066 ty he simply replied that he had}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938  to have a way over the defendant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10116938 s farm. He agreed that he had lodged no caveat in support of a claim to a right of way.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 

\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid8011612 The plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid8011612 s interests in the land i.e.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12978091  whether it is a lease or licenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid8011612 
e is difficult to assess on the evidence and on the pleadings. However, Ex. P2, which was put in by consent, is a letter from the C.S.R. to the plaintiff notifying him that as from 1973 they will have surrendered their lease to the N.L.T.B. Ex. P2 describ
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7556169 es the plaintiff as a sub-tenan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid8011612 
t holding from the principle tenant, the C.S.R., and informs him that following the surrender he will become the direct tenant of the N.L.T.B. No exception was taken to this by the defence and they did not challenge th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612 e accura
cy of that letter. The plaintiff and many of the neighbouring farmers appear to be uncertain as to whether their status has been affected by the said surrender. The defendant took some positive action to clarify his position. Ex. D4, is an order which }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10619011 he obtained from the Agricultural}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612  Tenancy Tribunal. It declares that Ibrahim s/o Kamma Kutti, the def}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10177188 endant herein, is an agricultural}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612 
 tenant and entitled to the protection of the A.L.T.O. and it orders the N.L.T.B. to continue his tenancy under the A.L.T.O. I
t reveals that the defendant claimed that he had been paying rent to the C.S.R. although his cane contract with the C.S.R. did not reveal this. The Tribunal obviously believed the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612 s claim to have been paying ren}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15804465 t to the C.S.R. and regarded him}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612  as a sub-tenant of the C.S.R.}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 D.W.1, the secretary of the N.L.T.B., said in evidence that the defendant has no greater right to a tenancy from the N.L.T.B. then the plaintiff or other persons and that it is the Board}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 s intention to grant leases to them all. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8808747 Although D.W.1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8808747 s reference to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 
 rights of the farmers such as the plaintiff and defendant may only be his opinion as to the legal position it demonstrates their landlord}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 
s attitude.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8011612 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 
\par D.W.4, had a farm from the C.S.R. on the same leasehold area. She (D.W.4) says she had no cane contract and only grow rice. She described the C.S.R. as her land lord.
\par 
\par The evidence from both parties points to the persons who held from the C.S.R. on the 1200 acre leasehold as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558  being sub-tenants. Apparently it is only a matter 
of time before the N.L.T.B. confirm the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558 
s status, and that of all the other farmers, as tenants holding directly from the Board instead of holding from the C.S.R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15804465  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558 as sub-tenants.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576081 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558 
\par I find that the road in question on the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2363702 s land}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4808076  was not build by the defendant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558 
 but by the C.S.R and that it was in existence before the parties occupied their respective farms and that the plaintiff and other farmers were lawfully entitled to use it by virtue of the mutual covenants in their respective
 leases. It is obvious when an area of almost 1200 acres is divided into farms of 10 to 20 acres that the internal farms must have an outlet over the farms which surrounds them. Clearly the C.S.R. when leasi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4808076 ng the numerous farms provided for this}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558  contingency by the introduction of a mutual covenant between the }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2233720 farmers in the form of clause 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558 (d) into their cane contracts.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558\charrsid7740253 The e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121 xistence and effect of clause 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558\charrsid7740253 
(d) has not been pleaded by the plaintiff but I think that I am entitled to consider its effect because there is evidence of its existence and the defendant made reference to it}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid7740253 
 in cross}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid7740253 -examination of the plaintiff. The C.S.R. was in a position to ensure 
its observance. It is noteworthy that it was not until after the C.S.R. had surrendered their 1200 acre lease to the N.L.T.B }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid7740253 that the defendant began to block the plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid7740253 s way across the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121 s farm.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid7740253 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\highlight4\langnp2057\insrsid7740253 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid16076533 The plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740253\charrsid16076533 s case has been badly pleaded, ba
dly prepared and badly presented but I do not think he should suffer by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8520534\charrsid16076533 reason of the failings of his legal advices.
\par 
\par The N.L.T.B }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 could, on surrender of the land by t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8520534\charrsid16076533 he C.S.R., only take it as they}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533  found it. That is to say the Board has to accept such tenants as were on it and to concur }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 in }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 the conditions and obligations contained in the tenancy agreements. The plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 s tenancy was not extinguished by the surrender and until such time as it is ter
minated he continues to enjoy it under the original terms and conditions. As far as the defendant is concerned he }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 has not, in my view, obtained a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11871582  new lease but simply an extens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 ion of his old}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 
 lease by the order of the Agri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 culture Tribunal in Ex. D4. He cannot say that he was not aware of the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 s right to cross his farm. It was one of the conditions on which he was granted a farm by the C.S.R. The road was on his land long before he fir}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 st went to it in 1953. H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 e cannot contend that because the revers}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11871582 ions of the sub-leases have beco}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533 me vested in the owner (N.L.T.B) the mutual covenants for right of way have been extinguished. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 It would have been different had}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533  the N.L.T.B lawfully assumed possession of the land at the same time}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15146143\charrsid16076533  I fail to see how}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533  it has bec
ome necessary for the plaintiff to register a right to cross over the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 
s land in order to preserve it against the defendant simply because there has been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533  a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 
change in the common immediate landlord. It is apparent from }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 the evidence that the d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 efenda
nt himself has not yet got a registered lease; his lease is being processed. In the circumstances it would be difficult for the plaintiff to register his easement against a lease which does not yet appear on the Register.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2038558\charrsid16076533 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 
\par The plaintiff succeeds on his claim to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533\charrsid16076533 right of way over the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 s land which he has hitherto enjoyed.
\par 
\par Turning now to the claim for damages this was not supported by the evidence. It was referred to by the plaintiff in a very vague and unsatisfactory fashion. I am not satisfied
 on his evidence that he has suffered any loss. His claim for damages is dismissed but his claim to the right of way he has hitherto enjoyed over the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 s land}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121  succeeds.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 
\par 
\par The defendant will pay the plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073285 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid16076533 s costs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1911897\charrsid14373449 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9775521 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1520088\charrsid9775521 (Sgd.) J}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 . T. WILLIAMS}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid9775521 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16652966 JUDGE}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521\charrsid9775521 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14373449 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12663357\charrsid9775521 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521 LAUTOKA,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373449 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521 22}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16076533 nd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521\charrsid9514121  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521 September, 1978.

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307393 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121 Messrs. S. Matawalu & Co, Counsel for the Plaintiff
\par Messrs Koya & Co., Counsel for the Defendant.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16652966 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521 Date of Hearing: 24}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307393 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521  April, 1978 &}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9514121  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521 11}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307393 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521  August, 1978.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9775521\charrsid14373449 
\par }}