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{\title IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\author blake_r}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2004\mo10\dy20\hr11\min13}{\revtim\yr2004\mo10\dy20\hr11\min13}{\version2}{\edmins6}{\nofpages2}{\nofwords761}{\nofchars4343}{\*\company  }{\nofcharsws5094}{\vern16389}}
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 
\f2\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 ACTION NO. 228 OF 1977
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 Between:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 TANIELA VEITATA
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 1st Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 SUPERVISOR OF ELECTION}{
\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 '}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 S
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 2nd Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 This is an action begun by Originating Summons seeking determination of the construction of section}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
33(1)(d) of the Fiji Constitution and whether on the facts the plaintiff was qualified to be elected as a member of the House of Representatives at the forthcoming general elections. There is no dispute as to the facts alleged in the plaintiff}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 s affidavit filed in support.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
The plaintiff was duly nominated as a candidate for the Kadavu Tamavua and Suva Suburban Fijian Communal Constituency and his name appeared with other candidates in the Fiji Royal Gazette dated Friday the 12th August 1977.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
On the 6th August 1977 the plaintiff was convicted by the Magistrates Court Suva of four offences under the Trade Disputes Act and sentenced to six months}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389  imprisonment in respect of each offence the sentences to be served concurrently.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
By letter dated the 24th August 1977 the Supervisor of Elections advised the plaintiff}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 s solicitor that in the Supervisor}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 s opinion the plaintiff was not now qualified to be elected by virtue of section 33(1)(d) of the Fiji Constitution which reads}
{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 33(1)}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 \tab No }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 person shall be qualified to be elected a member of the House of Representatives }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 who }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 \'85\'85}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 (d)\tab 
is under sentence of death imposed on him by a court in any part of the Commonwealth, or is under a sentence of imprisonment
 (by whatever name called) for a term, exceeding twelve months imposed on him by such a court or substituted by competent authority for some other sentence imposed on him by such a court;}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par In coming to this opinion the Supervisor of Elections either did not consider section 33(2)(a) of the Constitution or misinterpreted the section.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 Section 33(2)(a) reads as follows}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 33(2)\tab 
For the purposes of paragraph }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 (d) of the preceding subsection-}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 (a)\tab two or more terms of imprisonment that are required to be serve
d consecutively shall be regarded as a single term of imprisonment for the aggregate period of those terms;}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 Th}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 is subsection makes it clear that consecutive}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 sentences are aggregated and are to be regarded as a single}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 term for the purposes of section 33(1)(d).
\par 
\par In the instant case the four sentences of six months each were or}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 dered to be served concurrently.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
 The effect of this order was a sentence of imprisonment for six months and not sentences totalling 24 months.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 The plaintiff was not by virtue of his convictions for the }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 four offences disqualified as h}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 e was not sentenced to imprisonment for a term exceeding twelve months.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 I hold therefore on the facts that the plaintiff is qualified to}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389  be elected as a member of the H}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 ouse of Representatives.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 Mr.
 Bale has queried whether the Electoral Regulations 1977 should be amended to cover the situation where it becomes known to the Supervisor of Elections after a person is nominated that he is not qualified or where 
disqualification arises after a candidate has been nominated and before election.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 In my view the Regulations are adequate. Under Regulation 19 any voter in a candidate
}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 s constituency may object to the nomination of that candidate on the grounds that he is not qualified. If the returning offi
cer disallows the objection his decision is final. If however he allows the objection his decision is subject to reversal on a petition questioning the election or return. Under section 37 of the Fiji Constitution the Supreme Court has jurisdiction to hea
r and determine any question whether any person has been validly elected. When a candidate is nominated and there is no objection by any voter in that candidate}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 s constituency or if there is an objection which the returning officer disallows the Regulations
 permit of no challenge as to whether a candidate is qualified before the election is held. After the election the law provides the machinery to challenge whether the successful candidate has been validly elected.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 There should not in my view be any amendm
ent of the Regulations to permit the Supervisor of Elections to take any action after a candidate has been duly nominated to declare that candidate not qualified.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
If after a candidate is nominated the Supervisor of Elections is of the view that that candi
date is not qualified, as appears to be the position in the instant case the Supervisor must proceed with the election and if that person is duly elected recourse must be had to the Supreme Court to determine whether that person has been validly elected.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
Under Section 33(1)(d) of the Fiji Constitution a sentence of imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months means either a single sentence exceeding twelve months or by virtue of subsection 2(a) the aggregate of two or more sentences to be served co
nsecutively which exceeds twelve months. Concurrent sentences cannot be aggregated and it is the effective period of over 12 months that a person has to serve for one or more offences that section 33(1)(d) is concerned with.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 R.G. Kermode
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 Suva,}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11669389 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389 9}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\super\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 th}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389  September 1977}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid11669389\charrsid11669389 
\par }}