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\par (WESTERN DIVISION}{\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11298511 )}{\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6773789 
\par }{\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241\charrsid11298511 AT LAUTOKA}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 
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\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241\charrsid6773789 Criminal Appeal No. 100 of 1977
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{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}REGINA{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 Appellant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11298511 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11298511 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11298511 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11298511 {\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241\charrsid11298511 CHET RAM}{
\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4748274  }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16078241 s/o Budhran}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11298511 
\par Respondent
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\par Mr. Ikbal Khan, Counsel for the Appellant
\par Mr. S.R. Shankar, Counsel for the Respondent.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11298511 {\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11298511\charrsid11298511 JUDGMENT}{
\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11298511 
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This appeal by the Director of Public Prosecutions against the failure of a magistrate to activate a suspended sentence alleges that the magistrate erred in principle and that the order made was made was manifestly inadequate by way }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10292343 of punishment.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11298511 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10292343 
\par The grounds of appeal show that on 20.th October 1975 the accused, CHET RAM, was convicted for fraudulent conversion contrary to Section 311 (i) (c) (i) P.C. and was fined $160 and sentenced to 9 months imprisonment suspended for 2 years.
\par 
\par That on 18/3/77 he pleaded guilty to 3 offences of Criminal Trespass contrary to Section 218(a) P.C., 2 of disorderly }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549434 behaviour con
trary to Section 4, Minor Offences Act 10/71, and one of Assault occasioning actual bodily harm to Section 218(a) P.C.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10292343 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549434 
\par That on 27.7.77 the learned magistrate instead of activating the suspended sentence imposed on 25.10.75 extended the period of suspension to {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}19/10/78}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10057105 {\*\xmlclose}.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549434 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10057105 
\par The grounds of appeal omit to state that between 18.3.77 and 27.7.77 the D.P.P. had already appealed against sentences imposed by the learned magistrate in all the above six cases on 18/3/77
 including the magistrate's failure to activate the suspended sentence on the ground that the magistrate's approach was manifestly lenient.
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5732038 
\par In fairness to the learned magistrate I feel it is necessary to refer to the earlier appeals which, in effect, give rise to the present appeal.
\par 
\par On six widely different dates }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13203010 between {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}6/8/76{\*\xmlclose} and {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}9/3/77{\*\xmlclose} the accused had appeared in the }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570473 
magistrate's court and had pleaded not guilty to six different charges, including offences committed whilst he was on remand awaiting trial for earlier offences. Six different case files had been opened.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5732038 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570473 
\par On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}18/3/77{\*\xmlclose} the accused appea
red before the learned magistrate in Cr. Case 869/76, one of the aforesaid six cases, a charge of Criminal Trespass contrary to Section 218(a) P.C., and altered his plea to guilty. He expressed a desire to be made subject to a prohibitory order in relatio
n to alcohol. His record shows that his lapses into crime, violence and hooliganism were associated with drink.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16722767  The magistrate made an order }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7937721 prohibiting the accused from drinking or possessing alcohol and fined him $25.00. The magistrate adverted to the sus
pended sentence imposed on 20.10.75 for fraudulent conversion and stated that it was of a different category and it was not proper to activate it.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13570473 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7937721 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141425 At that stage it appears that the learned magistrate was not aware that there were several other cases to be
 considered against the accused on that day. The proper course for the prosecution to have followed was to apply to consolidate all six cases so that the magistrate could deal with them all at the sametime.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7937721 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141425 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1912530 Having already imposed the aforesaid prohibitory, I suspect that the learned magistrate was somewhat embarrassed when the accused kept appearing bef}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9968258 ore him later in the day and pleading guilty to other offences. It may have prompted him to deal with the offences differently from the mode he would have a
dopted had they been consolidated. The brief details and orders made in the other five cases are as follows:-}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5141425 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16141375 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375 (i) }{
\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375\charrsid16141375 638/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375 . Disorderly behaviour contrary to section 4 Minor Offences Act.
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4748274 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375\charrsid16141375 Order}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375 : Conditionally discharged under s. 38(1) }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384 P.C.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9968258 
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9968258 (ii}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141375 ) }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16592785 1}{\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9968258\charrsid552147 45/}{\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147\charrsid552147 76}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 . Cr. Trespass contrary to section 218(1}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384 ) (}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 a) P.C. {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname 
date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}9/3/77}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16592785 
{\*\xmlclose}. At {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}2.00 a.m{\*\xmlclose}
 accused on horseback; }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 intoxicated; raining; called on complainant for umb}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8261175 r}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 
ella, had to wait; returned with cane knife and threatened the complainant's wife; departed when husband appeared.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6773789 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1117334 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334\charrsid1117334 Order}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 
: Conditional discharge.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid552147 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid552147 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 (iii) }{\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334\charrsid12723384 
572/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394343 .Crimi}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 n}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394343 a}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 
l Trespass on 7.7.76. {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}8.00 a.m.
{\*\xmlclose} accused intoxicated; went to a house; entered }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid552147 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 kit}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 chen; pulled the wife's hand and abused her. She raised an alarm and accused departed.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1117334 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6773789 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid552147 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840\charrsid12723384 Order}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 
: Conditional discharge.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid552147 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 (iv) }{\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840\charrsid12723384 
817/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 . Drunk and disorder}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6716150 ly contrary to section 4 Minor O}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 ffences Act
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6773789 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid552147 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840\charrsid12723384 Order}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 
: Conditional discharge.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 (v) }{\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840\charrsid5845835 
669/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 . Assault occasioning actual bodily harm contrary to section 277 P.C on 21.8.76. Threw a }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384 b
ottle at complainant who received a superficial cut on lip
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6773789 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12723384 {\fs24\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384\charrsid12723384 Sentence}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384 : 9 }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 months imprisonment suspended for 2 years.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1334592 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9517840 It was again
st all the sentences in those six cases that the D.P.P had originally appealed. His appeals Nos.54 to 59/77 were }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8325197 consolidated at one of hearing on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}17th June, 1977{\*\xmlclose}. I allowed all }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11425490 the }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12723384 
appeals and the prohibition order was set aside as were all the orders for conditional discharges and the following sentences were substitution:-}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7549434 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil 
\cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 Criminal Case\cell 638/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545061 -}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 2 months }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3571516 imprisonment}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 )}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 
\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \trowd \irow0\irowband0
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632
\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 
817/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545061 -}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3571516\yts16 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 -do-\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 )}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8658745    }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 concurrent}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \trowd \irow1\irowband1
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632
\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 
145/77}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545061 -}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 2 months imprisonment\cell }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 )}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \trowd \irow2\irowband2
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632
\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 
572/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545061 -}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3571516\yts16 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 -do-\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 )}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \trowd \irow3\irowband3
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632
\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell 
869/76}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545061 -}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3571516\yts16 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 -do-\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16665383 )}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 \trowd \irow4\irowband4
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx5040\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5592\clshdrawnil \cellx10632
\row }\trowd \irow5\irowband5\lastrow \ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth8112\clshdrawnil \cellx10632\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15689905\yts16 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9374265 \cell 669/76-\cell 
4 months imprisonment ( in place of the 9 months suspended sentence for assault occasioning actual bodily harm) consecutive to the foregoing making a total of 6 months imprisonment. \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9374265 \trowd \irow5\irowband5\lastrow 
\ts16\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid6773789\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1638\clshdrawnil \cellx1530\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth990\clshdrawnil \cellx2520\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth8112\clshdrawnil \cellx10632\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15951116 {
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15689905 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15951116 
I pointed out that where an accused was subject to a suspended sentence it was not normal to impose a further suspended sentence and that there had to be substantial reasons for not activating the suspended which had been imposed for fraudulent conversion
 on 25.10.75.
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15014007 
\par As I have said the learned magistrate, in Criminal Case 869/76, mentioned the extant suspended sentence for fraudulent conversion. Criminal Case 869/76 was for criminal trespass in which the accused went to a house at 12 mid-day. The house wi
fe was alone with her children. Accused asked for water and when told to leave he threatened her with a knife. She ran for help. In that case the learned magistrate said,
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15014007 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15014007 "Suspended sentence of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}20/10/75{\*\xmlclose} for an offence of a different character not proper to activate}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid334695 ."}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15014007 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid334695 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid334695 
\par It seemed to me that the magistrate may have thought he could not activate it where the subsequent offence was of a different character. I pointed out that under S.28B P.C the magistrate was bound to activate it unless
 it was unjust to do so and that he had to give his reasons for not activating. Of course the questioned of the suspended sentence was one to be considered in each of the 6 cases where a conviction had been recorded, since the cases had not been consolida
t
ed into a single hearing. However, the magistrate only made one reference to it. It seemed as though he had not purported to deal with the suspended sentence or had indicated that he was not obliged to deal with it. In the circumstances I stated that I ha
d no power to deal with the suspended sentence unless the magistrate had purported to do so- Janus Robert Gordon's case criminal Appeal Ref. 53/69, 307 at 311. I indicated that the magis}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7099317 
trate may see fit to deal with the suspended sentence when the records were returned to him.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid334695 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16191652 
\par The learned magistrate has now dealt with t}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3670436 he suspended sentence. He states}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16191652  at p.5 of his judgment,
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16191652 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6386395 "I}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16191652 
 have reviewed the facts disclosed by cases 638, 145, 572, 817 and 869 of '76. They disclose one instance}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11613747  of disorderly behaviour 
and one of drunk and disorderly which are minor offences and 3 of Criminal Trespass contrary to Section 218(a) P.C. which is a misdemeanour punishable by 3 months imprisonment. All are comparatively trivial and of a totally }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3413694 different character from that fo
r which the suspended sentence was imposed. For these reasons I consider it would be unjust to activate the suspended sentence imposed in Case No. 792/75 in any of the circumstance cited."}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16191652 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3413694 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3413694 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4029689\charrsid5258225 Presumably the magistrate was taking the view that in spite of the
 accused's bad record of 13 convictions between 1961 and 1975 and the 6 aforesaid offences which he was considering the latter were trivial even when considered in toto. As the learned magistrate correctly says the offences of disorderly conduct only carr
y a maximum sentence of 3 months and I readily concur that one such offence standing }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8614368\charrsid5258225 
on its own may not have justified the activation of the suspended sentence. However, under S.4 of the Minor Offences Act 10/71, a conviction for a 3rd }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5258225 offence of disorderly
 conduct carries a maximum penalty of 12 months and the accused had previous convictions therefore apart from the two additional convictions recorded by the magistrate. The learned magistrate also stated that a conviction for Criminal Trespass only carrie
s a maximum of 3 months imprisonment and as such it is too trivial to merit activation of the suspended sentence. However, the magistrate was not dealing with one isolated}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11417644 
 convictions for criminal trespass but with three such convictions for offences separa
ted by reasonable periods of time. Moreover the learned magistrate must have overlooked that by S. 218(1) P.C. a criminal trespass which occurs on a human dwelling caries a maximum sentence of one year's imprisonment and all three considering activating o
f
 the suspended sentence of 25.10.75 the magistrate had to consider the effect of not only one of the five offences before him but the combined effect of 5 convictions each carrying a maximum of 12 months imprisonment in addition to the more serious offenc
e of assault occasioning actual bodily harm.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3413694 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11417644 
\par With regard to case 689/76, of assault occasioning actual bodily harm, the magistrate originally imposed 9 months suspended for 2 years which in the exercise of my appellate jurisdiction I reduces to 4 m
onths immediate imprisonment. The learned magistrate }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2047321 following the original appeals }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14187864 
to the Supreme Court, commented that this was not a serious case of its kind and was of an entirely different character from fraudulent conversion for which the suspended s
entence of 9 months had been imposed and that as the accused had not been convicted for any offence involving dishonesty since 25.10.75, it would be unjust to activate the suspended sentence. With respect I would say that the combined effect of the six co
nvictions recorded by the magistrate was far from trivial.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11417644 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14187864 
\par The accused seems to have been treated leniently in various magistrates' courts and to have been given opportunities to improve his behaviour. On 20.3.61 he received 1 month's imprisonment for affray. In 1962 he had fines for convictions for drunk and dis
orderly and assault occasioning actual bodily harm.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356196 
 In 1965 he was convicted for being drunk and disorderly and he was again fined. Then he received one month's imprisonment in 1966 for being drunk and disorderly. He was fined $33 in 1971 for damaging property. On 26.6.72 he was sentenced to 12 months }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13859459 
imprisonment suspended for 12 months for an act intended to cause grievous bodily harm. During the currency of that sentence he was on 4.4.73 convicted for larceny as servant and sentenced to 6 months imprisonment suspended for 18 months.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11821309 
 I would suggest that the imposition of that additional suspended sentence for the larceny conviction was not correct sentencing practice having regard to the fact that there was a suspended sentence extant at the time. In Novem
ber, 1973 the magistrate then considered activating the suspended sentence of 26.6.72 which had been imposed for the intent to cause grievous bodily harm and ordered that it should remain suspended for a further period of 18 months as from 7.11.73.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14187864 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11821309 
\par For assault occasioning actual bodily harm }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7889526 he was bound over on 27.9.74 and convicted again on 15.1.75 for drinking in a public place and fined $15.00.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111646  When he was convicted on 25.10.75 for fraudulent conversion he again received a suspended sentence which 9 mon
ths suspended for 2 years. He was also fined $160.00 which I am told he has paid. These repeated suspended sentences for various convictions on different occasions are contrary to the practice recommended by the English Court of Appeal.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11821309 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111646 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2436792 In committing 6 offences during the first part of the last mentioned period of suspension the accused could not have been concerned about the possibility of its }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9181343 being activated. His experienced probably suggested that it would not be activated.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6111646 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9181343 
\par When a court imposes a suspe
nded sentence of imprisonment one accepts that that is the term which the magistrate regards as appropriate. It is not until after he has decided upon the proper term of imprisonment that the magistrate should proceed to consider whether or not it is a ca
se in which imprisonment should take effect immediately or be suspended \endash Charles Alexander O'Keefe 53 Cr. App. R. 91. That being so, when a subsequent offence is committed during the period of suspension, it }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212 should not be prima facie unjust to activate fully a sentence which was carefully weighed at the material time.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9181343 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212 
\par The learned magistrate's other ground for regarding it as unjust to activate the suspended sentence is that fraudulent conversion for which it had been imposed is completely different from the
 subsequent offence of criminal trespass, disorderly conduct and assault occasioning actual bodily harm which were before him. I would with respect agree that that is part of the approach recommended by the English Court of Appeal, but this in itself is n
o ground for not activating the suspended sentence. The subsequent offence should not only be different in character but should also be of a trivial nature if the suspended sentence is not to be activated, }{
\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212\charrsid12326378 R. v. Moylan}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212  1969, 3 A.E.R. 783 at 785. }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424 T}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212 hat interpretation of }{\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212\charrsid12326378 R}{\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424\charrsid12326378 . v. Moylan}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424 
 is supported in Principles of Sentencing by D.A. Thomas p. 226 and note 3, and also by The Journal of Criminal Law No. 157,Jan/Mar. 1976 p. 1 at p.2 which relies upon the judgment of a Northern Ireland Resident Magistrate who refer}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12326378 r}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424 ed to }{\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424\charrsid12326378 R v. Moylan}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424  and stated-}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6372212 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7412424 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12326378 "}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12653342 
The mere fact that the subsequent offence is of a different character is not of itself a ground for not putting a suspended sentence into effect and there is certainly no principle or practice in favour of making 
the suspended sentence concurrent where the offences differ in kind. Such a suggestion is completely unfound."}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7412424 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12653342 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12653342 
\par I rather think that when the six cases were before him in the first instance the learned magistrate may have misunderstood the principles applied by the learned Chief Justice, Sir C.H. Grant, in his judgment in }{
\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12653342\charrsid12731972 URAIA TUKANA v.}{\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12731972\charrsid12731972  R.}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12731972  Cr. App. (
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}Suva{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}) 105/73. In }{
\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12731972\charrsid12731972 R. v. Vijay Singh and Raman}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12731972 ,}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248043 
 Cr. App. 50/77 (Lautoka), I reviewed existing authorities on the activation of suspended sentences in the course of a similar appeal by the D.P.P}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7099098 .}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248043  in which a magistrate had not activated a suspended sentence. In allowing that appeal I referred to the above judgment (}{
\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248043\charrsid3219875 URAIA TUKANA v. R}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248043 .) of the learned Chief Justice}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3219875 
 pointing out that the magistrate appeared to have read into it an interpretation of the judgment in }{\b\i\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3219875\charrsid3219875 R. v. Moylan }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3219875 
(1969) 3 A.E.R. 783 which does not appear in the learned Chief Justice's judgment. I do not propose to review the authorities again but from t
hen I have concluded that where the subsequent offence is not trivial and is of a different character from that for which a suspended sentence has been imposed, that in itself, is not a good reason for not activating the suspended sentence.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12653342 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3219875 
\par Of course what amounts to a trivial offence must be for the magistrate to make up his mind about. One looks not simply at the subsequent offence but also at the accused's course }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404836 
of conduct since the suspended sentence was imposed. A solitary offence may be trivial but its continued repetition during a period of suspension may render the accused's conduct anything but trivial.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3219875 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404836 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404836\charrsid15759825 As in the instant case a minor offence }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13970786\charrsid15759825 can by }{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404836\charrsid15759825 statute become much more serious if it is repeated and subsequent convictions can qualify for substantially heavier sentences. Likewise}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3438777\charrsid15759825  although a criminal trespass may be trivial in relation to certain typed of property it ceases to be trivial if it occurs in a dwelling house.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404836 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3413694 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5258225 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13970786 For the foregoing reasons I feel, with respect, that the learned magistrate erred in principle when he described the accused's six offences as amounting to some}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1777732 thing trivial. The accused's behaviour followed a pattern which is consistent with his record. He showed a disregard for the sanction of a su
spended sentence. In any event, the accused was, as a result of the D.P.P.'s successful appeal, serving a sentence of 6 months imprisonment at the time the magistrate extended the period}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12520309 
 of suspension which had been imposed for fraudulent conversion on 25.10.75. The Court of Appeal (English) has set its face against the imposition of a suspended sentence concurrent with a terms(s) of immediate imprisonment.}{
\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5258225 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12520309 
\par I order that the sentence of 9 months imprisonment suspended for 2 years imposed for fraudulent conversion on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}
{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}25/10/75{\*\xmlclose} shall take effect as an immediate term of imprisonment consecutive to the 6 months imprisonment }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644 
imposed in Criminal Appeals 54/77 to 59/77 (consolidated).}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12520309 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5662644 {\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644\charrsid5662644 (Sgd.) J.T. Williams
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6773789 {\b\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644\charrsid5662644 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3413694 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644 LAUTOKA,
\par {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}14th October, 1977{\*\xmlclose}.
\par 
\par Director of Public Prosecutions for the Appellant
\par Messrs G.P. Shankar & Co., for the Respondent.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid87077 Date of Hearing: {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 10}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1977}}}7}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5662644 th October, 1977{\*\xmlclose}.
\par }}