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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 IN THE SUPREME COURT }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 OF FIJI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5850559 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid6255486 Civil Appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid6255486 
 No. 7 of l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid6255486 977}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid6255486 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5850559 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 ILISAPECI LIGALAU}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Appellant
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 o Raghubir}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Respondent
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Mrs. M.L. Billeam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1203226\charrsid10896485 , Counsel for the Appellant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
\par Mr. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 G.P. Sh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 ankar, Counsel for the Respond}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 ent
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5850559 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 JUDGMENT
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 This appeal arises out of an affiliation case in which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16216211  the appellant ILISAPE}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 CI LIGALAU had sued one ABHA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Y C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 HAN}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5198807\charrsid10896485 D}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 RA seeking an order declaring him to be the father of her illegitimate child.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5850559\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The complaint filed on 2nd March 1977 gave the date of birth as 13/11/76.
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753297 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
In evidence she stated that she first had intercourse with Abhay Chand, a youth, in May 1973 and then she lived with hi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13770824\charrsid10896485 m}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13770824\charrsid10896485 N}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 avua f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13770824\charrsid10896485 or a short time in June 1975. Whe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 n she discovered she}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13770824\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 was pregnant she informed the defendant and they ran away from Ba to Na
vua and then to Suva. Then the defendant's parents came and took them to Lautoka after which papers were signed "for a separation."
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13770824\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Her evidence of the sexual relationship was not apparently challenged in cross-examination.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9321717\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485 P.W}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 .2 Atunaisa Naruma is the complainant's brother. He described how he went with the d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16216211 efendant's father in September/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 October }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 nd brought the complainant and defendant to Lautoka.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 It seems at that stag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
 the complainant was already pregnant and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 the defendant's parents allegedly pr}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16216211 omised to look after the child.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 P.W. 2's evidence fitted in with the complainant's evidence that she became pregnant after intercourse in June, although he said he thought the child was born in May, 1976.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16476585\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The complainant tendered a birth certificate showing that the child was born at Lautoka hospital on 15/11/76; being a female named Reveka Bainivalu. The in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9531836\charrsid10896485 formation was supplied on 21.2.77.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par The magistrate upheld a submission by Mr. Govind for the defendant that the defendant could not have been the father in that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 the period of gestation would }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16216211 have had to be about 17 months.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The complainant now appeals on the ground that the hospital records reveal that the chil}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  was born on 11/3/76, that there was a cl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 erical error in ente}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 ring the date of birth in the birth certificate she tendered and that the complainant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 
is illiterate and was not aware}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  of the mistake in the bi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 rth certificate. She requests th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 at the case be remitted to the magistrate for a re-hearing.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14314407\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 At the appeal Mrs. Billeam for the appellant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 complainant)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 filed}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 an affidavit made by the depu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 
ty registrar of Births, Deaths &}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  Marriages to the effect that the birth in questi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 on}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  had been registered twice, once on 29.11.76 and again on 21.2.77 and photostats of the birth certificates are appended.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The earlier birth certificate shows the date of birth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 as 13.3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 .76 and the informant as Ilisapeci Ligalau, the co}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 mplainant. The later one gives the date of birth as 13/11/76 and the informant as Reveka Bainivalu.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13384641\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The affidavit of the records officer at Lautoka Hospital shows a record that the complainant gave birth to a female child at 9.a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid94484\charrsid10896485 .m.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  on 13.3.76. There is also a photostat of her ante natal record commencing on 1/2/76.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid94484\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The hospital records are roughly in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid94484\charrsid10896485 keeping with the evidence of P.W}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 .2 and the complainant and confirms the date shown in the second birth certificate which the complainant will seek to rely upon.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid94484\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Mr. G.P. Shankar for the defend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8023832\charrsid10896485 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
nt/respondent has submitted that the authorities show that if fresh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8023832\charrsid10896485  evidence is to be admitted it m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
ust be evidence of which the appellant was not aware at the hearing; and the appellant should also show that she was properly industrious in endeavouring to gather all the available evidence. He submitted that the complainant had the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8023832\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 hospital records available to her and could have obtained and produced th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8023832\charrsid10896485 em}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  at the trial.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660019\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Had she been represented this would probably have been done, but when}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660019\charrsid10896485  an illiterate girl of 20 years app}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 ears on her own behalf she is scarcely likely to appreciate what evidence would}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660019\charrsid10896485  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
be required. This is more so, I think, in the case of a Fijian girl, as Fijians do not have a reputation for being in any way litigious. It is conceivable that she was not aware that the birth certificate which she tendered was erroneous. It is a
lso possible that she was not aware that the birth had been registered twice.
\par 
\par It is also pertinent to observe that the informant who supplied the date of birth for the allegedly incorrect birth certifi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 cate was not the complainant but}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  one Reveka Bainivalu. The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 information}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
 for the allegedly correct certificate }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 s supplied b}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  the complainant herself.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 I a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1069739\charrsid10896485 m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
 satisfied that this is the kind of case in which justice cannot be seen to have b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5525618\charrsid10896485 een done by allowing the procee}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 din}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5525618\charrsid10896485 g}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 s to remain as they are. One}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5525618\charrsid10896485  cannot blame the learned magis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
trate who could only rely upon the evidence tendered by the complainant. The action is brought not only for the complainant but for the child who at the outset of its life should not be denied the op}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5525618\charrsid10896485 portunity of having its parentage}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  established if that be possible on the available evidence.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5525618\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 In my view the magistrate's order dismissing the proceedings should be set side and tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487128 t there should be a re-hearing.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 I say a re-hearing because it is only proper that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485  she should explain in Court the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  history of the documents and that the defendant should be able to cross}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 -examine her}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487128  in regard to them.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 Likewise it would be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 interesting}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
 to know if the Lauto}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 ka hospital has any records show}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 ing the birth of a child 
to the complainant on or about 13/11/76.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4016386\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 The informant Reveka Bainivalu who appears to have given incorrect information as to the date of birth should give some evidence explaining this.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 I order that the order of dismissal be set aside and that the magistrate should hear the proceedings b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 
y way of a re-hearing of the com}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 plaint which no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 doubt will need to be}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 amended as to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
the alleged date of the birth.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 
\par }\pard \ql \li4320\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid3619191 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid6912373 (Sgd.) J.T. Williams
\par }\pard \ql \li5040\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid3619191 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid6912373 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487128 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11753297 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 LAUTOKA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6912373 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487128 26th August, 1977.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13394397\charrsid10896485 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid468707\charrsid10896485 Public Legal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485  Adviser for the Appellant
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid468707\charrsid10896485 Messrs G.P. S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid10896485 hankar & Co., for the Respondent
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid468707\charrsid10896485 
\par Date of Hearing: 23rd August, 1977.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11753297\charrsid1584771 
\par }}