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RENEE WURZEL v MINIKA TAPPEN MANAGEMENT LTD.
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 High Court Civil Jurisdiction
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\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
Practice and procedure - whether late amendment of defence to include the Limitation Statute be allowed \endash  whether permitted - Institution of action for personal injuries after granting of leave to institute out of time - whether defence can still
 challenge at the trial \endash  role of Judge in considering the requirements of sections 16 & 17 of the Limitation Act -}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
whether omission of pleading was through inadvertence and not improper conduct \endash  security for costs - Limitation Act ss16}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 &}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 17(1); High Court Rules O.18 r.7}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The Defendant sought amendment of pleadings a week before the scheduled trial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 By consent, both parties applied to vacate hearing dates to allow the Defendant to amend its pleadings. The Defendant filed a further summons to dismiss the Plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s action and ask for security for costs. The Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s counsel had full knowledge that he had to adduce evidence to satisfy sections 16 & 17 of the Limitation Act
, but the Defendant did not plead statute of limitations in its defence. A failure to plead would disallow the Defendant from leading evidence at the trial of limitations. The Court discussed its 
duty to ensure all matters in dispute are resolved to avoid multiplicity of legal proceedings. The Court held that even though the amendment sought was at a late stage, was inconvenient to the Plaintiff and unfortunate, the Plaintiff
 would not be prejudiced as all of the issues in the case would be before the court
 for its determination. In respect of the application for security for costs, the Defendant had failed to satisfy the court that the Plaintiff was a person without substance or property that the Defendant could pursue later for costs.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Held\endash }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (1) Notwithstanding that a defence of limitation is to be expressly pleaded, 
the failure to plead a defence is a curable error, a matter of procedure only. The issue of whether the claim is statute barred is fundamental to the efficacy of the action and late amendment of pleadings is allowed, so that all of the issues in the case 
are before the court, there being no prejudice to the Plaintiff.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (2) Once the Plaintiff obtains leave, the proper pattern of pleading is for the Plaintiff to make no mention of the limitation point in his statement of claim. If the defence
 pleads a statute-barred action, the Plaintiff then serves a reply raising the facts and contentions relied on, as to date and knowledge, and the power of the court to override the defence of limitation.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (3) Where there was no suggestion that the Plaintiff was a person of no substance, or that as a person resident in, with property in Victoria, the Defendant could not succe
ssfully pursue costs against her, application for security for costs declined.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Amendment of defence to include plea of statute of limitations allowed. Plea of time-bar to be determined as a preliminary issue at trial.
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs24\lang3081\langfe3081\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp3081 {\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [Note: a Notice of Discontinuance was filed on 5 July 2005.]
\par }{\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Cases referred to in Ruling}{\b\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
Avonson v Liverpool Corporation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  (1913) 29 T.L.R. 325
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Bower v Maxwell }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1989] CA Transcript 472}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Lubin v HTV Cymen Wales Ltd.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
[1991] CA Transcript 766 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 British Gas plc v Green Elms Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  (1988) CA Transcript 89
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Cartledge v E. Jopling &}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Sons Ltd. 
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1963] AC 758 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Cozens v Northern Devon Hospital Management}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Committee}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1966] 2 QB 318 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Fiji Electricity Authority & Attorney-General v Miriama Ganilau}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1999] ABU 0050/97
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Henderson v Temple Pier Co. Ltd.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
[1998] 3 All ER 324 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In the Clark Forbes Stuart}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
(Thames 82) Ltd [1964] 1 WLR 836
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 McLellan v Leighton}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s Estate}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1988] CA Transcript 433 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Mitchell v Harris Engineering Co.Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  [1967] 2 QB 703
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Northern_Devon_Hospital_Renee_v_Minika}Northern Devon Hospital Management Committee}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 [1966] 2 QB 318
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Northern_Devon_Hospital_Renee_v_Minika}Ogunsanya v Lambeth Area Health Authority}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  July 3rd 1985}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  
\par Ronex Properties Ltd. v John Laing Construction Ltd. and}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Others}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1983] 1 QB 398 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Surya Deo Sharma v Sabolevu & 2 Ors}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
[1995]}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 HBC 539/94S 30 June 1995
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Tildesly v Harper}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  (1878) 10 Ch. D 393.
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs24\lang3081\langfe3081\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp3081 {\b\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Adish K. Narayan 
for the Plaintiff and third party
\par Gwen Phillips for the Defendant}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs24\lang3081\langfe3081\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp3081 {\b\lang2057\langfe3081\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid5650817\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1908\clshdrawnil \cellx1800\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6948\clshdrawnil 
\cellx8748\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11735766 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 14 August, 2001
\cell }\pard \ql \li1872\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1872\pararsid5650817 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 RULING}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid5650817\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1908\clshdrawnil \cellx1800\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6948\clshdrawnil \cellx8748
\row }\pard \ql \li1400\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1400\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [Late Amendment of Defence to include Limitation]
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Gates, J}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In December 1989 the Plaintiff spent a holiday at Plantation Island Resort. The resort was being run by the Defendant, a management company. During the holiday the Plaintiff
 was bold enough to go in for some parasailing or paragliding. Unfortunately when she did so the metal clasp and rope holding the Plaintiffs parachute and harness and the rope attached to the boat snapped virtually simultaneously. The Plaintiff
 dropped some 60 feet and as a result suffered injuries. She brought a claim in negligence against the Defendant. The Defendant denied the severity of the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s injuries, denied the allegation of negligence, and stated in its Defence that such injuries were caused wholly or in part by the Plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s own negligence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \fi700\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The trial of the action was set down for 16th, 17th and 18th July 2001. The Defendant
 filed a summons dated 24 June 2001 seeking orders:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid394856 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid394856\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 1. That the Defendant
 be at liberty to amend its defence by adding to its existing amended Statement of Defence of 27 January 1997 a further paragraph as follows:-}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid394856\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "11.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The Plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s cause of action did not accrue within three years before the commencement of this action and the Defendant
 will rely on s.4 of the Limitation Act and;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid394856\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid394856 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 2.}{
\b0\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 That the trial of this action be adjourned to a date to be set.}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid394856 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The Defendant filed a further summons, dated 3rd July 2001 seeking the orders:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid394856 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid394856\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid394856 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "1.}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 That the Plaintiff}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s action against the Defendant being a cause of action in fort raising an action of the kind specified in the proviso to {\*\bkmkstart s4_1_Limitation_Act_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}
s.4 (1) {\*\bkmkend s4_1_Limitation_Act_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}of the Limitation Act in which the cause of action did not accrue within three years before the commencement of the action, be dismissed.}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid394856\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 2.}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 That the Plaintiff
 do within seven days give security/or the Defendant}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s cost in this action.}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Both summons came on for hearing on 1 July 2001, a week bef
ore the scheduled commencement of the 3 day trial. The Defendant filed two affidavits in support deposed to by Robert Anderson Smith, a solicitor, who stated he had conduct of the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s case from 1993. Mohammed Kazim Khan principal legal clerk with solicitors for the Plaintiff swore an affidavit on behalf of the Plaintiff in opposition to both summons. Mr. Khan}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s affidavit explained the difficulty of obtaining the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s own affidavit from overseas in time for the application hearing. He exhibited a faxed copy of the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s intended affidavit, which affidavit had been sworn on 4 July 2001. It was filed at court subsequently.
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 On the hearing date because of the need 
for an immediate decision to govern the trial a few days off. I made short orders and said I would publish my reasons later. This I do now.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par The Affidavits
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In his first affidavit, which was sworn on 26 June 2001. Mr. Smith frankly admits that he omitted to
 obtain particulars of the leave to institute proceedings out of time application from the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
s solicitors. He had noted that such leave had been pleaded in the Statement of Claim at paragraph 8. Unfortunately, as sometimes happens in the course of 
professional practice, the matter remained overlooked until 20 June 2001. Mr. Smith explained what had prompted a careful revisiting of the Statement of Claim. He deposed (at para.3):}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li640\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin640\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "It remained overlooked, I regret to say, until on 20 June 2001, the Plaintiff
s solicitor delivered a long awaited update of claimed special damages. This update notified a special damages claim of $536,548.00 in Australian currency. This seemed so wildly extravagant in respect of an incident causing relatively little physical
 injury that I went back to the statement of claim to see what had there been originally claimed. I noted that special damages nearly four years out from the incident had totaled only $555,008.00 (presumably) Fiji dollars. But as well as that, that time f
rame, and the information contained in paragraph 8 of the statement of claim, reminded me that the Limitation Act issue had received no attention.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Mr.Smith tendered his apologies to the court and to the Plaintiff.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The Plaintiff
 in her affidavit explained the circumstances as to how it became necessary for the second set of solicitors to seek leave of the High Court in Suva before Fatiaki J. to institute legal proceedings out of time. The order sealed on 27th
 September 1993 did not refer to the fact that such application had been made ex-parte. According to Mr. Smith the leave papers had never been served on the Defendants. However at paragraph 8 of the Statement of Claim the Plaintiff
 pleaded, albeit sparsely:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li680\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin680\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "That the Plaintiff has obtained leave from the High Court to bring this action}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 This did not alert the Defendant, as perhaps it should, to plead that the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s claim was statute barred. Limitation as between Plaintiff and Defendant was not raised at the pro-trial conference stage either. But as between Defendant
 and Third Party it had been listed in the minutes as an issue for trial [as at 12 February 1998].
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Pleading Practice}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart O18_7_HCR_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}Order 18 rule 7 {\*\bkmkend O18_7_HCR_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}of the High Court Rules provides:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid731681 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "7.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (1) }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 A party must in any pleading}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  subsequent to a statement of claim }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 plead specifically any matter, for example,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  performance }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 release}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 and relevant statute of limitation, fraud or any fact showing illegality:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid731681 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (a)}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 which he alleges makes any claim or defence of the opposite party not maintainable; or}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid731681\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid731681 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (b)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 which, if not specifically pleaded, might take the opposite party by surprise;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The grant of leave to institute proceedings out of time on an ex parte application pursuant to {\*\bkmkstart s17_1_Limitation_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}Section 17(1) 
{\*\bkmkend s17_1_Limitation_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}of the Limitation Act Cap. 35 allows a litigant to advance in the action the contention that he should not be limited by the Act. and that his compl
aint should not be restricted to matters falling within the 3 years prior to the issue of the writ. That does not dispose finally of the issue as to whether the late filed personal injuries claim, for which an extension of time, has been granted, is or is
 not statute barred; }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Cozens_v_Northern_R_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}Cozens v Northern Devon Hospital Management}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Committee}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Cozens_v_Northern_R_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tapp}[1966] 2 QB 318 at p 320 et seq and }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart In_re_Clark_Forbes_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}In the Clark Forbes Stuart (Thames St.) Ltd.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkend In_re_Clark_Forbes_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}[1964] 1 WLR 836, per Lord Denning MR at p 840. Whether the Plaintiff fulfilled the requirements of {\*\bkmkstart s16_Limitation_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}sections 16 
{\*\bkmkend s16_Limitation_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}and 17 will be questions for the trial judge.
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Once leave has been granted, need the Plaintiff
 refer to such leave in his Statement of Claim and plead the material fact? establishing fulfillment of the Limitation Act requirements? In an unreported English decision Bristow J. considered that the proper pattern of pleading is for the Plaintiff
 to make no mention of the limitation point in his statement of claim. This issue should be left to be raised in the defence. If pleaded, the Plaintiff would then serve his reply raising the facts and contentions relied on
 as to date and knowledge, and the power of the court to override the defence of limitation [see }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Ogunsanya_v_Lambeth_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}Ogunsanya v
 Lambeth Area Health Authority}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Ogunsanya_v_Lambeth_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}, July 3rd 1985 (unreported)].
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
By virtue of the High Court Rules, the defence of limitation is to be expressly pleaded. The Supreme Court Practice 1997 (Eng.), in providing authoritative guidance on what the Plaintiff should plead, concludes at 18/8/11 p300-1:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li640\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin640\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "... unless, the Plaintiff
 has good reason for believing that the defence of limitation will not be raised, the better practice is for the Plaintiff in his statement of claim to plead, in the alternative, if necessary, all the facts and circumstances
 relied on, with all necessary particulars, to invoke the power of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (the Court to allow the action to proceed.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 And on necessary facts and matters to be pleaded to support the claim on date of knowledge, states:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11697932 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 As to the date of knowledge in an action for damages for personal injuries or under the Fatal Accidents Act 1976, the Plaintiff
 who alleges that he was entitled to commence the action within three years from the date of knowledge which is later than the date on which the cause of action accrued, must in his statement of claim plead the f
acts and matters on which he relies to support his contention. He should not wait for the Defendant to plead the defence of limitation and then serve a reply alleging the gr
ounds entitling him to bring the action later than three years from the date of the accrual of the cause of action. In particular, the Plaintiff
 should plead in the statement of claim the date as precisely as he can when he first knew of each of the facts and matters specified in s. 14 and he should give particulars of the facts relating to such knowledge under 0.18 r.12(4)(a)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Normally the issue of a statute barred claim is dealt with at an early interlocutory stage of the action by way of summons and affi
davit evidence from both parties. Sometimes the issue is left to be dealt with as a preliminary issue on the pleadings, or even as an issue in the action itself. In this case, the matter was not raised in the defence filed. Only in the summons of 3rd
 July 2001 did the Defendant
 seek to raise the matter at a very late interlocutory stage. Because at the time of the application the trial was set for the following week. I declined to hear the matter as an interlocutory application and dismissed the summons. If 
the matter were to be heard now it would have to be heard as a preliminary issue in the trial. As it happened, though I refused the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s application to adjourn the trial, both counsel subsequently applied by consent to put off the trial, so that th
ey could reconsider their respective positions, or if need be, attend to the necessity for further pleadings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The failure of the Defendant to plead the Limitation Statute does not perhaps preclude it from raising the issue. If the Defence were to go to tr
ial without amendment. it may be precluded however from adducing evidence on that which has not been pleaded. In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Surya_Sharma_v_Sabolevu_Wurzel_v_Minika}
Surya Dec Sharma v Sabolevu & 2 Others }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Surya_Sharma_v_Sabolevu_Wurzel_v_Minika}(unreported) Suva High Cou
rt Civil Action No. 539 of 1994; 30 June 1999 Pathik J. at p 8 of his judgment said:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "However, since the Plaintiff has applied f
or extension by virtue of the provisions of s17 ofthe Act, the Defendants are entitled to argue the point in issue and are not precluded from doing so merely because they have not pleaded it.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li680\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin680\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The Court of Appeal did not dissent from this view when the matter went on appeal 
(unreported) Court of Appeal, Fiji Civil App. ABU0043 of 1999; 27 August 1999 at p6: but a differently constituted Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart FEA_v_M_Ganilau_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Fiji Electricity Authority & {\*\bkmkend FEA_v_M_Ganilau_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Attorney-General v}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Miriam Ganilau}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
(unreported) Court of Appeal, Fiji Civil App. No. ABU0050 of 1997S 14 May 1999 at p3 found otherwise and dismissed the Attorney}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
s appeal on the basis that he should have applied to amend his defence first. FEA had pleaded the defence and succeeded on appeal with it. The Defendant here has chosen to apply to amend first and seeks to h
ave the claim dismissed on the basis of the amended plea of statute-barred, later.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The issue of whether the claim is statute barred is fundamental to the efficacy of the action. The leave application if successful allows the late claim to proceed forward. No late ac
tion can proceed as an action without the grant of leave. The grant is a fundamental step. Though a reasonable cause or right may exist without the grant,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 statute has removed the remedy: }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Ronex_v_Laing_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Ronex Properties Ltd. v
 John Laing {\*\bkmkend Ronex_v_Laing_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Construction Ltd. and}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 others}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
[1983] 1 QB 398 at p 404. The failure to plead a defence on the other hand is a curable error, a matter of procedure only: see }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Mitchell_v_Harris_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}
Mitchell v Harris Engineering Co. Ltd.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Mitchell_v_Harris_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}
(1967] 2 QB 703. On the authority of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Henderson_v_Temple_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Henderson v Temple Pier Co. Ltd.}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Henderson_v_Temple_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika} }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1998] 3 All ER 324 there would appear to 
be an arguable case to be put forward on the plea. I turn next to consider whether to allow the late amendment of pleadings.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Amendment of Pleadings}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Miriam Ganilau}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 case (supra) the Court of Appeal referred to the statement in }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Halsbury}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 at para 656 "to the effect that if the defence was not pleaded through inadvertence, the Court may allow an amendment if it considers the plea is not in the circumstances improper, citing }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Avonson_v_Liverpool_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}Avonson v Liverpool Corporation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  
{\*\bkmkend Avonson_v_Liverpool_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}(1913) 29 TLR 325 where leave was refused". In the matter before me counsel has explained how it came about that he discovered his client}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s case had not been fully pleaded to include what must be regarded as an obvious defence to this particular claim. His late application to amend therefore carries no sinister connotation}
{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Easton}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  supra at p 261d).
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Dillon LJ in}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Easton}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
at p 265 quoted from Staughton LFs judgment at some length in}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart British_v_Green_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}British Gas Plc v Green Elms Ltd.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  {\*\bkmkend British_v_Green_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}[1988) CA Transcript 89 5 February 1988
 where his lordship had said:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12479887 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 I start with what was said by Bowen LJ in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart Cropper_v_Smith_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Cropper v Smit{\*\bkmkend Cropper_v_Smith_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 (1884) 26 Ch D 700 at 710-711: "It is a well-established principle that the object of the Court is to decide the rights of the parties, and not to punish them for mistakes they make in the conduct of their cases by de
ciding otherwise than in accordance with their rights. I know of no kind of error or mistake which, if not fraudulent or intended to overreach, the Court ought not to correct, if it can be d
one without injustice to the other party. Courts do not exist for the sake of discipline, but for the sake of deciding matters in controversy, and I do not regard such amendment as a matter of favour or grace. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 That passage is or ought to be engraved on the heart or lodged firmly in the brain of every practitioner. But i
t needs to be modified somewhat in the light of the recent decision of the House of Lords in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Ketteman_v_Hansel_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Ketteman v Hansel Properties Ltd}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 .{\*\bkmkend Ketteman_v_Hansel_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika} There the majority held that leave to make a late a
mendment raising a defence of limitation should not have been granted during the final speeches at the end of a long trial. There is a passage in the speech of Lord Griffiths which makes it very clear that there are circumstances in which it is just to re
f
use leave to amend even though it can be said that costs and an adjournment will cure all (see [1988] 1 All ER 38 at 62, [1987] AC 199 at 220). That particular case was concerned with an amendment made during final speeches and what is more, an amendment 
t
o raise a plea of limitation for the first time. Those are particular features of the decision. I bear what Lord Griffiths said in mind, but this application has not been made at the end of the trial. It was made 18 months before the trial was due to begi
n. It is true to say that it is adding a new issue rather than clarifying the old issues. But the new issue is one which to anyone familiar with building contract cases was obviously liable to arise.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 A few lines further on he said:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 

\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12479887 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 "But, even if there was reprehensible delay, I remind myself that courts do not exist for the sake of discipline or to punish mistakes but to decide the rights of the parties.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 The next issue for consideration is the lateness of the hour at which this major}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 amendment is sought.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In the}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Ketteman}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
 case (supra) the making of a fresh defence hitherto neither a plea nor a matter in dispute between the parties at the stage of closing speeches was held to be far too late for amendment to be fairly allowed. In instituting the action the Plaintiff
s solicitors were aware at the outset that the Plaintiff would have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
to prove by witnesses and documents that the requirements of section 16 and 17 of the Limitation Act had been met. Those witnesses and documents would have had to be identified and gathered up at the time of the institution of proceedings and of the ex pa
rte application for leave. No solicitor could safely dispense with any of such vital material even though the defence had not responded to paragraph 8 of the Statement of Claim by 
pleading limitation. The necessity for the plea could have come to the attention of the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s solicitors at any time. The 
Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s solicitors knew of this element of the claim that would need to be proved from the earliest, and could not be surpri
sed by the consequences of this late application to amend.
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 There was undoubtedly inconvenience caused by the lateness of the application,
 precipitating as it has the loss of the trial dates. The matter will have to be heard as a preliminary issue before t
he trial proper can be commenced. A litigant arriving at court a few days prior to the listed trial date with an application to recast radically his pleadings may come upon an unsympathetic court. Applications have floundered where a Defendant
 has sought to introduce a late defence of justification in such circumstances before the listing judge in defamation suits }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Bower_v_Maxwell_Renee_v_Minika}Bower v
 Maxwell }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [{\*\bkmkend Bower_v_Maxwell_Renee_v_Minika}1989] CA Transcript 472;}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Lubin_v_HTV_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}Lubin v HTV Cymen Wales Ltd{\*\bkmkend Lubin_v_HTV_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika_Tappen}.}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1991] CA Transcript 766.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In commenting on the}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Ketteman decision, O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Connor LJ in}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart McLellan_v_Leightons_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}McLellan v Leighton}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s 
{\*\bkmkend McLellan_v_Leightons_R_Wurzel_v_Minika}Estate}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1988] CA Transcript 433 said:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7288113 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7288113 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{
\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
I do not understand Lord Griffiths as in any way criticising the well-established rule that in the ordinary course of litigation amendments are to be permitted so long as no injustice is caused to a party. }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Ketteman v Hansel}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
Properties Ltd}{\b0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 . itself was exceptional because the amendment was applied for at a time which was very, very late."
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7288113 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Some pertinent words were said in}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Tildesley_v_Harper_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Tildesley v Harper}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  {\*\bkmkend Tildesley_v_Harper_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}(1878) 10 Ch. D 393 by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Thesiger LJ at p 397:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
The object of those rules is to obtain a correct issue between the parties, and when an error has been made it is not intended that the party making the mistake should be mulcted in the loss of the trial}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li2560\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin2560\itap0\pararsid5650817 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 It is impor
tant "that the court shall so exercise its jurisdiction in any cause or matter before it so as to secure that as far as possible all matters in dispute between the parties are completely and finally determined and all multiplicity of legal proceedings wit
h respect to any of those matters is avoided."}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Easton}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  supra at p261).
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Another factor for consideration is the anxiety the Plaintiff may suffer from the raising of the new issue. Lord Griffiths in }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Ketteman}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 (at p339H) said:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2654099 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 ... 
a judge is entitled to weigh in the balance the strain the litigation imposes on litigants, particularly if they are personal litigants rather than business corporations, the anxieties occasioned by facing new issues, the raising of false hopes, and the l
egitimate expectation that the trial will determine the issues one way or the other.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li680\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin680\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 This was canvassed also in}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Easton by the trial judge who disallowed the amendment. He was however overruled by the 
Court of Appeal. For the reason that this was a known and obvious defence from the outset albeit hitherto not relied on, I find that this is a compelling factor for allowing the amendment. The defence had never written expressly to the Plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s solicitors stating this was to be a trial on the merits, and that they were not relying on the Limitation Act.
\par }\pard \ql \fi748\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
{\*\bkmkstart Khalsa_v_Hepherd_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika}Khalsa v Hepherd Winstanly and Pugh}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkend Khalsa_v_Hepherd_Renee_Wurzel_v_Minika} }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1992]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  CA Transcript 450 8 May}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 1992 Mann LJ said:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9787791\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9787791 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
"It was sensible and right that the arguments should focus upon prejudice, because undoubtedly in the absence of prejudice the would be amender is entitled to have his case before the court."
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li2520\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin2520\itap0\pararsid5650817 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
No question of estoppel arises. Nor does the issue of waiver. The amendment is clearly inconvenient to the Plaintiff and perhaps unfortunate but I find it does not prejudice her 
in having all of the issues in the case before the court, heard and decided. Accordingly I allowed the amendment. On the material, I declined the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 s request for an order for security for costs. It was not suggested that the Plaintiff was a person of no substance, nor that as a person resident in, and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 with property in the State of Victoria, she would be a person against whom costs could not be successfully pursued.

\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
The possibility of suing her two previous sets of solicitors arose some years ago. Some damages would have been apparent then either from delay or from extra costs though the full cost of a valid claim being thrown away could not have been ascertained }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 {\*\bkmkstart Cartledge_v_Jopling_Ren_Wurzel_v_Minika}Cartledge v E. Jopling &}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Sons Ltd{\*\bkmkend Cartledge_v_Jopling_Ren_Wurzel_v_Minika}. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 [1963] AC
 758. From the correspondence tendered the question of suing her previous solicitors was considered by her most recent advisers. She may have been advised not to pursue the claims. But the late application to amend has not prejudiced or affected such righ
ts.
\par }\pard \ql \li640\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin640\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 I conclude the amendment should be allowed.
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \b\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b0\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Costs
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5650817 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 I was not asked by the 
Plaintiffs counsel for costs to be awarded to the Plaintiff in the event I were to accede to the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5650817 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
s application. On reflection, I may have been a little generous to the Defendant in making no order as to costs. However in view of the fact that the Defendant
 has perfected and sealed the order. I have no jurisdiction to rectify it on the matter of costs.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Application to amend pleadings granted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817  
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352920\charrsid5650817 Marie Chan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid5650817 
\par }}