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\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid4342421 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 3, 10 August, 2001 \cell }\pard \s15\ql \li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\pararsid4325417 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 HAA044 & HAA045/01S \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts20\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4325417\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2268\clshdrawnil \cellx2160\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6588\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \f179\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Robbery with violence}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \endash appeal against sentence \endash activation of a suspended sentence for earlier offence of office breaking and larceny - whether harsh and excessive - whether offending and conviction must take place within operational period \endash Penal Code ss29, 30, 293(1)(b) and 300(a) \par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par The Appellant was convicted for an offence of robbery with violence on his plea of guilty in respect of file no. HAA045/2001.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Magistrate sentenced the Appellant to 18 months imprisonment and activated 12 months of the suspended sentence imposed on the Appellant in respect of file no. HAA044/2001 bringing the total term to 2 years and 6 months.}{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Appellant appealed against his sentence on the ground that it was harsh and excessive.}{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Court considered the principles of activating suspende d sentences and whether or not it was necessary that the offence and conviction take place within the operational period of the suspended sentence. \par \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Held}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \endash (1) The Magistrate had the power to activate the Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 s suspended sentence, although the operational period had expired, for the latter offence which was committed within the operational period.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 It was not necessary for the conviction to have taken place within the operational period.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (2) The suspended sentence in respect of file no. HAA044/2001 was right in principle.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (3)\tab The sentence of 18 months for the offence of robbery with violence in respect of file no. HAA045/2001 was not manifestly excessive, nor wrong in principle.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \f179\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Haroon Khan v State }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (1998) }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 44 FLR 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 dist. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par Other cases referred to in Judgment }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \f179\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Cons }{ \b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 R v Okinikan }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (1992) 14 Cr. App. R(s) 453 \par Cons }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 R v Carr }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (1979) 1 Cr. App. R(s) 53 \par Cons }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 R v Fitton }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (1989) 11 Cr. App. R(s) 350 \par Cons }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 R v Taylor }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (1975) Crim. L.R. 113 \par \par }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Appellant in person \par Aliti Bavou for the Respondent \par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts20\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4325417\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1908\clshdrawnil \cellx1800\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6948\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid6518028 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 10 August, 2001. \cell }\pard \s15\ql \li1872\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1872\pararsid4325417 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 JUDGMENT\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ts20\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4325417\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1908\clshdrawnil \cellx1800\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6948\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \f179\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Shameem, J }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 \fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Appellant has appealed against a total sentence of 2 years and 6 months imprisonment for an offence of Robbery with Violence and for the activation of a suspended sentence for an offence of Office Breaking Entering and Larceny. I have dealt with both court files together, because his appeal relates to both cases. \par \par On File No. HAA044/2001, the Appellant was charged with the following offence:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 \i\f1\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Statement of Offence}{ \f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\i0\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 OFFICE BREAKING ENTERING AND LARCENY:}{\i0\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Contrary to Section {\*\bkmkstart s300_a_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}300 (a){\*\bkmkend s300_a_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State} of the Penal Code Act 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par Particulars of Offence}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 ELONI GONEYALI, on the 1st day of November, 1998 at Suva in the Central Division, broke and entered the office of Dr Anand Patel s/o Embalal Patel and stol e from therein surgical motor valued $2,600, zeon light source valued $1165.00, video deck valued $350.00, amplifier valued $700.00, two speakers valued $400.00, wrist watch valued $300.00, headphones valued $150.00, x-ray viewer valued $50.00,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 remote for T/V valued $50.00,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 sunglass case valued $30.00, four CDs valued $100.00, backpack valued $200.00 to the total value of $6,095.00, the property of said Dr Anand Patel s/o Embalal Patel. \par }\pard \ql \fi700\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The learned Magistrate on that file sentenced the Appellant to 18 months imprisonment suspended for 2 years.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The sentence was imposed on 2nd November 1998. \par \par The Appellant was then charged on File No. HAA045/2001.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The charge reads as follows:}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Statement of Offence}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 ROBBERY WITH VIOLENCE:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Contrary to {\*\bkmkstart s293_1_b_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}Section 293(1) (b) {\*\bkmkend s293_1_b_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}of the Penal Code Act 17. \par }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par Particulars of Offence}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 ELONI GONEYALI, JASONI TABANIKAU and one another on the 13th day of April 1999, at Suva in the Central Div ision, robbed Talab Ali s/o Mohammed Ali of $6.00 cash and immediately before the said robbery did use personal violence on the said Talab Ali s/o Mohammed Ali. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Appellant pleaded guilty and was sentenced on 4th May 2001 to 18 months imprisonment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The learned Magistrate then activated 12 months of the suspended sentence imposed on Appeal HAA044/2001. The total term to be served is therefore 2 years and 6 months. \par \par The Appellant now appeals against the total sentence on the ground that it is harsh and excessive. \par \par State Counsel opposed the appeal saying that the sentence was right in principle. Very properly, she drew my attention to the decision of the High Court of Labasa in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart Haroon_Khan_v_S_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}Haroon Khan v The State}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkend Haroon_Khan_v_S_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}Criminal Appeal No. 0060 of 1997.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 In that case, it was held by Fatiaki J that a suspended sentence could only be activated if the commission of the offence, and conviction for the offence, both occurred within the operational period.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 } {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 She submitted that this decision offended the spirit and form of section 30 of the Penal Code, and invited me to differ from it.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Clearly, the issue is relevant, because the Appellant had committed the offence of Robbery with Violence within the operationa l period, but was not convicted of the offence until after the operational period had expired. \par }\pard \ql \fi748\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart s29_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}Section 29 {\*\bkmkend s29_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}of the Penal Code provides:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 "(1)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 A court which passes}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 sentence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of imprisonment for a term of not more than two years for an offence,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 may order that the sentence shall not take effect unless, during a period specified in the order, being not less than one year nor more than three years from the date of the order,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the offender commits in Fiji another offence punishable with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 imprisonment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 and}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 thereafter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 court having}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 power}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 do}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 so} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 orders}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 under}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the provisions of section 30 that the original sentence shall take effect; and in this and in sections 30, 31, and 32 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 operational period" in relation to a suspended sentence means the period so specified in the order." \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart s30_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}Section 30 {\*\bkmkend s30_PC_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}of the Penal Code provides: \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 "Where an offender is convicted of an offence punishable with imprisonment }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 committed during the operational period of a suspended sentence }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 and either he was convicted by or before a court having power under the provisions of section 31 to deal with him in respect of the suspended sentence or who subsequently appears or is brought before a court, then, unless the sentence has already taken effect, that court shall consider his case and deal with him by one of the following methods:}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (a)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the court may order that the suspended sentence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 shall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 take}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 effect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the substitution of a lesser term for the original term;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (c)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \tab it may by order vary the original order made under the provisions of subsection (1) of section 29 by substituting for the period}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 specified}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 therein}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 period expiring not later than three years from the date of the variation; or}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (d)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \tab it may make any order with respect to the suspended sentence,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 and a court shall make an order under paragraph (a) unless the court is of opinion that it would be . unjust to do}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 so in view of all}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the circumstances which have arisen since the suspended sentence was passed, including the facts of the subsequ ent offence and, where it is of that opinion, the court shall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 state}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 its}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 reasons}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 ."}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (My underlining) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Haroon Khan v The State}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (supra), Fatiaki J found that the conviction for the subsequent offence, and the activation of the suspended sentence took place outside the operational period.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 His Lordship said at page 6:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Section 30(1) however, makes it clear beyond any doubt that it is the subsequent conviction of the offender for an imprisonable offence and not its commission alone,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 that is the critical pre-requisite in the exercise of the court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 power}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 } {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 activate}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 suspended sentence,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 so}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 that,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 absence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a conviction such as might occur under section 44}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Penal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Code,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 activation}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 a suspended sentence would not be possible." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par His Lordship said that a contrary view would result in grave injustice to the offender because it would serve to suspend the operational period indefinitely. \par \par Section 30 of the Penal Code, is identical to {\*\bkmkstart s23_Powers_Crm_UK_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}section 23(1) {\*\bkmkend s23_Powers_Crm_UK_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}of the Powers of Criminal Courts Act 1973 (U.K.).}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 That section also provides that where an offender is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 convicted of an offence committed during the operational period of a suspended sentence", the suspended term may be activated. \par \par Dr D.A. Thomas in his "Principles of Sentencing" 2nd Ed. at page 248, says this of the power to activate:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The power to deal with the offender in respect of a suspended sentence arises where he is }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 convicted of an offence punishable with imprisonment committed during the operational period of a suspended sentence.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 ' }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Where the offender is convicted during the operational period of an offence committed before the imposition of the suspended sentence, there is no power to enforce sentence, but}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the sentence may}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 be}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 enforced}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 where}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 offender}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 is convicted}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 after}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 expiration}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the operational period of an offence committed during the operational period."}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (My emphasis)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li640\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin640\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Archbold (2000 Edition at 5-203) agrees.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 It states:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li748\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin748\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 "The power to activate a suspended}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 sentence arises when the offender is convicted of an offence punishable with imprisonment committed in Great Britain during the operational period of the sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 It is not necessary that the conviction take place during the operational period,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 but there must be a conviction." }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (my emphasis) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par This interpretation would appear to be consistent with the ethos of the suspended sentence, which is to ensure good behaviour for the duration of the operational period.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The question of the time of the conviction for the subsequent offence is therefore irrelevant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The most common use of the suspended sentence, is for the sentencing of an offender of previous good character who has committed a serious offence, under circumstances of substantial mitigation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 It may also be imposed where unusual circumstances justify a departure from a normal sentence. }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart R_v_Okinikan_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}R v Okinikan}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkend R_v_Okinikan_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}(1992) 14 Cr. App. R(s) 453.) \par \par In the United Kingdo m, the Powers of Criminal Courts Act 1973 has been amended by the Criminal Justice Act 1991, which limits the use of the suspended sentence to cases where a custodial term would normally be appropriate, and where there are exceptional circumstances of the case. \par \par However, the principles of activation of the suspended sentence remain the same. \par \par In the looseleaf "Current Sentencing Principles" (Part A13 1A01), Dr Thomas says:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 "It is not necessary for the conviction to occur during the operational period, but the court activating the sentence may make some allowance}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 where}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 latter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 offence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 is committed close}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 expiration of}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the operational period." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart R_v_Carr_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}R \endash v- Carr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkend R_v_Carr_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State} (1979) 1 Cr. App. R(s) 53, the Appellant was sentenced to 12 months imprisonment, suspended for two years, for offences of dishonesty. About 22 months later he committed several offences of handl ing stolen goods, and was sentenced to two years immediate imprisonment, with full activation of the suspended sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The latter conviction was entered }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 after}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 the end of the operational period.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Court of Criminal Appeal held (per Wien J) that becaus e a good deal of the operational period had expired when the offender had committed the latter offences, the activated suspended sentence should be ordered to run concurrently rather than consecutively. \par \par In}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart R_v_Fitton_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}R \endash v- Fitton}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkend R_v_Fitton_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}(1989) 11 Cr. App. R(s) 350 Otton J said:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417\charrsid4325417 \par }\pard \ql \li748\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin748\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 "Parliament intended that a suspended sentence should normally have effect that if a further offence is committed during the operational period, then the whole of the suspended term will be activated.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The reason is obvious: the longer the period has been in operation, the more likely that the resolution of a person who is minded to revert to previous criminal activity may weaken and he must expect the full}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 sentence to come}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 into}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 effect}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 if he commits further crime." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4325417 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkstart R_v_Taylor_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State}R v Taylor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 {\*\bkmkend R_v_Taylor_Eloni_Goneyali_v_State} (1975) Crim.L.R.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 113 the Appellant was convicted of two c ounts of cruelty to his infant son, and was sentenced to 18 months imprisonment, and 18 months imprisonment to be served consecutively for offences of burglary for which the Appellant had been put on probation.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Court of Criminal Appeal held that the p utting into effect of a suspended sentence was not itself a sentence because the sentence was passed when it was originally imposed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 A probation order, by comparison, was made when the offender was subsequently dealt with. \par \par These cases, are based on the premise that it is the offending that must take place within the operational period, and the imposition, and not the activation, of the suspended sentence which is the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 sentence."}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The date of the conviction of the latter offence, and of the }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 enforcement}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 of the suspended sentence, does not need to fall within the operational period.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 For these reasons, I respectfully differ from the decision of Fatiaki J in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Haroon Khan v The State}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 (supra).}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 I therefore find that the learned Magistrate had the power to activate the Appellant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 s suspended sentence, although the operational period had expired, for the latter offence which was committed within the operational period. \par \par Turning next to the ground that the sentence passed was excessive, I consider that the suspended sentence on File HAA044 of 2001 to be right in principle.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The Appellant had one previous conviction for Drunk and Disorderly.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The offence was a serious one, but the circumstances justified the imposition of a suspended sentence. \par \par In respect of File No. HAA045/2001, a sentence of 18 months imprisonment for the offence of Robbery with Violence, was not manifestly excessive, nor wrong in principle.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 The facts of the case show that the Appellant attacked a 63 year old taxi driver and stole $6.00 from him.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Given the tariff for Robbery with Violence offences, this is not an excessive or unprincipled sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Nor is the total term of 2 years imprisonment disproportionate to the offending, on the totality principle. \par \par For these reasons, this appeal is dismissed. \par \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Appeal}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4325417 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 dismissed. \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1649514\charrsid4325417 Shayne Sorby}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid4325417 \par }}