{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f180\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}CG Times{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f182\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f183\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f185\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f186\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f187\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f188\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f189\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f190\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;
\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \styrsid11302488 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\f180\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \styrsid11302488 Body Text;}{\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext16 \styrsid11302488 header;}{\*\cs17 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid11302488 page number;}}{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax156\lsdlockeddef0}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid811014\rsid862776\rsid933470
\rsid1009808\rsid1079366\rsid1275895\rsid1598413\rsid1972231\rsid2193419\rsid2309175\rsid2371452\rsid2504626\rsid2506087\rsid3176464\rsid3422714\rsid3810279\rsid3822112\rsid3831056\rsid4160285\rsid4329331\rsid4331392\rsid4594149\rsid4744076\rsid4815830
\rsid4855016\rsid4931203\rsid5052173\rsid5062183\rsid5123780\rsid5592493\rsid5643559\rsid5715529\rsid6060947\rsid6160848\rsid6514138\rsid6782860\rsid6953338\rsid7213564\rsid7366506\rsid7483118\rsid7958375\rsid8016262\rsid8083724\rsid8270074\rsid8524331
\rsid8598875\rsid8790013\rsid8866877\rsid9189166\rsid9452663\rsid9455426\rsid9568787\rsid9776131\rsid10355983\rsid10498581\rsid10712439\rsid10749241\rsid11014019\rsid11292607\rsid11302488\rsid11355540\rsid11404427\rsid11880640\rsid11928628\rsid12063525
\rsid12081942\rsid12211158\rsid12921552\rsid12931985\rsid12983114\rsid13198352\rsid13566247\rsid14055906\rsid14105686\rsid14108652\rsid14496123\rsid14510136\rsid14646804\rsid14695321\rsid14967201\rsid15032169\rsid15090511\rsid15159555\rsid15297671
\rsid15405516\rsid15541791\rsid15560408\rsid15864576\rsid15945946\rsid16592213\rsid16597937\rsid16671932}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title \'93this is a quote, has said, of me saying \'91this is a quote\'92\'94}{\author raikatalau_l}
{\operator ruddley_e}{\creatim\yr2011\mo6\dy16\hr13\min37}{\revtim\yr2011\mo6\dy17\hr13\min36}{\version3}{\edmins21}{\nofpages6}{\nofwords2185}{\nofchars12455}{\*\company Pacific Legal Information Institue}{\nofcharsws14611}{\vern24689}}
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1008\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot11302488\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid14646804 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid14646804 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid14646804 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid14646804 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw15\brsp20 \tqc\tx3553\tqr\tx7293\tqr\tx8789\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15090511 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs16\insrsid4594149\charrsid1275895 \tab State v Permanent Secretary, Lands & Mineral Resources & }{\fs16\insrsid4594149 Anor.}{\fs16\insrsid4594149\charrsid933470 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {
\cs17\fs16\insrsid4594149\charrsid933470  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs17\fs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid9568787 6}}}{\cs17\fs16\insrsid4594149\charrsid933470 
\par }\pard \s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1275895 {\fs16\insrsid4594149\charrsid1275895 ex parte Timote Tokoara Rupeni}{\fs16\insrsid4594149  (HC)
\par }{\insrsid4594149 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 {\*\bkmkstart State_v_PS_LMRS_PSC_exparte_Timote_Tokoa}
STATE v PERMANENT SECRETARY LANDS & MINERAL RESOURCES & SECRETARY PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 ex parte Timote }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 okoara Rupeni
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 {\*\bkmkend State_v_PS_LMRS_PSC_exparte_Timote_Tokoa}
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 High Court Judicial Review Jurisdiction
\par 30 March, 3 May 2001 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab HBJ 28/00S
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Judicial Review \endash  whether termination of contract of service a breach of rules of natural justice, was unreasonable and in breach of the terms of the }{
\i\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 pplicant}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s contract \endash  1990 Constitution \endash  1997 Constitution s140; Public Service Decree 1990; Public Service Commission (Constitution) Regulations 1990;
 Public Service Act 8/99 ss6 & 7; Public Service (General) Regulations 1999 (LN 48/99) regs 7, 22 & 37; High Court Rules O.53 r.3(9) 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par The }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
pplicant was appointed permanent secretary of Ministry of Lands and Mineral Resources and recruited 15 staff, including 4 consultants. On the basis of an unsigned letter, the Second Respondent conducted investigations, alleging n
epotism in the manner of appointments, and failure to follow proper procedures in recruiting staff, in that the positions were not advertised and PSC approval was not obtained. The }{
\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 pplicant claimed 4 consultants were temporary appointees, and the rest wer
e necessary appointments to produce the desired goals, that he was not required to follow established procedures.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
The Second Respondent found a breach of public service rules and regulations and granted the }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
pplicant an opportunity to resign. When he did not resign, the Second Respondent terminated his contract of service.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 The }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
pplicant sought judicial review against the Second Respondent on the grounds of breach of natural justice, the termination was unreasonable and in breach of the terms of his contract. He did not complain against the First Respondent
. The Court drew a distinction between the types of employees governed by the law \endash  permanent officers who may be terminated for disciplinary reasons for breach of the Public Service Code of Conduct, and 
contractual officers whose employment is terminated by operation of their contract. 
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Held - }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (1)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 In a contractual situation such as here, the requirements of good faith and fairness did not require compliance with any particular procedure so long as natural justice was observed. By 
Public Service (General) Regulations 1999 the disciplinary procedure designed for permanent officers was replaced by a requirement of natural justice, thus where the PSC, after due and sufficient enquiries concludes honestly and 
reasonably that a contract officer breached one or more of the specific terms of contract and the duties of trust and confidence, and where it takes an honest and reasonable view that termination should be invoked then there is no breach of contract. 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (2) Disclosure of an investigator}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s report was not necessary since the }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
pplicant did not dispute its principal conclusions but instead offered a justification which was rejected by the Second Respondent.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (3) Whether termination was unreasonable must be judged 
against the background of the principles set out in the Constitution section 140 - Recruitment and promotion policy in the public service, and by the Public Service Code of Conduct set out in the Public Service Act 1999 section 6. Here, the }{
\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 pplicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s man
ner of recruiting the 15 or 16 new staff was quite incompatible with the principles set out in the Constitution, in the Code of Conduct and with General Orders. It also breached the practice and procedure guidelines developed by the PSC for recruitment, t
hus termination was reasonable.
\par 
\par The Second Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s termination of the }{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 pplicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s contract was reasonable.
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par Case referred to in Judgment
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Manunivavalagi Korovulavula v PSC}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 F
CA Reps 95/415
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Apisalome Matebalavu for the }{\i\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 a}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
pplicant
\par William Callanchini for the Respondents
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 3 May,}{\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  2001 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{
\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 judgment
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Scott, J}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 \f180\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 JUDGMENT}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 This application for judicial review proceeds under the shortened procedure governed by Order 53 r 3(9) with the agreement of the parties.
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Altogether 7 affidavits were filed:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (i)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, in support, 4 August 00;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (ii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Savenaca Kaunisela, in opposition, 20 October 00;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, in answer, 31 October 00;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (iv)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Malakai Nawaqaliva, 13 February 01;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (v)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Savenaca Kaunisela, 15 February 01;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (vi)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, in answer to Malakai Nawaqaliva, 19 March 01;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (vii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, in answer to Savenaca Kaunisela}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s second affidavit, 19 March 01.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par Counsel also filed written submissions:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (i)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, 20 December 00;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (ii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Respondents, 22 January 01;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Respondents; 26 February 01;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (iv)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Applicant, 19 March 01.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par On 4 May 1998 the Applicant and the Second Respondent entered into a contract of employment whereby the Applicant was appointed Permanent Sec
retary in the Ministry of Lands and Mineral Resources for a period of 3 years. A copy of the contract is Exhibit TTR1 to the first affidavit.
\par 
\par On 25 June 1999 the Second Respondent (the PSC) received an unsigned letter from anonymous members of Lands Department Management staff. A copy of the letter is Exhibit TTR2. The letter stated that the Applicant had }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 totally abused his office}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  by, among other things, appointing 15 new members of staff to the Ministry, including 4 consultants, each of whom was either
 a past employee of a private firm previously run by the Applicant or was a relative or was a family friend. In no case, it was alleged, had applicable PSC procedures for the recruitment of new staff been followed.
\par 
\par On 13 July 1999 the PSC wrote to the Applicant advising him that Mr. Luke Rokovada, the Permanent Secretary for Health, had been appointed to investigate the allegations (Exhibit TTR 3).
\par 
\par On 15 July 1999 (Exhibit TTR 4) the Applicant wrote to Mr. Rokovada
. He offered a detailed explanation and justification for each of the appointments made. He pointed out that with the exception of the consultants the other staff were all temporary appointees. The consultants had been given 12 months contracts but the Ap
p
licant claimed that he had been advised by his Chief Assistant Secretary that he had the power to offer such contracts without the need to refer to the PSC. The letter of 15 July did not directly address the question of nepotism but in paragraph 16 (6) of
 his first affidavit the applicant deposed:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
that I thought it unnecessary to advertise the positions in question because I considered it necessary to employ only individuals who I could rely on to produce the desired goals}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 On 10 April 00 the PSC again wrote to the Applicant. It advised him (Exhibit TTR 5) that Luke Rokovada had completed his investigations and had concluded:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 (i) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
that (on his own admission) the Applicant had recruited 16 new staff. Of these 2 were related to him, 5 were former employees of Rupeni Consultants and 9 were persons already known to the Applicant; and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 (v)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 that (on his own admission) no proper procedures were followed when recruiting these staff. In particular the positions were 
not advertised and no interviews were held. The approval of the PSC was not obtained.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par The PSC went on to advise the Applicant that it had accepted Mr. Rokovada}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s findings and that it had decided that the Applicant was in breach of his contract of service. The PSC gave the Applicant an opportunity to make representations before a decision on his future was taken.
\par 
\par On 17 April 00 the Applicant replied. A copy of his letter is Exhibit B to Savenaca Kaunisela}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s first affidavit. The Applicant accepted that he
 had employed relatives, friends and former employees but repeated that he had recruited these persons because he knew them to be workers of quality. The Applicant also accepted that the recruitment procedures were in breach of the requirements but stated
 at the time he honestly believed that he was not required to follow the established procedures.
\par 
\par On 1 May 00 the Applicant made further oral representations to the PSC. 
\par 
\par On 2 May the PSC advised the Applicant that it had reached the conclusion that he had }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
committed a serious breach of the Public Service rules and regulations}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
. It had decided to give the Applicant an opportunity to resign. Failing resignation the PSC proposed to terminate the contract by invoking paragraph 6 (b) on the agreement (Exhibit TTR 6).
\par 
\par The Applicant did not resign and on 5 May 00 the PSC, acting under paragraph 6 (b) terminated the contract by paying the Applicant one month}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s salary in lieu of notice (Exhibit TTR 7).
\par 
\par These proceedings for judicial review were initiated on 4 
August 00. As will be seen from paragraph 20 of the O.53 statement the Applicant says that the termination of his contract was in breach of the rules of natural justice, was unreasonable and was in breach of the terms of his contract. The Applicant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s conte
ntions were expounded in detail in the two written submissions filed on his behalf. It will be convenient to consider the 3 main grounds of complaint one by one.
\par \~
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Natural Justice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par It needs to be appreciated that when the Applicant was appointed in May 1998
 the principal applicable legislation was still the 1990 Constitution, the Public Service Decree 1990 and the Public Service Commission (Constitution) Regulations 1990. The requirement that the Applicant conform to the existing law was contained in paragr
aph 2 (d) of the contract.
\par \~
\par By May 2000 the 1990 Constitution had been replaced by the 1997 Constitution, the Decree by the {\*\bkmkstart PSA_8_1999_Prasad_v_Republic_2}Public Service Act 8 of 1999 {\*\bkmkend PSA_8_1999_Prasad_v_Republic_2}and the Regulations by the 
{\*\bkmkstart PS_General_Regs_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}Public Service (General) Regulations 1999 (LN 48/99).{\*\bkmkend PS_General_Regs_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}
\par \~
\par Whichever of these provisions applied there was a requirement for natural justice to be observed in disciplinary proceedings, either under the common law or by virtue of {\*\bkmkstart PS_General_R22_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}Regulation 22 
{\*\bkmkend PS_General_R22_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}of the 1999 Regulations.
\par \~
\par Mr. Matebalavu submitted on pages 8, 9 and 10 of his first written submission that the PSC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s failure to follow 
the disciplinary procedure set out in the Public Service (Constitution) Regulations 1990 (which he says were probably still applicable given {\*\bkmkstart PS_General_R37_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}Regulation 37 
{\*\bkmkend PS_General_R37_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}of the 1999 Regulations) amounted to a breach of the rules of natural justice. I do not agree.
\par \~
\par Mr. Matebalavu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s argument appears to be based on the assumption that the procedure applicable to the termination of the Applicant}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s employme
nt with the Fiji Government was the same, or broadly the same as that of any other civil servant. There is, however, a fundamental difference between the two types of employee, the permanent and the contractual. The employment of a permanent officer may o
nly be terminated (apart from age and ill health) for disciplinary reasons, such reasons now being reduced to a breach of the Public Service Code of Conduct (see {\*\bkmkstart PSA_8_1999_6_Prasad_v_Republic_2}sections 6 
{\*\bkmkend PSA_8_1999_6_Prasad_v_Republic_2}& {\*\bkmkstart PSA_8_1999_7_Prasad_v_Republic_2}7 {\*\bkmkend PSA_8_1999_7_Prasad_v_Republic_2}
of the Public Service Act 1999 and Regulation 22 of the 1999 Regulations). An employee however whose terms of service are governed by a contract (1999 Regulations \endash  {\*\bkmkstart PS_General_R7_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}Regulation 7
{\*\bkmkend PS_General_R7_LN48_99_Prasad_v_Rep_2}) may have his employment terminated merely by operation of the contract.
\par \~
\par The Applicant complains that he was never formally charged with disciplinary offences, and that he was never given a copy of Mr. Luke Rokovada}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s report. He says that Mr. Rokovada should not have been appointed on his own to investigate. Had it been the case that the Applicant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s employment could only be terminated by a clearly defined disciplinary process then I might agree that that process h
ad been breached. In the present case however the PSC had the contractual right embodied in {\*\bkmkstart PSA_8_1999_6b_Prasad_v_Republic_2}Section 6 (b){\*\bkmkend PSA_8_1999_6b_Prasad_v_Republic_2}
 to terminate the contract. Although that right has to be exercised }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 in good faith in
 accordance with the general purposes of (the Public Service Act) for the public good}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787\charrsid9568787 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  (see }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 {\*\bkmkstart Manunivavalagi_v_PSC_v_PSC_State}Manunivavalagi Korovulavula v PSC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787  
{\*\bkmkend Manunivavalagi_v_PSC_v_PSC_State}FCA Reps 1995/415, 433) and a
s such must be exercised fairly, in my judgment the requirements of good faith and fairness did not require compliance with any particular procedure so long as the main principles involved in the concept of natural justice were observed. In the present ca
se I am satisfied that they were. In particular I am of the view that disclosure of Mr. Rokovada}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s report was not necessary since the Applicant did not dispute its principal conclusions but instead offered a justification for his actions, a justification which was rejected by the PSC.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Reasonableness}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par Whether or not the PSC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s decision to terminate the Applicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s contract (}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
 it must once again be emphasised, to discipline him, a confusion which must be borne in mind when reading the Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s written submission filed on 22 January 01) by invoking clause 6 (b) was unreasonable must be judged against the background of the principles set out in Section 140 of the 1997 Constitution \endash 
 recruitment and promotion policy in the public service, and by the Public Service Code of Conduct set out in Section 6 of the Public Service Act 1999.
\par 
\par Viewed in this way I have no doubt at all that the decision to dispense with the Applicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s services was entirely reasonable. There can be no doubt that the Applicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s manner o
f recruiting the 15 or 16 new staff was quite incompatible with the principles set out in the Constitution, in the Code of Conduct and with General Orders. It also breached the practice and procedure guidelines developed by the PSC for recruitment (see Ex
hibits A and D to Malakai Nawaqaliva}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s affidavit). The attempt to blame a more junior officer was also in my view deservedly unsuccessful. Whether or not the Court would have acted as the PSC did is not the question. For the Applicant to succeed he would have to show that the PSC}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 s decision was quite unreasonable. That, in my judgment, he has failed to do.
\par \~
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Breach of Contract}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par Mr. Matebalavu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9568787 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
s submission was that the Contract had been breached since the PSC did not strictly follow the disciplinary procedure 
set out in the PSC (Constitution) Regulations 1990. For reasons which I have already given I do not think that clause 6 (b) of the Contract could only properly be invoked after following a disciplinary procedure designed for permanent public servants, a p
rocedure which, as already noted, in any event been replaced by a general requirement for natural justice.
\par \~
\par Where the PSC, after due and sufficient enquiries comes to the honest and reasonable conclusion that a contract officer has breached one or more of 
the specific terms of the contract and the duties of confidence and trust placed in him and where it takes the honest and reasonable view that a contractual termination clause should therefore be invoked for the good of the public service then no breach o
f contract occurs.
\par \~
\par In all the circumstances I can find no fault with the decision taken by the PSC or the manner in which the decision was reached. No complaint has been offered against the First Respondent. The application for Judicial Review fails and is dismissed.
\par 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Application for judicial review refused.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11302488\charrsid9568787 Marie Chan
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9568787 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid9568787 
\par }}