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KWON \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7100325 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid7100325 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3673771 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid7100325 v \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7100325 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid7100325 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3673771 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 SUVA CITY COUNCIL (No. 2) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1526280 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1797391 High Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9650715 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 Shameem J \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12000312 27 December 2000 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 HAA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3876938 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 08}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9650715 1/00S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 Stay of sentence pending appeal - whether appeal will be rendered nugatory if stay not gr}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6448089 anted - whether appellant will b}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 e ruined by execution of judgment pending appeal - balance of convenience}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12000312 test - Town Planning Act ss27(1}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 )(b), 27(5) \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771\charrsid10370372 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 The appellant sought a stay of the sentence imposed by the Magistrates Court upon a conviction for a breach of sections 27(1)(b) and 27(5) of the Town Planning Act. The learned appellate Judge discussed at length the principles governing a stay application. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 HELD}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 - The appellant will be far more prejudiced than the respondent should stay of sentence is not granted pending appeal. Therefore the application for stay pending appeal is granted. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 Cases referred to in Judgment: \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid12000312 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3157014 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid12000312 ll }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid10370372 Reddy Enterprises Ltd. v Governor of the Reserve Bank}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid12000312 37 FLR 73 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid12000312 appl }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid10370372 Re Attorney-General of Manitoba}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid12000312 (1987) 38 DLR (4}{\fs18\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid12000312 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid12000312 Ed) 321 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid9535475 T}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10370372\charrsid9535475 amara Jayatilleke far appellant}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771\charrsid9535475 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid9535475 Rajesh Gopal for respondent \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3673771 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 27 December 2000.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3876938 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7100325 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1526280 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid3673771 Shameem, J. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 This is an application for stay of sentence pending appeal to the Court of Appeal. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 On 8th August 2000, the Appellant B.R. Kwon, was convicted of Act in Contravention of Town Planning S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12000312 cheme contrary to section 27(1)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 (b) and 27(5) of the Town Planning Act. The Suva Magistrates Court found that the Appellant on the 14th of October 1999, having been served with a notice by the Suva City Council to stop using land within a Commercial "B" zone, for industrial purposes, that is for his motor repair business cont inued to so use the land. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 The Appellant was sentenced on "formal proo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7093142\charrsid1526280 f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12351039 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 to $400.00 and 4 months imprisonment in default of the fine. Costs of $50 were ordered, and the Appellant was ordered to cease contravention of the Town Planning Scheme within 28 days. \par \par The Appellant appealed against the conviction and sentence on the grounds that the summons had not been personally served, that the evidence on formal proof was insufficient to convict, and that the Learned Magistrate erred in failing to give a time limi t to pay the fine and costs. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 The appeal was partially successful in that the sentence was varied to impose a time limit for the payment of fine and costs. However the other grounds were dismissed. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 The Appellant now appeals to the Court of Appeal on the ground that service of the summons was defective. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 Section 22(1) of the Court of Appeal Act, Cap 12, gives to the Appellant an unrestricted right of appeal from an appellate decision of the High Court, on a question of law alone. The question is whether sentence should now be stayed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771\charrsid1526280 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 Counsel for the Appellant relied on the affidavit of B.R. Kwon sworn on 15th November 2000. The affidavit set out the history of the case, but fails to set out the reasons for stay to be granted. It does not say how B.R. Kwon will be affected if stay is not granted, whether he has any other businesses, whether there will be persons unemployed as a result of the sentence and whether he might be "ruined" if th e business is closed down.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771\charrsid1526280 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 However counsel submitted that if the business was to be closed down, the appeal would be rendered nugatory and B.R. Kwon would be ruined. She also said that there were good prospects of the appeal succeeding. \par \par Counsel for the Re spondent opposed the application saying that there was no evidence of any hardship to the Appellant if he stopped operations, and paid the fine. He said that the fine could be repaid if the Appellant succeeded in his appeal, and he could resume business. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3673771 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 The principles governing a stay application are well-settled. The successful party should not be deprived of the fruits of his judgment, unless the appeal will be rendered nugatory if the stay is not granted, or the Appellant would be ruined by execution of the judgment pending appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13067293 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 In the oft-cited case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 Reddy Enterprises}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid7100325 Ltd. -v- The Governor of the}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7093142\charrsid7100325 }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 Reserve Bank}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 37 FLR 73, Tikaram J}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 A said at page 87:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid1526280 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9065399 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 "The test here is a determination of which of the two parties will suffer greater harm from granting or refusal of an interim stay pending a determination of the appeal on merits. A balancing of conflicting considerations is required, between the underlying p rinciple that a litigant is entitled to the fruits of his judgment forthwith and the obvious injustice in refusing a stay where such a refusal will render the appeal nug}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8076543 atory or substantially nugatory. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 " \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1526280 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8076543 His Lordship referred to,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 with approval, the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 Re Attorney-General of Manitoba}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12000312 (1987) 38 D}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 LR (4th Ed) 3}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 21, which was that where an inj}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 unction might possibly prejudice a public office, then the publ}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 ic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 interest is a relevant factor in deciding on the application. \par \par Tikaram J.A. said in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 Reddy}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 '}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid7100325 s Enterprises}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 (supra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 ) that the principles relevant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 stay, and to injunctions, on the question of the balance of convenience were comparable. \par \par It is to be deprecated that the Appellant's affidavit is so sparse, in respect of prejudice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 suffered on execution of the j}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 udgment. However the Respondent has not filed any affidavit at all setting out how the Suva City Council's operations}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 might be prejudiced if the Appellant's business was not closed down. I decline to accept counsel's submissions from the bar table that the Appellant has no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 other business, and that he will}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 lose his livelihood, if the sentence is not stayed. Such information should have been properly adduced in affidavit form. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065399 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 Looking therefore at the evidence which is before me, the Appellant will be forced to close his motor repair business at 406 Fletcher Road}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 , Vat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 uwaga, unless a stay is granted. He will also have to pay $400 fine and $50.00 costs. The Suva City Council has not provided any evidence of prejudice to its operati ons if the business continues. I am not told whether other businesses in the area might be affected, or if its }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8208986 l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 aw enforcement work might be hampered if a stay is granted. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7100325 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1526280 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 On the question of the balance of convenience therefore , it seems that far more prejudice will be sustained by the Appellant pending appeal than to the Respondent.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 On this ground therefore a stay of execution of sentence is granted, pending}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7093142\charrsid1526280 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 the hearing of the appeal by the Court of Appeal. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7100325 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14945326 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 Stay of execution of }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid9065399 sent}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065399 ence granted pending hearing of }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid9065399 appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid1526280 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4548972 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7100325\charrsid14945326 Mereseini R Vuniwaq}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1526280\charrsid14945326 a \par }}