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parte}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3221695\charrsid3221695 Dee Cees Bus Service Limited,}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3740613 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15081152 Central Transport Co. Limited, \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3221695\charrsid3221695 Island Buses }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15081152 L}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3221695\charrsid3221695 imited & George Transport Limited \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3221695 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 High Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3740613 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 Judicial Review Jurisdiction}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9571647 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Scott, J \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 10 January, 2000}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9571647 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 HBJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 22}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 / }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15081152 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3221695 8S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Judicial Review}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 - whether tribunal biased against applicants -}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15081152 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 whether tribunal failed to have proper regard for facts - purpose of a administrative tribunal giving reason}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4537439 s discussed - High Court Rules O}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 . 53; Traffic Act (Cap 176) s66(2) \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par The respondent granted a 10 year licence to the interested party to run a route between Waidranu Street and the Suva bus stand. The four applicants serviced various parts of the route and challenged the award to the interested party on the grounds that the respondent was biased against the applicants, failed to have proper regard for the facts and matters included in section 66(2) of the Traffic Act and failed to give proper reasons for its decisions. The Court found that the respondent's reasons were given by letter and minutes of private deliberations following a public meeting. It found that there may have been other failures of the respondent in the past but the present proceedings were conducted in public and well documented. \par \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Held}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 - (1) The need for reasons is, firstly, to reassure the parties, and secondly, to enable a court to e xamine whether the procedure by which the decision was reached was satisfactory;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2755860\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (2) applying the test for bias of whether there was a real likelihood of bias, there was no bias where the respondent conducted its proceedings in public, deliberations were minuted and reasons were clear and cogent; \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2755860 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (3) the respondent discharged its statutory duties under the Traffic Act in an exemplary fashion. \par \par All three grounds in the motion for judicial review fail.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid4154272 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 Cases referred to in judgment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 appl }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 State v TCB ex parte S. Nair Transport}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 [1996] HBJ}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 0020}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 96S}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par appl }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Akbar Buses v TCB and Fiji Transport}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13961164 Co}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13961164 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 [1984] 9/84 judgment of 27 July 1984 (FCA Reps 84/40) \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 fol}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 l }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 State v TCB ex part}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 e Peni Co Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2755860 (HBJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 22}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3609728 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13185373 4S}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ) \par ref }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 R v Lancashire C.C. ex par}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 t}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 e Huddleston}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 [1986] 2 All ER 941 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 fol}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 l }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Pacific Transport v Mohammed Jalil Khan & Transport Control Board}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ABU0021}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636235 /}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14958571 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 6S \par a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 ppl }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2755860 K}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid6641273 .R. Latchan Bros. Ltd & V}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 at}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid6641273 ukoula Express Service v Sunbeam}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14701496 :}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Transport Co Limited, Pacific Transport Limited and Transport Control Board}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 unrep Ci}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2576602 vil Appeal Nos. 45, 51, 57 & 61/83 FCA Reps 84/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 261 \par ref }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Ganga Ram v Reg}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459108 FCA Reps 84}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 /}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636235 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 93 \par appl }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Minister of}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 162 CLR 24 at 40 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 fo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ll }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459108 Bel}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 lenden v Satterthwaite}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 1948] 1 All ER 343, 345}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 foll }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 R v Cambridge C}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459108 .}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 C}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636235 .}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 ex pa}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 rt}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 e }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636235 H}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 agi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 (1980) 144 JPR 145}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 foll }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Norbis v Norbis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (1986) 60 ALJR 335 \par \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164\charrsid3740613 Mehboob Raza for the applicants}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid3740613 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid3740613 Iniasi}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164\charrsid3740613 Vodo Tuberi for the respondent}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid3740613 \par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid3740613 Ramesh Prakash for the interested party, Nadera Transport Ltd \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9636235 0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 January, 2000.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6753988 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6641273 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid6641273 Scott, J \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6641273\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 On 9 July 1998 the Respondent (TCB) granted the Interested Party (Nadera) a 10 year licence to operate a new bus service to and from Waidranu Street and the Suva Bus Stand. The 4 Applicants are bus companies which already operated to a greater or lesser degree over par ts of the route awarded to Nadera. \par \par These proceedings for Judicial Review were commenced on 23 September 1998 but the papers were not filed until 30 June 1999 shortly before I proceeded on long leave. For these reasons delivery of this judgement has been de layed beyond the Court's normal time frame. \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid9372989 The following affidavits were filed: \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid9372989 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid9372989 (i) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid9372989 Dewan Chand & Others, for the Applicants, filed 23 September 1998;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (ii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Ganeshwar Chandra Naidu, for the TCB, in answer, filed 1 December 1998;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Subash Ravindra for Nadera, filed 15 December 1998; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (iv)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Ravishwar Chandra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 , for the Applicants, filed 17 M}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 arch 1999. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 \par The following writt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15466930 en submissions were also filed:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 (i) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Mr. Raza for t}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 he Applicants, 9 November 1998; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (ii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Mr. Raza, for the Applicants, 26 March 1999;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Mr. Tuberi for the Respondent, 8 April 1999;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (iv)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Mr. Prakash, for Nadera, 30 June 1999.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The grounds of complaint advanced by the Applicants are seven-}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 fold and}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 are set out in paragraphs (b)(i) to (vii) on page 3 of the Order 53 Statement. Tak}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189 i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ng into accou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15466930 nt the provisions of Section 66}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (2) of the Traffic Act (Cap 176) the grounds may conveniently be reformulated as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15084415 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid15084415 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 i) }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 the TCB was biased against the Applicants;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (ii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 it failed to have proper regard for the facts and mat}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15466930 ters included in Section 66}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (2); and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961164 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (iii)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 it failed to give proper reasons for its decision.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 These grounds will be taken in the order (iii), (i) and (ii).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The reasons for the TCB's decision are to be found in two places. The}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 first is a letter dated 2 September 1998 wh ich is copied as Exhibit 1 to Mr. Naidu's affidavit. The second is a copy of the minutes of the private deliberations of the TCB following the public meeting held at Valelevu on 9 July 1998, a copy of which is to be found on pages 27 to 30 of Exhibit A to Mr. Naidu's affidavit. The same exhibit contains the record of the public proceedings, together with a related application by another bus company, at pages 10 to 23.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The matter of giving reasons for decisions has frequently been considered by the Courts not only overseas but also in Fiji. In }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13989025 The State v. TCB ex parte S. Nair Transport}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 (HBJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 0020}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9902284 .19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688299 96S) I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 explained that the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13989025 Akbar Buses v. TCB}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13057829 (FCA Reps 84/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 40) had recommended the TCB to give at least brief }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10563869 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 easons for all its decision. In }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13989025 State v. TCB ex parte Peni Co Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 . (HBJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9902284 00}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 22}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9902284 .19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 94S) }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid15466930 I cited }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid5136706 R}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5136706 v Lancashire C.C. ex parte Huddleston}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 1986] 2 All ER 941 in support of the proposition that where an administrative tribunal had failed even to give brief reasons for i ts decision it should always furnish an explanation for its decision when filing its affidavit in answer in the Judicial Review proceedings. The decision in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid15466930 Akbar}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 has again been re-emphasised by the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13989025 Pacific Transport v. Khan}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 (ABU}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9902284 00}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8790415 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 1}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9902284 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6688299 19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8790415 96}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ). Obviously, the better course is to deliver reasons at the time that the decision is delivered; this may have the consequence of avoiding Judicial Review proceedings altogether.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The purpose of formulating reasons is to prevent an administrative tr ibunal from reaching an unreasoned or arbitrary conclusion. The purpose of publishing the reasons is to explain to the parties and if necessary to the Courts how the decision was reached. The need for the explanation to be available is two-fold: first, to reassure the parties and second, to enable the Court to examine whether the procedure by which the decision was reached was satisfactory. In Judicial Review proceedings the Court is not interested in the conclusion reached as such, it is concerned with th e way in which it was reached. Where the reasons for the decision are revealed to the Court to such a degree that the Court is generally able to discern the reasoning which led to the decision then it will not interfere on the ground of want of or deficien t reasons with that decision unless the reasoning is so defective that the result is that the decision is wholly unreasonable and this is so whether or not the reasons are provided before or after the judicial review proceedings have been commenced. In oth er words failing to provide proper reasons can only be a ground for Judicial Review if the reasons in fact provided do not enable the Court to discern the general process of reasoning by which the decision was reached.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 In my view the two sources of explana tion offered by the TCB for its decision together perfectly adequately explain the way in which the TCB approached the matter before it. This ground fails.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The second allegation in one of bias and Mr. Raza's submission under t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13720150 his head may be found on the 4}{ \fs18\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid13720150\charrsid3609728 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13720150 page of his w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ritten submission. He suggested that the TCB conducted the proceedings unfairly and in support of this submission he pointed to paragraph 44 of the Applicant's supporting affidavit filed on 23}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 September 1998. Paragraph 44 has 9 sub-paragra phs; the first 7 consist of a number of allegations of misconduct, all traversed by Mr. Naidu, which are said to have occurred during 1996, 1997 and April 1998, that is, well before the proceedings and decision of the TCB which is now sought to impugn. Th ere is no evidence to support the 8}{\fs18\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid660088\charrsid3740613 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid660088 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 while the 9}{ \fs18\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid3740613 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15466930 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 is a repetition of ground (iii) shortly to be dealt with.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 An allegation of bias is serious, amounting at it does to an allegation of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid15466930 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 ereliction of d uty at least and dishonesty at most. In my experience such allegations are far too frequently made in Fiji and only seldom meet with success. The test for bias was explained by the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 Lat}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid5770576 c}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 han}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid15084415 }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid660088 Brothers Ltd v. Sunbeam Transport}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (FCA Reps 84}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770576 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 261) (and see also }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid660088 Ganga Ram v. Reg}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 FCA Reps 84}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5770576 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 193) as follows:}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15084415\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 "would the circumstances cause a reasonable onlooker to think there was a real likelihood of bias, that is, not proof of same but a reasonable suspicion?"}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 As pointed out by Mr . Prakash, the TCB as constituted in this matter was quite differently constituted from the board which had earlier made a similar award to Nadera which was successfully challenged on the ground that the TCB then failed to give any reasons. The present pr oceedings were held in public and both the proceedings and the deliberations were minuted. The reasons for the decision were, as I find, clear and cogent. I am satisfied that the allegation of bias is without any solid foundation. This ground also fails.} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 The final ground amounts to a general allegation that the TCB failed properly or adequately to discharge the dut}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15466930 ies imposed on it by Section 66}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (2) of the Act. In answer to this submission Mr. Prakash suggested that the Court only had a very limited role in reviewing the exercise of an administrative discretion. He cited }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 Minister of Aboriginal Affairs v. Peko-Wallsend Ltd}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 . 162 CLR 24 at 40 where the following words of Mason J are to be found:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 "It is not the function of the Court to substitute its own decisio n for that of the administrator by exercising a discretion which the legislature has vested in the administrator. Its role is to set limits to the exercise of the discretion and a decision made within those limits cannot be impugned."}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 Wit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189 h respect, I}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 entirely agree.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 It has been said that the essence of a discretion is that:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 "on the same evidence two different minds might reach widely different decisions without either being appealable."}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11677800 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (}{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 Bellenden v. Satterthwaite}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid987707 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 1948}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid987707 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 1 All ER 343, 345)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4668189 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4154272 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 and that thoug h the appellate Court might have acted differently this does not mean that the lower court acted wrongly (see }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 R v. Cambridge C.C. ex parte Hagi}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4668189 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 (1980) 144 JPR 145 and see also }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid5770576 Norbis v. Norbis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13961164 (1986) 60 ALJ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 R 335). \par \par In the present case the minutes of the pr oceedings both public and private clearly reveal the principal facts and matters taken into account by the TCB including, as pointed out by Mr. Tuberi, the addresses of Counsel for each of the present Applicants who were present at the proceedings. As aga inst this, the Applicants' case largely consists of vague and unsupported allegations which I find to be quite unpersuasive.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189\charrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid4154272 There have been some notorious failures by the TCB in the past. In my Judgment this is not one of them. On the contrary, I am of th e opinion that the TCB discharged its statutory duties in an exemplary fashion. The motion fails and is dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4668189 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1795276 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid13961164 Application dismissed.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9902284 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4154272\charrsid9902284 Marie Chan \par }}