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{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
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{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
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{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2057\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1996] 42 FLR 137
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3874553 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 COURT OF APPEAL}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 CENTRAL RENTALS LIMITED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3874553 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
PATTON & STORCK LIMITED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Tikaram P, Casey, Handl}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  JJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3874553 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 16 August 1996}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Landlord and tenant - whether Registrar of Titles entitle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d to cancel a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  lease -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
whether exercise of power by Registrar subject to challenge in Court - breach of covenant - whether right of re-entry or forfeiture restricted where only a part of the demised p\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
remises are sublet. Land Transfer Act (Cap. 131) Sections 57 and 168: Property Law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Act (Cap. 130) Section 105(8)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (a).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The landlord al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 leged a breach of covenant by the tenant against subletting and on this ground the Registrar of Titles \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
cancelled the lease. On appeal the Court of Appeal HELD: (i) in the absence of lawful re-entry and recovery of possession by the landlord the power of cancellation given to the Registrar was not exercisable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (ii) the exercise by the Regist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
rar of his power w\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
as subject to challenge in the High Court under Section 168 of Cap. 131(iii) prior to exercising his power the Registrar must give notice to all persons "interested in the lease" including the tenant and (iv) a tenant who in breach of covenant has sublet 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 p\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 art of the demised premises has no right to apply for relief against forfeiture on the ground of the breach.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cases cited:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Abrahams v. Mac Fisheries Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1925] 2 KB 18
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Barrow v. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 saacs & Son}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (1891) 1 QB 417
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Brooker's Colours Ltd v. Sproules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1910) 10 SR \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (NSW) 839
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Carrington Co. Ltd. v. Saldin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1925) 133 LT 432
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cook v. Shoesmith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1951] 1 KB 752
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Frazer v. Walker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1967] 1 AC 569
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Jackson v. Simmons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1923] 1 Ch. 373
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Laffer v. Gillen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10749982 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1927] AC 866;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  40 CIR 86
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Lam Kee Ying v. Lam Shes Tong}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1975] AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  247
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 McKinnon v. Portelli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  60 SR (NSW) 343
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Moore v. Ullcoats Mining Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1908) C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10749982 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  575
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Nianjan v. A.G.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1959) 5 FLR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  78
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ram Kali v. John Bayly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1954) 4 FLR 139
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ramjit Singh v. Gordon Speakman}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  CA 254/92
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Re Register}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1958] NZLR 1050
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Russell v. Beecham}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1924] 1 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B 525
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Shiloh Spinners Ltd v. Harding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1973] AC 691
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Town v. Stevens}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1899) 17 NZLR 828
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10749982 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 H.K. Nagin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for the Appellant
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10749982 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 H. Lateef}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for the Respondent
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Judgment of the Court:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 This is an appeal from the judgment of Fatiaki J. in a landlord and t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
enant case. The subject lease (20187) granted on 24 March 1939 for a term of 75 years was registered on 29 March 1939. The appellant (the landlord) is the successor in title of the original landlord, and the respondent the equitable assignee of the origin
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
l tenants. The respondent failed to pay the rent due on 1 July 1993 and on 20 December that year the appellant issued a month's notice to quit expiring on 31 January 1994. The notice alleged breaches of covenant by sub-letting part of the premises without
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 first obtaining the landlord's written consent and failure to pay rent. On the same day the landlord returned the respondent's cheque dated 27 October 1993 for the rent due on 1 July.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On 15 February 1994 the landlord applied to the Registrar of Titles und\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10749982 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
57 of the Land Transfer Act (Cap. 131) "for registration of its re-entry on and recovery of possession of the land comprised in the above mentioned lease No. 20187". The only ground relied on in the notice to the Registrar of Titles was the alleged b
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
reach of the covenant against subletting. Notice of that application was given to the respondent on 14 February. The Registrar purported to cancel the lease the day the landlord's application was lodged. This is surprising since the statutory declaration 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f Jameela Sherani sworn 14 February 1994 lodged on behalf of the landlord stated that the application had only been served on the respondent the day before.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Para (b) was included in s. 57 on the enactment of the Land Transfer Act following the repeal of t
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he Land (Transfer and Registration) Ordinance (Cap. 136) (1955). Its evident purpose was to reverse the effect of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ram Kali v. John Bayly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (1954) 4 FLR 139 to ensure that a lessee is given a reasonable opportunity to make }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10749982 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ubmissions to the Registrar against\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the cancellation of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the lease and if necessary to take court proceedings.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
On 30 March 1994 the respondent commenced proceedings by originating summons in the High Court claiming a declaration that the Registrar of Titles had unlawfully cancelled the leas\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e, and for an order that it be re-instated as a valid lease on the title. The landlord, the Registrar of Titles, and the Attorney-General, were named as defendants.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On 19 January 1995 the trial judge delivered his reserved judgment, in which he found for 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the respondent and ordered that it be relieved from forfeiture of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
lease on condition of paying $480, the arrears of rent, into Court for payment out to the landlord, and he ordered the Registrar of Titles to correct the register by cancelling the notif\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ication of the re-entry on the certificate of title. He also ordered the respondent to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pay the landlord $1,500.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15077513 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 00 com}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
pensation for illegal alienation and restrained it from "continuing to alienate" any part of the leased property to the unauthorised sub-te\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nant Arun Mishra.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The landlord appealed to this Court, naming the plaintiff in the proceedings in the High Court as the sole respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The lease contained a forfeiture clause in the following terms:-
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "13. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t is hereby agreed that if the said rent or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
any part thereof shall be in arrear for the space of seven days after any of the days whereon the same ought to be paid as aforesaid ... or if there shall be any breach or non-observance of any of the Lessee's covenants herein contained then and in any of
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the cases it shall be lawful for the Lessor at any time thereafter to re-enter into and upon the said premises or any part thereof in the name of the whole and the same to have again and re-possess and enjoy as in his former-estate ..."}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Judge found th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
at the landlord had not validly forfeited the lease because it had neither re-entered physically}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  nor effected a constructive re-entry by c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ommencing an action for possession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Section 57 of the Land Transfer Ac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t provides, so far as relevant:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The Registrar, upon proof to his satisfaction of lawful re-entry and recovery of possession by a lessor either by process of law or in conformity with the provisions for re-entry contained ... in the lease, shall cancel the original of such lease and ent
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r a memorial t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 o that effect in the register\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
When the landlord applied on 15th February 1994 for cancellation of the lease under this section it had not recovered possession of the property. The respondent was still in possession. Compare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Niranjan v. A.G\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1959) 5 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 LR 78. The land}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lord not issued process of law to recover possession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and its claim to have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  re-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
entered was based solely on the service and expiry of its notice to quit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Judge held that the notice to quit did not effect a re-entry but instea\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
d had waived any such right by recognising the subsistence of the lease for a further six weeks. The landlord had not given a notice under s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 105(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
) of the Property Law Act requiring the tenant to remedy the breaches of covenant relied upon. This subsectio\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
n provides that a right of forfeiture is not "enforceable by action or otherwise" unless and until such a notice has been served. The landlord however}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 soug}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ht to bring itself within s. 105(8)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (a) which provides:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The provisions of this section shall not ex\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tend-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(a) to a covenant or condition against assigning, sub-letting, parting with the possession, or disposing of the land leased;"
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he relevant covenant in clause 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , provided:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The Lessee will not transfer or sublet or part with the possession of the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
said premises or any part thereof without the previous consent in writing of the Lessor but so that such consent shall not be unreasonably arbitrarily or vexatiously with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eld".
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The covenant, in accordance with good conveyancing practice, bound the tenant \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not to tr
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ansfer or sublet the premises "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 part thereof"}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . However the Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  following English authority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 held that s. 145(8)(a) only excluded from s. 105(1) those cases where the covenant restricted alienation of the whole of the leased land and had n\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
o application to a covenant to the extent to which it restricted alienation of only part.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
He therefore granted the relief previously referred to and also a declaration that the Registrar of Titles had improperly and unlawfully cancelled the lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  althoug\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h this was not included in the formal orders of the High Court.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Procedural Challenges
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e landlord's notice of appeal challenged the judgment on both procedural and 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 substantive grounds. Grounds 1 and 7 claimed that the trial judge had erred in granting relief which was not pleaded or available under s. 168 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the Land Transfer Act and in granting relief against forfeiture under s. 105 of the Property Law Act when no s\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 uch remedy had been sought.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ground 14 challenged the summary dismissal of the landlord's action for possessions No. 183/94.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
The respondent's summons stated that it was issued pursuant to s. 168 of the Land Transfer Act. This section applies in litigation\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 between parties where there is no challenge to any decision of the Registrar, but we see no reason why it should not extend to cases where the Registrar has made entries in the register unlawfully or in error but is not willing to apply to the High Court
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
under s. 166 to have the register corrected. There is nothing in Part XXIV of the Act "Special Jurisdiction of the High Court" to exclude its ordinary jurisdiction to protect property rights and to grant relief against unlawful administrative action. It}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ap\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
pears to us therefore that the first claim in the Respondent's summons was either authorised by s. 168 as a proceeding respecting land subject to the Act, or it invoked the High Court's general jurisdiction over the Registrar of Titles in respect of unlaw
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ul administrative action on his part.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
The Respondent did not plead any claim for relief against forfeiture, and no such claim was raised orally before the Judge, although there was argument as to the effect of s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
105(1) and (8)(a) of the Property Law Act.\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  There is no necessity for a tenant to plead a claim for relief against forfeiture. See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Lam Kee Yin v. Lam Shes Ton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid3874553 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 [1975] AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 247 at 257 and the cases there cited. However there must at least be an informal application for such relief.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In this case no suc\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
h application was made as the trial Judge noted (Record 82), although he thought that this "does not preclude the exercise by this Court of its ancient equitable jurisdiction to relieve against forfeiture of a lease." However equity does not }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 act in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  such ma\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
tters of its own motion and in our view the trial Judge had no power to grant relief against forfeiture when such relief had not been sought at least informally by the respondent. The orders granting such relief must therefore beset aside. There is a furt
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er difficulty about these orders because, as wil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  appear, we consider t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hat when these proceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136\charrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 56/}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 94)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  were commenced in the High Court on 30 March 1994 the landlord had not forfeited the lease or made any effective attempt to do so. There was therefor\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e no forfeiture from which the respondent could be relieved.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
On 20 April 1994 the landlord commenced an action (183/94) to recover possession of the property. As the trial Judge explained, service of such proceedings constituted an unequivocal election by\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the landlord to exercise any 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ubsisting right to forfeit the base.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 No order was eve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r made consolidating action 183/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 94 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ith action 156/94. Action 183/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
94 was before the trial Judge on 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3 September 1994 for mention on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 action 156/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10642136 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  cam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  That day the Judge noted "the outcome of this application may or may not be determined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  by the Court's decision in 156/94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The second action was never listed for hearing before the trial Judge and without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10642136 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
earing the parties he simply said in his reserve\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d judgment in 156/94:-
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10098937 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"For the sake of completeness the Defendant company's }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 application in civil action 183/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 94 is hereby dismissed".
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
In our view, and with respect, the trial Judge was not entitled to summarily dismiss this action without hearing the par\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ties. The validity of the landlord's claim to forfeit the lease by service of process in this action has never been determined, and the respondent has never}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 had an opportunity to seek relief against any such forfeiture. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  our}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 opinion therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the order d\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ismissing action 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 /}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 must be set aside, and the action remit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ted to the High Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Substantive Challenges
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n 20 December 1993 the solicitors for the landlord served a notice on the respondent directed to it and the original tenants giving "one month's\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 notice... ending on 31 January 1994 to quit and deliver possession of our clients premises" on the ground of sub-letting part without consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and non payment of rent. The notice threatened court proceedings if the premises were not vacated within the sti
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pulated time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
This was not an unequivocal election by the landlord to immediately forfeit the lease, and it did not operate as a re-entry. Indeed it recognised the right of the tenants to occupy the premises for a further six weeks. We agree with the conc
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lusion of the trial judge on this question, supported as it was by the decisions in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Town v. Stevens}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1899) 17 NZLR 828 at 830-1, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Moore v. Ull}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
coats Mining Co Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1908) Ch 575 at 587-8, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Re Register}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 [1958] NZLR 1050 at 1054; and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 McKinnon v. Port}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 elli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  60 SR (NSW) 343 at 350.

\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is clear therefore that the landlord's application to the Registrar of Titles on 15 February 1994 for cancellation of this lease was misconceived. What}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10881675 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ever the merits of the landlord'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
s claims, it had taken no effective steps to forfeit the lease either by physical re-entry, or by bringing an action for possession. The landlord's application for cancellation of the lease should therefore have been rejected. Moreover in our view the Reg
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 i\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 strar had no power to cancel the lease only one day after notice of the application had been given to the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 but was bound, when he knew that the respondent was still in possession, to wait a reasonable time before attempting to proceed.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Cour\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t does not need in this case to determine the nature of the Registrar's power under s. 57 of the Land Transfer Act, or the purpose of the notice which s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
57(b) required to be served on "all persons interested under the lease" but we do not wish to cast dou\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bt on the views of the trial Judge and of Scott J. in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ramjit Singh v. Gordon Speakman}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  CA 254/92 on these questions. Mr Nagin however submitted that s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 51(b) did not require notice to be given to the actual tenant, but only to any other persons who were "in\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
terested under the lease". He referred us to a number of sections which contained express references to the lessee, and said that if Parliament had wished to refer to the lessee in s. 57(b) it would have said so. However in our opinion the expression "per
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ons interested under the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  lease" was not intended to excl}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ude the lessee, but to include other persons as well such as mortgagees, subtenants or assignees. The tenant is a person interested under the lease, and the respondent, as equitable assignee,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was also
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  in that position.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mr Nagin then submitted that the Registrar's action operated to cancel the lease and its validity could not be questioned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in the High Cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rt, and he reified on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Laffer v. Gil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 len}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1927] AC 866, 40 CLR 86. We agree however w\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ith the view of the trial Judge that this decision is distinguishable. The ratio of that case so far as it is presently relevant appears at page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10881675\charrsid10881675 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 897}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid10881675 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10881675\charrsid10881675 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10881675 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 96)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  where their Lordships having referred to the section in the South Australian Act corresponding to s. 5
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 7 said:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10098937 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The Registrar is directed to make the entry in the Register by which effect is given to the forfeiture or determination on receipt of the notice from the Commissioner that the Crown Lease in question has been lawfully forfeited. In this respect 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the Crown lease is placed in a different position from that occupied by an ordinary lease. In this latter case the lessor, seeking to have registered the fact of re-entry, has to prove the fact, and that it has taken place in manner prescribed by the leas
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 to the satisfaction of the Registrar. The Registrar is then to make an entry in the Register, and the estate of the lessee in the land is then to determine. When once he has satisfied the Registrar and the necessary entry has been made in the Register, t
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e validity of the re-entry cannot be questioned, for the statute provides that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he estate of the lessee in the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and shall thereupon determine ..."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Registrar of Titles was bound in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Laffer v. Gillen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  case to record the cance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ll}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ation of the lease by the Co\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
mmissioner, having a purely ministeria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  function, but in the present case the Registrar had to be satisfied of certain matters before he could exercise his power under s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10881675 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
57. Mr Nagin's submission is supported by the statement of their Lordships as to the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 position with private leases but these were only dicta because the lease there in question was a Crown lease and the issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the indefeasibil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ity of the register was not before their Lordships for decision.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The pl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 aintiff in that case sued the Minister for\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  trespass for his ejectment from the property formerly leased by him from the Crown. The Registrar of Titles was not a party to the action}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 and no application was made to rectify the register by removing the memorial cancelling the plaintiff's lease. It is\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  not su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
prising therefore that their Lordships said (897, 96) "that the validity of the re-entry cannot be in question." They later referred in passing (8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10881675 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 98, 97) to possible remedies fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r any hardship to indiv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 idual}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
s resulting from erroneous entries on the Register, but added:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10098937 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "their Lor}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dships express no opinion on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the matter, as the point was not really before them."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 We are unable to treat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Laffer v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Gill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  as a decision that the entry by the Registrar of Titles o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n the register of a memorial ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ncelling a lease cannot be chall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 enged in the High Court. On that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 uestion we consider we should follow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Frazer v. Walker }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1967] 1 AC 569, a considered decision of the Privy Council, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 which deal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t with the question of indefeasibi\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lity of title }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 under the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Land Transfe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid15295259 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r Act 195}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15295259\charrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15295259\charrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Z}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid15295259 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 .
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 At 585 their Lordships said that registration under that Act-
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10098937 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"... in no way denies the right of a plaintiff to bring against a registered proprietor a claim in personam, founded in law or in equity, f\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or such relief as a Court acting in personam may grant."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Similarly the Fiji Act does not deny the right of a plaintiff to bring an action against the Registrar of Titles for such relief based on the Registrar's own wrongful acts or omissions. See also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid10098937 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Bro\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 oker's Colours Ltd. v. Sproules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (1910) 10 SR (NSW) 839 at 841-2 where registration of the cancellation of a lease was held to be no bar to the enforcement of the tenant's equity to relief against forfeiture.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10098937\charrsid13711799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
In our judgment the Registrar of Titles had no power on 15 February 1994 to cancel lease 20187 and his action in doing so was unlawful and the entries he made were erroneous. No further dealing with the land was registered after entry of the memorial canc
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
lling the lease. The respondent was therefore entitled to have the register corrected by the removal of the erroneous entry. We therefore affirm the first declaration made by the trial judge in terms of paragraph 1 of the respondent's summons and his orde
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  under s. 189 of the Land Transfer Act directing the Registrar of Titles to remove the entry cancelling the lease from the Certificate of Title.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The remaining issue in the appeal concerns the effect of s. 105(8)(a) of the Property Law Act. The judge held 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
that this was not applicable because the breach of covenant relied on related to only part of the premises, whereas sub s. 8(a) only excluded covenants against alienation "of the land leased." If the covenant, to the extent to which it prohibited partial 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
lienations, fell outside s. 105(8)(a) the landlord would be bound by s. 105(1) to issue a notice to remedy any breach before proceeding to a forfeiture, and the respondent could apply for relief against forfeiture under s. 105(2). If, however, the relevan
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 part of the covenant fell within sub s. (8)(a), the landlord would not be required to serve a notice to remedy the breach, and the respondent would not be entitled to apply for relief against forfeiture under s. 105(2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Section 105(8)(a) is based on s. 1\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 4(6)(i) of the Conveyancing Act 1881 (Eng) which was repealed by the Law of Property Act 1925 and not re-enacted as part of s. 146 of that Act. In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Jackson v. Simmons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1923] 1 Ch 373 Romer J. held that the section did not apply to a covenant to the extent t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
o which it restrained the tenant from sharing possession or occupation of any part of the premises. The decision is not directly in point but during argument at 377 the judge also said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The subsection in terms relates only to the 'land leased'; there is no reference to "any part thereof.""
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The point arose in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Russell v. Beecham }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1924] 1 KB 525. Two members of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 court, Bankes & Atkin LJJ, expressed no opinion on it but Scrutton LJ held \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
. 14(6)(i) did not apply to a covenant not to alienate or part with the possession of only part of the premises (536-7 and see also during argument at 531).
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The trial judge accepted the reasoning of Romer J. and Scrutton LJ in the passages referred \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
to, and there was every reason for him to do so when he was not referred to any other authority. However Mr Nagin, who did not appear below, referred us to two later decisions of single judges to the contrary namely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid11410328 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Abrahams v. Mac Fisheries Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1925] 2 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 KB 18 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Carrington Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11410328 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Ltd. v. Saldin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1925] 133 LT 432. In the first of these cases Frazer J. refused to follow the view of Scrutton LJ and said at 35 that it was in accordance with the spirit of the Act, and the history of the law as to relief against 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
forfeiture to give a wider meaning to sub s. (6)(i) "so that a covenant against parting with the possession of part of the premises is within the exception in sub s. (6)." He relied on the fact that many cases had been decided in England after 1881 in whi
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 c\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h the point was not taken on behalf of the tenant where the court assumed that the law was contrary to that stated by Scrutton LJ. His decision was followed by Hewart CJ in the second case. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid11410328 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  4th }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ed Vol.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  27 "Landlord and Tenant" para 439 page 344 re\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
fers to these decisions and no others which is not surprising in view of the repeal of s. 14(6)(i) in 1925. Mr Lateef referred us to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cook v. Shoesmith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1951] 1 KB 752 where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Russell v. Beecham}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  was cited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  but the decision is not in point.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 We have not been r\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eferred to any other authority on this question. Faced with this conflict of opinion we think that we ought to follow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Abrahams v. Mac Fisheries Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Carrington Co. Ltd. v. Saldin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  which were the last decisions on s. 14(6)(i) before its repeal. When the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Fiji Parliament adopted this section in 1971 in preference to s. 146 of the Law of Property Act 1925 (Eng) which replaced it, which was more favourable to the tenant, it should we think be taken to have adopted the construction the section had received in
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the most recent English decisions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In our opinion therefore the breach of the covenant against subletting relied upon by the landlord fell within the exclusion in s. 105(8)(a) and the landlord was not obliged by s. 105(1) to give a notice to remedy the br
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 each. It follows that the respondent had no right under s. 105(2) to apply for re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ief against forfeiture in respect of that breach. See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid11410328 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 4th Ed Vol. 27 "Landlord & Tenant" para 439 page 344. Moreover it is not clear whether and in what circumstance\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
s equity would relieve against forfeiture for wilful breach of a covenant against assignment or subletting except in cases of fraud, accident, mistake or surprise. See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Barrow v. Isaacs & Son}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11410328 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (1891) 1 QB 417;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  compare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Shiloh Spinners Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v. Harding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1973] AC 691, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid11410328 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Meagher, Gummow & Lehane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  "Equity Doctrines and Remedies" 1975 pages 374-6.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Neither party proved the date nor the terms of the sublease to Arun Mishra. The Court was informed by both counsel that Mishra had ceased to occupy any part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the premises but not exactly when this occurred. The landlord became aware of the breach at some stage prior to 20 December 1993, but the evidence does not establish when. There was evidence that the respondent had subleased part of the property without t
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e landlord's prior consent during 1992 and that the landlord became aware of this at some stage but when it did so does not appear.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It appears that the questions for determination in Action 183/94 will include whether there was a subsisting breach of cove\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
nant when that summons was served on the respondent, whether the unauthorised sublease was a continuing breach or a breach once for all, and whether it had been waived by the landlord by service of the notice to quit or otherwise. The landlord's knowledge
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
of and attitude towards earlier breaches may also be relevant. In these circumstances we do not think we should express any view on the effect of the notice to quit as a waiver, when that question may turn out to be academic in the light of other facts pr
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ved at the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 We would add that Mr Nagin did not contend that the landlord could forfeit this lease for non-payment of rent without serving a notice under s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 105(1) to remedy the breach.

\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As each party has been partially successful we think there shou\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ld be no order as to the costs of this appeal.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 We therefore make the following orders:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(1) Appeal allowed in part.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(2) Set aside the following orders of the High Court-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(a) that the lessees and their assigns are entitled to have hold and enjoy the lan\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ds and premises demised by lease No. 20187 according to the terms of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13578769 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hat lease without any new lease;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(b) the condition for payment of the arrears of rent into Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13578769 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for payment out to the landlord;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(c) the order for payment of $1500 compensation to the landlord; and
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (d) the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13578769 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  order dismissing Action 183/94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (3)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Vary the formal orders of the High Court by adding a declaration that on 15 Februa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ry 1994 the Registrar of Titles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  improperly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13578769 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and unlawfully c\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ancelled lease No. 20187.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (4) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Formal orders of the High Court, as varied, otherwise confirmed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (5) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Any monies in Court to be paid out to the respondent or its solicitors.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(6) Remit Action 187/94 to the High Court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5702884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(7) No order as to the costs of the ap\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 peal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13711799 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid5702884 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal allowed in part.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5702884\charrsid13711799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 )
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8
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2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b
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