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{\f713\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f714\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
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{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
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{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
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{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
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\sbasedon10 \styrsid6687 Hyperlink;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid6687\rsid597039\rsid1124797\rsid1462134\rsid1538235\rsid2235501\rsid2501479\rsid2963176\rsid4810176\rsid5777168\rsid6311545\rsid7169741\rsid7753595\rsid7828284\rsid8465091\rsid8680698\rsid9247671
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{\author Robynne Blake}{\operator baleimatuku_l}{\creatim\yr2010\mo9\dy21\hr2\min54}{\revtim\yr2015\mo10\dy19\hr17\min38}{\version21}{\edmins111}{\nofpages8}{\nofwords3700}{\nofchars17273}{\*\company scims}{\nofcharsws20932}{\vern32859}}
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{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 [1994] 40 FLR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 58A
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13447822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822\charrsid13447822 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13447822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 RUPENI NAVUNISARAVI}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 1. PRADEEP KUMAR
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13447822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 2. RAJA RAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Pathik J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13447822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13447822 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 31st March 1994}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Negligence causing death - young c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 
hild - assessment of damages - L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 aw Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (Cap 27) - Compensation to Relatives Act (Cap 29).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par In assessing damages the High Court considered the nature of a claim in respect of a child's death and the appropriate quantum of damages both general and special.
\par 
\par Cases cited:
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Barnett v Cohen & Others}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 [1921] 2 KB 461
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Blake v Midland Rly Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822  (1852) 18 QB}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  93
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 Buckland v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 Guildford Gas Light and Coke Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1949] 1 KB 410
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 Davies & Anor v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 Powell Duffryn Associated Collieries Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1942] AC 601
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6687\charrsid13447822 Dhapel v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  Arjun}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10297556\charrsid13447822 [1962] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 8 FLR 74
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Fletcher v Autocar and Transporters Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1968] 2 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  32
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Franklin v South Eastern Rly Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 (1858) 3 H & N 211
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Gauri Shankar v Modern Land Development Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
 (HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  West. Div. 335/83)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 icks
 v Chief Constable South Yorkshire Police}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1992] 2 All ER 65
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Kesi Ganikeli Liva v Mahendra Pal Chaudhary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
 (S/C CA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  391/79)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 McCarthy v Palmer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1957) NZLR 442

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Public Trustee v Bednarczyk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 (1959) SASR 178 at 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10297556\charrsid13447822 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Shiu Shankar v Madhwan & Anor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 (Sup Ct. Ltk C.A. 31/74)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Wahen v Vernon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1970) RTR 471

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Woldon v War Office}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 [1956] 1 WLR 51
\par 
\par Assessment of damages in the High Court.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Ms G. Phillips}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  for the Plaintiff}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid2235501\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 R. Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  for the Defendants
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Pathik J:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par This action is brought by the Plaintiff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Rupeni Navunisaravi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  under the Law Reform }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid2501479\charrsid13447822 (Miscellaneous Provisions)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (Death and Interest) Act Cap. 27 and also under the Compensation to Relatives Act Cap. 29 to recover damages for the death of his son }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Saimoni Vuatalevu Navunisaravi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (hereafter referred to as "the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 deceased") t
hrough the negligence of the first defendant. He sues as Administrator under Letters of Administration granted to him by High Court of Fiji on 13 May 1992. He states that he brings the suit for his own benefit and for the benefit of Tubuna Bose the deceas
ed's mother, Vani Namerua Navunisaravi the deceased's sister, Naibuka Tuilomani and Rupeni Navunisaravi the deceased's brothers.
\par 
\par The deceased died on 24 November 1991 at the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva. He was then about 8 years of age and lived with his parents.
\par 
\par The First Defendant (D1) was at all material times a servant or agent of the Second Defendant (D2). The D2 was at the material time the registered owner of Toyota Liteac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1124797\charrsid13447822 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  motor vehicle Registered No. BU489.
\par 
\par On or about 24 November 1991 at Kings Road, Davuilevu, Nausori the D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 acting as a servant or agent of the D2 drove the said vehicle so negligently and unskilfully that he caused or permitted the said vehicle to collide with the deceased who was at the time walking on the unpaved footpath on the side of the road.
\par 
\par The D1 was prosecuted and convicted for causing death by dangerous driving on 23 March 1992 and was sentenced to imprisonment for 15 months which was suspended for 18 months and also fined $150 in default 6 months imprisonment.
\par 
\par As a consequence of the accident the deceased sustained serious personal injuries resulting in his death on the same day.
\par 
\par No Notice of Intention to Defend having been given by the defendants, Judgment in Default was given against them.
\par 
\par Although Mr. Ram Chand was to be appointed the solicitor for the defendants this did not happen and the hearing of assessment of damages proceeded to hearing before me when I was the Chief Registrar on 12 November 1992. The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  D1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  was present but D2 (the fathe
r of D1) was not present. I ordered that written submissions be filed by Plaintiff by 2 December 1992. Mr. Ram Chand for the defendants appeared on 27 January 1992}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1124797\charrsid13447822 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  after further appearance by counsel on 24 March 1993}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1124797\charrsid13447822  I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  extended time for written submission
 till 21 April, 1993. There were numerous adjournments after that by the Deputy Registrar on the application of counsel until finally the Plaintiff filed his submission on 8 September 1993 and the defendants on 13 January 1994.
\par 
\par I commenced to assess damages as Chief Registrar but was no longer in that post by the time the submissions were filed. Now I assess damages in this action in my present capacity.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 FACTS AND EVIDENCE ADDUCED
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par The evidence so adduced has been well summarized by the learned counsel for the Plaintiff and I adopt them here as hereinafter appearing:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"Dr Eka Buadromo in evidence stated that she examined the deceased shortly after his admission to CWM Hospital on 24 November 1991. She conducted the post-mortem examination. Her evidence out
lined the extensive internal and external injuries which were consistent with the deceased being hit by a motor vehicle. The doctor stated that the deceased would have experienced great pain and suffering prior to death. But for the injuries sustained by 
the deceased from the accident, the doctor stated that she found no signs of latent illnesses or other physical deformities on the deceased. He was for all intents and purposes a normal healthy child prior to 24 November 1991.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Mr Naibuka Navunisaravi in ev
idence stated that the deceased was one of his grandchildren and that he had resided in the same residence as the deceased throughout his life except for 1984. He stated that the deceased was a hard working and very bright young boy, who was an example to
 the witnesses's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  other grandchildren who were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 the brothers and sister of the deceased. The deceased before his untimely demise was a healthy and active young boy.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
He confirmed that the deceased who was eight years old at the time of death, was the second eldest child of the plaintiff herein and that the immediate family of the deceased still experience the trauma and deep l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5777168\charrsid13447822 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ss as a result of the unexpected death of the deceased.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 The witness in evidence stated that funeral}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  expenses included the sum of $}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
1000.00 being for the purchase of two cows, the purchase being for catering for the bereavement gathering (regu regu). Further expenses included transportation costs, and other related funeral expenses. The approximate funeral expenses being $1500.00.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Mrs. Salote
 Koroi in evidence stated that she taught the deceased whilst she was assistant Head Teacher at Draiba Fijian School in Suva. She described the deceased as being at the time she taught him, "a little gentleman".
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Also that he was a very successful 
student both inside and outside the classroom. The deceased was also the class leader at the time he died. This witness confirmed that she had thirty years in the teaching profession and in her professional opinion was of the view that the deceased had th
e makings of a very good citizen.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5777168 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
Mr Rupeni Navunisaravi the plaintiff stated that he was the father}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 of the deceased and had been granted Letters of Administration in respect of the estate of the deceased on 13 May 1992. He further stated that Tubuna Bose 
(deceased's mother), Vani Namerua Navunisaravi (deceased's sister), Naibuka Tuilomani and Rupeni Navunisara (deceased's brothers) are the beneficiaries of the deceased's estate. The plaintiff confirmed the emotional loss still felt by the family as a resu
lt of the untimely death of his son".
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 THE CLAIM
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par The Plaintiff brings his claim under the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions)(Death and Interest) Act Cap. 27 and Compensation to Relatives Act (Cap. 29) and it is as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (a) Damages under the Law Re}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14375542\charrsid13447822 form (Miscellaneous Provisions)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
(Death and Interest) Act for loss of expectation of life.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
(b) Damages under Compensation to Relatives Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
(c) Special Damages in the sum of $1500.00 (one thousand five hundred dollars) being for funeral expenses.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 (d) Costs.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 I will now deal with the claim in the same order as above.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14375542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 DAMAGES UNDER COMPENSATION TO RELATIVES}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  ACT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par The right of action under the compensation to Relatives Act (Cap. 29) confers on the near relative a right which is an independent right and not a continuation of the cause o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7828284\charrsid13447822 f action vested in the deceased.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par 
\par The Act provides that every such action shall be
 for the benefit of the wife, husband, parent and child of the person whose death has been so caused (section 4). The word "parent" has been defined under the Act to include father and mother. Here the action has been commenced by the Plaintiff as Adminis
trator of the Estate on behalf of himself, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822 the deceased's mother, deceased'}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 s sister and two brothers which, in my view is wrong. It should only be for the benefit of the parent which includes the father and mother of the deceased under the Act in his case.

\par 
\par An action is maintainable as provided for under section 3 of the Act which reads as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7753595 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"Where the death of a person is caused by wrongful act, neglect or default, and the act, neglect or default is such as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7753595\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 would (if death had not ensued) have enti
tled the party injured to maintain an action and recover damages in respect thereof, the person or persons or body of persons, incorporated or unincorporated, who would have been liable if death had not ensued shall be liable to an action for damages notw
ithstanding the death of the person injured, and although the death was caused under such circumstances as to amount in law to a crime."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par Under s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7828284\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
4 of the Act (Cap. 29) the Plaintiff is entitled to the claim as a dependent for himself (as father) and his wife (the deceased's mother).
\par 
\par The action is based upon financial loss or loss of support and nothing else; it gives no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 solatium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  for mental distress}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7828284\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ... (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Blake v Midland Rly Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822  (1852) 18 QB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  93). In this case the deceased died the same day, hence no claim 
for pain and suffering arises as no damages is given for pain and suffering when unconsciousness and death followed the injury within a very short time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1462134\charrsid13447822 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Hicks v Chief Constable South Yorkshire Police}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1462134\charrsid13447822 1992] 2 All ER 65).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par 
\par Loss of support, to some degree, is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7828284\charrsid13447822 an essential e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
lement of the cause of action. None of the relatives can succeed unless they can prove actual dependence on the deceased at or before his death, or a probability that they would have received some support f
rom him in the future if he had lived. A total dependence is not necessary, and partial dependence, even if it is of a slight and uncertain kind, will be sufficient to sustain an action, although the difference between the two cases will necessarily be re
flected in the amount of the damages.
\par 
\par It is not necessary for the Plaintiff to prove that he had a right to support by the deceased: what he must establish is, 'a reasonable expectation of pecuniary benefit, as of right or otherwise, from the continuance of the life' (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Franklin v South Eastern Rly Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1858) 
3 H & N 211).
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 Under the Act (Cap. 29) I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 have to decide the amount of dependency of the parent in the case of the deceased and then a suitable multiple has to be determined.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11550962\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 In this case I am dealing with a case in which the deceased was just about 8 years of age at the tim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11550962\charrsid13447822 e of his death on 24 November 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 991.
\par 
\par To determine the degree of dependency in such a case is very difficult indeed. The only guidance one can get is from awards in previous cases. It has been held in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Walden v War Office}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1956) 1 WLR at 51 that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11550962 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"Although a judge is not bound to hear references to such cases, he may do so. He has a discretion to decide whether in his view the reference to such other cases wou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 ld or would not assist him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par The learned counsel for the Plaintiff is well aware of the difficulties that the Courts face in assessing damages and she has very properly drawn the Court's attention to the observation of judges in some of the cases.
\par 
\par In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Waldon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ) at 55 Singleton L.J. said:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11550962 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"A judge in assessing damages draws upon his own experience. Where does he get that experience? From knowledge of other judges' decisions as to amount; from knowledge of what is said in this court and in the House of Lords, and from his ordinary}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  experience in life ..}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
. The judge realizes that his task is to assess damages in the particular case before him, and upon the evidence bef}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 ore him and upon nothing else.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 he can get help from decisions of other judges, or from this court, I am inclined to think that in his discretion he might well accept it. It is for him to judge."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Fletcher v Autocar and Transporters Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 
 [1968] 2 QB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  32 Salmon L.J. stated at 363}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 - 364:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"On the other hand, the full amount of perfect compensation manifestly cannot be given for pain and suffering or loss of amenities for the sim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 
ple reason that, in the nature }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 f}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  things, there can be no perfect compensation i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 n relation to such matters ...}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
To my mind the damages awarded should be such that the ordinary sensible man would not instinctively regard them as either mean or extravagant, but would consider them to be sensible and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 fair in all the circumstances."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par It is not that damages are not awarded in the case of a child. A case of where the Plaintiff Arjun was entitled to damages for negligence where death ensued was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Dhapel v Arjun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 [1962] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 8 FLR 74. This case involved a boy aged 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 \'bd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
years. The case was remitted to the Magistrate's court for assessment of damages.
\par 
\par In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Barnett v Cohen & Others}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 [1921] 2 KB 461, the deceased was four years of age. There McCardie J. said at 469 that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"the plaintiff's claim to damages must rest in substance upon his anticipation of the future services and help or the pecuniary aid in the future }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1462134\charrsid13447822 
of the son,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  who at four years of age is now dead."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par He further said that nothing can be given by way of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 solatium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 for the injured feelings of the relatives and all that can be dealt with or assessed is pecuniary loss. Hence it has been rightly argued by Mr. Ram Chand that claims for emotional loss, loss of friendship and companionship and loss of pride in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ased's 
accomplishments cannot be taken into account nor allowable in assessing damages. It has been so held by the Supreme Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 McCarthy }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  Palmer}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1957}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 ) NZLR 442 where in the headnote}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  it is stated:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"A claim under the Deaths by Accidents Compensation Act 1952, on behalf of the widow and children as the result of the death of the husband and father, for damages in respect of the loss of the society, care}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 guidance and affection of the husband and father respectively, discloses no cause of action under the statute, since damages arc recoverable thereunder by members of the fa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
y only to the extent of the loss of presumed advantage by the persons for whose benefit the action is brought."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par It has been the practice of the Courts to grant a very nominal sum as damages where deceaseds are infants of tender age and are not in any employment.
\par 
\par The case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Buckland v Guildford Gas Light and Coke Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1949] 1 KB 410 involved the deceased, a girl aged 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  She was a bright}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 , intelligent girl competent to l}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ook after a younger child aged eight. There Morris J in awarding the sum of \'a3200 (after assessing the damages under the Fatal Accidents at \'a3
500 and reducing them to \'a3200 taking the Law Reform into account) observed:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"She assisted her parents in the home and it was anticipate
d that her gifts would later have enabled her to contribute financially as well as by services to the household. The extent to which she could and would have done so must be considered with due regard to all the chances and changes that might have affecte
d her and also her parents."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Ellis v Ocean Steamship Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
 (1958) 1 Lloyd's Rep. 471 in the case of the deceased aged 17 years when killed, the sum of \'a3108 was awarded on a multiplier of 3.
\par 
\par In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Wahen v Vernon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 (1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 970) RTR 471 the sum of \'a3500 was awarded 
in the case of the deceased who was 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8465091\charrsid13447822 \'bd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
years of age at the date of his death and who earned \'a36.50 per week as an apprentice.
\par 
\par In an unauthenticated award referred to in KEMP & KEMP Vol 3 M6 - 076 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Spitalali v Washbourne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1975) Richards J awarded the sum of \'a3800 in the case of the deceased aged 14. In the report to that case (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ) it is stated thus about the deceased:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"Came from Sicilian family consisting of his parents, who were now both aged 49}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  himself and three si
sters (one of whom had now married). Happy and healthy boy. Had done well at school and likely that, when he completed his education, he would have achieved standard which would have enabled him to obtain job of considerably higher status than that done b
y his father, who was a machine cleaner. If he had lived and once he had gone to work he could well have contributed towards cost of family visits}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 to Sicily. Would probably have supported parents if they fell on bad times due to failure to obtain work or il
l health, as was the custom in Sicilian families."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par In the case of a youth aged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 18 years unmarried and unemploye}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 d Dyke J. awarded $1250.00 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
Gauri Shankar v Modern Land Development Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (High Court)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid2963176\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 [Western Division] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 CA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  335/83)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par 
\par In the present action,
 doing the best I can bearing in mind the principles to be applied in cases of this nature and after being guided by the cases to which I have made reference I am satisfied that the Plaintiff had a reasonable expectation of pecuniary benefit. The deceased
 no doubt was very young but in my view at about 16 years of age he would have been of assistance to his parents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  He would have contributed part of his future earnings to his parents for the upkeep of the household. No doubt he would have married in due cou
rse and his contribution to his parents then would have reduced considerably. In this case I would fix the multiplier at 9 worked out on the basis that from the age of 16 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8680698\charrsid13447822 ye}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
ars he would have contributed until 25 years of age (when he probably would have married) the sum of $8 per week i.e. $416 per year for 9 years making a total of $4044. There is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9247671\charrsid13447822 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
paucity of cases to fall back on in assessing damages in the case of minors and as McCardie J said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Barnett v Cohen}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ) the whole matter is beset with doubts, c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9247671\charrsid13447822 ontingencies, and uncertainties;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  however, I consider that I ought to assess and make an award which in my considered view would be reasonable in the circumstances of this case.
\par 
\par In the circumstances I award the said sum of $4044 under this head; there will therefore be judgment for the Plaintiff in the said sum.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9247671 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 DAMAGES UNDER THE LAW REFORM (MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS (DEATH AND INTEREST) ACT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par Under this head for loss of expectation of life I assess it at $1000.00.
\par 
\par Following the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Davies & An}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 or v. Powell Duffryn Associated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Collieries Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  [1942] AC 601 this award will merge into the award under the Compensation to Relatives Act.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10106291 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (c) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 SPECIAL DAMAGES
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par The special damages claim relates to funeral expenses.
\par 
\par Although there is no definition of 'funeral expenses' in Cap. 29 it provides in s. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  that "damages may be awarded in respect of the funeral expenses of the deceased person if such expenses have been incurred by the parties for whose benefit the action is 
brought"; it would appear therefore that the test of reasonableness would apply.
\par 
\par Some indication of what the word "funeral" is usually taken to comprehend has been stated by Mayo J. in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Public Trustee v Bednarczyk}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (1959) SASR 178 at 180 (quoting from LUNTZ on Assessment of Damages 3rd Ed. p. 439) as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12341916 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
"The word 'funeral' is usually taken to comprehend the disposal of human remains, including accompanying rites and ceremonies, that is to say, the procedure of, and appertaining to, burial or cremation, in the course of which the body is prepared for 
burial and con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
eyed by cortege to the necropolis. Such initial stages as acquisition of burial plot, public notice, obtaining a certificate of death, permission to cremate or bury, will form part of the procedure and the cost will be funeral expenses."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par According to custom there are certain expenses, such as in this case, for the "regu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 regu" that one cannot avoid and it certainly is part of the expenses relating to the funeral of the deceased. In the Fiji c
ontext, bearing in mind the traditional Fijian ceremony associated with the funeral I will allow a reasonable sum under this head. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
Kesi Ganikeli Liva v Mahendra Pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  Chaudhary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 CA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  391/79) the then Chief Registrar (now Scott J) awarded the
 sum of $1500 for funeral expenses; and in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Shiu Shankar s/o Chunni v Madhwan & Anor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (Sup Ct. Ltk }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13447822 CA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 31/74) Dyke J stated that "religious rites following the death of a Hindu person are reasonable and the claim under this head is allowed".
\par 
\par I award the sum of $1500 for funeral expenses as special damages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid7169741\charrsid13447822 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 CONCLUSION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 In the result I allow the sum of $4044 under Compensation to Relatives Act (Cap 29) and $1000 under Law Reform}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11272856\charrsid13447822  (Miscellaneous Provisions Act)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
(Death and Interest) Act (Cap. 27). The sum of $1000 under Cap. 27 falls to be deducted from Cap. 29 following the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Davies}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 ). The total award therefore is $4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11272856\charrsid13447822 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 44 which falls for distribution. To this award is to be added the sum of $1500 as special damages.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11272856\charrsid13447822 I therefore give judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
for the Plaintiff against the defendants in the su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11272856\charrsid13447822 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822  of $5544.
\par 
\par The said sum of $4044 is to be divided equally between the Plaintiff (as the father) and the deceased's mother.
\par 
\par The funeral expenses is allocated to the Plaintiff as the father.
\par 
\par I award costs against the Defendants which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822  are to be taxed if not agreed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12341916\charrsid13447822 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 Damages assessed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid6311545\charrsid13447822 )
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