{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f336\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f337\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f339\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f340\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f341\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f342\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f343\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f344\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f676\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f677\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}
{\f679\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f680\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f683\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f684\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
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{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12330834 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12330834\charrsid9859506 [1989] 35 FLR 36
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11221576 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506 
\par HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506\charrsid9859506 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9859506 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 SURUJ KUMARI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 REWA DEVELOPMENT LIMITED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16131210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 Jesuratn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 am J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506 
\par 
\par 10 February 1989}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16131210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  Crown (State) land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  whether an agreement to mortgage crown land requires consent}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 whether a mortgage is created upon agreement or upon registration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  Crown (State) Lands Act (Cap 132) Section 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  Land Tra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 nsfer Act (Cap 131) Sections }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 5, 37.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The Plaintiff mortgagor sought to restrain the mortgagee from exercising its powers of sale. The Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
s case was that the mortgage had been executed prior to obtaining the consent of the Director of Lands and was accordingly void. The High Court dismissed the Plaintiffs application 
and HELD: that a mortgage is not created until it is registered and that since the registration did not take place until after the consent of the Director had been obtained it was not void for want of consent.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6963375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Cases cited:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Chalmers v Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  [1963] 3 All }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 ER 552
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Phalad v Sukh Raj}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  (FCA Reps 78/471)

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 A. Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  for the Plaintiff
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5182908\charrsid9859506 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 . Maharaj}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  for the Defendant
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Interlocutory application in the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Jesuratnam J:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
In this matter the plaintiff seeks an extension (and the defendant the dissolution) of an interim injunction I issued restraining the defendant from proceeding with the mortgage sale.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The plaintiff, Suruj Kumari, as the sole trustee and executrix of the e
state of Ganga Dei, is suing the defendant, Rewa Development Ltd, for a declaration that the mortgage no. 196120 of 23.11.1982 entered into by the late Ganga Dei with the defendant is null and void because it, inter alia, contravenes section 13 of the Cro
wn Lands Act according to which the consent of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506  the Director of Lands must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 first had and obtained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 before the execution of a mortgage relating to land governed by that section. The land in question, which is the subject of the present mortgage, admittedly comes within the purview of section 13 of the Crown Lands Act.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 It is the case of the plaintiff that this mortgage was executed on 23.11.82 whereas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
the consent of the Director of Lands was obtained only on the subsequent day i.e. on 24.11.82 and that therefore the mortgage is in breach of section 13 and is thus unlawful and unenforceable.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
Mr. Maharaj for the defendant argues that a mortgage becomes effective only when the consent of the Director of Lands has been obtained and the instrument is registered
. He states that this mortgage was executed on 23.11.82, the consent of the Director of Lands was obtained on 24.11.82 and it was registered on 25.11.82. His point is that at the time of registration the consent of the Director had been given and therefor
e section 13 has been complied with.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
Mr. Maharaj further argued that the breach, if any, is only a technical one and the fact that the Director endorsed his consent on the document on 24.11.82 nullified any prior breach. I do not agree with this argument. 
If there had been a breach of section 13 it seems to me that the breach is incurable. Section 13 is in imperative terms and is analogous in many respects to section 12 of the Native Land Trust Act. Any breach of section 13 will vitiate the mortgage.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2846406 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 What is prohibited under section }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 13 of the Crown Lands Act is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 in terms whereas under section 12 of the Native Lands Trust Act one has to look for the meaning of the word }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  before classifying whether the prohibited act falls within the term unless o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 f course the prohibited act is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 sale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 transfer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506  or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 sublease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  which are specifically mentioned.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11221576 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11221576\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
The crucial question in this case th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 erefore is when does a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  become a m
ortgage. Is it at the time the mortgage document is executed? Or is it at the time when it is registered by the Registrar.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The Land T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
ransfer Act (Cap. 131) defines }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506  as meaning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 any charge on land or any estate or interest therein, created under the provisions of this Act for securing (a) t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 he repayment of a loan \'85\'85\'85..}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2846406\charrsid9859506 "}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Section 37 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 f the Land Transfer Act states:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16131210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 No instrument until registered in accordance with the provisions of this Act shall be effectual to create, vary, extinguish or pass a
ny estate or interest or encumbrance in, on or over any land subject to the provisions of this Act, but upon registration the estate or interest or encumbrance shall be created, varied, extinguished or passed in the manner and subject to the covenants and
 conditions expresse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 d or implied in the instrument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Section 5 of the Land Transfer Act brings in this land along with other types of lands within the purview of the Land Transfer Act.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 It is therefore clear and beyond doubt that a mortgage of l
and becomes effective only on registration. All steps taken and arrangements made prior to registration are really on the threshold. The mere execution of a document of mortgage does}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 not seem to be more than a piece of paper.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16131210\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 It seems to be really an agre
ement to mortgage. It becomes effective and legal as a mortgage only on registration. Any earlier steps taken are without legal consequences. Nor can such steps be illegal or unlawful.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 A mere agreement to mortgage which the instant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 was on 23.11.82 is not illegal or unlawful. There are a number of authorities which considered the analogous provision of section 12 of the Native Land Trust Act according to which prior agreements to lease or sublease before t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 he necessary consent of the NLT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 B is obtained are not unlawful or void.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The Privy Council said in the classic case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506  [1963] 3 All ER 552 at p. 557:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4537150 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 It is true that in[}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Harnam Singh and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506  Backshish v. Bawa Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506  (1958-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9859506 59) FLR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  31] the Court of Appeal said that it
 would be an absurdity to say that a mere agreement to deal with land would contravene section 12, for there must necessarily be some prior agreement in all such cases. Otherwise there would be noth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 ing for which to seek the Board}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 s consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The Fiji Court of Appeal said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
Phalad and Sukh Rai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  (FCA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 Reps. 78/471):-}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4537150 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 The cases already cited show that the courts have held that the mere making of a contract is not neces}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 sarily prohibited by section 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9268658 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 In those cases it was laid down that what were prohibite
d were the acts done in pursuance of the agreements prior to consent. It should also be remembered that section 12 of the Native Land Trust Act refers to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  in land which can occur in a multitude of situations. There can be }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  in land in a th
ousand and one ways. Agreement coupled with some acts can cover the situation.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 But in section 13 of the Crown Lands Act the word }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 is in terms specifically used as one of the prohibited acts whereas in section 12 of the Native Land Trust Act the word }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  covers all the prohibited acts. And the word }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  has a specific technical and legal meaning as defined in the Land Transfer Act. The meaning of mortgage is restricted to its definition.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 In the case of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7800605\charrsid9859506 mortgage,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 or the agreement to mortgage becomes a mortgage only on registration. There are no prior stages of a mortgage which can be said to be prohibited by themselves and fall into the prohibited class of acts.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 I am therefore of the view that in the instant case
 the effective date on which the mortgage came into legal existence was the date of its registration which was 25th November, 1982. The consent of the Director had been obtained on the 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 th }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
November, 1982. The mortgage does not therefore contravene section 13 of the Crown Lands Act. It is lawful and is in order.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Mr. Khan for the plaintiff also raised 2 other objections against the mortgage. On the second }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7800605\charrsid9859506 objection,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 he argued that the mortgage is null and void}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506  as the defendant is an unlicens}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 ed moneylender and the lending transaction is therefore unlawful and unenforceable.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 There is no evidence in this case that the defendant was engaged in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 business}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6963375\charrsid9859506 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  of money}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9268658\charrsid9859506 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 lending. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7800605\charrsid9859506 Admittedly,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
 the instant case is one of mortgage of land to secure a loan. I do not see any merit in this argument.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 Mr. Khan abandoned his third objection that in entering into the mortgage transaction the defendant acted }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 ultra vires}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
 its articles and memorandum of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506  Association of the defendant company.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 I therefore dissolve the interim injunction with costs.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4537150\charrsid9859506 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 
Application granted; injunction dissolved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3740407\charrsid9859506 .)
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