{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff31507\deff0\stshfdbch31505\stshfloch31506\stshfhich31506\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}
{\f1\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial{\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}
{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times};}{\f336\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}
{\f337\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}{\f339\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}{\f340\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}
{\f341\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}{\f342\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}{\f343\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}
{\f344\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}{\f346\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE{\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f347\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr{\*\falt Helvetica};}
{\f349\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek{\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f350\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur{\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f351\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew){\*\falt Helvetica};}
{\f352\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic){\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f353\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic{\*\falt Helvetica};}{\f354\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese){\*\falt Helvetica};}
{\f676\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f677\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f679\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f680\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}
{\f683\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f684\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f716\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}{\f717\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}
{\f719\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f720\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f721\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}{\f722\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}
{\f723\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f724\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f725\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}
{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}
{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}
{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}
{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}
{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}
{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}
{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}
{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times};}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times};}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times};}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times};}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times};}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times};}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
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\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon42 \slink43 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid9777888 Comment Subject Char;}{
\s45\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f38\hich\af38\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext45 \slink46 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid9777888 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs46 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink45 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid9777888 
Balloon Text Char;}{\s47\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext47 \spriority0 \styrsid9777888 message-level-1;}{\*\cs48 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid9777888 citation;}{\*
\cs49 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid9777888 Hyperlink;}{\s50\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext50 \shidden \ssemihidden \styrsid4400252 Revision;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-308997433\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\'00;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat0\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'00;}{\levelnumbers;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \hres0\chhres0 }{\listname ;}\listid-1666444796}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid-1666444796\listoverridecount0\ls1}}{\*\pgptbl {\pgp\ipgp4
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp4\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp20\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp4\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp4\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp18\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0
\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp18\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp18\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp13\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp13\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp15\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}
{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp15\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp15\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp20\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp24\itap0\li720\ri720\sb100\sa100}{\pgp
\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp23\itap0\li720\ri720\sb100\sa100}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid90515\rsid204776\rsid286521\rsid610850\rsid725739\rsid987666\rsid1322847\rsid1471771\rsid1775333\rsid2120503\rsid2438256\rsid2700262\rsid2888720\rsid2969621
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\rsid11154637\rsid11163875\rsid11797269\rsid11868872\rsid11942875\rsid12681120\rsid12846870\rsid13330554\rsid13332539\rsid13437022\rsid13789678\rsid14161761\rsid14879092\rsid14970096\rsid15481059\rsid15599502\rsid15759506\rsid16196133\rsid16391790}
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\dghorigin1080\dgvorigin1440\dghshow0\dgvshow3\jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale140\rsidroot3035326 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\psz9\sbknone\linex0\colsx331\sectlinegrid299\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1775333\sftnbj 
{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\scaps\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1775333\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\scaps\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1322847 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16391790 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 RAJESH RAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1322847 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846870\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 SOHAN RAM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1322847 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2888720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Kermode J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1775333 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 20 January 1985}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1322847 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (Negligence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846870\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f "Symbol" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f3\fs24}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Motor vehicle accident}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f "Symbo
l" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f3\fs24}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 agency of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 def}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 endant driver binding owner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846870\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f "Symbol" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f3\fs24}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sumption that driver was agent of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 owner rebuttable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12846870\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f "Symbo
l" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f3\fs24}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 unchallenged evidence that driver was not such agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 45 \\f "Symbo
l" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f3\fs24}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4400252\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 acceptance of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 such evidence). 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid987666\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for the Appellant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. Chandra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for the Respondent. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal against decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 Magistrate's Court given on 25 May 1984 awarding $250 to the plaintiff against the defendant in effect for special damages for negligence for which defendant as owner of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
a motor vehicle negl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid204776\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 igently driven was responsible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Statement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Claim had alleg\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ed that the plaintiff at all material times was the owner of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vehicle AC6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 11,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 the first defendant was the owner of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vehicle AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
912 and the second defendant (presumably mentioned in the Statement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Claim) the servant or agent of the first defendant. It further alleged that the two vehicles were involved in an accident on 29 July 1983 and that the action was solely due to the negligent driving of the second defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Thereafter instead of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pleading 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 damages to his ve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid987666\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hicle and claiming special and/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or general damages plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
claimed that the first and second defendants after the collision agreed in writing to pay the sum of $300 for the damages. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The first defendant filed a defence admitting ownershi\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 p of vehicle AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
912 but denying the second defendant was his servant or agent. He denied all the allegations regarding the accident except admitting he had learnt that his vehicle had been involved in an accident near the junction of Velau Drive. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The learned Magistrate ordered the two defendants to file defences within 14 days. No defence wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the second defend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ant who however appeared in per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
son on adjourned date for hearing and admitted liability for $200 and costs. This was not accepted by\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 the plaintiff. Notwithstanding this non-acceptance the Magistrate did give judgment for the plaintiff against the second defendant for $200 and costs. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Both Counsel and Magistrate appeared to have completely ignored the pleading and the issues to be trie
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mr Chandra for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 plaintiff (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 respondent) called the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 who gave very brief details }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 action and that his vehicle was damaged. He endeavoured to produce the receipt for parts alleged to have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 een purchased for $147 to which objection was t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 aken and upheld.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The plaintiff however was permitted to state that he spend $147 for parts and had paid Michael Motors $103.50 for labour. Following cross examination two receipts including the o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ne for $147 earlier tendered and one for $103.50 not given by Michael Motors but by one Simadri Sami were admitted apparently without comment. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There was no attempt by plaintiff to prove that the first defendant signed the alleged agreement to pay him $30
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 0. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The first defendant in evidence denied he had agreed to pay $300 to the plaintiff, he did not know}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the second defendant who was not his servant or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 agent. He said that on 1st July 1983 he had handed his vehicle a taxi to one Sunil Kumar to drive and lo\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ok after in return for payment of $60 a month, at which time Sunil Kumar was working for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Kumar. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate in his judgment ignored the claim based on an agreement to pay $300. He commenced his reasons thus: 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "The plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s claim is that $300 ba\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sed on negligent driving of the second }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defendant."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Thus he erred in so describing the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7756769\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 claim which, while alleging negligence was based on contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 an alleged agreement by the two defendants to pay $300. There was no such agreement produced a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
nd the plaintiff did not testify that any such agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ad been entered into. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Despite these pleadings the Magistrate treated the action as claim for special damages for negligence. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In cross examination the first defendant's statement that he did not \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
know the second defendant and had only seen him in court for the first time was not challenged. Yet the Magistrate did not make any finding as to the credibility of the first defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  but took the unusual step of}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 deciding the matter on the balance of pro\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 babilities i.e. that the first defendant had failed to rebut the presumption that the second defendant was his servant or agent. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11797269\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 : Where no more is known of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10956305\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 facts and at the time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 accident the vehicle was owned but not driven by A it can be said that that ownership affords some evidence that the vehicle was being driven by the owner's servant or agent. If facts bearing on service or agency are known the problem is to be decided on
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the totality }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  evidence. The Magistrate did not weigh the available evidence on the issue of vicarious liability. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10956305\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10956305\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 istrate did not hold as a fact that the second defendant was at the material ti}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 me the servant or ag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ent of the first defendant. W\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hat he held was that the first defendant had failed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ebut the presumption that that was the situation. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate had not properly considered who carried the burden of esta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
lishing the issue or the nature of the presumption. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The ownership }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 car is only prima facie evidence that it is, if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not being driven by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the owner being driven by his servant or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
agent. In this case the alleged driver was known and was made a party to the action. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
had merely established that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the first defend\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ant owned the car}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
and it was being driven b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the second defendant but there was other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence rebutting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the prima fa
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ie presu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ption which was not challenged in cross examination or by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
any rebuttive evidence called by the plaintiff. The failure by counsel \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to cross examine the first defendant on his stor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
that the second defendant was not known to him and was not his servant or age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t must be deemed to imply acceptance of that evidence. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There was evidence that the second defendant was not the agent or serva\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nt }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  first defendant to rebut the presumption (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 On a proper consideration of the evidence the Magistrate should have held that the plaintiff had failed to establish that the second defendant was at the material times the agent or servant of the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  first defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal allowed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Judgment against}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the first defendant set aside.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Claim against the first defendant dismissed. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cases referred to: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Samuel Su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
as Chandra }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Dhurup Singh & another F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  18 of 1982. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Sully}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1931) 47 TLR 557}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Gan\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 esh & Ram Asre }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 Mahmood Ali & }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 24 FLR 147}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9777888\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ramb}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rran}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Gu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rrucharran}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (1970) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  All ER 749}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7078813\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Hemns }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Wheeler
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1948) 2 KB 61}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2120503\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Browne }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Dunn}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1894) 6 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Co }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ep }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 67}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 K}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \scaps\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid90515\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ermode}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Mr Justice 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Judgment
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13437022\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The appellant who was the defendant in the Court below appeal\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
s against the judgment of the first class Magistrate's Court Suva delivered on the 25th May, 1984}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9650316\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7094361\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There are 6 grounds of appeal as under: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7094361\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12681120\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
HAT the Learned Magistrate erred in law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7094361\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and in fact in awarding the sum of $250.50 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 TW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 O HUNDRED FIF}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Y DOLLAR
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 S AND FIF}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 CENTS) for labour and parts to the Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
when in fact the Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16196133\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did not call the Repairer of his said Motor Vehicle No}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 AC611 to give evidence and prove that in fact he had carried out the alleged repairs on the Plaintiffs said Motor Ve\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hicle which had cost the Plaintiff the said sum of $250.50 (TW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  HUNDRED }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 FIFTY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS), 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 2\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
THAT the Learned Magistrate erred in law and in fact in awarding to the Plaintiff the sum of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 $250.50 for labour and parts when in fact according to \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
paragraph 4 of the Plaintiffs pleadings his case was based on an alleged written contract between the 1st Defendant and the Plaintiff and no such alleged contract was produced or proved before the Court at the trial and accordingly the Court had erred in 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ntering}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 judgment in the sum of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 $250.50 for labour and parts. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
THAT the Learned Magistrate erred in rejecting and not giving due consideration to the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  1st Defendant who said that he had hired his taxi to one taxi driver Sunil Kumar at the 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 monthly payment of $60.00 (SIX}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Y DOLLARS) with instructions not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
to give his said taxi to anyone else to drive and the said evidence rebuts the presumption that the 2nd Defendant whom the 1st Defendant had not known, drove the said taxi as a servant or agen\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t Defendant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 4\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
THAT the Learned Magistrate had erred in allowing $10.00 for taxi fares when no claim had been made by the Plaintiff in his pleadings for taxi fare. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 5\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
THAT the findings and the decision of the Learned Magistrate cannot reasona\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bly be supported having regard to the Pleadings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and evidence adduced in the case. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 6\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
THAT the Learned Magistrate erred by not giving any weight or due consideration to the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Appellant." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Statement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Claim was very brie\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f. It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
was alleged that the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was at all material times the owner of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10248809\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vehicle AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
611, the second defendant was owner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vehic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e AC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
912 and that the second defendant was the servant and/or agent of the first defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It was further alleged that the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
two vehicles were involved in an accident on the 29th July, 1983}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1471771\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 near the junction to Velau Drive and that the accident was solely due to the negligence of the second defendant. Particulars of negligence were given. 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Instead of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
pleading damage to his veh\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 icle and claiming}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  special and/or general damages}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1471771\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the claim of the plaintiff was for payment of an agreed sum of $300. Paragraph 4 of the Statement of Claim states: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "THAT the first and second defendant after the collision agreed in writing to pay the sum\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  of $300.00 for the damages but to date has not paid." }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The plaintiff then claimed judgment for $300.00 and costs. There was no claim for damages. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The first defendant filed a Defence admitting he was at all material times the owner of vehicle AC912 but 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 denied the second defendant was his servant or agent. He denied all the allegations regarding the accident except}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
that he admitted he later learnt that his vehicle had been involved in an accident near junction to Velau Drive. He denied the allegations in \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 paragraph 4 of the Statement of Claim. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The learned Ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
istrate on the first call ordered that the two defendants file Defences within 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 days. The Record shows that Mr Singh appeared for both defendants. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 No Defence was filed by the second defendant but \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he appear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
d in person on the adjourned date and admitted liability }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 $200 and costs. Mr Chandra did not accept this. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Notwithstanding this non acceptance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the Record shows that the Magistrate gave judgment for the plaintiff against the second defendant \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for $200 and costs. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13332539\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Both counsel and the Magistrate then appear to have completely ignored the pleadings and the issues to be tried.
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mr Chandra called only the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
who gave very brief}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 details }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  accident and that his vehicle was damaged. The \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 endeavoured to produce a receipt for parts alleged to have been purchased for $147. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mr Singh's objection to tendering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 receipt was upheld but plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as permitted to state that he spent $147 for parts. He stated he paid Michael Motors \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 $103.50 for labour. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
When cross-examined he said he had receipts for payments and two receipts including the one objected to earlier were tendered and admitted by the Magistrate. The receipt for $103.50 was given not by Michael Motors but by one Simadri S
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ami. Counsel did not comment on this. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Plaintiff made no attempt to prove that the first defendant signed the alleged agreement to pay him $300. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The first defendant's evidence also was very brief. He denied that he had agreed to pay $300 to the plaintif
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f. He said he did not know the second defendant who was not his servant or agent. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 He said that on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 st}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 July}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1983}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  he had handed over his vehicle which was a taxi to one Sunil Kumar to drive and look after. Sunil Kumar was to pay him $60 a month. At the t
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ime Sunil Kumar was working for a B. Kumar. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 agistrate in his judgment i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
gnored the claim based on an alleged agreement to pay the sum of $300 and commence his judgment in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 follo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ing manner: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "The plaintiffs claim is for $300 based on negligent dr\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 iving of the second defendant". 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The learned Magistrate erred in describing the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 claim which while alleging negligence was based on contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 an alleged agreement by the two defendants to pay $300. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 No such agreement was produced and the plai\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ntiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
did not testify that any such agreement had been entered into. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There was not in any event any claim for special damages. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Despite the pleadings the Magistrate treated the action as a claim for special damages for negligence. Neither counsel took a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ny o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
jection to this course of action. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Order IX Rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 of the Magistrates' Courts Rule permits a plaintiff to state his claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in the writ of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 summons brie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  in a general form. Order XV}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  refers to the fact that such shall ordinarily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 heard and de\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 termined in a summar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  manner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 thout pleadings but pleadings may be ordered. Where they are ordered Order XV}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Rule 3 applies. No Statement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Claim was ordered in the instant case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ut a Defence was ordered. The rule applied therefore to the Defence only. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Notwithstanding the many defects in the Statement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Claim}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 the first defendant can have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 een under no misapprehension as to what the plaintiff was claiming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11154637\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
amely $300 to compensate him for damage caused to his car by the negligent driving of the second \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defendant whom he alleged was the servant or agent of the first defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9773209\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
The Magistrate was correct in holding that the main issue is whether the second defendant was at the material time the servant or agent of the first defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In considering th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is issue, the Magistrate referred to the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Samuel Su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as Chandra v. Dhurup Singh &}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Another}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  C\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 A 18 of 1982. That case referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Barnard v. Sully}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1931) 47 T\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 L\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  557 where it was held that: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "Where a plaintiff in an action for negligence proves tha\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t damage has been caused by defendant's motor car, the fact of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ownership }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  motor car is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 prima facie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  evidence that the motor car, at the material time, was being driven by the owner or by his servant or agent." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate stated that the first de\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
fendant "claimed that he knew nothing about the second defendant but that he had given the taxi to one Sunil Kumar". 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 That was not what the first defendant "claimed" he gave evidence on oath to that effect. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The record }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 cross-examination does not i\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ndicate that the first defendant's statement that he did not know the second defendant and had only seen him in Court on that day for the first time was challenged. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The cross-examination recorded indicates that the first defendant was questioned about tr
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ansfer of taxi permit and his relationship to Sunil Kumar. It was established that Sunil Kumar was not related to the first defendant and was at the material time employed by a B. Kumar. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Despite the fact that the first defendant was not shaken in his tes\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
timony, the Magistrate did not make any finding as to his credibility. He took the unusual step of deciding the matter on the balance of probabilities. Having remarked that Sunil Kumar was not called he stated he was "left with the evidence of the first d
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fendant alone". 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On the balance of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
probabilities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the Magistrate held that the first defendant has failed to rebut the presumption that the second defendant was his servant or agent when the accident occurred. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate stated he had considered the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ganesh & Ram Asre v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mahmood}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Ali}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 & }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  24 FLR 147. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
It appears to me that the Magistrate did not properly consider Ganesh's case where the Fiji Court of Appeal fully considered the law of vicarious liability as regards the owner of a vehicle. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ram Barran v. Gurruch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 arran}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 970) 1 ALL E
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  749 a case that went}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to the Privy Council Lord Donovan at p.751 stated: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid204776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "Where no more is known }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 
,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  than that at the time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n acci}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dent the car was owned but not driven by A it can be s\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 aid that A's ownership affords }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  evidence that it was being driven by his servant or agent. But when the facts bearing on the question of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 service or agency are known or sufficiently known}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 then clearly the problem must be dec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ided on the totality of the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evi}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dence." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate did not weigh the available evidence on the issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  of vicarious liabilities. It wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s not an issue to be decided on the balance of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 probabilities}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Fiji Court of Appeal referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Hemns v. Wheeler}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1948] 2 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  61 at page 65: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9568876 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "Whether there is any evidence to support the county court judge's findings of fact is always a question of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 law .......... it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is for}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the county court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 judge to find the facts and to draw the inferences from those facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  but that it is always a question of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  which will warrant the interference of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  this court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11163875\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 whether there was any evidence to support his findings of fact and whether the inferences he has drawn are possible inferences from the facts as found." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate did not hold as a fact that th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e second defendant was at the material time the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ervant or agent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13330554\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  first defendant. What he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  held was that the first defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dant had failed to rebut the presumption that that was the situation. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is open to this Court to consider the evidence before t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
he Magistrate to see whether there was any evidence to support his finding that the first defendant had failed to rebut the presumption. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
It would appear that the Magistrate did not properly consider who carried the burden of establishing the issue or the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  nature of the presumption. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The fact of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15759506\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ownership }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  motor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 car}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 prima}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 acie}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence that the car}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
not being driven by the owner was being driven by his servant or agent. In the instant case the driver was known and was made a party to the act\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ion. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Lord Donovan in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Gurrucharran's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  case at p.752 said: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14879092 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
........ The onus of proof of agency rests on the party who alleges it. An inference can be drawn from ownership that the driver was the servant or agent of the owner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or in other words}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  that th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is fact is some evidence fit to go to a jury. This inference may be drawn in the absence }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2888720\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ll other evidence bearing on the issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  or if such other evidence as there is fails to counterbalance it. It must be established by the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he is to make\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the owner liable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid725739\charrsid1775333 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 that the driver was driving the car as the servant or agent of the owner and not merely for the driver's own benefit and on his own concerns." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11942875 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
merely established that the first defendant owned the car}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and that it was bein\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 g driven b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 the second defendant. There was other evidence rebutting the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 prima}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fac}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  presumption which I have already indicated was not challenged in c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 oss-examination. No rebuttal evidence was called by the plaintiff. On the authority to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Browne }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . Dunn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 894) 6 R.67 the failure by Mr Chandra to cross-examine the first defendant on his story that the second defendant was not known to him and was not his servant or agent must be deemed to imply acceptance of that evidence. 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Magistrate did not reject the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 first defendant's evidence, he merely held the evidence was not sufficient to rebut the presumption. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
There was in my view evidence that the second defendant was not the agent or servant of the first defendant to rebut the presumption and on a proper con\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
sideration of the evidence the Magistrate should have held that the plaintiff had failed to establish that the second defendant was at the material time the agent or servant of the first defendant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The appeal is allowed. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The judgment against the first \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
defendant is set aside. The claim against the first defendant is dismissed with costs to him of this appeal and in the Court below. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16391790\charrsid1775333 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal allowed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3035326\charrsid1775333 
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