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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15285700\charrsid15285700 SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid15285700 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid3037276 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid3037276 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 PARMESHWAR
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid538107 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3037276 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 THE MINISTER FOR TOURISM, TRANSPORT & C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid13649578 IVIL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578  AVIATION & THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL IN AND FOR THE FIJI
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 Kermode J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15285700 
\par 
\par 29 October 1982}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 Industrial Law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 Trade Disputes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 -}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 Shipyard Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 Notice of Downgrading invalid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 
Declaration therefor purported regrading null and void}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 . 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4800978 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578  Maharaj}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  for Plaintiff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4800978 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid13649578  K. L. Maharaj}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  for Defendant 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Application by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 plaintiff for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 a declaration that a purported regrading of him by the Shipyard Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 the Government Shipyard was null and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 void and an order reinstating him to his former grading as an employee. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par The plaintiff was in a category "Government Unestablished Employee", in respect of which written conditions and rules for employment were agreed to by the Joint Industrial Council (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 JI}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 C) for Government Unestablished employees on 29 December 1976 and came into force on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555521 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  January 1968. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Facts proven or accepted by the court included: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13649578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
In 1978 plaintiff was engaged by the Public Works Department (PWD) as an Assistant Plumber. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 On 17 February 1981 he completed an application form seeking employment in the Marine Department as a Boilermaker disclosing therein that he was then employed by the PWD as a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Assistant Plumber. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Upon interview}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 was noted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 that plaintiff}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 would be suitabl
e for employment as a Welder or an Assistant Platemaker and that he was already employed as an Assistant Plumber. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Supervisor who tested him recorded that the test result was "very good" and recommended he should start immediately as a Platemaker. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Shipyard Manager confirmed the Supervisor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s recommendation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The plaintiff was engaged as a Platemaker on 6 March 1981. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 On or about 16 September 1981 without prior notice or explanation plaintiff received a Marine Department "regrading sheet" notifying him of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 his new classification as Assistant Platemaker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555521  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 with a rate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 of pay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 lower by $1.41 (per hour). The date of commencement of the new classification was 11 September 1981. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 This regrading sheet was one of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
downgrading and reduction to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  hourly rate with retrospective effect. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Senior Supervisor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 Government Shipyard said in evidence he had no complaints about the plaintiffs work which previously was up to standard. 
\par 
\par The Plaintiffs Foreman said he had at no time complained }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 of plaintiffs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 work or recommended downgrading, that the standard of his work was very good, that the Shipyard Manager wanted to downgrade him and he told the Manager not to do so because of (plaintiffs) past good performance. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 In reply to a letter dated 23 September 1981 from plaintiff querying }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 his new grad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ing the Shipyard Manager set out his reasons which include: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
"Your regrading has been made, because it is now apparent that you were a plumber assistant in the Public Works Department }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 prior to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  joining Marine Department on transfer. The circumstances of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 your}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 joining}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
us this way is similar to promoting a Plumber }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 in our Plumber Shop to become a Platemaker in our Boilermaking Shop, which you will have to agree lacks basic natural justice, considering others who h
ave been working in this department for ages now. Under the circumstances, it is only fair that you should follow the proper channel of promotion. You}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  therefore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  should first serve as a Trade Assistant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  become an Assistant Platemaker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 before you can be promoted to become a Platemaker. The action taken therefore is merely to normalize the breach }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 of our}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  system }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 of promoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 people; the breach which was created when you jumped from a Plumber Assistant to become a Platemaker. We have allowed one step though, that you become an Assistant Platemaker. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8521931 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
Furthermore, while it can be said that you have experience in platemaking generally, there is no proof available to say that you have had experience in ship construction, to warrant your direct promotion to the position of Platemaker." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par The Court found the reasons expressed were not valid. It did not accept that the Manager had downgraded him for those reasons or believed he could do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Court accepted that the real reason for purported downgrading was the Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s capitulation to Union pressure as evidenced by later paragraphs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 letter quoted in the judgement which included }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 that one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 obs was to keep industrial peace. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Court commented that "the Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
s way of keeping industrial peace was to pacify the Union by riding roughshod over the plaintiff and ignoring his rights and feelings." 
\par 
\par The plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  then being a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555521\charrsid8416096 member}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid555521  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 PWD Employees Union, received no satisfaction from it when he complained and was told to "go to hell." 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Rule 32 provided for regrading of employees thus: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 "(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8521931 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Where an employe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8610040 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  is to be regraded, the officer in charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid555521 will}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  give such notice in writing as is reasonably possible to the employee and to the section representative." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Shipyard manager had deliberately ignored this rule and purported to notify the plaintiff that he had downgraded him some days before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 the date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  of the notice which was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 of notice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  to downgrading and not, as the rule mentioned, notice of intention to regrade. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The first defendant should not have been a party and action against him was dismissed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8521931 Held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
: The purported regrading without prior notice and with retrospective effect was not within the Shipyard Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
s powers and must be considered a nullity. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Crown Proceedings Act S.15(1) (Proviso (a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
) did not permit an order reinstating. The Court was empowered to make a declaratory order which it made in the following terms: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
"I order and declare that the purported regrading of the plaintiff from the classification of Platemaker to Assistant Platemaker with effect from 11 September 1981 was ultra vires. The authority }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  officer empowered to regrade the plaintiff is null and void and of no effect." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 KERMODE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4484735 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Mr Justice: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8521931 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid4484735 Judgment
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The plaintiff is a Government employee working at the Marine Department Suva. He is what is termed a Government unestablished employee. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 In respect of such unestablished employees there are written conditions and rules for employment agreed to by the Join
t Industrial Council for Government Unestablished Employees on the 29th December, 1967, which came into force on the 1st January, 1968. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 In 1978 the plaintiff was engaged by the Public Works Department as an assistant plumber. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 On the 17th February, 1981, he filled in an application seeking employment in the Marine Department as a boilermaker. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 Of relevance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  in this action, he dearly disclosed in his application that he was at the time of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 is applications employed by the Public Works Department,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 as an assistant plumber. He was interviewed and given tests to assess his capabilities. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The person who interviewed him noted on the application form that the plaintiff would be suitable for employment as a welder or assistant platemaker. The interviewer also noted 
that the plaintiff was already employed by the Public Works Department as an Assistant Plumber. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Supervisor who tested him, Peni Koroi, has recorded on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  that the test result was "very good", the highest rating on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
. He recommended "It good. To start as a platemaker. To start immediately". The Shipyard Manager confi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 rm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ed the Supervisor}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s recommendation and the plaintiff was engaged as a platemaker on the 6th March, 1981. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The only document given to the plaintiff on his engagement was a Marine Department "Engagement Sheet" signed by the Personnel Officer. The sheet specifies the job title "Platemaker" an
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13260163 d the Rate of Pay $155 c.p.h."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 On or about the 16th September, 1981, without any prior notice or explanation, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 pl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 intiff received}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  a Marine Department "Regarding Sheet" which notified him of}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s new classification as Assistant Platemaker and of his new rate of pay at the lower figure of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  $1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 .41 (an hour). The sheet, or notice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 if it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  is considered as such, stated that the date of commencement of the new classification was 11.09.81. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par If this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 rading Sheet was intended to be a notice}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  it was notice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 owngrading and red}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 u}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13260163\charrsid8416096 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 hourly rate of pay with retrospective effe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 t. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The defendants in their original defence, a
s an alternative defence, alleged the downgrading was effected with the consent and acquiescence of the plaintiff and arose because (inter alia) his work was below standard. An amended defence was filed omitting this alternative defence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Senior Supervisor of the Government Shipyard was called as a witness by the plaintiff. He said he had no complaints about the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  work, which previously was up to standard. He did say, however, that since he was downgraded the plaintiffs work was not so good. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 plaintiff's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 foreman said he had at no time complained about the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16480154 's}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 work or recommended that he be downgraded. He said that, from the start to the time he was downgraded, the standard of the plaintiffs work was very good. This witness said th
e Shipyard Manager, Mr A. T. Naigulevu, wanted to downgrade him and he told the Manager not to do so because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 of his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  past good per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
ance on the job. He said he was surprised when the plaintiff was downgraded. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Shipyard Manager in reply to a letter from the plaintiff querying his new grading set out in his letter of 23/9/81 his reasons for the downgrading. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Two reasons are given in the letter as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 "Your regrading has been made, because it is now app
arent that you were a plumber assistant in the Public Works Department prior to joining Marine Department on transfer. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8416096 circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  of your joining us this way is similar to promoting a Plumber }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 C}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 in our Plumber Shop to become a Platemaker in our Boilermaking Shop, which you will have to agree lacks basic natural justice, considering others who have been working in this department for ages now. Under the circumstances, it is only fair that you sho
uld follow the proper channel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of promotion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
. You, therefore, should first serve as a Trade Assistant, become an Assistant Platemaker, before you can be promoted to become a Plamaker. The action taken therefore is merely to normalize the breach }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of our}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  system }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of promoting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  people; the breach which was created when you jumped from a Plumber Assistant to become a Plat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13260163 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 maker. We have allowed one step though, that you become an Assistant Platemaker. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Furthe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 
rm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ore, while it can be said that you have experi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
nce in platemaking generally, there is no proof available to say that you have had experience in ship construction, to warrant your direct promotion to the position of Platemaker." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 These were not valid reasons for downgrading the plaintiff after he had been appoin
ted to the new position and had been working in it for over six months and I do not accept that the Manager in fact downgraded him for those stated reasons or believed he could do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The real reason was the Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
s capitulation to Union pressure and evidence of this appears in paragraphs 5 and 6 of his letter which are as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 "In any case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 if I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 could please digress)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 I am really surprised, that you have been able to get on the wrong side }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of your}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  own Union in such a short time of employment in th
is department. You must understand that Fiji has reached a stage where Union recognition is compulsory, and I would expect all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
workers in the Shipbuilding Section, which is under my command to be Union members. How on earth you got the Union to petition us, against your own position is absolutely inexplicable, and perhaps you would like to enlighten me on the matter. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 One }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of my}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  jobs is to keep industrial peace in this Section, and I suggest to you that you should make your peace treaty with your Union." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par The Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s way of keeping industrial peace in his section was to pacify the Union }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  riding rough shod over the plaintiff and ignoring his rights and feelings. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The plaintiff at the time he was downgraded was a member of the P.W.D. Employees Union. He 
received no satisfaction from the Union when he complained to officials about the downgrading.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
When he went to see his Union delegate the delegate said "you go to hell". 
\par 
\par Mr Sukulu Tabi, a platemaker who worked with the plaintiff, said he was "a representative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  people }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Union and members". He signed a petition organised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  the Union about the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 plaintiff setting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  out the grievances }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Union. He said the Union considered there were members in the Union better qualified than the plaintiff for the
 position. He admitted that on 19.8.82 he threw a stone at the plaintiff. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 to a question from the Court he said that one Kitione Tavaga, an assistant platemaker, was entitled to the job ahead of the plaintiff. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Union, its then office bearers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
and the Shipyard Manager have no reasons to be complacent or proud of their actions and conduct so far as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10166721\charrsid8416096 plaintiff is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  concerned. They treated him most unfairly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Rule 32 provides for regrading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of employees}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 . Paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid11826782 (a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid11826782 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  provides as follows: 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-450\li734\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin734\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 a) Where an employee is to be regraded, the officer in charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid10166721 will}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  give such notice in writing as is reasonably possible to the employee and to the section representative.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11826782 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li734\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin734\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 (Underlining is mine to emphasise the mandatory nature of the 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 rule.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Other paragraphs of the Rule provide a procedure that enables an employee to i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 nvoke the grieva}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 nce procedure (Rule 43). There is also provision that the Controller of Organization and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  Es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 tablishment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  allow or reject an appeal. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Shipyard Manager deliberately ignored this rule which he must have known and purported to notify the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
plaintiff that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  he had downgraded him some days before the date of his notice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Manager apparently has authority to downgrade an employee but he had no authority to downgrade him in breach }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  mandatory Rule 32(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid10166721 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
). The notice mentioned in this rule is notice of intention to regrade and not notice of the downgrading. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The purported regrading without prior notice and with retrospective effect was not within the Shipyard Manager}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 '}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 s powers and must be considered to be a nullity. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The purported regrading was in breach of contract but it did not terminate the contract of employment as might have been the situation in the case of wrongful dismissal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
If the Shipyard Manager made a mistake in recommending the plaintiff to the position with knowledge that he was already employed in the P.W.D. as an Assistant Plumber and the Union had valid grounds for complaint then it behoved him to find a niche for th
e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 plaintiff in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  the Public Works Department where his experience could be utilised without any loss of pay. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The Union for its part should also have pressed for this, if it had a justifiable complaint and not taken the course }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of unfairly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  persecuting and ignoring the rights }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of one}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
 members. So much so that the plaintiff felt compelled to resign from the Union. The plaintiff had breached the Union rule in applying for a position in the Marine Department. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Before considering the relief claimed, I would p
oint out that the first defendant should not have been made a party. He is not the employer of the plaintiff. The action against him is dismissed with no order as to costs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 The plaintiff seeks a declaration and an order reinstating him and damages. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 An order reinstating him would have the effect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of either}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  a mandatory injunction or an order for specific performance, relief which this Court is not legally empowered to grant. Section 15(1) Proviso (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid10166721 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ) of the Crown Proceedings Act provides as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li284\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 "
15.(1) In any civil proceedings by or against the Crown the court shall, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 subject to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  the provisions }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  Act, have power to make all such orders as it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 h}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 as power to make in proceedings between subjects, and otherwise to give such appropriate relief as the case may require: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li1004\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1004\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 Provided that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8416096\charrsid8416096 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid10166721 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ) where in any proceedings against the Crown }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8416096 any such}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  relief is sought as might in proceedings between subjects be granted by way of injunction or specific performance, the court shall not grant an injunction or make an order for specific per}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ance, but may in lieu thereof make an order declaratory of the rights of the parties; and 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li567\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13048472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid10166721 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 ) .................................................... 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8416096 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
\par All the Court is empowered to do is to make an order declaratory }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13649578 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096  rights of the plaintiff. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8521931 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 I order and declare that the purported regrading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8521931 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931  plaintiff from the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10166721 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 assification of Platemaker to Assistant Pla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 temaker with effect from the 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 th September 1981 was ultra vires the authority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10166721 
 of the officer empowered to re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 grade the plaintiff and is null and void and of no legal effect. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 The plaintiff is to have the costs of this action. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14745691\charrsid8521931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 udgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14745691  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8521931\charrsid8521931 for the Plaintiff against second defendant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9908751\charrsid8416096 
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