{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f42\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f43\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
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{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\psz9\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid3754769\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3
\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 [1970] 16 FLR 165
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 COURT OF APPEAL OF FIJI
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 JAI KISSUN SINGH
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 v.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 SUMINTRA
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
[COURT OF APPEAL, 1970 (Gould V.P., Marsack, J.A., Tompkins J.A.), 29th October, 13th November]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10901212 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid1247610 Civil Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Native land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 dealing in land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 mother and son owners of native leasehold - arrangement following upon a panchayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 whether or at what stage it in land requiring consent of Native Land Trust Board}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid866671 application for consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  signed by purchaser purporting to be agent of vendor}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 lack o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid866671 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8855601  agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10318081 i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8855601 al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5322518  authority-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  validity of consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Native Land Trust Ordinance (Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 115}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5322518 ss 12,27-Native Land(Leases and Licences)Regulations (Cap 115)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  reg. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5322518 35 - Crown Lands Ordinance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  (Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 113}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ).
\par 
\par Native Land Trust Board \endash  application for consent to dealing in native leasehold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  application made after agreement between parties implemented \endash  application for consent signed by assignee of leasehold as purported agent of assignor \endash 
 agential authority in fact lacking \endash  Native Land Trust Ordinance (Cap.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 115}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ) ss. 12, 27 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 Native Land (Leases and Licenses) Regulations (Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 115}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 ) reg. 35 \endash  Crown Lands Ordinance (Cap. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 113}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid6959447 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10583945\charrsid10583945 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 A native leasehold was held by the respondent and her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2048159\charrsid10583945 son}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9456182  equal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557 shares.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557\charrsid10583945  The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945  cane contract wit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10583945 h South Pacific Sugar Mills Ltd. was also in both their names
. On the 27th May, 1961}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 , a panchayat was hel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10583945 d and a docum}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 ent (hereinafter referred to as " the pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10583945 nchayat agreement\'94
) was then prepared and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12791806  signed by the respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 It amou}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12791806 nted to an agreement for the sale of the respon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 
dent's half interest in the land and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12791806 cane contract to the appellant for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419 \'a3
500, of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 which the latter then paid \'a3100, and th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419 
e balance was payable at the rate of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419\charrsid10583945 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419 100 per annum. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 As from the 27th May, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557 1961, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419 the appellant took}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945  over full management of the cane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419  and effected some improvements to the house; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945 
although he did not sign the panchayat agreement it was his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419  case that he took over}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10583945  sole control of the farm and operated it as owner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3803419\charrsid10583945 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Under section 12 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 f the Native Land Trust Ordinance the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890  prior consent of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557\charrsid6959447 Native}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rust Board was necessary to any dealing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557\charrsid6959447 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890  land in question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 and no application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 or such consent was made until the 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid3935890\charrsid3935890 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890  June, 1965, when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the appellant signed an application as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322557\charrsid6959447 \'93duly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  authorised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890  agent\'94 of the respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The consent was given, but in the Supreme Court the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890  trial judge held }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102\charrsid6959447 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  appellant acted without the respondent's authority }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3935890 and in the knowledge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  that such authority would not be given. The Supreme Co}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 urt rejected the res}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
pondent's claim that she had never signed the panchaya}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 t agreement; it also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  dismissed the appellant's counterclaim for specific performa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 nce of the agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  on the ground that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he Native Land Trust Board had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 misled into granting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the consent, which must be treated as non}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 existent. Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102 e appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 appealed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102  the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7100102\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par Held: 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14360401 per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 GOULD V.P. and TOMPK}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 INS J.A.: T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 here w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 as ample evidence to support the finding tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t the panchayat agreement amounted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401  to a dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  in land within the meaning of section 12 of the Native Land Tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 ust Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  The dealing would not have been invalidated had the consent b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 n applied for within a reasonable time a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nd before the agreement was put}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 
 into operation, but wherever the line must be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  drawn the full implementation of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401  agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2653197  for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401 
 four years before applying}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for the consent can only be in breach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401  of the section;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2653197 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401  dealing was therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 void.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14360401\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1448353 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1448353\charrsid14505392 Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1448353  GOULD V.P.: On a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
strict reading of section 12 in the light of its object an agreement for sale of native land wo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1448353 uld become void as soon as it w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 as implemen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ted in any way touching the land, without the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 onsent having been at least app}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 lied for.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14505392 Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  TOMPKINS J.A.: Once the agreement was acted on as a va}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 lid agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for the sale of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 respond}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ent's interest in the leased land it became}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7228667  null and void}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for lack of consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14505392 Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  GOULD V.P.: The dealing having become void before an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 y application}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for consent was made the consent finally given (apart from any c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3620970 
hallenge to it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  on other grounds) could not revive what was by law a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid3620970 nullity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par 5. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14505392 Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  MARSACK J.A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14505392 diss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392\charrsid14505392 enting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392 (i) By reason of the absence of the signature}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  of the appellant the pancha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392 yat did not put him under any obligation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  and he could not be sued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392  on it. (ii) There was evidence which}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8724651 , accepted,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 indicated that the appellant co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392 nsidered the panchayat agreeme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11696975  as a mere prelimin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14505392 ary t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11696975 o formal documents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  to be signed later. (iii) The acts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5003035 of ownership by the appellant could not, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 in view of the mother}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 son relationship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402 between the parties have the legal effect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 of binding the appellant to carry out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402 the terms of the panchayat agreement }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 (iv) T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402 
he panchayat agreement could not become a dealing in land until it bound}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  both parties to it. (v) There is n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402 o reason why an application for consent un}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 der section 12 of the Native Land Tru}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402 st Ordinance can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15413711 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8526402  be made by a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13242800 purch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13242800\charrsid6959447 aser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 . (vi) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4009784 It could not be said that the Trust Board was misled into granting the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 consen}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4009784 t. (vii) The transaction was not unlawful as being in contravention of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  se}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4009784 ction 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par Cases referred to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14761682 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  [1963]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  3 All ER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10311054  552}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 ; [1963] 1 WLR 677
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14761682 Harnam Singh & Backshish }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16544247 Singh }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16544247 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  Bawa Singh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 1958-59
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  6 FLR 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682\charrsid14761682 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14761682 Denning v. Edwardes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  [1960] 3 W.L.R.801
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14761682 Court Bros. (Furnishers)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682\charrsid14761682  Ltd. v
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16544247 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682\charrsid14761682  Sunbeam Transport Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 1969}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  15 FLR 206}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14761682 Fong Lee v. Mitlal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 1966}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14761682  FLR 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Appeal from a judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362 
of the Supreme Court ordering the appellant to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362 render }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 accounts and dismissing hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362 
s counterclaim for specific performance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid12080362 K. A. Stuart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for the appellant.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid12080362 M. S. Sahu Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  for the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12080362 respondent.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The facts are sufficiently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950  stated in the judgements.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The following judgments we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950 re read:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 GOULD V. P.: [13th Nove}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950 mber, 1970]-}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Though the record of the evidence in this appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8202551 it }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 is a substantial on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950 e the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  has been argued upon a li}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950 mited basis and only a brief su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 mmary of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16073950  the facts is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  necessary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The appellant is the son of the respondent. They had b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 
ecome the owners of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Native Lease No. 94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 88}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  of nearly sixteen acres of land mainly us}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 ed for sugar growing,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the cane contract being in the name of both parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239  On the 27
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid816239\charrsid816239 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239  May, 1
961, the following document (which has been referred to in the Supreme Court proceedings as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8202551 \'93the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239  panchayat agreement\'94) came into being:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid816239 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 23254
\par Stamped
\par Fiji
\par \'a35
\par 6/8/65
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid156289 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid156289 AGREEMENT OF PANCHAYAT (5 PEOPLE)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid156289\charrsid156289 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6621534 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534 27131
\par Stamped
\par Fiji
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534\charrsid10583945 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534 1
\par 24/9/65
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid816239 SUMINTRA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 ather\rquote s name Mata Din in the presence of these}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  five members o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 f Panchayat (Ragho Prasad, Raghwanand, Rattan Singh, Lala and Arjun Prasad)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  do sell to my s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid816239 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534 JAI KISSUN }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid156289 
SINGH }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid156289\charrsid6959447 my}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  share in Lease No. 9488 and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534  Contract N0.2680. The price of the land is \'a3500. 0. 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6621534\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 AND }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 in the presence of these five members of the Panchayat my son Jai Kissun Singh promises to pay me this sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286\charrsid10583945 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 500. 0. 0 in five years at a yearly instalment of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286\charrsid10583945 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 100. 0. 0.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286\charrsid10706286 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  in the pr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 esence of this Pachayat I,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Jai Kissun S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 ingh promise that after selling, I, as a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  duty of a son will provide my mother }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 with food, clothes, all medical treatments,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  look after and carry out the fun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 eral rites in full.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 
\par 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286\charrsid9967945 TODAY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286  Jai Kissun Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Panchayat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286\charrsid6959447 in the presence of these five}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286  members of the Panchayat has paid to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  his mother the sum of \'a3100 as a de}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10706286 posit for the land. The balance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid156289  of 400 will b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e free of interest.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9967945\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9967945 UPON}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2248906  receipt of the full payment I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 , Sumintra will t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2248906 ransfer my share}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2248906  Lease No. 9488 in the name of Jai K}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 issun Singh.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7166072 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 pproved by
\par N. L. T. Board }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Signed: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Secretary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 27/7/65.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14579825 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Written b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667\charrsid15562667  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667\charrsid6959447 R. Prasad 27/5/61}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid15562667 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 4/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Stamp }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 27/5/61 R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 P.Sumintra
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 H.L.T.M. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 (Her Left T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15562667 hump Mark)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14579825 
\par Witness: the signatures of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12793810 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14579825 five Panchayat members \endash  
\par 1. Sgd. Ragho Prasad
\par 2. Sgd. Lala
\par 3. Sgd. Raghwanand
\par 4. Sgd. Arjun Singh
\par 5. Sgd. Rattan Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13245220 .\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14579825 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3635542 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t was the appellant's case throughout that he paid the depo
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289 sit of \'a3100 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 acted on this document as on an agreement to sell the responden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289 t\rquote s share of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  land to him. The respondent, on the other hand, denied that she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289  ever signed}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  it and brought the action in the Supreme Court for a declarati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289 
on that it was fraudulent, null and void. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 She was completely disbelieved on this issue by the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6966576 learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289 trial Judge and}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  this Court is not concerned with that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289  question.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The land being native}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289  land,
 the appellant, through his solicitor, applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6966576 on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289  11}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid1449289\charrsid1449289 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  June, 1965, for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1449289 consent of the Native Land Trust Board for its consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 to the panchayat agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008\charrsid3937008  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13524620 The necessity for thi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008\charrsid6959447 s arose out o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008 f section 12 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the Native Land Trust Ordinance (Cap. 115) which reads:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3937008\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11558902 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 (1) Except as may be otherwise provided by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 regu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 lations made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  hereunder, it shall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947  not b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e lawful for any lessee under this Ordina}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 nce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 
to alienate or deal with the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  comprised in his lease or any part the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 reof, whether by sale, transfer or sub}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 lease or in any other manner whatso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 ever}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the consent of the Boar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947  as lessor or head lessor first had and obtained. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 granting or withholding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947 
of consent shall be in the absolute discretion of the Board, and any sale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 , tra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 nsfer,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947  sublease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 or other unlawful alienation or dealing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902\charrsid6959447 effected }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947  consent shall be null and void:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15479947\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11558902 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Provided that nothing in this section shall make it unla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 wful for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  lessee of a residential or commercial lease granted before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 the twenty-ninth }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 day of September, 194}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 , to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14572344 mortgage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  such lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11558902 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
(2) For the purposes of this section 'lease' includes a subleas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 and \lquote lessee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253  includes a sublease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9076253 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The application for the co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4206003 nse
nt was in the form prescribed under regulations 35 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 of the Native Land (Leases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 and Licences) Reg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 ulations, which indicates that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 application is to be signed b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 y the transferor, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4356802 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 a statement by the transferee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  is appended setting out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid16723463 (inter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463\charrsid16723463  alia)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 any other land held by him. The respondent was in hospital at the time this application was made and the application was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 signed by the appellant as the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463  \'93duly authorised agent\'94 of the respondent}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463  The appellant signed the appended s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4356802 tatement as purchaser in his personal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463  capacity. In his judgment the learned trial J}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 udge held that the transaction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 between the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  parties was a dealing in land within the meaning of section 12 and that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 he appellant had been "less than honest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 " in declaring himself the duly auth}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 orised agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  of the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7102742  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7102742  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 he had no express o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 r implied authority to do so and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 the relationship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
between the parties at the time were such that it must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 have been clear to him that she would not h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ave agreed. The judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16723463 found that the Native Land Trust Board}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  been misled into granting the consent which must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5665657 regarded as }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 non}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 existen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5665657 t. He relied upon passages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902  in the judgment of the Privy Council in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902\charrsid11558902 Chalmers v. Pardo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902  [1963] 3 All E. R. 552 and found that the panchayat agreem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid11558902 ent had no legal validity.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The learned Judge made a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 
declaration to that effect and ordered the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 to render accounts. The ap}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 pellant\rquote s counter-claim for specific performance of the panchayat agreement was dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Before looking at the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 position in law in relation to section 12 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 the Native Land Trust Ordinance, it is e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 xpedient to look at the factual position }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11558902 
in more detail. The learned judge said that "the Panchay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 at Agreement co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843 upled with what followed thereafter on t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he strength of that document clearly }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843 constitutes a dealing.\'94. He went to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 say th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843 at the purported sale was followed by the purchaser assuming full control}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 of the farm as if he were sole owner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843 and the sole farmer of the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 . He made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515 improvements to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 the house on the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 on his own account. It was a term of the agreement that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515  appellant }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 took over the existing debt though this was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515 
not stated in the panchayat agree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 ment. The matter was not complicated by any question relating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515 to the sufficie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843\charrsid13707515 ncy of the panch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13707515 ayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  agreement as a memorandum of the contract, as the Statute }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1379843 of Frauds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 was not pleaded in answer to the counter}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 claim; it is, of course, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 appellant who sets u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 p the agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 here were two facts asserted, in the fir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 st case by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the appellant, and in the seco}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d by both parties, which the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13707515 Judge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 did not mention. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The first i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he appellant claimed to have paid the r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 espondent a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 further sum of \'a3200 on account of purc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 hase money on the 23rd April, 1965. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 his was evidenced by a receipt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 . The second was that two substa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 ntial sums of money were withdrawn from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the joint bank account of the two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587  parties (it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  seems at dates in 1965) and the respondent acquiesced in all but a fe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 
w pounds being retained by the appellant. It is, of course, the appellant\rquote s own case that he took over sole control of the farm and operated it as owner, and in spite of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 complication that the respondent resided, for the most part, in the same house (as to which the paragraph 2 of the panchayat agreement may be relevant) there was ample evidence to sup
port the learned judge\rquote s finding.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13453587 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he leading case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 upon the interpretation of section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 12 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296\charrsid4810296 Chalmers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4810296  v. Pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296\charrsid4810296 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4810296 do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296\charrsid4810296 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 1963] 3 All ER 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 52, a decision of the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rivy Council on appeal from this Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296  By a \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 friendly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296  agreement\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the own}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 er of native leasehold land, Mr. Chalmers had bu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 il}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4810296 t a house and other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  buildings on part of that land and entered into possession. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 The consent of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Native Land }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 Trust Board was never obtained. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The Privy Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 uncil were of opinion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 that the transaction amounted to an agreement for a lease }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 or sublease but even regarding it as a licen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
ce to occupy coupled with possession, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 their Lordships con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
sidered that a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid882283\charrsid6959447 \'93dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
" with the land took place.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 
\par A relevant observation made in the same judgement is as follows (at p.557):-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14690579 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499  It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 
 true that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13397499 Harnam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499\charrsid13397499  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid13397499 Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499\charrsid13397499  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid882283 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499\charrsid13397499 ackshish Singh v. Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499\charrsid13397499 a Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13397499 , the Court of Appeal said the Court of Appeal said that it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579  would be an absurdity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  to say that a mere agreement to deal with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934  land would contravene s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 12, fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 r there must necessarily}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 be some pri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 or a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 greement in all such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579  cases. Otherwise ther}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e would be nothing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579  for which to see}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4153385 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 
 the Board\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579  In the present c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 e, however, there was not merely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  agreement, but, on one side, fu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 ll performa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nce: and the Board found itself w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 ith six more buildings on the \'93
land without having the opportunity of considering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 befo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 
rehand whether this was desirable. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 It would seem to their Lordships that this is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 one of the things that s.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 12 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 desi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 gned to prevent.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14690579 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The first relevant a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662 
spects of that judgment, as I see it, is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662 
it is not necessary that the agreement between the parties should have progressed to a state at which formal documents of lease or assignment had been executed before the transaction became a dealing requiring prior consent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 That, having re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662 gard to the object of the section, is only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 common sense.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Otherwise, a purchas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662 er under agreement could remain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  indefinitely in po}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12322662 ssession and control, exercising the rights of full }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 ownership and even p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rotecting himself by caveat. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9663630 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630\charrsid9663630 enning v. Edwards}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440  [1960] 3 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 LR 801 (an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  appeal from the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 
 for Eastern Africa) the Privy council did make a distinction between "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 a transactio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 
and an \'93agreement for a transaction\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 but that was based upon the wording }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 of the particular legislation being consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ed.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 
\par The second relevant a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 spe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 ct of the judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4153385\charrsid4153385 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630\charrsid9663630 halmers v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9663630 . Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  is that their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 Lordships, in the passage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 quote}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 d above, expressed no dissent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  from what had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 been said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630\charrsid9663630 Harnam Singh and Backshish Singh v. Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630\charrsid9663630 a Singh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 58}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 59}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630  F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 LR
 31, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 to the effect that th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9663630 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  must}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  necessarily be some prior agree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ment in all cases. They stated that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9437755 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  there had been full pe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rformance on one side. But did their Lordships, by making this dist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 inction, in}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 tend to say that there must be full performance (by one party) in every case b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 efore a transaction became a "dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 I think not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Otherwise the abuse of indefinite possession without consent which I have referred to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675\charrsid6959447 above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  could arise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  \endash  perhaps with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 result}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  that the purchaser }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 wo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 uld be in unlawful occupation contrary to section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 27 of the same Ordinance.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 
\par It may be of assistance to look at their Lordships\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid291467 approach to a related question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755\charrsid291467 Denning v. Edwards}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755  (supra). I quote the following paragraph from p.806:-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid291467 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid291467 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9437755 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 \'93
Subsection (1) requires the written consent of the Governor to an \lquote agreement for any of the transactions\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid291467 
set out in the subsection. They include a transaction of sale. I
t has been argued that the consent of the Governor must be obtained before the agreement is enter into and that subsequent consent is insufficient. Some form of agreement is inescapably necessary before the Governor is approach for his consent. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14973233 Otherwise negotiation would be impossible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid291467 
Successful negotiation ends with an agreement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 
to which the consent of the Governor cannot be obtained before it is reached. Their Lordships are of opinion that there was nothing contrary to law in entering into a written agreement before the Governor\rquote s consent was obtained. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13008610 The legal consequence that ensued was that the agreement was inchoate till that consent was obtained. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 After it was obtained the agreement was complete and completely effe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9329534 ctive.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9437755 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2496870 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid291467 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2496870 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
It is to be observed that in clause 4 of the agreement the parties provided }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 that \lquote The purchase and sa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 le }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid600332 hereby effected is\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 \lquote expressly made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 subject }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 to the consent thereto of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139 Control Board and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 
the Gover}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nor of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2496870 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139 said Colony\rquote . In the event of such 
consents being refused then this agreement shall become null and void and any payment made by the purchaser shall thereupon be refunded to them but without interest.\rquote 
 Thus the parties had every regard for the provisions of subsection (1) of section 88 and it would be remarkable if they could not negotiate in the manner in which they did.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par The wording of the subsection there relevant was merely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139  \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nor shall }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139 any person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 enter into any agreement for any of the transactions referred to in this }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9269139 subsection without the written consent of the Governor\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Even apart from a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 ny weight which their Lordships may ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ve attached to clau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 se 4 of that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 agree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 ment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid600332  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 legislation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 the legislation was much less strong}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 than the unequivocal statement in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 section 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ce that it shall not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e lawful to deal etc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 . without}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the consent first had and obtained.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 
\par Reading these Privy Council decisions together I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  am of the opinion tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 t, dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  with the Fiji legislation, their Lordships did not intend, by their ref}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 erence to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  full performance in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4195452 Chalmers v.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452\charrsid4195452  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4195452 Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 , to say that no consent would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 ever be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 required before that stage was reached. If Mr. Chalmer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5457744 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 s house had b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 een only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  half built the result of the case would, I fully believe, have been the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452  same.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4195452 Court Bros.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4195452 (Furnishe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 rs) Ltd. v. Sunbeam Transport L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4195452 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4195452 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 . [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 1969}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  15 FLR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 was a case on a similar provision i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6690815 n the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671  Crown Lands Ordinance (Ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 p. 113)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 . In his judgment in that case Hutchison, J.A. said:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13125671 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Surely, with an agreeme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t for sale and purchase, intended to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 followed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 by a transfer, it is after the agreement has been entered into and b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 efore the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  transfer is made that the Director has to consider the matter and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 
grant or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 wit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 hhold his consent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 
\par But he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 qualified that, in parent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 
hesis, in the following sentence, by saying:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13125671 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Of course, it would be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 different }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671\charrsid6959447 if possession were to be given }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671 on the agreement for sale purchase and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 agreements were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671  to be relied on as the purchaser\rquote s title to the land so to speak.
\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13125671\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par If an agreement is signed and held inoperative and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6179906 inc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6179906\charrsid6959447 o}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6179906 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6179906\charrsid6959447 ate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  while the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 consent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 is being applied for I fully agree that it is not rendered illegal and void by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 section 12. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Where then, is the line to be drawn?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 I think on a strict reading of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 12 in the light of its object, an a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 greement for sale of native land, would b}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ecome void under the section as soon as it was implemented in any w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 ay touchi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6179906 ng the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 and, without the consent having been at least applied for. A clause }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 n the agreement such as that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid12601941 Denning v. Edwards}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  mi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941 ght have an effect on the situ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12601941  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 according to its tenor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973 In the present case, e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ven if any question of degree is}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973  involve, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 I am sat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6832130 isfied that possession and contr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
ol for four years, together with the payments made and the other matters which I have mentioned above, without applica}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973 tions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973 r consent, go far beyond any lin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973  could reasonably be drawn. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 There was, therefore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973  a dealing which, in the absence of the consent of Native Lan}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d Trust}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973  Board first had and obtained, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 as unlawfully entered into, and was null and void. I think this is one of those hard cases in which ignorance of the la}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5846973 w }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 does not assist the ap}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6832130 pellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6832130\charrsid10370162 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 I have discussed this question in greater detail than did the learned trial Judge, who, was of the opinion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4927487 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 hat the cons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4927487 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 t actually given must, in view of the way it was obtained, be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10370162 treated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 as non}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid10370162 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 existent. On the view I ta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10370162 ke of the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 ase I do not need to express any concluded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10370162 opinion on that question. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 
 doubt if the application made could be looked upon as an application by the purchaser. It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6832130\charrsid10370162  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 was not so framed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 Notwithstanding some words of their Lordships in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid2967284 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  which appear to indicate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162  the contrary I would, with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 espect, be very reluctant to say that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4927487 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162  consent given by the Board on the application of a purchaser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 all being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 disclosed, was not a valid one. In my experience in this }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162 Cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 rt I know of one case (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284\charrsid2967284 Fong Lee v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid2967284 Mitlal a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284\charrsid2967284 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid2967284 d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284\charrsid2967284 An}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid2967284 other }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 1966}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  12 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 R 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid10370162  in which it has been so given but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  the consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  was n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 ot challenged on that ground. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 y well be that in the ci}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 cumstances of the pre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 sent case the learned trial judg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e was justified in regarding the consent as a nullity, but, as }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  have said, I expr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 s no final view on that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10370162 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Even if the consent is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  regarded as having been validly }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 obtaine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 I do not thin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 k that assists the appellant. Counsel's main argument was tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
t the consent, once given, cured all defects. He suggested that there was a severance of the first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 part of section 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 2 in w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 hich it w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 as declared unlawful to deal wit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 h native land, from the last part, in which there was provision for avoidance. He emphasized that the granting or withholding of consent was in the absolute discretion of the Board, and}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284  suggested that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 if the Board exercised its discretion in favour of consent there could be no avoidance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Counsel did not i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  argument challenge the finding that there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6383753  was a dealing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  in land, but t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14750043 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e point of time at which the dealing took place, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14750043 ith reference}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the words in the subse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 cti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 on "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2967284 first had and obtained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 " was not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14750043 referred to by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8670314 the learned judge. It follows from what I have s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
aid earlier that that point of time was reached long before the application for con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 sent was made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  on the 11th June, 1965}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 At that time also the agreement be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 came unlawful,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  null and void. There was, there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 fore, not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5115139 hing upon which the Board could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557  exercise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 its discretion; nothing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5115139 to which to consent. I do not th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 ink that by an admin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 istrative granting of consent th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1080305 e Board could revive what was by l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid724557 
already a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nullity.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10370162 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 For these reasons, in my opinion, the dealing between the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1080305  to the action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  was and remained null and void and I would dismiss the appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934  Even though}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the respondent was not allowed co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 sts in the Supreme Court, my view }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934  the lack of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  merit in her case is such that I would make no order for the costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1080305  of the appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  That being the opinion of a majority of the Court, the appeal is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16058350  accordingly dis}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 missed with no order for cos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 ts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid3825934 TOMPKINS J.A.:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 This is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  an appeal against an order declaring a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 anchayat Agreement to be unlawful a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 nd une}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nforceable as being in contravention of section 12 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934  Native Land Trust Ordinance, Ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 p. 115; and declaring t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14293838 hat the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  plaintiff in the Court below to be the owner of an und
ivided half share in land of wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 ich her son was the owner of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e other undivided half share, and ordering accounts.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The facts are fully set out in the judgment appealed from and I d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 o not propose to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  repeat them here. The learned judge in the Court below held }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6578659 the evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
of the plaintiff, who was the mother of the defendant, to be tota}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6578659 lly unreliable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 and he accordingly disregard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16347251 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
her evidence entirely. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e held fur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 ther that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Panchayat Agreement set o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t below was a genuine document. P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 ractically the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  whole que}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 stion to be decide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d on this appeal is whether the Panchay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 at Agreement is invalid having regard to sec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 tion 12 above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 mentioned. A copy of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Agreement is as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3825934 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4330259 AGREEM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934\charrsid4330259 ENT OF PANCHAYAT (5 PEOPLE)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid4330259 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3825934\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6693401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6693401 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid6693401 , SUMINTRA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  fath}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 er\rquote 
s name Mata Din in the presence of these five members of Panchayat (Ragho Prasad, Raghwanand, Rattan Singh, Lala and Arjun Prasad) do sell to my son }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid4330259 JAI KISSUN SINGH}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401  my share in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Lease No. 9488 and Con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 tract No. 2680. The price of the land is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid14902971 \u8356\'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9338423 500.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 0.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6693401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6693401 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  in the presenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 e of these five members of the Panchayat my son Jai Kissun Singh promises to pay me this sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid14902971 \u8356\'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 500.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11606492 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401  in five years at a yearly instalment of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid14902971 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11606492 100.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401 0.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6693401\charrsid14902971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6693401 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14902971 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14902971 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14902971  in the presence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 of this Pachayat I, Jai Kissun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11606492  Singh promise that after sellin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 g, I, as a duty of a son will provide my mother with food, clothes, all medical treatments, look after and carry out the funeral rites in full.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14902971 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14902971 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971\charrsid1373  TODAY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971  Jai Kissun Singh in the presence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8914434 of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 hese five members of the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8914434 anchayat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid329087 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
as paid to his mother the sum of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971\charrsid14902971 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
100 as a deposit for the land. The balance of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971\charrsid14902971 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
400 will be free of interest.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14902971 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14902971 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373 UPON}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373  receipt of the full payment I, Sumintra will transfer my share in Lease No. 9488 in the name of Jai Kissun Singh.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14902971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1373 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts16\trgaph108\trrh1670\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone 
\clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4620\clshdrawnil \cellx4512\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4620\clshdrawnil \cellx9132\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11500842\yts16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373 Written by R. Prasad
\par 27/5/61
\par 4/-Stamp
\par 27/5/61 R.P.Sumintra
\par H.L.T.M
\par (Her left thumb mark)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373\charrsid1373 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373 
Witness: the signature of five Panchayat members
\par 
\par 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373\charrsid1373 Sg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373 d Ragho Prasad
\par 2. Sgd. Lala
\par 3. Sgd Raghwanand
\par 4. Sgd Arjun(Singh) Prasad
\par 5. Sgd Rattan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8875368 Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373\charrsid1373 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373\charrsid1373 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1373\charrsid1373 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts16\trgaph108\trrh1670\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 
\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone 
\clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4620\clshdrawnil \cellx4512\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4620\clshdrawnil \cellx9132\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4479667 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4479667 APPROVED BY N. L.T BOARD
\par (Sgd)
\par 27/7/65
\par 
\par It will be noted that it is dated 27th May, 1961. It will be noted also that it is signed by Sumintra, the mother of the appellant, but not by the appellant Jai Kissun Singh.
\par 
\par Section 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance, Cap. 115, provides as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4479667 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4479667 \'93
12 (1) Except as may be otherwise provided by regulations made hereunder, it shall not be lawful for any lessee under this Ordinance to alienate or deal with the land comprised in his lease or any part thereof, whether by sale, transfer or sublea
se or in any other manner whatsoever without the consent of the Board as lessor or head lessor first had and obtained. The granting or withholding of consent shall be in the absolute discretion of the Board, and any sale, transfer, sublease or other lawfu
l alienation or dealing effected }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 without such consent shall be null and void:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4479667 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4479667\charrsid14902971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1966918 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
Provided that nothing in this section shall make it unlawful for the lessee of a residential or commercial lease granted before the twenty-ninth day of September, 1948, to mortgage such lease.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1966918 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1966918 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 (2) For the purposes of this section \lquote lease\rquote 
 includes a sublease and \'93lessee\'94 includes a sublessee.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1966918 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
\par The consent of the Board was not sort by the appellant until 11th June, 1965, and the consent was endorsed on the Agreement on 27th July,
 1965. The question immediately arises as to whether the Panchayat Agreement constitutes an alienation or dealing in the land comprising the lease. The evidence shows clearly that the son was present at the writing out and the signing of the Agreement, an
d verbally agreed to all its terms. The Panchayat meeting was actually at the appellant\rquote s own house. I think that it is quite clear that there was a verbal agreement on his part to buy his mother\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3629278 undivided}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918  half share }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1012716 
on the term set out in the Agreement. 
The appellant immediately commenced to act under the Agreement as if, by the agreement, he had become the sole beneficial owner of the lease and cane contract. It is, I think, clear that neither he nor his mother knew that any consent to the agreement of 
sale was necessary.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1012716 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1012716 
In evidence he said that as from May, 1961 he regarded himself as the sole owner, subject only to payment of the purchase price. He regarded himself as entitled to the whole of the sugar proceeds. He executed improvements to the buildin
g on the property without reference to his mother. He maintained his mother in accordance with Clause 2 of the Agreement, and he undertook responsibility for paving off the crop liens. This position went on from the date of the Agreement in 1961 for some 
four years until he applied for consent on 11th June, 1965}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 . Thus the consent he then obtained was dated four years after he had verbally agreed to buy his mother
\rquote s half share and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2059658 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 put into operation and acted on the Agreement.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1012716 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 
\par Mr. Stuart, for the appellant, submitted that the approval on 27th July, 1965, on the Agreement by the Native Land Trust Board cured the lack of previous consent and converted what had previously been an invalid agreement into a valid one.
\par 
\par Section 12 uses the following languages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2059658 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 -
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15228005 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 \'93
without the consent of the Board as lessor or head lessor first had and obtained.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15228005 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 However in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 Harmon Singh and Anor v Bawa Singh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 1958}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005  6 FLR
 31, the President of the Court of Appeal said at 41:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1966918 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15228005 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 \'93That, in my view, indicates without 
doubt that it is anticipated that there must be a written dealing, or an agreement to deal with land in question, which is required to be submitted for consent. Were it not so, an absurd position would arise whereby a written agreement, being null and voi
d and so being a complete nullity from the time it was executed could not be submitted to the board at all. \'85 I have no doubt that the words in section 12 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077 \lquote 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 shall be null}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005 void}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077  mean shall be inoperative unless and until the consent of the board is obtained\rquote .\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5788077 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15228005\charrsid15930821 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077\charrsid15930821 
Consequently, I do not think that the Panchayat Agreement of 27th May, 1961, was null and void from the date of its execution; and that, had consent been applied for befor
e the Agreement was put into operation, and within a reasonable time, the obtaining of consent would have validated it. But once the agreement was acted on as a valid agreement for the sale of the plaintiff\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13063552\charrsid15930821 interest in the leased land it became null and 
void for lack of consent. Here, the Agreement was acted on for four years before consent was applied for. If such a consent were to be held to be retrospectively effective the whole purpose of the legislation would be defeated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5788077\charrsid15930821 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13063552\charrsid15930821 
\par As to whether a verbal agreement can be a \'93dealing\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015\charrsid15930821  within the meaning of section 12, the Privy Council has held, in the case of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015\charrsid15930821 Chambers v Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015\charrsid15930821  [1963] 3 ALL ER}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13063552\charrsid15930821  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015\charrsid15930821 
552, that this can be so. Sir Terence Donovan at 557 said:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13063552\charrsid15930821 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10045015 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015 \'93\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15930821 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015 The Court of Appeal held, as their Lordships have alre
ady indicated, that the least legal effect which could be given to the family arrangement was that of a licence to occupy coupled with possession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8746965 
. Their Lordships think that the matter might have been put higher\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15930821 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8746965 
In their Lordship\rquote s view an agreement for a lease or sublease in Mr. Chalmer\rquote s favour could be reasonably be inferred from Mr. Pordoe\rquote 
s evidence. Even treating the matter simply as one where a licence to occupy coupled with possession was given, all for the purpose\'85.of erecting a dwelling house \'85.i
t seems to their Lordships that, when this purpose was carried into effect, a dealing with the land took place\'85. And since the prior consent of the Board was not obtained it follows that under the terms of section 12 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11631015 Ordinance,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8746965  Cap. 104}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11631015 , this dealing with the land was unlawful. It is true that in Harnam Singh\rquote 
s case the Court of Appeal said that it would be an absurdity to say that a mere agreement to deal with land contravene section 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6585296 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11631015 , for there must necessarily be some prior agreement in all such cases. Otherwise there would be nothing for which to seek the Board\rquote s consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6585296 . In the present case, however, there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11631015  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6585296 was not merely agreement, but on one side, full performance.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8914434 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8914434 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10045015 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8914434 In that case the whole agreement was verbal. In the instant case the agreemen
t on the part of the appellant only is verbal; but the appellant has acted on the agreement for some four years without obtaining consent. By so doing, in my view, he made the Panchayat Agreement into a dealing; and as he failed to get consent during that
 period of four years, there is no escape from holding that this dealing, without such consent, is null and void under the plain terms of section 12.
\par 
\par There is, however, a further point, in that he obtained consent in 1965 under circumstances which that ren
der that consent of extremely doubtful validity. I refer to the fact that in the application for consent the appellant signed on behalf of the respondent, his mother , as her duly authorised agent; whereas, in his evidence, he agreed that he had no expres
s authority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644 
 from her so to sign and that she was too ill to give it. But the learnt Judge also finds as a fact that his mother would not, at that time, have agreed to apply for consent, and that appellant knew this.
\par 
\par In the result I agree with the conclusion reached by the learned trial Judge that this appeal should be dismissed. In the circumstances, however, of the mother having gone back to her solemnly expressed word, I do not think she is entitled to costs. I wou
ld order that each party bear its own costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8914434 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644 
\par MARSARK J. A.:
\par 
\par This is an appeal against a judgement of the Supreme Court holding that an agreement dated 27th May, 1961, and signed by Respondent, was unlawful and unenforceable as being in contravention of Section 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance Cap. 115; and th
at appellant was not entitled to a decree of specific performance of the agreement for the transfer to him of Respondent\rquote s one-half share in the land concerned.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644\charrsid4218781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7952599\charrsid4218781 Appellant is the son of Respondent, whose husband died in 1960. The land in issue in this appea
l comprises slightly less than 16 acres held under lease No. 9488 from the Native Land Trust Board. The lease is in the names of Appellant and Respondent as tenants in common in equal shares. The land is covered by cane contract No. 2680 with South Pacifi
c Sugar Mills Limited, and that also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 is in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7952599\charrsid4218781 
 the name }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 of both parties. 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10962184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
On the 27th May, 1961 what is referred in the judgment as the \'93Panchayat Agreement\'94 was signed by Respondent, but not by Appellant. The signature of Respondent was witnessed by of the five Panchayat members. This agreement is in the following term:}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7952599\charrsid4218781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10962184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 AGREEMENT OF PANCHAYAT (5 PEOPLE)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10962184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10962184 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 \'93I, SUMINTRA }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 father\rquote s name Mata Din in the presence of these five members of Panchayat (Ragho Prasad, Raghuwanand, Rattan Singh, Lala and Arjun Prasad) do se
ll to my son }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 JAI KISSUN SINGH }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
my share in Lease No.9488 and Contract N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11555764\charrsid4218781 o.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
 2680. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781  price of the land is \'a3500.0.0}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11555764\charrsid4218781 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10962184\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 . AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
 in the presence of these five people members of the Panchayat my son Jai Kissun Singh promises to pay me this sum of \'a3500.0.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11555764\charrsid4218781 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781  in five years at a yearly instalment of \'a3100.0.0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11555764\charrsid4218781 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 AND }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 in the presence of this Panchayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8024560\charrsid4218781  I,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781  Jai Kissun Singh promised that after selling, I, as a duty of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8024560\charrsid4218781 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
son will provide my mother with food, clothes, all medical treatments, look after and carry out the funeral rites in full.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid404984 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11930640\charrsid4218781 TODAY}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 Jai Kissun Singh in the presence of these five members of the Panchayat has paid to his mother the sum of \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1381027\charrsid4218781 100 as a deposit for the land. The balance of \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 400 will be free of interest.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid404984 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9588558 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 UPON}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 
 receipt of the full payment I, Sumintra will transfer my share in Lease No. 9488 in the name of Jai Kissun Singh.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid404984 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 When the Panchayat agreement was signed, Appellant and Respondent were living in the family house standing on the land in question, and the
y continued to do so at all material times. Appellant, however, after 27th May, 1961 took over the full management of the cane plantations on the land. He also effected some improvement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4218781\charrsid4218781 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781  to the house.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9588558\charrsid4218781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 Payments amounting to \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 300 or }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4218781\charrsid4218781 350 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 were made at different times by Appellant to his mother; and on 25th July, 1966 the balance, which Appellant stated to be then \'a3
150, was tendered to the solicitor then acting for Respondent. Buy this time relations between the parties had become severely strained, and Respondent refused to sign the transfer pursuant to the Pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11555764\charrsid4218781 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 chayat Agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid404984\charrsid4218781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 
\par No application for the consent of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4218781\charrsid4218781 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 ative 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4218781\charrsid4218781 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 
and Trust Board to the transaction was made until 11th June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4218781\charrsid4218781 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781  1965. The Board notified its consent on the 7th July 1965. The application for consent was made by Appellant \'93as agent for his mother who is in hospital seriously ill.\'94.
\par 
\par On 23rd July, 1967, Respondent issued a writ against Appellant praying }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 , for a declaration that the document dated 27th May, 1961, was fraudulent and void on the grounds:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7350691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781  that the plaintiff did not sign any such document;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11555764 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7350691 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781 (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7350691\charrsid4218781  that no consent of the Native Land Trust Board was ever obtained to the transfer of the lease.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8914434 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7952599 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644\charrsid873627 
The learned trial Judge found as a fact that the Panchayat agreement was a genuine document, and in that respect the sworn evidence of the Respondent was totally rejected.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644 The learned trial Judge further hel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 d that the Panchayat Agreement}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 
was an unlawful and unenforceable document, being made in contravention of section 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance, Cap. 115. It is against that judgment that this appeal is brought.
\par 
\par As I see it, four main questions lie for determination by this Court:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5331644 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3637093 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 (1) Is the document referred to as the Panchayat agreement a 
\'93dealing in land\'94 within section 12 of the Native Land Trust Ordinance, as from the date on which it was signed by Respondent;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3637093 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11544840 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 (2) If not, did it later become such a dealing in land because
 of the conduct of the parties, and, if so, when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3637093 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3637093 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11544840 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 (3) Does the approval of the N.L.T.B. given on 7}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid11544840\charrsid11544840 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 
 July, 1965 validate the transaction between the parties, the first step in which was the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid873627 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 Panchayat Agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid873627 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840  executed by Respondent on 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid11544840\charrsid11544840 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840  May, 1961;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3637093 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11544840 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 
(4) If so, is the approval of the Native Land Trust Board effective, notwithstanding that it was base}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid480413 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840  upon an application by Appellan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2768567 t purporting, without direct }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840 authority from Respondent, to act as agent for Respondent.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13063552 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The determination of the first questi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 
on is a matter of some difficulty, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 particular}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 ly}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  as the relevant circumstance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 s are exceptional and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  differ materially f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 ro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 m the facts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11544840  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 in other cases in which the Court has ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d to consider the interpretati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2714023 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 sec. 12. The leading authority on the subject}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  of dealing in land in this conn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ection is the judgment of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 he Privy Council in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585\charrsid1078585 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  [1963] 3 All}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 R 552. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 In that case there was no written agreement be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 twe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 en the parties; but merely a "friendly arrangement" whereby}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Chalmers was permitted to enter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 n to portion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  of Pardoe's land, held under a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Native }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 Land Trust Board lease, and to e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rect certain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  buildings on it. This was hel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d to be a dealing in land, even on the basis that i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585 t was a mere licence to occupy }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 coupl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2714023 ed with possession. At p. 557 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e Lordships}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585  differentiated the facts in that case from those in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585\charrsid7018675 Harnam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid7018675  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078585\charrsid7018675 ingh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid7018675  v. Bakshish Singh and Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675\charrsid7018675 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid7018675 a Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 1958}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 59}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 LR 31 at. p. 41, in that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid7018675 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675\charrsid7018675 ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid7018675 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675\charrsid7018675 mers v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  there had been " not merely agreement, but, on one side, full performance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 " The basis of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 the decision of this Court in H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 arnam Singh's case was }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 hat a mere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 preliminary agreement w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 as not in itself a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  dealing in land; that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15348934  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 there must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 necessarily be some such preliminary agreement before there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  is a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nything to submit to the Native Land Trust Board for approval.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 In the present case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 becom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7018675 es necessary to examine the provis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ions of the Panchayat agreement closely.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 It is to be noted that although it con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 sents lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 hold land, the acceptance of which involv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 es obligations on the part of any}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  assignee,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the Panchayat agreement was not signed by Appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 s not even}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 bound by the agreement to pay any moneys, or in fact to do anyt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 hing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  at all.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 A document constituting a dealing i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 n leasehold land must, in my vie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 w, be one which binds both parties to it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the intended transferee as well as the transferor. Here because of the lack of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  h}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 is signature, the so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 called agreement do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 es not, in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  the absence of anything else, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 place th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 e intended transferee under any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  obligation whatever. It would not be op}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 en }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 to Respondent to sue Appellant on th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  document t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 aken by itself, even if it had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  been made subject to the consent of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6428757 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he Native Land Trust Board and that consent had been given. The so}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 called agreement is in its terms mere
ly a promise by Respondent that she will at some fut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 re date
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 transfer her undivided half share in the lease to her son, if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 by then he has paid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 her certain moneys and performed certain services for her. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 In my view, this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 docume}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 nt cannot, standing by itself, b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e regarded as a deal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6050912 ing in land }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 as from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 27th May, 1961.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The facts are clearly distinguishable fro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 m those upon which the decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890\charrsid3344890 Chalme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid3344890 rs v. Pardoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890  was based, in that there was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 no full performance on either side.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890  A year before Appellant had made or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6428757 tend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6428757\charrsid6959447 ered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 the payment entitling him to call on Respondent for a transfer to him of her interes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 t in the lease, an application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  had been made f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the approval of the Board and the Board's consent had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 en granted.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The reas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16152 ons given by the learned trial J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 udge for holding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 that the dealing set out in the Panchayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Agreement is in clear contravention }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 of section 12 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Native Land Trust Ordinance, are in these words:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3344890 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The Agreement purports to sell the plaintiff's half share without the consent of the Native }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 Land}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Trust Board. The Agr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 eement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 was made without the prior consent of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 Boar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 d, nor was it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  subjec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  to consent of the Board. The purported sale was followed by t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 he purchaser}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  assu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ing full control of the farm as if he were sole }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 owner and the sole fa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rmer of the whole land.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613  In fact, he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  made i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 mprovements to the house on th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e land on his own account as if he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 were the sole owner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3344890 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16152 Section 12(1) of the Native L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 and Trust Ordinance makes it }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16152 nlawful to "deal w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 ith the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 " comprised in the lease or any part thereof without the consent of the Bo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rd first had and obtained. If then the Panchayat }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 Ag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 reement in its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 elf is a dealing in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  land, it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  unlawful }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613\charrsid5855613 ab initio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  unless the consent of the Board is obtained to the de}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 aling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  compr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 ised in it prior to the signing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 of the document. Leaving out of consideration for the mo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 ment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the acts s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 pecifically }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
performed by Appellant indicating that he regarded himself as sole owner of the property, I am not con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5855613 vinced that what is called the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ancha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 at Agreement was, at the time of the signing of it by th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10765971 e mother, such a dealing in land}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  as would require the prior consent of the Native Land Trust Board.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 The learned trial Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 s not, as I read his judgment, go so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110  far as to say that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  His ruling on the subject is in these words:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14430110 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 In my view, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 he Panchayat Agreement, coupled wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 h what followed thereafter on the strength of that document, clear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 ly consti}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 tutes a dealing within the meaning of Sec. 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 
2 of the Native Land Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 If what took place afterwards was necessary to convert that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4787908 
document into a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 dealing in land, then at the tim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 
e of signing it was not illegal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ; w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 hat}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 must be deter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 mined is at what later stage the consent of the }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14430110 
 HYPERLINK http://N.L.T.B.became }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14956253\charrsid14430110 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b2e00000068007400740070003a002f002f006e002e006c002e0074002e0062002e0062006500630061006d0065002f000000006d0000000000000003000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs15\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14430110 N.L.T.B. became}}}\sectd \ltrsect\psz9\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid3754769\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 necessary in order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 to validate the transaction. As H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 utchison, J.A. says in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12863574 judgment of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 Cour}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 t in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14430110 Court Bros. (Furn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110\charrsid14430110 ishers) Ltd. v. Sun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14430110 beam Transport Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110 1969}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14430110  15 FLR:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1779733 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 Surely with an agreement for sale and purchase intend }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 to be followed by a transfer, it is}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  after the agreement has been entered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 into and before }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the transfer is made that the Director has to consider the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 
matter and grant or withhold his consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ".
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 That was a case in which an option to purchase a Cr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 own}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  lea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 seh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 old property, given for valuable consideration, was held not to be a dealing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 land requiring}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 the consent of the Director of Lands under a statutory provision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  vi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 rtually identical}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  with section 12(1) of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  Native Land Trust Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  Hutch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ison, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 J.A. goes on, in the course of h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 is judgment, to say:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1779733 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 "Indeed, I think}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  that, even if the option}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  had been exer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 cised before his consent was sought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3480674 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 e consent could still have properly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 obtained prior to the transfer.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par The acceptance of an option}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733  would result in a contract bin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
ding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 both}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  parties and would thus be stronger than the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7419393  Panchayat Agreement w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 hich bou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 nd one party only.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 If my view as to the legal effect of the Panchayat }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11997265 
document }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1779733 at the time of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
signing is correct, it becomes necessary to examine the evidence a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 s to the sub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 sequent conduct of the parties for the purpose of ascertaining a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 t what stage,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  if any, it became a dealing in la}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 nd. In this connection it is per}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 aps significant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  that Appellant states in evi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ence that his reason for not signing t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 he Panchayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  document was that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14551105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14551105 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 after I had paid he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 r \'a3500 we would g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 o to a solicitor and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 proper transfer documents would be drawn and I would execute an a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 greement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 in her favour }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 until she dies."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 
\par If this evidence is accepted,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  it would indicate that Appellant at lea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 st considered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  the document in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105  question as a mere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  pre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 li}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 min}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 a
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ry to the formal do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 
cuments which would be executed later; and,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  following the reasoni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 ng of Hutchison J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105 in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14551105\charrsid14551105 Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid14551105 Bros.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  case, the Court could properly hold that it would }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  those sub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 
quent formal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 documents which would be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 
 illegal and void if the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 consent of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 \bullet  N.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 L.T.B. thereto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 obtained.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10052091 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 In the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842\charrsid11500842 Court Bros. (Furnishers) Ltd.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842  case Hutchison J.A. qu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 alifies }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 what he says }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 in the passage first above cited by adding the f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ll}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 owing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  sentence i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 n parenthesis:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15545330 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "(Of course, it would }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 ifferent if possession were to b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11997265 
on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 agreement for sale and purchase, and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 
agreement were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330 relied on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 as the purchas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330 er's title to the land so to spea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 k.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 "
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11500842 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 That qualification, to my}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644  mind, does}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644  not app}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 ly here. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644  do not thi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 nk it can be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 said th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 at Appellant relied on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644  the Panchayat document as his title }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 to the land; h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 e makes it clear in his eviden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 ce that he was looking to subseq}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 uent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 formal docu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 ments to give him title.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644  And }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 in this case possession was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 ot given as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 a consequence of the Panchayat agreeme}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 nt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid9137644 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15545330\charrsid9137644 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 n my opinion the "acts of ownership}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6185154 " exercised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  by Appellant afte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 r his mother }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 had signed the Panchayat document could not necessarily be held }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 to have the legal effect of binding him to c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
arry out those terms of the Panchay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 at document}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 which set out the conditions u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 on which his mother would }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  prepare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 d to transfer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  her undivided half share in the lease to appellant. The position }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 would have been entirely different if the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
proposed transferee had been a stran}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 ger entering}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 
 on the property from outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ere, it was a case of an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 elderly mother and a son }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 living together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644  
as they had done for some y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 ears}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644  on a pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 pert}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 y owned by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447  both of them, with the son necessarily managing the cane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12024196\charrsid6959447 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 farming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 operations carried out on the lands conc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid6959447 erned.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9137644 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid1139325 The question that arises, in the view I take of the case, is this: At}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8138491\charrsid1139325  what stage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid1139325 was it necessary for the conse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8138491\charrsid1139325 nt of the Board to be obtained to the transaction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10901212\charrsid1139325 in order that it should not }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8138491\charrsid1139325 be tainted with illegality? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325 
As I have already said, I do not think it was incumbent on the mother to apply for and obtain that consent before she signed 
the promise contained in the Panchayat document. It became necessary only when the party who previously had not been bound by the document, finally accepted his obligations under it and took the necessary steps to have the uninvited half interest of his m
other formally transferred to himself. It is common ground that the balance of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325\charrsid1139325 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325 500, namely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325\charrsid1139325 \'a3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325 150, was tendered to Respondent\rquote s solicitors together with a transfer of the lease for signature by respondent on 25th July, 1966. It is also common ground that ove
r a year previously application had been made by Appellant to the Native Land Trust Board for consent to the transfer, and this consent had been given on the 7th July, 1965. The letter forwarding the application for consent disclosed that the \'93
Panchayat Agreement\'94, a copy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10551915 of which was forwarded with the application, had never been presented for consent.
\par 
\par It was contended by Mr. Stuart that the gaining of the consent by the Board in July, 1965 \'93covered all pre-existing defects\'94. In the view I take of the mat
ter I do not think it necessary to rely on any such argument or to hold, as Counsel submitted, that the granting of an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10551915 ex post facto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10551915 consent validated the transaction.
\par 
\par The application for consent made full disclosure of the facts concerning the signing of
 the Panchayat document and the lapse of time between the date of signing and that of the application for consent. As is pointed out in section 12(1), the granting or withholding of consent shall be in the absolute discretion of the Board. The fact that, 
with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1245931 a full know}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9918819 ledge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1245931  of the facts, the Board gave its consent to the transfer of the mother\rquote 
s one-half share in the leasehold property to her son indicates that, at least in the opinion of the Board, the evil which section 12 was designed to cure was not present in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1245931 
\par Put shortly, I am of the opinion that the Panchayat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10299737  document could not be held }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11107389 illegal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10299737 ab initio }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10299737 on the ground that the consent of the Native Land Trust Board to it had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11999563 not been obtained prior to }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10299737 the signatu
re to it by Respondent; that the time for applying for consent was prior to its becoming a dealing in land binding both parties to it, and a formal document setting out particulars of the transfer was to be prepared and signed; and that prior to that time
 the Native Land Trust Board, with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11999563 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10299737 full knowledge }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 of the facts, granted formal consent to the transaction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1245931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 
\par Accordingly, in my view, Respondent is not entitled to rely on the prov}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11430320 isions of section 12(1) of the N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 ative Land Trust Ordinance to refuse to carr
y out the obligations she entered into when she signed the Panchayat document, unless the 4th question set out earlier in this judgment is answered in the negative.
\par 
\par That question calls for consideration the further find}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15279113 ing of the learned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 
 trial Judge, set out in his judgment in these terms:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4276805 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 \'93
The purchaser, i.e. the defendant, had no authority to obtain consent on behalf of the plaintiff, consequently the endorsement on the Panchayat Agreement is of no effect. I am satisfied that the Native Land Trust Boar
d would not have granted consent to such a dealing unless the owner herself applied for consent or someone acting strictly on authority applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 
for consent on her behalf.\'94 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13768458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 
\par It is a little difficult to understand the basis for his finding that the Board would not have granted consent except upon the application of the owner herself or her duly appointed agent. It is true that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 Charmers v Pardoe }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 [1963] 3 ALL ER 552 their Lordships of the Privy Council said at p. 554:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4276805 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13768458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 \'93
The Board could act only on application made in proper form by Mr. Pardoe or some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9463937 one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458  acting on his behalf.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13768458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12024196 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 
I do not take that as laying down a definite rule that in no circumstances is the Board entitled to grant its consent to a dealing in land except upon the application of the vendor. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458 Court Bros.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13768458  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455\charrsid15692455 Fur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455 nishers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455 Ltd. v. Sunbeam Transport Ltd. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455\charrsid15692455 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15692455  the application for the Board\rquote 
s consent was made by the purchaser; the consent was granted on the application; and this Court decided that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10184517 
dealing covered by the consent so obtained was a valid one. Similarly, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10184517 Fong Lee v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 Mitlal and Anor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 
1966}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13724440 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859  FLR 4 the application for the co
nsent of the Board, which was granted, was made by the purchaser, who was held by this Court entitled to specific performance of the contract.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1139325 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 
\par It is true that the primary obligation to obtain the Board\rquote s consent to a dealing lies on the vendor; but I can see no reason why such application should not be made by the purchaser. No objection was taken, in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 Court Bros. Ltd. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 Fong Lee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859  cases cited above, to the grant of the Board\rquote 
s consent on the application of the purchaser. Accordingly, I am of opinion that if Appellant had applied in his own name for the consent it would have been competent for the Board to grant it.
\par 
\par There is a further finding by the learned tr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11618497 ial Judge that the Native Land T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 rust Board must have been misled into granting the consent, whi
ch must be regarded now as non-existent. With respect, I feel that this finding is open to objection. Appellant, with the express or implied approval }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
of his mother, had been managing the property and everything connected with it for some time. When the sol
icitors advised him that the approval of the Native Land Trust Board must be sought, Respondent was in hospital and unable to make any application herself. In these circumstances, I think the son was justified in considering that he was entitled to apply 
in his mother\rquote s name. His evidence on the point is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 this:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16530859 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13567632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 Q. \'93Why did you sign as agent for your mother?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13567632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13567632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
A. Because I was working the whole land and I was looking after my mother and she was in a very bad condition in the hospital, and I signed on the advice of my solicitors.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13567632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
\par It cannot, in my view, be said that the appellant tried to mislead the Board, or that the Board was misled into granting the consent. I am satisfied that the Board was put in possession of the facts the Board was required to know in 
determining whether or not to grant consent.
\par 
\par For this reason I would hold that the transaction involving the transfer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5571235 to appellant of his mother\rquote 
s undivided half interest in the leasehold property was not unlawful as being in contravention of section 12 of the Native Land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5571235 
Trust Ordinance. Accordingly I would allow the appeal, set aside the judgment of the Supreme Court and remit the case to the Court to make an order granting specific performance on the Agreement to transfer to Appellant one-half interest 
in Native Lease No. 9488.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13567632 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5571235 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5571235 Appeal dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5571235\charrsid5571235 
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