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SUPREME COURT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid11286654 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid11286654 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11286654 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid11286654 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Appellate Jurisdiction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11286654 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11286654 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
DETTKE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11286654 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11286654 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11286654 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
MILLER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13728711 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6176672 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6176672\charrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7629585 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid18795 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
[SUPREME COURT, 1967 (Hammett J.), 16th December 1966, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6176672 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid18795 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 th April 1967]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5332855 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Bastardy-proceedings in-civil and not criminal in nature-summons served out of the jurisdiction-wa\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 iver of defective service by appearance to defend on merits-Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 9)-Bastardy Or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2562295\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dinance (Cap. 33) ss.16, 19(2). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Court-jurisdiction-civil proceedings-defect in ser}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vice-waiver of irregularity by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1575955 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appearance to defend on merits. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Pra\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ctice and procedure-bastardy proceedings-civil in nature-defect in service-waiver by appearance to defend-Criminal Procedu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2562295\charrsid1575955 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 re Code (Cap. 9)-Bastardy Ordin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid1575955 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ance (Cap. 33) ss.16, 19(2).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1575955 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid2562295 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2562295 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The respondent filed a complaint with the Magistrate's Court at Suva unde\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
r the Bastardy Ordinance alleging that the appellant was the father of her child. Leave to serve the summons out of the jurisdiction was given by a magistrate and it was served on the appellant at Honiara in the British Solomon Islands Protectorate}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . The ap\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
pellant appeared by counsel in the proceedings in the Magistrate's Court at Suva and contested the complaint on the merits, though counsel finally submitted that there was no jurisdiction as the summons had been served outside Fiji. An order was made in f
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vour of the respondent and the appellant appealed therefrom, alleging excess of jurisdic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tion by the Magistrate's Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Held:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  1. That although, by virtue of the provisions of sections 16 and 19 (2) of the Bastardy Ordinance, the procedure in matters arisi\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ng under the Ordinance is governed by t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2562295\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he Criminal Procedure Code, pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ceedings under the Ordinance are nevertheless civil proceedings and not crimin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
al or quasi-criminal in nature.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The service of the summons outside the jurisdiction was irregular, but i\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n civil proceedings it is open to a party to waive a de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fect such as defective service.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 By contesting the co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mplaint on the merits counsel f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or the appellant had submitted to the jurisdiction and waived any objection he might have taken at the outset and \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
it was too late for him to take such objection thereafter. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2562295 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cases referred to: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1704280 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Parker v. Green}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1704280 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1862) 2 B & S 299; 121 ER }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1084: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1704280 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
R. v. Lightfoot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1704280 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1856) 25 LJMC 115; 6 E & B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  822: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1519544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s. v. E.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1967] 1 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1519544 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B 367; [1967] 1 All ER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  593.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal from an order of the Ma\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 gistrate's Court mad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e under the Bastardy Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C. D. S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid12932111 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ingh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B. March}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 for the appell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. A. K}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid12932111 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 earsley}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for the respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10100083 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 HAMMETT J. [11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10100083 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 th April 1967]-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10100083 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On 28th June, 1966 the Complainant-Respondent, a single woman, filed a complaint with the M\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
agistrate's Court a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t Suva under the Bastardy Ordin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ance that at Suva on 11th July, 1965 she was delivered of a bastard child of which the Defendant-Appellant is the father. The address for service .of the Defendant-Appellant was stated to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  be Honiara in the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 British Solo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mon Islands Protectorate and leave was g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10100083\charrsid10163446 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 iven by the learned trial Magis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 trate for the summons to be served outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the jurisdiction of the Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10163446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The summons which was returnable at Suva on 26th August, 1966 was served on the Defendant-Appellan
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  in Honiara on 26th July, 1966.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10163446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
On 26th August, 1966 when the case was called in the Magistrate's Court at Suva the Complainant-Respondent appeared in person. Counsel appeared for the Appellant and informed the Court that the Appellant would defend the a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ction but would not be appearing personally. The case was adjourned to 23rd September, 1966 when each side was represented by Coun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
sel and the hearing took place.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10163446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Compla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10163446\charrsid10163446 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 inant gave evidence in support }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of her complaint and was cross-examined by Counsel f
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or the Appellant. Her witnesses -three in all -were then called and each of them was cross-examined by Cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
nsel for the Appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10163446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
At the close of the case for the Complainant-Respondent, the Appellant's Counsel informed the Court that no evidence would be\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  called for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10163446 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Defence.  He then made submis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
sions on behalf of the Defence:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid10163446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14685544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid14685544 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Firstly - that there was insufficient corroboration of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e evidence of the Complainant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 He submitted that the evidence of the Complainant did not amount to more than that the App\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ellate had the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 opportunity of having sexual intercourse with her. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12932111 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3217105 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14685544 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Secondly -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14685544 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that even though a person submits to the jurisdiction of the Court, the Court still had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
no jurisdiction because the sum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14685544 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mons was served outside Fiji.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid8983799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In his careful Judgment the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 learned trial Senior Magistrate held that the Appellant had in fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  submitted to the jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
of the Court and had waived any defect or irregularity that there may have been in service. He reviewed the evidence and held that there was ample corroborat\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ion of the evidence of the Complainant which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he accepted. He properly direct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8983799 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ed himself and adjudged the Appe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8983799\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 llan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 t to be the putative father of the Complainant's child and ordered him to pay the weekly sum of \'a3\loch\f0 
1.5.0 for the child and to pay the Complainant'\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s which .he assessed at \'a3\loch\f0 8.8.0.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid8983799 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8983799 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is against this decision that the Appellant appeals on the follo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 wing grounds:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid8983799 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11156375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(i) That the said Magistrate's Court exceeded its jurisdiction in that the proceedings under the Bastardy Ordinance, Cap. 33, being cri\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
minal or quasi-criminal in nature (by virtue of the common law, Sections 16 and 19 (2) of the Bastardy Ordinance, Section 87 of the Criminal Procedure Code}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , Cap. 9) required the said sum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mons to be served within the Colony of Fiji, and that because the said\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  summons had not been so served the proceedings in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  said Magistrate's Court were a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  nullity notwithstan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ding the Peti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tioner's apparent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
submission to jurisdiction. The said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Magistrate's Court did not have power to permit the Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  to submit to jurisdi\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ction which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Court could not possess at law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11156375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(ii) That the said Magistrate's Court erred in, law in not complying with the provisions of Section 3 (b) of the Bastardy Ordinance in that it had decided that the "date }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of complaint" shown on the said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 summons is not at law the "date of application" by the said Mary Miller. The said Magistrate's Court therefore did not have jurisdiction to try the matt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5514478\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er notwithstanding the Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er's apparent submission to jurisdiction through his solicitor. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid7629585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11156375 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(iii) T\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hat the said Magistrate's Court erred on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4410277\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the facts in finding that there }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11156375 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was sufficient evidence of corroboration of a standard required by law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7629585\charrsid4410277 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The second and third grounds of appeal are on the merits but these were abandoned at the hearing where the Ap
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pellant onl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y relied upon the first ground.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid4410277 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On thi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4410277\charrsid4410277 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s ground of appeal it is first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the contention of the Appellant that proceeding's under the Ba
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4410277\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 stardy Ordinance are criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or quasi-criminal in nature. This is a contention that has been raised before and i\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
t arises, I think, because of the provisions of Sections 16 and 19 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4410277\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid4410277 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the Bastardy Ordinance which read}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 :
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid4410277 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15614560 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"16. Except as provided for or varied by this Ordinance all procedure including the computation of and other matters with respect to costs shall b\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e as near as may be according to the procedure und}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er the Criminal Procedure Code.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid16651569 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15614560 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078168\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 9. (2) The provisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  of the Criminal Procedure Code relating to appeals shall, as far as may be applicable, apply to a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n appeal under this Ordinance."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16651569\charrsid1078168 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1078168 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is quite clear fr\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
om the express words of these sections that all they do is to provide for the proced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078168\charrsid1078168 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ure to be followed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1078168 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in Bastardy Cases. The mere fact that the procedure is to f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078168\charrsid1078168 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ollow the provisions of the Cri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1078168 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 minal Procedure Code does not of itself make them criminal proc\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eedings if they are no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3944818 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t in fact criminal proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3944818\charrsid1078168 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1078168\charrsid1078168 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1078168 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  only authorities I have been able to trace do not support the contention of the Appellant that at Common Law these are criminal or quasi-criminal proceedings. As far as I am aware there is no cause
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  of action at Common Law in the nature of Affiliation proceedings -th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3944818 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ey are the creature of Statute.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3944818\charrsid1078168 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12932111 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
In 1862 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid3217105 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Parker v. Green}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3217105 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  2 B & S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  299, 311 Crompton J. said: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid3944818\charrsid3944818 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15614560 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"It is well established that, wherever a party aggrieved in suing for a penalty, where the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  proceedings can be treated as the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11948002\charrsid15614560 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  suit of the party, -as, for in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid15614560 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 stance, an application for an order in bastardy, -the proceeding is a civil one, and the defendant is a competent witness."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3944818\charrsid11948002 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11948002 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It will be remembered that in those days, in England, a defendant \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
in criminal proceedings was neither a competent nor a compellable witness and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11948002\charrsid11948002 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  a decision on the question of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid11948002 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 whether pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11948002\charrsid11948002 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ceedings were criminal or civil }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was of considerable importance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523\charrsid11948002 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Again in 1856 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid3217105 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Queen v. Lightfo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid3217105 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3217105 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  25 LJMC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  115, 118, a case }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that ar\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ose out of Bastardy proceedings, in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the Judgment of Lord Campbell C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
.J. is the following passage:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523\charrsid2118412 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6170114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid6170114 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The matter here in dispute was entir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ely of a civil nature viz: the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid6170114 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 obligation to maintain a child and the defendant might have been examined a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523\charrsid6170114 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s a witness on \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his own behalf."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12348523\charrsid2118412 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
I have not overlooked the fact that the other Judges in Lightfoot's case did not reach the same final conclusion in the case as Lord Ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mpbell but on the question of whether the proceedings were of a civil nature or not was no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
t refe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rred to\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  in their judgments and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the view of Lord Campbell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 .J. on that issue was not questioned. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid2118412 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 This matter was considered again in 1966 in the Supreme Court in England by Chapman J. in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid1335964 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 S. v. E.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 of which a brief report appeared in "The Times" dated 6th December\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , 1966. In the report of the Jud}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 gment in that case appears the f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ollowing passage: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12932111 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid2118412 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8790825 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"Mr. Swinton Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 omas contended that these procee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ding were quasi-criminal and not "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 civil" within the Act of 1856. It could be said fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r his argument that in this country, affi
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 liation proceedings had many of the trappings of criminal proceedings. The trend of the legislation and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 authorities - including the Affiliation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Proceedings A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ct, 1957, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid1335964 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Regina v. Lightfoot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1335964 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1856) 25 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1335964 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 MC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  115) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid1335964 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Parker v. Green}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid8790825 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1335964 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1862) 2 B & S }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 299) -were en\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tirely one way. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 His Lordship enter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
tained no doubt that affiliation proceedings were civil proceedings. That meant that the defendant w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
as not merely competent but compellable; and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 there was no privilege entitling him to decline }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid8790825 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to answer the questions."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12260940\charrsid2118412 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  know of no reason why different considerati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ons should be applied in Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
to proceedings under the Bastard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Ordinance. I cannot therefore accept the Appellant's contention that such proceedings are criminal or quasi-criminal in nature. The learned trial Se\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nior Magistrate was, in my view, correct in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  his view }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid2118412 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
that proceedings under the Bastardy Ordinance are civil proceeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s and not criminal proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid2118412 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There can be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12932111 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  no doubt however irrespective }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the question of whether the proceedings in this case were 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of a criminal or civil nature, that the service of the summons on the Appellant at Honiara, out of the jurisdiction, was irregular. This appears to have been recognised in the Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 urt below despite the fact that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 leave to effect such servic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e had been given by\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  that Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
On the other hand, it is open to the parties in civil proceedings to waive any objection to defects in procedure -such as to defective service -and this is what the Court below held had been done in this case. After having been served, whethe
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r defectively served or not, the Appellant appeared twice at the Court below by h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
is Counsel. His Counsel partici}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pated fully in the proceedings on the me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2118412\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rits and cross-examined the wit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nesses called by the Complainant. At t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he end of the hearing the Appel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lant\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
's Counsel submitted that, on the merits, the Complainant had not made out her case against the Appellant. It was only after that that he raised for the first time the question of whether the Court had jurisdiction by reason of de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fective service of the sum\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mons.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid2562295 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
In my opinion it was then too late for the point to be raised as by his conduct the Appellant had waived any objections he might have taken at the outset to the case being heard at all by reason of (a) defective servi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ce or (b) want of jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
I have considered all the authorities cited before me, none of which appear to be on all fours with the present case. Counsel for the Appellant in effect conceded both before me and in the Court below that he had submitted to the jurisdiction of the Court
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  in his submissions he made at the close of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Complainant's case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Further in the second ground of appea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l to this Court (which he admit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tedly has abandoned) the Appellant ag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ain conceded that he had 'appar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ently' submitted to the jurisdiction of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he Court b\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 elow through his Soli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 citor.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
By appealing as he has to this Court against the finding of the Court below on the merits the Appellant has, in my view, again submitted to the jurisdiction. If he had not submitted to the jurisdiction or had not wished to do s
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o he could have applied to the Supreme Court originally for a Writ of Prohibition or alternatively later for a Writ or Orde}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r of Certiorari to bring up the decision of the Court below f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or the purpose of being quashed as b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
eing made without jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
is well established that a litigant who has voluntarily submitted himself to the jurisdiction of a court by a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid13176512 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ppearing before it cannot after}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 wards dispute its jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid13176512 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8143438 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14691047 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
As is said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid3744035 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Dicey's Conflict o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid3744035 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f Laws}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid14691047 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 (7th Edn.) at page 1021:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14691047 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid14691047 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14691047 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid14691047 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"Where such a liti\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 gant, though a defendant rather than a plaintiff, appears and pleads to the merits without protesting the jurisdiction there is clearly a voluntary submission."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid18795 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid5992099 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In these circumstances I am of the opini}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on that no sound reasons have be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5992099\charrsid5992099 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 en }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 advanced on behalf \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the Appella}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13176512\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nt why the order made against hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5992099\charrsid5992099 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 m in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the Court below should be disturbed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5334152\charrsid5992099 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid5992099 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 For these reasons the appeal is dismissed with costs which I assess at \'a3\loch\f0 10.10.0. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5992099\charrsid5992099 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid18795\charrsid8143438 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal dismissed.
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