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{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times};}
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\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 P.J.), 12th November, 3rd December}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
law-judgment-apparent misdirection }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self defence-no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 se\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lf }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 before court-Penal Code }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 8) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s.271-Criminal Proce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 dure Code (Cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 9) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf19\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 155. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 convicted }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in the Magistrates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Court of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 offence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 assault }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 using }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 actual bodily harm. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a statement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to the police he said that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 complainant\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  attacked him but in his evidence at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 refuted any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of self defence and relied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 upon a defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of accident }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 course of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 struggle. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The magistrate, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in his judg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ment, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 used the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 words }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence relied upon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 provocation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
self-defence. Neither }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
these }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defences".}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Taken out of context this was a serious }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 misdirection in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 law, as self defence can afford a complete }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf21\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 assault causing actual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bodily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 harm. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 2. At the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 end of the case }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 no evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 from which the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 court would have been entitled to find an issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 favour of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant and in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 light of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 no misdirection. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3. It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was in any }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 event }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
a case in which there was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 no possibility that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the mis\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 direction, if any, turned the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 scale against }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid9396486\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the appellant. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cases referred to: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cunningham }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1959] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1 QB 288; [1959] 2 WL}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 63: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Lobell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1957] 1 Q}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  547; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1957] 1 All ER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  734: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Chan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Kau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Que}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 en }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4095510\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1955] A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4095510\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  206; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1955] 2 WLR 192; 1 All ER 266.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf21\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appea\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by Magistrates Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 K. C. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ramrakha}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4140759\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 A. Palmer}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Crown}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4140759 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4140759\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 HAMMETT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 P.J.: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [3rd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 December, 1965]-}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf21\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf21\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
appellant was convicted of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 offence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Causing Actual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Bodily Harm, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 contrary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 271 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Penal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Co\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 de b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y the Magis}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 trate's Court of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
First Class sitting at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Taveuni.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4140759\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 particulars of offence 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 read }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as follows:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15419725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "GOPAL }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 alias Sukuru son of Ram Khelawan (M/I)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 9th }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 day of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 July, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1965 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf20\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Nalovo Taveuni in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the Northern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Division }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 assaulted Ram Rau son of\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Narayan Sami}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 Reddy thereby occasioning him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf18\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 actual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bodily harm.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4095510 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4140759 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf17\insrsid4140759\charrsid11951661 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 are three grounds of appeal of which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 reads: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15419725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "l. That having }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 regard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to all }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the circumstances of the case, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
learned trial Magistrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 erred in law in excluding the defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f self-defence." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The case for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
prosecution was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that Rama Rau, who has been a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sirdar for 18 years, was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 charge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 number }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of labourers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 cutting gras}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was a member of this gang and spent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 over 15 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 minutes sharpening his cane knife. Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 au told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to hurry up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 because it was getting late. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sirdar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not to talk }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 much }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ause }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a bad mood and Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rau told him if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 so, to go }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 home. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 thereupon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 attacked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama Rau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his sharpened }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 cane knif\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Rama Rau was not armed in any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 way and he retreated and then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 turned round }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to run }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 away. The appel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lant thereupon struck him once, across }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his back, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his cane knife. This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
blow caused a severe wound on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 back of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama Rau running obliquely from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 back \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his shoulder down }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 across the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ribs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on his back}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 which was 6 inches }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 long}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4095510\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid3216224\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4140759 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'bd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  inches }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 deep and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 1 \'be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  inches wide at the centre. It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was a very }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 severe }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 wound and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama Rau was taken to hospital }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 where he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 treated }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as an in-patient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
for ten days and then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
an ou\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t-patient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 some time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 afterwards. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
evidence of Rama Rau was corroborated, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid4140759 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by the testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eye-witnesses who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a few paces away at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 time he was attacked. When }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
the appellant was arrested he made a statement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to the police\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rau first abused him and then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 attacked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by throwing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 punch. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 He said he merely put his knife in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 front }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of him to avoid the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 punch. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The accused did not, and did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 make }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 attempt, to account }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for the severe wound on Rama Rau's back. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 At }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rial the appellant gave evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 but called no witnesses. He said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that Rama Rau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 first abused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and then came up to him and held him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 they then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 grappled. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In examination-in-chief }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he said }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 want to hit Rama Rau with his }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 knife and in cross}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid8272012\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 xamination }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hit him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 reiterated this. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is quite }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 clear that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did not adopt or repeat his explanation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 made }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his first statement }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to the Police that he did no more than hold his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 knife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 front }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him to avoid a punch }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 aimed at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him by Rama Rau. That }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 explanation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 amounted to a plea of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self-defence, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 course }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fail }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 entirely to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 account }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for the wound on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 back of Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Rau. The appellant made no reference in his ev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nce to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his statement to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Po\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not only did not adopt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 gave an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 entirely different version of the incident. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The defence raised by the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his trial was not that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self-defence, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the wound }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was caused accidentally in the course of a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 struggle. In fact, th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e appellant expressly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 refuted at his trial any question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of having struck the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 blow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self-defence. He repeatedly insisted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did not h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf24\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama Rau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his knife at all. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In the light }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it is not easy to understand the words used by the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  learned trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Magistrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in his brief }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 when he said: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid15419725 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15419725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"The defence relied on provocation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as a defence and self-defence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf25\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf23\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Neither of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf22\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 these can be defences." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
part of the Judgment that the appellant complains in his first ground of ap\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 peal, as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fatal misdirection in law "having regard to all the circumstances of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 case". Taken out of its context in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the Judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
and read entirely on its own, there can be no doubt, and the Crown concedes this, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 amount }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 serious }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4095510\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 direction \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
in law. It is true that provocation cannot be relied on as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in law to a charge of Assault Causing Actual Bodily Harm }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cunningham}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1959] 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 WLR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 63 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "provocation" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 only goes to miti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid3216224\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 gation of sentence. "Self-defenc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e" however can of course aff
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ord a complete defence to such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  a charge. It is a complete mis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 direction to say that self-defence cannot be a defence to such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 charge. The question of whether the facts in any particular case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 do amount }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
to self-defence is, however, an entirely different matt\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Crown submit that what 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eant by the learned trial Magis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 trate }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 use of these words, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
these circumstances, is that the evidence in this case does not, and cannot, amount to a defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 self-defence. To a certain extent this is conceded \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appeal since the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is phrased not simply as a complaint }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
a straight-out misdirection on a point of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 law, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 but that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I quote -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "having regard to all the circumstances of the case" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 learned trial Magistrate erred in law in\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  excluding the defence of self}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid8272012\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defence. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As I have already indicated, the defence of self-defence originally set }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in his statement to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Police did not and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
not possibly account for the fact that Rama Rau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 wounded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 across }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 his ba\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ck. He could not possibly have suffered that wound if the appellant merely raised his knife to ward off a punch from Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rau's fist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 At his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
trial the appellant did not raise the issue of self-defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in his evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 He expressly rejected it. He insiste\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d on asserting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that he did not hit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and that Rama Rau's wound }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was caused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 acc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 identally in a struggle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid10110824\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Lobell}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1957]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 QB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf29\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 551 Lord Goddard C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 .J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf29\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 said: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15419725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "If an }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
relating to self-defence is to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 left to the jury there must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 b\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 some evidence from which a jury would be entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
to find that issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
favour }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the accused." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Applying that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
principle to this case, it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 abundantly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 clear that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at the end }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of the cases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 both }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for the prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the defence there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was no evidence fro\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 m }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 which the Court would have been entitled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to find that issue, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 i.e. of self-defence, in favour of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a clear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 question of either accepting the case for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that the appellant made a deliberate attack with his knife on Rama }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Rau w\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hen his back }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was turned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or else not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 satisfied that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that case had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 proved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 beyond }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 reasonable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 doubt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 left }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 some doubt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not the wound was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 caused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by accident }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 a struggle, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 which event }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appellant was entitled to an ac\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 quittal. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 final paragraph of his Judgment the learned trial Magistrate said: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid15419725 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15419725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "I }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 find the facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 proved }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 beyond }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 reasonable }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 doubt. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I find accused guilty }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 convict }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf26\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf27\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf28\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid6825215\charrsid11951661 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 abundantly }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 clear from this that he held that the case for th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e prosecution had been proved beyond reasonable doubt, and that he believed the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 evidence given }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 witnesses }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 for the prosecution and did not accept the accused's testimony }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the truth. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid15419725 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In these circumstances, when the Judgment is studied as a whole -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid10110824 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it should be -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the unfortunate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 way }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in which it was expressed, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 whilst }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 appears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to have been a misdirection, was in fact not so in the particular circumstances }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 this case and in the light of the evidence. I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 add that if I had come to the contrary 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 view, I would, on the authority of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Chan Kau }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid15419725 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [1955] 2 WLR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 at p.197, have applied the test of whether, on a fair consideration of the whole proceedings, it must be held that there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
a probability that this misdirection turned the scale against\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the appellant. On that test I would have no hesitation whatsoever in answering the question posed in the negative. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10110824 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 second and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
third grounds of appeal are as follows: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2044230 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2044230 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
"2. That the learned trial Magi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 strate failed to adequately con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sider the defence r\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 aised by the appellant. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2044230 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2044230 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3. The lea}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2517210\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rned trial Magistrate failed to comply with the provi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sions of section 155 of the Criminal Procedure Code in as much }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 give }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 reasons for his judgment." 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11951661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2044230 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There are no merits in these }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 grounds. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The brief Judgment\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  recorded by the learned trial Magistrate, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 whilst }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
it may well be, and has been, open to certain objections, was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sufficient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 compliance, in a summary trial, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf31\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the requirements of section 155 of the Criminal Procedure Code. From that Judgment it is clear t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
hat adequate consideration was given to both the case for the prosecution and the case for the defence. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2044230 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4095510\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e appeal is therefore dismissed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid11951661 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid2044230 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf30\insrsid4196339\charrsid10110824 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Appeal dismissed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4196339\charrsid10110824 
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