{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}
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{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f39\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f42\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f43\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f379\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f380\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f382\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f383\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f386\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f387\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;
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\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
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{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\nofeaturethrottle1\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid15402166\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2
\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12531163 [1962]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423  8 FLR 229}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 SUPREME COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 PARAS RAO VYAS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 v.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 MAHALATCHMI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 [SUPREME COURT, 1962 (Hammet P.J.), 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~September 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 , 12th October]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Civil Jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Probate and Administration-probate in solemn form execution of will-circumstances c suspicion-proof of knowledge and approval by deceased\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 of\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 contents\~of will.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Practice and procedure-witness-cross-examination-questions affecting credibility\~\~
by attack on character-necessity for reasonable grounds for thinking imputation\~well founded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Evidence and proof-questions only relevant as affecting credibility-attack on character or witness-necessity\~
for reasonable grounds for thinking imputation\~well founded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
The deceased, aged about years, was operated on in hospital for rupture, on the 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May 1961, and for an enlarged prostate gland on the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961. The operations were successful but his condition suddenly deteriorated and he died on the 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~
June, 1961. He had made a will in 1949 in favour of his widow, the defendant. The will in favour of the plaintiff, who was an Assistant Medical Officer unrelated to the deceased, which he sought to prove in solemn form, was signed on the morning of the 25
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~
May, 1961, while the deceased was being prepared for the prostate operation. The instructions were said to have been given the evening before to a law clerk, a friend of the plaintif
f. The court, on a review of the evidence, held that there were a number of circumstances of suspicion in the conduct of the plaintiff, the absence of independent advice, the calling of only one of the attesting witnesses to give evidence and the hasty ex
ecution of the will when the deceased was under some form of sedation,\~which\~rendered the court unable to hold that it had been proved to its satisfaction that the deceased knew and approved the contents of the will.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Criticism of cross-examination of a witn
ess by questions affecting his credibility by attacking his character, but not otherwise relevant to the enquiry, unless there are reasonable grounds for thinking that the imputation conveyed is well founded or true.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Action in the Supreme Court for a decree of Probate in Solemn Form.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 A. D. Patel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~for the plaintiff.\line }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 R I. Kapadia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~for the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The facts sufficiently appear from the Judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 HAMMETT P.J.:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~[12th October, 1962]-}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The plaintiff claims that he is the executor and sole beneficiary under the last Will and Testament dated 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~
May, 1961, of the late Irragudu s/o Naraidu, who died in Lautoka Hospital on 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~June, 1961, and that Probate be decreed of this Will in solemn form.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The Defendant is the widow of the deceased in whose favour an earlier will
 dated 11th July, 1949, had been made by the deceased. Under that Will she was appointed the deceased's executrix and sole beneficiary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The Will set up by the plaintiff is opposed on the following grounds:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 1. That at the time it was executed deceased was not of sound mind, memory and understanding;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 2. That the execution of the will was obtained by the undue influence of the Plaintiff; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 3. That the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 at the time of execution of the Will did not know and was unable to approve the contents thereof.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
Many of the facts in this case are not in dispute and I hold these to be as follows.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The deceased was an elderly man of about 70 years of age. He lived at Lab
asa where he had property and came to Suva at about the beginning of 1961 and visited some old friends. Before coming to Suva he had sold some of hi property and he carried an appreciable amount of cash with him. According to the Plaintiff the deceased ha
d about \'a3500 in cash with him shortly before he died in Hospital.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
In Suva he stayed with one friend for a while and then for about six weeks with one Appanna, a fellow Southern Indian, where he met an acquaintance named Paidi. He then travelled with Paidi t
o Lomowai, where Paidi lived, with the object of renewing acquaintance with old friends in the Western Division.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 In about March, 1961, Paidi brought the deceased to Nadi Government Hospital for medical treatment. He was suffering from "pains in the joints"
 - apparently arthritis. He was seen by the Plaintiff who was an Assistant Medical Officer at the Hospital, who says he recognised the deceased as a patient he had once treated in 1959 at Savusavu Hospital. The Plaintiff attended the deceased as his patie
n
t, in a professional capacity, and treated him as an out patient two or three times a week with tablets and injections. After a short period the Plaintiff admitted the deceased to Nadi Hospital suffering from a congestive heart condition and rupture. Afte
r a week in Nadi Hospital the Plaintiff arranged for the deceased to be admitted to Lautoka Hospital for an operation for his rupture. He was admitted to Lautoka Hospital on 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~
April, 1961, for this operation which was performed successfully on 1st May, 1
961. Later a further operation of a more serious nature on his enlarged prostate gland became necessary. This was performed on 25th May, 1961, and was also successful. The deceased appeared to be making a good recovery when, whilst he was still in Lautoka
 Hospital, his condition suddenly deteriorated and he died on 3rd June, 1961.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
The case for the plaintiff is that he used to visit the deceased whilst he was in Lautoka Hospital as a friend and not in a professional capacity. He said that on 24th May, 1961, 
he came from Nadi to see the deceased accompanied by two friends. One of these was Parsu Ram, a lawyer's clerk. The Plaintiff said the decease never mentioned to him his intention of making a will. He related how after having been with the deceased for ab
out 10 minutes on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~
May, 1961, they were leaving at about 8.00 p.m. when the deceased said he wanted to see Parsu Ram alone. Parsu Ram then returned and conversed with the deceased on his own for about 5 minutes and then again left him. Parsu Ram has sta
ted that in this brief period the deceased gave him instructions to prepare a will for him to sign in favour of the Plaintiff. He said he made very brief notes in a note book he had with him of these instructions. Parsu Ram admitted that in this very brie
f
 conversation, he did not ask the deceased or have any discussion with him about either the extent of his property or whether the deceased had any relatives or dependents alive for whom he wished, or felt he ought to make some provision in his will. He di
d nothing to ensure that the deceased clearly understood that the effect of the will he says he proposed making in favour of the Plaintiff, would result in any dependents or relatives he might have being left unprovided for.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Parsu Ram says he told the Plaintiff what the deceased had said as they left Lautoka Hospital at about 8.00 p.m. on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
The next morning, very early, Parsu Ram himself typed out the will the Plaintiff seeks to prove in this case and went with the Plaintiff by taxi from Nadi t
o Lautoka Hospital where they arrived at about 7:30 a.m. They sought and obtained the permission of A.M.O. Laisiasa to see the deceased. Laisiasa gave evidence that before they arrived the Plaintiff had telephoned and told him that the deceased wanted to 
see him urgently.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
At that time the deceased, having been given preoperative sedatives the previous night was actually being prepared for the operation on his enlarged prostate gland \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Parsu Ram has given evidence of how after waiting until the preparations 
of the deceased for his forthcoming operation had been completed he read over the will to the deceased in the presence and hearing of the taxi-driver Tangavelu, and the Plaintiff, and that the deceased executed it by placing his thumb print on it in the p
r
esence of himself and Tangavelu and the Plaintiff. It is to be noted that Parsu Ram says he had, before its execution, typed in the date on the will as "26th" May, 1961, although he says it was in fact executed on "25th" 'May, 1961. It would appear that t
h
e date on the will was typed at a different time from the rest of the line in which it appears since it is quite out of alignment. The Plaintiff who, according to Parsu Ram, was present and within hearing whilst the will was being read over to the decease
d, said he did not in fact hear what was said although he saw the deceased's thumb print being placed on a document. Tangavelu, the second attesting witness to the will was not called to give evidence in support of it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 In the course of this action an attack
 was made by the defence on the character of the Plaintiff. This might, of course, if successful, not only raise suspicions about his motives but also might affect his credibility as a witness. I shall, therefore, review this evidence in order that its ne
tt effect and result can be understood.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
The Plaintiff was, at the material time, an Assistant Medical Officer. He agreed that he was not a relation of any kind of the deceased and said he first met him in 1959 when he was a patient of his for a short time w
hilst he was stationed as a Medical Officer at Savusavu. It was first suggested to him in cross-examination that he was transferred from Savusavu to Taveuni as a result of complaints made against him in Savusavu. He denied this. No particulars of what the
s
e alleged complaints were about were given. In my opinion Counsel for the defence, Mr. Kapadia, should never have made such allegations without specifying their nature more clearly to show that they were relevant. Not only do I doubt their relevance I hol
d that on the evidence before me the Defence is bound by the answer given by the Plaintiff to this allegation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The next suggestion made to the Plaintiff under cross-examinations by Mr. Kapadia was that the Plaintiff was transferred from his next station, Ta
vuni, as a result of complaints by a female patient that he had interfered with her sexually as a result of which he was charged by the police with a criminal offence. The Plaintiff admitted he had been so charged by the police but said that that charge h
ad been withdrawn. Here again the fact that a female patient may have made such a complaint is quite irrelevant as far as the character of the Plaintiff is concerned unless those allegations have been admitted by the Plaintiff or proved to be true.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 I feel I
 should make it quite clear that it is improper for Counsel to put questions, which affect the credibility of a witness, by attacking his character, but which are not otherwise relevant to the actual enquiry, unless he has reasonable grounds for \~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Since it
 was never suggested to the Plaintiff in cross-examination by Mr. Kapadia that the truth of these allegations had ever been admitted by him or that they had been proved to be true it would appear that they should not have been put. In any event he was bou
nd by the Plaintiff's replies to those questions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
In my opinion, therefore, neither of those suggestions reflect adversely on the Plaintiff's credibility as a witness in any way and I have entirely discounted them in evaluating the evidence in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Th
e third suggestion put to the Plaintiff was that his appointment as an Assistant medical Practitioner had been terminated. The Plaintiff admitted this and said that the reason for the termination of his appointment was because he had issued at Nadi withou
t
 authority, prescriptions for certain drugs. This might possibly have adversely affected his character and thereby his credibility as a witness, if the extent of such malpractice had been made clear. Since however there is no evidence of the particular ci
r
cumstances that led to the Plaintiff's appointment being terminated and it is possible that it was due to ignorance or some such cause not bringing with it any opprobrium, I do not consider that it would be right to allow even this evidence of itself to r
eflect adversely on the Plaintiff's credibility as a witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
In any event, the Plaintiff gave very little evidence of what the deceased's intentions were, and none of what instructions he gave for his will, nor what was read over to the deceased before he 
executed the will, and my decision in this case does not rest on the Plaintiff's credibility as a witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 After considering the whole of the testimony before me and notwithstanding the fact that the deceased had, shortly before he made this will, been the
 Plaintiff's patient, although he was not at the time he actually made it, I have no hesitation in holding that there is wholly insufficient evidence to support the allegation that the deceased's execution of this will was obtained by the undue influence 
of the Plaintiff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Nevertheless there are a number of circumstances in this case that do excite suspicion. They are these.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 In the first place there are the actual circumstances in which the will was executed. On the c evening of the 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961, the Plain
tiff knew that the deceased was going to have a quite serious operation the on the morning of the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961. When he left the deceased that evening he said he first learned of the deceased's instructions to Parsu Ram to prepare a will making him, the 
Plaintiff, the executor and sole beneficiary. I find it difficult to believe that the Plaintiff did anything to ensure that this was a settled and considered decision on the part of the testator. The Plaintiff himself seems to have acted largely as if it 
w
as he, rather than the deceased, who was determined to get the will executed before the deceased's operation the next morning. The Plaintiff himself did not disclose the matter to or consult a senior medical man as to what should be done in the circumstan
ces. On the contrary it was the Plaintiff who phoned up A.M.O. Laisiasa very early in the morning of the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961, and said that it was the deceased who wanted to see him, the Plaintiff, urgently. Parsu Ram said nothing about this and I do not underst
and the need of the Plaintiff himself to see the testator again on the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May after having seen him only the night before. Again I find it difficult to understand if the Plaintiff did not know of the deceased's intentio
n of leaving him all his property until after his visit to the deceased on the 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961, why it was that the Plaintiff did not express his gratitude and appreciation to the testator as soon as he saw him on the morning of the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961. That is 
what one might have expected a normal reaction to be. Again, although the Plaintiff told A.M.O. Laisiasa that the deceased wanted to make a will, he did not tell Laisiasa that this will was going to leave everything to the Plaintiff himself. This failure 
to be open and frank with A.M.O. Laisiasa about this was most unfortunate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
Then there is the question of the position of Parsu Ram. He was a friend of the Plaintiff, not the deceased. The deceased did not at any time receive any independent advice about his
 will, nor did Parsu Ram or the Plaintiff suggest or ensure that the deceased did have independent advice. Parsu Ram said he was taken to the Hospital at Lautoka from Nadi in a taxi provided and paid for by the Plaintiff and that later he gave the Plainti
ff a bill of costs for the work done. NThere certainly do seem to be grounds for believing that even Parsu Ram regarded the Plaintiff, his friend, as his client rather than the testator himself, despite Parsu Ram's evidence to the contrary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Again there was 
the conflict of evidence between that of Parsu Ram and the Plaintiff himself about how it was that Tangavelu, the taxi driver, came to be called inside Lautoka Hospital to witness this will. This conflict was never resolved and I found it difficult to und
e
rstand. For reasons, which were not stated, the plaintiff saw fit not to call Tangavelu to give evidence for him. He could possibly have been more of an independent witness than perhaps was Parsu Ram and I find the failure of the Plaintiff both to call hi
m as a witness and to explain his absence very difficult to understand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Finally, the Plaintiff knew, when he called with Parsu Ram to see the testator at about 7.30 a.m. on the morning of the 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 \~May, 1961, that he would have had a preoperative sedative th
e previous night and believed that he would also have had a further sedative or tranquilliser at 6:30 a.m. that very morning. From the Plaintiff's own evidence it would appear that he believed the deceased had had his further preoperative sedative before 
t
he Plaintiff and Parsu Ram saw him that morning, although the evidence is that he had it a little later. In these circumstances it does seem most unfortunate that the Plaintiff did not consider it to be most essential that some really independent person o
f
 standing, such as A.M.O. Laisiasa for example, should speak with the testator and read over the will, ensure that he did in fact understand its contents and effect and did appreciate the extent of his property and to ascertain for sure whether it was his
 intention of making no provision whatever for any of his own relatives or dependents, and to benefit only the Plaintiff under this will.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 It is clear from the evidence of Parsu Ram that he acted without any reference to his principal and had little or no ex
perience of such matters and that he made no effort to ensure that the deceased had any really independent advice, or that he knew the extent of his property or considered any moral obligations he might have towards any relatives or dependants who might s
u
rvive him. Again it seems that the preparation and execution of his will were carried out with almost indecent haste with the very active assistance of the Plaintiff before the testator's operation and that at the time the testator did execute it he may, 
to some extent at least, have been under the effect of the preoperartive drugs or tranquillizers which had been given him the previous night.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 The plaintiff gave evidence that after the deceased's last operation he visited him in Hospital periodically before
 he died. What I have found to be a puzzling feature of this case is the fact that the Plaintiff, when he gave his evidence, never once mentioned that he had ever said one word of appreciation to the deceased for making him his sole beneficiary. If he had
 
done so and the deceased had, in front of independent witnesses, confirmed that this had been his intention and expressed his satisfaction at having done this, I might have been able to satisfy myself that the deceased did in fact know and did in fact ful
l
y approve of the contents of his will. As it is, however, especially as only one of the attesting witnesses has given evidence and he did not impress m me as a witness in whose testimony I could with any confidence rely, I do not feel able to say that it 
h
as been proved to my satisfaction that the deceased did know and approve the contents of this will. My doubts on this score and the circumstances of suspicion which do surround this case have not been resolved as satisfactorily as they must be to entitle 
me to pronounce in favour of the will which the Plaintiff has attempted to prove in this case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 In these circumstances the claim is dismissed with costs. The Defendant is entitled to apply for grant of Probate of the earlier will.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14289423 \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 Action dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14289423\charrsid14289423 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1972231 
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