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{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
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{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
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\b\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid7999936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Criminal Jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid7999936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid8678208 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid7999936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 WONG CHOW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid7999936 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Maxwell Anderson, C.J.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8678208 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 June 12, 1934}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3087961 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7999936\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid7999936 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Drugs and Poisons Ordinance 1926\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 Importation of prepared opium\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
Person carrying parcel innocent as to contents\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 Definition of importer\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 Quaere whether prohibition on importation absolute.
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Wong Chow was arraigned on an information alleging tha\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
t he did import or bring into the Colony a prohibited drug to wit prepared opium. He pleaded not guilty.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6823598\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 It was proved that Wong Chow had received in Sydney, New South Wales, a cable asking him to receive from a certain party a parcel and to convey it to 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Suva for delivery to one Keat, another Chinese. On arrival at Suva and while still on board ship Wong Chow transferred the parcel to Keat. Both Wong Chow and Keat were arrested. Keat pleaded guilty to possession of the drug. Wong Chow from the outset deni
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d knowledge of the contents of the parcel and pointed out that he was carrying a second parcel for the Chinese Consul. Both parcels were in his possession as an innocent carrier.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Co\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 urt (with assessors) found as a fact that the accused had no knowledge of the contents of the parcel.}{
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" means the receiver or addressee of the parcel who is beneficially interested therein or, of course, one who might land the parcel kn\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 owing its contents and attempt to smuggle it through the customs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (2) "Prepared Opium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 " the importa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tion of which is absolutely pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hibited by s. 23 of the Dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ugs and Poisons Ordinance, 1926}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\fs24\super\insrsid11866500 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid3823935 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823935 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3823935\charrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Vide Editorial Note.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  is a special preparation of opium so prepar\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ed as to be susceptible of being smoked or consumed in some form of pipe.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 EDITORIAL NOTE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 .\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 The Dangerous Drugs Ordinance Cap. 112 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
(Revised Edition Vol. II p. 1091}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ) which replaces the Drugs and Poisons Ordinance, 1926 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 etains the same definition of "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 prep}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ar\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ed opium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 " (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Vide s. 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
) as appeared in the Ordinance of 1926. However in the present Ordinance the sections absolutely prohibiting the importing etc. of prepared opium etc. (ss. II and 12 Revised Edition p. 1095) form Part II of the Ordinance and the section}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s relating to drugs the importa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
tion of which is conditionally prohibited are found in Part III of the Ordinance, whereas all the corresponding sections were in Part II of the Ordinance of 1926. Part III of the present Ordinance applies to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 medicinal opi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 um"\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  but not to "prepared opium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 " as did Part II of the Ordinance of 1926.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Since the only references to "prepared opium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
" in the present Ordinance are in s. 2 (definition) and Part II (absolute prohibition) it is doubtful whether the decision as to the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 imited i
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nterpretation of "prepared opium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 " in s. 23 of the Ordinance of 1926 is applicable to Part II of the present Ordinance.]
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Cases referred to:\hich\f0 \emdash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4739846\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11866500 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14383244 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mousell Bros. Lt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d. v. L. & N.W. Railway Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1917] 2 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  836; 81 J.P. 305; 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 7 L
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  82; 118 L\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  25; 14 Dig\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . 44.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Parker v. Alder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1899] 1 Q.B. 20; 68 L\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Q\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  7; 79 L
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 T\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  381; 19 Cox. C\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  191.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. v. Woodrow}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1846] 16 L\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 M\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 C\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  122; 153 E\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  907; 14 Dig. 34.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (4) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Hobbs v. Winchester Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  [1910] 2 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  471.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ARGUMENT AS TO VERDICT ON FACTS found b\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y the Court with assessors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Attorney-General, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. S. Thacker}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , for the Crown.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4739846 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. Crompton, K.C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
., with J. M. Park, for the accused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5732688\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Attorney-General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 .\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
Even on that finding there should be a verdict of guilty. By s. 23 of the Ord}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 inance the legislature\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  has abso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lutely prohibited the importation of prepared opium and therefore a person offending against the section is guilty of a crime without proof of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . He quoted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mousell Bros. Ltd. v. L. &. N.W. Railway Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . (1917, 2 K
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  836); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Parker v. Alder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (18\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 99, I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Q\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ); }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. v. Wood}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (L\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 J
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  1847, Vol. 16, N\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 S\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  122); and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
Hobbs v. Winchester Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  (1910, 2 K\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  471).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4810330\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4810330 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R. Crompton, K.C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 .\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
The learned Attorney-General's cases relate to offences in connection with the sale of pure food, milk and meat etc. Such leg\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
islation has no bearing on an enactment such as the Drugs and Poisons Ordinance. An innocent carrier cannot import\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 the importer is the person beneficially interested in the goods. He referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Stroud's Legal Dictionary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 , definition of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 "importer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ". The doct\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rine of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ejusdem generis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 applies as to possession which does not mean actual physical possession.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 MAXWELL ANDERSON, C.J.-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
In this case the accused stands charged with importing or bringing in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to the Colony a prohibited drug-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 opium. I need not recite the facts\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
; suffice it to say that the Court has found as a fact that the accused was conveying the parcel innocently in so far that he had no knowledge of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 the contents of the parcel tem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 porarily in his charge for transit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On this finding the learned Attorney-Genera\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
l argues that accused must be convicted of the offence charged since s. 23 of Ordinance 19 of 1926 contains an absolute prohibition on import and that no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4329555 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  is necessary. He cites in support of his contention certain cases connected with the Sale of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3823935 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Food and Drugs, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
which show clearly, firstly, that there may be a complete offence without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid4329555 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 mens rea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and, secondly, the principles upon which a Court should be guided as to whether or no in any particular case it is the intention of the legislature to create
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  such an offence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4329555\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid212185 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Learned counsel for the defence argues that there is no analogy between such cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  relating to Pure Food and the question of importing or bringing in under the Ordinance,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid212185 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 which the Court now has to con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sider. He maintains that the Court s\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
hould rather look to customs laws for the definition of an importer and refers to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid13506863 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Stroud's Legal Dictionary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  and the information therein }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 given under the definition of "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 importer."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I am faced first of all with this difficulty, that whereas s. 23 of Ordinance\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
 19 of 1929 appears to be absolute in terms, yet s. 25, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid13506863 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 et. seq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ., all relate to "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 drugs un}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
der this part of this Ordinance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ", and prepared opium is undoubtedly a drug under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  such Part II of the Ordinance.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\fs24\super\insrsid13506863 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid3823935 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823935 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3823935\charrsid12865274 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ibid.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13506863\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 A closer scrutiny of s. 23, however, would se\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
em to show that the prepared opium referred to in that section is a special preparation of opium so prepared as to be susceptible of being smoked or consumed in some form of pipe and together with such preparation there is a further absolute prohibition o
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  the importation of any article that can be used either in the preparation of the opium for smoking or to assist in the smoking.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12865274\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Now in this case I have no evidence beyond that the objectionable substance is a preparation of opium and since every penal st
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
atute must be construed strictly and so far as possible in favour of the accused, in the absence of evidence that Exhibit A is a preparation susceptible of being smoked, I feel bound to hold that the exhibit is not a preparation on which there is an absol
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 u\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 te ban as regards importation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12865274\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
There now arises the further point, was the accused the actual importer of the exhibit? I have carefully considered all relevant assistance which I can find and albeit with some hesitation I come to the conclusion that in th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
e absence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12865274 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of any definition of the term "importer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
" in local legislation I should adopt the perfectly logical defini}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12865274 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tion in s. 284 of 39 and 40, Vict., c. 36.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs17\fs24\super\insrsid12865274 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\super\insrsid3823935 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823935 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3823935 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Customs Consolidation Act, 1876.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  Reading that section carefully I c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 annot consider that the words "possessed of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
" can mean an innocent carrier of a parcel and accordingly I come to the conclusion that Wong Chow was not the importer of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  parcel of opium. Any other con}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 clusion, it seems to me, might lead to very curious res\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
ults. I can conceive a case in which the shipping company might be he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ld respon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sible for the importation of a packet innocently received for carriage; the agents of the post office might even be held similarly liable, and so, the more especially in a crimin\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
al charge, I feel constrained to hold that the importer is the receiver or addressee of the parcel, who is beneficially interested therein or, of course, one who might land the parcel knowing its contents and attempt to smuggle it through the Customs.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 No \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 
such state of mind or action may be attributed to the accused and accordingly I hold that both in fact and in law the charge against him cannot be sustained.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 There wil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l accordingly be a verdict of "}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 not guilty."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12390037\charrsid3087961 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3087961\charrsid3087961 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I only desire to add that I have come to th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is conclusion with a certain degree of hesitation\hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 
if I had been sitting as a High Court judge in England I should, I think, have convicted and given leave to appeal, but I cannot put a person in the position of accused to the expense of an appeal, and so,\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 since I have a doubt, it is better that a guilty man should escape rather than that an innocent man should suffer.
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