{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff31507\deff0\stshfdbch31506\stshfloch31506\stshfhich31506\stshfbi31507\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f1\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}
{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset1\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}
{\f39\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040602050305030304}Book Antiqua;}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f41\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\f43\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f50\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}{\f51\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}
{\f53\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f54\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f55\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);}{\f56\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}
{\f57\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f58\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}{\f60\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f61\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}
{\f63\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f64\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f65\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f66\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}
{\f67\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f68\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f410\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f411\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\f413\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\f414\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f417\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f418\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}
{\f430\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Book Antiqua CE;}{\f431\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Book Antiqua Cyr;}{\f433\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Book Antiqua Greek;}{\f434\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Book Antiqua Tur;}
{\f437\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Book Antiqua Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;
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\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 BETWEEN:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 BAGMATI\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-785\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-754\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 AND:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 SHARUK\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-754\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow4\irowband4\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh868\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Appearances:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid746938 Ms Salote Nasedra for the appellant [LAC, Suva]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid746938 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid746938 Ms Jowen Singh for the respondent [LAC, Lautoka]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 
\trowd \irow4\irowband4\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh868\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow5\irowband5\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-875\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Date/Place of judgment:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid746938 Friday, 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\super\insrsid746938 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid746938  December, 2020 at Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid746938 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 .\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 
\trowd \irow5\irowband5\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-875\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow6\irowband6\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-860\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Coram: \cell }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Hon. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs18\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid746938  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid746938 Jude Nanayakkara}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid746938 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid746938 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 
\trowd \irow6\irowband6\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-860\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow7\irowband7\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-1359\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Category:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 All identifying information in this judgment have 
been anonymised or removed and pseudonyms have been used for all persons referred to. Any similarities to any persons are purely coincidental.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 
\trowd \irow7\irowband7\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-1359\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow8\irowband8\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-996\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 Anonymised Case Citation:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 
 BAGMATI v. SHARUK - Fiji Family Appeal Case Number: 7/7/20\cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 
\trowd \irow8\irowband8\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh-996\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3463\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx3355\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth6812\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow9\irowband9\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh1160\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth10275\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\nowidctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs32\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid746938 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT\cell 
}\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 \trowd \irow9\irowband9\ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh1160\trleft-108\trbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth10275\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow10\irowband10\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trrh1538\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth10275\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\pvpg\phmrg\posxc\posy750\dxfrtext180\dfrmtxtx180\dfrmtxty0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af31505\insrsid746938 \cell }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid746938 \trowd \irow10\irowband10\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh1538\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 
\tpvpg\tphmrg\tposxc\tposy750\tdfrmtxtLeft180\tdfrmtxtRight180\trftsWidth3\trwWidth10275\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid746938\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10\brdrcf17 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth10275\clshdrawnil\clhidemark \cellx10167\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid746938 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid746938\charrsid2824236  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 [A]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
INTRODUCTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (01)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
This is an appeal from the decision of the Learned Magistrate at Ba, delivered on 24.10.2019, on the hearing of Form 9 application filed by the appellant for (1) altering interests of parties in the property \endash 
 property distribution (2) return of belongings.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (02)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 The parties were married }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15148303  in 1986}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 .  They separated after 28 years of marriage in 2015.  There are two children of the parties\rquote  marriage.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (03)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
There are four (04) grounds of appeal set out in the notice of appeal filed on 07.11.2019.  The grounds of appeal are;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (01)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when excluding the matrimonial property at 
 Ba from the pool of assets without considering Section 166 (2) of the Family Law Act and without fully considering Section 160 (1) (2) and Section 161 (1) of the Family Law Act which prejudiced the appellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (02)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when excluding the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15148303  vehicle as the matrimonial property }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 when evidence had been lead during hearing on the cost of the vehicle and contribution made to the said property which prejudiced the appellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (03)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Th
e Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when not dealing with the application for transaction to defeat claim of which evidence had been lead during hearing regarding the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  vehicle as}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  matrimonial property   which prejudiced the appellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (04)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when not properly dealing with the household items and also the return of belongings application that was filed by the appellant and of which evidence was lead during the hearing which prejudice
d the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (04)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 The relevant orders made by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13328673 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 earned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13328673 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 agistrate may be stated as follows;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (01)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-390\li1099\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1099\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
The application for property distribution is granted.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1099\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1099\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \hich\af0\dbch\af31506\loch\f0 (02)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-390\li1099\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1099\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
The respondent gentleman is ordered to pay $26,753.00 to the applicant lady 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi341\li1099\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1099\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 being her 70% interest 
share in the property distribution.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (B)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
Consideration and the determination
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Ground 01
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when excluding the matrimonial property at Wailailai Ba from the pool of assets without considering Section 166 (2) 
of the Family Law Act and without fully considering Section 160 (1) (2) and Section 161 (1) of the Family Law Act which prejudiced the appellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid12060019 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (05)\tab It is not in dispute that the property comprised in Native Agreement for Lease  at \lquote 
, Ba, was part of the properties that was sought for by the appellant lady in her Form 9 filed on 20.05.2015.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (06)\tab 
On the hearing of the appeal, Counsel for the appellant in arguing ground (1) submitted that there were no specific orders sought for the purpose of alienating native land or any legal or equitable interest as per Section 166 (1) of the Family Law Act and
 as such it was open for the court to consider subsection (2) and consider her shares in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 property.  Counsel for the appellant further submitted that for the Learned Magistrate to completely exclude the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  Ba }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  property from the pool of assets and disallowing any claim by the appellant lady to it was an error made by the Learned Magistrate.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (07) \tab Counsel for the appellant relies substantially on the decision of Her Ladyship J. Wati in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid13112740 Rajeshri v Mahir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\b\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2438290 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2824236\charrsid2438290  H.C.Suva, Appeal No. 17/SUV/0017
\par    Judgment dated 31-07-2020
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid877112 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236 
\par 
\par }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  in support of her proposition.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (08)\tab 
In the aforementioned case, Her Ladyship J.Wati had dealt with a similar ground of appeal that was raised by the appellant wherein the Resident Magistrate had excluded certain properties claimed from the pool of assets.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (09)\tab In that case, Hon. J. Wati said at paragraph (14) of the Judgment;
\par \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi11\li1429\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1429\itap0\pararsid5778378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5778378\charrsid8222486 
The Court also did not make a finding on the value of the inalienable assets.  Although there are inalienable assets, the value of the same should be worked out because in making a final distribution, the Court
 must have regard to the same, and if proper, make orders affecting the other property to compensate a party who does not have the benefit of the inalienable property.  Even s.166(2), which is a provision on inalienable property, makes provision for how o
rders can be made affecting other property(s) to compensate a party.  It reads:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8222486 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5778378 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5778378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5778378 \'93
If a court is of the opinion that an interest in native land would have influenced or varied an order that the court would have made had it not been for subsection (1), the Co
urt may make such order affecting other property of the parties or either of them as will compensate a party for the effect of subsection (1)\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi11\li1429\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1429\itap0\pararsid5778378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5778378\charrsid5778378 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-3\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid5778378 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 The authority does stand for the proposition cited.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-706\li706\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin706\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (10)\tab 
I invited Counsel for the respondent to respond to the challenge mounted by Counsel for the appellant based on the terms of Section 166 (2) of the Family Law Act.  (Ms) Singh, who appeared on behalf of the respondent, frankly admitted that the Learned Mag
istrate has excluded the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  property from the pool of assets. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060019 However,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 Counsel argued that the failure of the Learned Magistrate to take into consideration Section 166 (2) of the Family Law Act has not prejudiced the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11344165\charrsid2824236 appellant because}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  His Worship ultimately apportioned total matrimonial property as to 70% to the appellant and 30% to the respondent. (Ms) Singh contends that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \'93If the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 house becomes part of pool of assets for distribution then the matter needs to go back to the Magistrate Court for rehearing on the adjustment\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 . Secondly, she contended that 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \'93the 70% shares then given to the appellant would not be just and equitable as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid13328673 th
ere was no adjustment for future needs made for the respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 This is a point which seems to have escaped the Magistrate and I think that there is no explanation for that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060019  at all.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-706\li706\ri26\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin26\lin706\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (11)\tab 
I cannot accept that it would be in any way proper to entertain the
 second submission of (Ms) Singh, which effectively sprung on the appellant and the court at the last minute regarding the alleged failure of the Learned Magistrate to make an adjustment for future needs of the respondent, in the absence of a cross-appeal
 filed by the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060019 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 challenging the percentage decided by the Learned Magistrate for the purpose of distribution of the Matrimonial properties under the Act. I get the distinct impression that (Ms) Singh\rquote s second argument was formulated and perhaps co
nceived as the appellant\rquote s appeal proceedings developed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-706\li706\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin706\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (12)\tab 
Counsel for the appellant properly drew the attention of the court to Section 166 of the Family Law Act.  It is, first, necessary to observe what the statute says.  Section 166 is in these terms.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi11\li1429\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1429\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 [FAM 166]\tab iTaukei land}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 166}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \tab (1)\tab Nothing in this Act allows a court to make an order alienating iTaukei land or any legal or equitable interest in it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li1440\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs18\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
[subs (1) am Decree 7 of 2011 s4, opn 1 Mar 2011]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 (2)\tab If a court is of the opinion that an 
interest in iTaukei land would have influenced or varied an order that the court would have made had it not been for subsection (1), the court may make such order affecting other property of the parties or either of them as will compensate a party for the
 effect of subsection (1).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri360\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs18\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 [subs (2) am Decree 7 of 2011 s 4, opn 1 Mar 2011]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \tab (3)\tab In this section \'93
iTaukei land\'94 has the meaning given to it by Section 2 of the iTaukei Lands Act 1905, and includes land administered or regulated under the Banaban Lands Act 1965 and the Rotuman Lands Act 1959.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri360\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs18\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8340651 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12060019 The context of the section and the purpose of the Act contain nothing to suggest that the words of the section bear other than their natural and ordinary meaning. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid12060019 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (13)\tab At paragraph (15) and (16), of the decision of the Learned Magistrate dated 24.10.2019, the Learned Magistrate stated;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri360\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin709\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 (15)\tab The applicant lady in her application laid claim to 70% shares to 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi11\li2149\ri360\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2149\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
matrimonial property which property she considered as follows:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li2520\ri360\sl256\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin360\lin2520\itap0\pararsid2824236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 Sugarcane farm .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Matrionial property at , Ba, consisting of 3 bedrooms.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab} vehicle.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Monies at respondent gentleman\rquote s bank accounts with Baroda, BSP and ANZ Bank.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Monies at FSC Welfare fund.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 \loch\af3\dbch\af31506\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Household items which includes sofa se
t, dining table with 6 chairs including 1 big brown rug, kitchen appliances and kitchen ware, beddings & furnitures, clothes and other items as mentioned in her form 9 application for return of belongings filed on 10/6/16.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri360\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2042358\charrsid12060019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 (16)\tab 
When considering the defin
ition of matrimonial property in the interpretation section of the FLA 2003, I opine that matrimonial property refers to that owned by either or both of the parties during marriage or prior to marriage.  In that regard and in light of the evidence and rel
evant material put before the Court and without contrary evidence, it appears that the above items mentioned by the applicant lady were acquired by the parties during their marriage.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 Thus, I would regard the said properties to be pool of assets with the inclusion of monies in the applicant lady\rquote s Westpac bank account and exclusion of the property at 
 Ba, as section 166(1) of the FLA, 2003 applies to the said property.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid12060019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li6480\ri0\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin6480\itap0\pararsid12060019 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12060019 [Emphasis added]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8340651 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (14)\tab 
It is, I think tolerably clear that the Resident 
Magistrate misunderstood the provisions of Section 166 of the Family Law Act. Not surprisingly, Section 166(2) was something which His Worship found difficulty in understanding. It is well possible that if His Worship had understood what the provisions of
 Section 166(2) saying, His Worship would have made an order affecting the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195  Residential}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  Land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13328673  at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195 , Ba(,containing 36.37 perches having single storey, partly concrete, timber and iron residential dwelling comprising three bedroom accommodation)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  to compensate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910 
the appellant. Had the Magistrate considered the provisions of section 166(2) the result might well have been different.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
I have come to the conclusion that it is open to the appell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12060019 ate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  court to interfere with His Worship\rquote s finding on this point. Of course, I do not deny for a moment that by virtue of Section 166(1) of the Family Law Act, His Worship is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8340651 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 ot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195  empowered to make any order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11344533  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195\charrsid2824236 affecting the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195  Residential}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195\charrsid2824236  Land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195  in , Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1065653 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195  (
,containing 36.37 perches having single storey, partly concrete, timber and iron residential dwelling comprising three bedroom accommodation)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8794962\charrsid13328673 
because it is an inalienable property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8340651 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1847195 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12680455 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12000461 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 (15)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 I stress the words \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid1847195 
Nothing in his Act allows a court to make an order alienating Native Lease or any legal or equitable interest in it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1065653 \'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1065653\charrsid2824236 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 Section 166(1).  The language of Section 166(1) appears to me to present no difficulties of construction.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 (16)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 The matrimonial property at , Ba,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8794962\charrsid8794962 which is an inalienable property,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 comprised of three bedroom house}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910  which had been the family home of the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13328673  for several years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910 The land was leased to the respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820  The respondent held the land under a registered lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  It is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820  now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  occupied by the respondent and his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910 de facto wife after appellant left the house on 25-01-2014 terminating the relationship with the respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820 The respondent and his de facto wife are continuing to live on the property which had been the family house of the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13328673  for several years. The whole interest of the matrimonial house sitting in the Na\'efve Land has gone to the respondent.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12000461 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16609508 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12000461 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 (17)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910 Turning to the evidence, the evidence was that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1079446 y paid $1500.00 for the acquisition of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6896544 the residential}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1079446 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910 and at  Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1079446 The
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13328673 appellants brother in New Zealand has facilitated the acquisition by contributing to the purchase price.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1079446  It was the evidence of the appellant that the respondent with the assistance of some neighbours erected the house and she helped them in carrying building materials and she cooked food
 and made juice for them. She has contributed her labour towards the construction of the house. [Page 503 of the copy record].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16197940 
 The erection of the house was commenced in 1994 and was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6830570 finally }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16197940 
concluded in 2002.She gave evidence that she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6830570 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16197940  as a working housew
ife (from 1998 to 2002) used her modest earnings towards the building of the house}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 
 and considerable improvements to the house without which the house would not have been built or improved.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16197940 [Page 504 of the copy record]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 .This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817 is sufficient}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514  for her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817 
 to found an interest in the house. She could not reasonably have been expected to embark on this conduct unless she was to have an interest in the house. The law does not recognise a concept of family }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6896544 property,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817  whereby people who live together in a settled relationship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817\charrsid14315514 ipso facto}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817 
 share the rights of ownership in the assets acquired and used for the purposes of their life together. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863 
Nor does the law acknowledge that by the mere fact of doing work on the asset of one party to the relationship the other party will acquire a beneficial interest in that asset. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4066820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16609508 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12000461 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 (18)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1856757 he appellant was able to show that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820  there was direct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863  (financial)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820  and indirect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863  (physical labour) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4066820 contribution by her towards the construction of the house}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514  and to the improvements of the house.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1856757  Furthermore, she has made a very substantial contribution to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12980817 
 general household expenses,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1856757 
 housekeeping and to the feeding and bringing up of the children and she has used her earning from cultivation and fishing in that way. [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1856757 ee, page 502 of the copy record]. I find that all this evidence is substantial enough to give the appellant a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1856757  interest in the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926  The appellant has acted to her detriment in reliance on the intention that she has a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926  interest in the house and accordingly she has established a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926  interest in the house.Thus,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863  appellant should have a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863  interest in the house at , Ba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14315514  by virtue of her direct and indirect contribution towards the construction and improvements of the house. The law should give the appellant a share in the property
 proportionate to her direct and indirect co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065 ntribution towards the construction of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1120475 {\*\bkmkstart _GoBack}{\*\bkmkend _GoBack}house and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065 
 improvements made to the house without which the house would not have been built or improved.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2308566  The Learned Magistrate should have viewed the provisions of secti
on 166 (2) against this factual background. It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4655863  would be inequitable for the respondent to claim sole }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065 interest in the property. The Learned Magistrate should have fixed a proportion born}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1120475 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065  by her direct and indirect contribution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6830570 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065  No such exercise is in evidence.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13649910\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12000461 (19)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926 The Learned Magistrate should have fixed }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926 quantum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926 the appellant\rquote 
s interest in the property by taking into her direct and indirect contribution towards the construction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5927065  and improvements doneto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926 the house. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 t was open to the Learned Magistrate to invoke the provision}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid8460926 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 of Section 166(2) to compensate the appellant through other matrimonial properties in the pool of assets as a consideration for the appellant\rquote s share in the property at , Ba.  No such course was exercised by the
 Learned Magistrate and this is detrimental to the interest of the appellant.
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid13112740 The first ground of appeal succeeds.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
I would propose to consider ground (2) and (3) together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid7891041 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2042358 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Ground 2
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7495823 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2042358\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7495823 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when excluding the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11344533  vehicle as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971  matrimonial property 
 when evidence had been lead during hearing on the cost of the vehicle and contribution made to the said property which prejudiced the appellant.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7495823 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13112740 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid730872 G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 round 3
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7495823 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2042358 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 
The Learned Magistrate erred in fact and in law when not dealing with the application for transaction to defeat claim of which evidence had been lead during hearing regarding the  vehicle  which prejudiced the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7495823 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid730872 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid730872 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid730872 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
Counsel for the appellant, in arguing ground (2) submitted that although there was no valuation of the vehicle, the court has to ensure that a clear finding of the value be made.  Counsel argued that the failure of the Learned Magistrate to place
 an estimate on the value of the vehicle in the absence of a valuation report, demonstrated an error of law affecting the proper exercise of the judicial discretion.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7495823 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7495823 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
Reliance was placed by Counsel for the appellant on the following High Court decisions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7495823 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2042358\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \loch\af10\dbch\af31506\hich\f10 \'76\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7495823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Rajshri v Mahir
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7495823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (2020) FJHCFD 26, Family case 0017
\par Suva of 2017.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \loch\af10\dbch\af31506\hich\f10 \'76\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7495823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 KN v MYH
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7495823\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
Fiji Family High Court Case No:- 08/Ba/0043
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7495823 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15289081 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab In arguing }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid6830570 ground (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  Counsel for the appellant submitted that;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7495823 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2042358\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \loch\af10\dbch\af31506\hich\f10 \'76\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The appellant had in her Form 12 and 23 filed on 2/10/2015 pleaded that the respondent had transferred the vehicle  after knowing that the appellant would institute property proceedings against him.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \loch\af10\dbch\af31506\hich\f10 \'76\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The respondent in his evidence confirmed the transfer of vehicle .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \loch\af10\dbch\af31506\hich\f10 \'76\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\qj \fi-360\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
The respondent also in cross-examination further confirmed transferring the vehicle during the property proceedings and after knowing that the vehicle  was part of the pool of assets that was being sought for in the Form 9 application filed by the ap
pellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
Counsel submitted that the Learned Magistrate made an error in exercising the discretion by failing to make a consequential order under section 169 (2) of the Family Law Act.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab On the other hand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6830570 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  Counsel for the respondent submitted that the vehicle 
 did not form as matrimonial property because it was transferred prior to the respondent having knowledge of Form 9 application. (Ms) Singh further submitted that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 
the claim for the vehicle  is not defeated as the respondent was not served with the Form 9 prior to the transfer.  He was not aware that there was a claim in court and hence Section 169 of the Family Law Act is not applicable\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab Turning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6830570  first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid6830570 ground of appeal No.2,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  it
 is true that the Learned Magistrate did not make a finding as to the current market value of vehicle .  The issue is whether His Worship was correct in making no finding as to the current market value of .  In my view, His Worship did not fell into}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6830570  an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  error by not doing so.  The parties did not present evidence on the current marke}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4917624 t value of the vehicle . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 The court cannot take judicial Notice of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6830570  resale}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  value of the vehicle .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5725152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 (25)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479 
I find great difficulty in understanding anything of benefit to the appellant in the two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5725152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479 decisions cited by Ms. Nasedra. [See paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2308566 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479  above.] What Her Ladyship Justice Wati said in the decision of Rajshri v Mahir (supra) was \'93 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5519479\charrsid5519479 If there was bill of sale on any vehicle, a clear finding had to be made\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5519479  .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794962 
The problem here in the case before me is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 that no documentary evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794962 
was put forward to enable the Magistrate to arrive at a finding as to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457  resale}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794962 
 value of the vehicle. Rajshri is on a different point. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6896544 t does not support Ms. Nasedra\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8794962  argument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Manoa Sefanaia & Anor v Vishnu Deo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs19\super\insrsid2824236 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2824236\charrsid6504374 Civil Appeal No. HBA 13 of 2015}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  the High Court dealt with factors considering judicial notice and stated at para 16;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2042358\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri630\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin630\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \'93Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Handyhard Marketing (Fiji) Ltd vs Chand [2015] FJCA 76; ABU71.2014 (28 May 2015)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
; set out the principle relating to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 judicial notice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
  The Court of appeal at para 71 citing Mullen\rquote s case states:
\par 
\par \'93[71] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Archbold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 in Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice, 2011.  (Sweet & Maxwell) cites with approval the principle relating to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 judicial notice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  as stated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Mullen v Hackney L.B.C. [1971] 1 WLR 1103}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 , CA (Civ. Div.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  thus:
\par 
\par \'93Courts may take }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 judicial notice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 of matters which are so notorious, or clearly established, or susceptible of demonstration by reference to a readily obtainable and authori
tative source that evidence of their existence in unnecessary; and local courts are not merely permitted to use their local knowledge, but are to be regarded as fulfilling a constitution function if they do so.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par [Archbold, at p.1365] (supra)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab In respect of vehicle 
, the parties did not produce a valuation report to the Magistrate Court to estab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4917624 lish the current }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 resale }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4917624 value. As a result, the appellant cannot now in the appeal attach to the Magistrate an obligation to fulfill the role of a counsel. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
Thus, there is no room for any complaint.  In automobile valuation, report by an expert valuer represents the correct resale value of a vehicle.  The court needs to focus on the real}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8999971  resale}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  value of the vehicle  to avoid loses to the parties.  A valuation report is paramount in such a scenario}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4917624 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2308566 The court cannot take judicial notice of resale value of vehicles.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par (2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 
Ground (2) has no merits and is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab Turning}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457  next}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid1577457 ground (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  the issue that remains to be determined in this appeal is an issue as to an allegation by the appellant lady that the respondent had transferred vehicle 
 to a third party to defeat her claim.  Counsel for the appellant urged in the forefront of her argument that the learned Magistrate failed to consider that the disposition made by the respondent fell within the ambit of a transaction to defeat the claim.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 (30)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab 
On the other hand, Counsel for the respondent unequivocally intimated absence of intention on the part of the respondent to defeat the appellants\rquote  entitlement to matrimonial property.  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 (31)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 In the current climate, it is desirable to set out Section 169 
(1), (2) and (3) of the Family Law Act which is in these terms;
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 [FAM 169]\tab Transactions to defeat claims
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12680455 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 169}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 (1)\tab 
In proceedings under this Act, the court may set aside or restrain the making of an instrument or disposition by or on behalf of, or by dire
ction of or in the interest of a party, that is made or proposed to be made to defeat an existing or anticipated order in those proceedings or if, irrespective of intention, it is likely to defeat any such order.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li1440\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 (2)\tab The court may order \endash 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2880\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 
\par (a)\tab that any 
money or real or personal property dealt with by any such instrument or disposition of the kind referred to in subsection (1) may be taken in execution or charged with the payment of such sums for costs or maintenance as the court directs; or
\par 
\par (b)\tab that the proceeds of a sale are to be paid into court to abide its order.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 (3)\tab 
The court must have regard to the interests of, and must make any order proper for the protection of, a bona fide purchaser or other person interested in an instrument or disposition of the kind referred to in subsection (1).
\par 
\par (4)\tab A party or a person acting in collusion with a party may be ordered to pay the costs of any other party or of a bona fide purchaser or other person interested in and incidental to any such instrument or disposi
tion and the setting aside or restraining of the instrument or disposition.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 (5)\tab In this section, \'93disposition\'94 includes a sale and a gift.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13112740 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 I stress the words \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid8999971 irrespective of intention\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  in Section 169 (1).  As I understand Section 169 (2), the court is
 empowered to make consequential orders to give effect to Section 169 (1).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
Turning to the evidence adduced before the Learned Magistrate, the appellant gave evidence in the lower court that the marriage was dissolved on 08.07.2015 and on the following day the respondent transferred vehicle  to his de facto wife \lquote \rquote .

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab The transcript of the appellant
\rquote s evidence in chief contains this; (Reference is made to page 508 of the copy record)
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Q:\tab Can you tell the court if the vehicle is still under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid658052  s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14494543 haruk}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  name?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 A:\tab 
No; because when I went to LTA to find it through court order so it was under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid658052  defacto wifes name}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 the vehicle had been transferred as soon as my divorce after my divorce, my divorce was on 08}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  July and 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  July he transferred the vehicle.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
And further down at page 509 of the transcript of evidence she says;
\par 
\par \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Q:\tab Can you tell the name of the person that is now registered to?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab A:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid658052  defacto wife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  is the owner of the vehicle now.
\par 
\par \tab \tab Q:\tab Are you aware who  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid658052  the defacto wife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 ?
\par 
\par \tab \tab A:\tab Yeah, I am aware, his de facto wife.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab I couple with that evidence, the evidence given by the respondent under cross-examination (Reference is made to page 583 of the copy record)

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 Q:\tab My question is }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1736526  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14494543 Mr Sharuk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1736526  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032  my client filed a property application in May of 2015 by then you had been coming to court you agree.  You were aware you agreed?
\par 
\par A:\tab Yes.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 Q:\tab By May that had started you got the divorce in July of 2015?
\par 
\par A:\tab Yes.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 Q:\tab So, when you transferred this vehicle you were aware that there was a property application pending in this court?
\par 
\par A:\tab Yes, I knew.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab [Emphasis added]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
The evidence of the respondent for the said transfer was to give assurance to the current partner for entering in a relationship with him.  In the course of the cross examination of the respondent by Counsel for the appellant, the f
ollowing exchange took place; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7633319 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7633319 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7633319 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 Q:\tab Now witness, I\rquote ll stop you there.  Applicant has stated just after the divorce was 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5725152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 granted your divorce was granted on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319  of July 2015 you had transferred this vehicle onto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1736526 your  defacto wife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319  \'85\'85what do you have to say about that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid7633319 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5725152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 
\par \tab A:\tab That vehicle when I got when I used to get married.  I can\rquote t do married the legal 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5725152 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 way so just after ..\'85
.. their parents said what will the guarantee you gonna get married you give my daughter then what\rquote s the guarantee.  Then I said I got only vehicle I can just give this vehicle as a guarantee because as now after the separation could be 150%70}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3693668\charrsid7633319 % 80}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 % but for that my marriage I just for assurance I just gave that van to }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1736526  my defacto wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid7633319 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5725152\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4685228 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6183548 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548\charrsid2824236 (Reference is made to page 560 of the copy record).}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8999971 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7633319 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 As I understand the above evidence, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8999971\charrsid1577457 here was an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1577457\charrsid1577457  unqualified}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8999971\charrsid1577457  admission by the respondent that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid1577457 he was aware of the appellant\rquote s application to court for property distribution at the time he was transferring the vehicle  to his current partner.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
The issue is this; Is this disposition made to defeat the appellant\rquote s entitlement to the matrimo
nial property?  The Learned Magistrate erred in law by failing to determine the issue by reference to Section 169 (1) of the Family Law Act.  The Learned Magistrate has failed to come to a find}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2308566 
ing by reference to Section 169}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2308566  .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 His Worship has not applied the test}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1577457 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  that is; \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid1577457 whether the disposition is made to defeat an existing or anticipated order in the proceedings, irrespective of intention of the respondent? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  The Learned Magistrate ignored to apply the provisions of Section 169 (1) and thereby committed an error of law which is detrimental to the appellant\rquote 
s entitlement to the matrimonial property.  There is a clear and fundamental error of law in the proceedings of the lower court by his Worship\rquote s failure to have regard to S
ection 169 (1).  There is not a word about Section 169 (1) in the decision of the Learned Magistrate.  Therefore, it seems to me that there is a very considerable force in ground-3. I should send the matter back to the Resident Magistrate to enable His Wo
rship to determine the issue and make orders in light of the test by having regard to Section 169 (1).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 Ground (3) succeeds.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13112740 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Ground (4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 39}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab 
In respect of the household items, the question is who bought them?  Who contributed towards the acquisition of the household items?
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab The Learned Magistrate in paragraph (20) and (21) of the judgment stated;
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid4197176 (20)\tab 
There were certain household items as highlighted at paragraph 17 above claimed by the lady including other household items mentioned in her form 9 application for return of belongings.  The sofa set according to the lady\rquote 
s AOEIC was obtained from courts and the total cost being $1,173,39. The Dining table with six chairs and one big brown rug cost $481.74 (statement of account\rquote s for the two items were enclosed in AOEIC).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid4197176 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid4197176 (21)\tab The lady also claimed other household}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6896544  items}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid4197176 
 as listed in her application.  However, no value has been put on the said items and no receipts were tendered by any of the parties.  She had also lodged a report to police that the respondent\rquote 
s current partner had been removing the said household items. I accept her evidence that when she left the matrimonial home she didn\rquote t take any of the said items accept a few clothes, some jewelry and probably her footwear.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16609508\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16609508 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 )\tab Except t
he sofa set, dining table with six chairs and big brown rug, there is no scintilla of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1924017 documentary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
evidence as to who bought the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1924017  rest of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
 household items, who contributed towards the acquisition of the household items.  There is no scintilla of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1924017  documentary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  evidence in terms of specifies.  Therefore, as regards the appellant\rquote s case for household items, there is this absolute dilemma.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 (4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6183548 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455 )\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 However, it was open to the Learned Magistrate to make a finding towards the sofa set, dining table with six chairs and big brown rug.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1924017 
 No such exercise is in evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid13198032 Subject to that, ground (4) has no merits and is dismissed.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12285386 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 ORDERS:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12680455\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (1)\tab The appeal is allowed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4197176 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
n ground (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4197176  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  (3).
\par 
\par (2)\tab The decision of the Learned Magistrate dated 24-10-2019 is set aside.
\par 
\par (3)\tab The case record is remitted back }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15404196\charrsid2824236 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15404196  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  Magistrate\rquote s Court at Ba for a re-hearing on the appellant\rquote s application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1321299 
 for altering interests of parties in the property- property distribution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 (4)\tab There will be no order as to costs.
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12285386\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 ..\'85\'85\'85\'85..\'85\'85\'85..
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Jude Nanayakkara}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid1583924 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par [Judge]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2824236 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12285386 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12285386\charrsid2824236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13112740 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 High Court \endash  Lautoka
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2824236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 Friday, 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2824236\charrsid2824236  December, 2020
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa160\sl256\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid736523 
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