{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg0\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch31506\stshfhich31506\stshfbi31506\deflang8192\deflangfe8192\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f4\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Helvetica;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f41\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial Unicode MS;}{\f43\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Segoe UI;}
{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Baskerville Old Face;}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0302020204030204}Calibri Light;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f66\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f67\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f69\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f70\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f71\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\f72\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f73\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f74\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f106\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Helvetica CE;}
{\f107\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Helvetica Cyr;}{\f109\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Helvetica Greek;}{\f110\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Helvetica Tur;}{\f111\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Helvetica (Hebrew);}
{\f112\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Helvetica (Arabic);}{\f113\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Helvetica Baltic;}{\f114\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Helvetica (Vietnamese);}{\f406\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f407\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f409\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f410\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f413\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f414\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f496\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Segoe UI CE;}{\f497\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Segoe UI Cyr;}{\f499\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Segoe UI Greek;}
{\f500\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Segoe UI Tur;}{\f501\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Segoe UI (Hebrew);}{\f502\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Segoe UI (Arabic);}{\f503\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Segoe UI Baltic;}
{\f504\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Segoe UI (Vietnamese);}{\f526\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times CE;}{\f527\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times Cyr;}{\f529\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times Greek;}
{\f530\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times Tur;}{\f531\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times (Hebrew);}{\f532\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times (Arabic);}{\f533\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times Baltic;}
{\f534\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri Light CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Light Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Light Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Light Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31533\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri Light (Hebrew);}{\fhimajor\f31534\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri Light (Arabic);}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Light Baltic;}
{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri Light (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}
{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}
{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;
\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;
\red192\green192\blue192;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue0;\red30\green30\blue30;\red51\green51\blue51;}{\*\defchp \f31506\fs24\kerning2 }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }
\noqfpromote {\upr{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 Normal;}{\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs36\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext2 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid13961358 heading 2;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs24\lang8192\langfe8192\kerning2\cgrid\langnp8192\langfenp8192 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused 
Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs36\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid13961358 Heading 2 Char;}{
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext16 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 has-normal-font-size;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid13961358 Strong;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 apple-converted-space;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid13961358 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs20 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i 
\sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid13961358 Emphasis;}{\s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext21 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid13961358 List Paragraph;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid13961358 Normal (Web);}{\s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrt
\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrl\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrb\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrr\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 
\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f4\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \snext23 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 Default;}{
\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 header;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \styrsid7033955 Header Char;}{\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext26 \slink27 \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 footer;}
{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink26 \slocked \styrsid7033955 Footer Char;}{\s28\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af43\afs18\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs18\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext28 \slink29 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs29 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af43\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs18\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink28 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid7033955 Balloon Text Char;}{\s30\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \snext30 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid1704336 No Spacing;}}{\*\ud\uc0{\stylesheet{
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 Normal;}{
\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs36\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext2 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid13961358 heading 2;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs24\lang8192\langfe8192\kerning2\cgrid\langnp8192\langfenp8192 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused 
Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs36\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid13961358 Heading 2 Char;}{
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext16 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 has-normal-font-size;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid13961358 Strong;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 apple-converted-space;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \sunhideused \styrsid13961358 Hyperlink;}{\*\cs20 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i 
\sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid13961358 Emphasis;}{\s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext21 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid13961358 List Paragraph;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid13961358 Normal (Web);}{\s23\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrt
\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrl\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrb\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 \brdrr\brdrsh\brdrnone\brdrw240\brsp620\brdrcf8\brdrframe1 
\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\rtlgutter\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f4\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \snext23 \spriority0 \styrsid13961358 Default;}{
\s24\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 
\sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 header;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \styrsid7033955 Header Char;}{\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext26 \slink27 \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 footer;}
{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink26 \slocked \styrsid7033955 Footer Char;}{\s28\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af43\afs18\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs18\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \sbasedon0 \snext28 \slink29 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid7033955 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs29 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af43\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs18\lang0\langfe2057\kerning0\langnp0\langfenp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink28 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid7033955 Balloon Text Char;}{\s30\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 \snext30 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid1704336 No Spacing;}}}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-1\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1268744744\'03({\uc1\u0 \'b4)};}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f45\cf19\fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid73746711}{\list\listtemplateid-1
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid273639101}{\list\listtemplateid-1\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat4\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid396902006}{\list\listtemplateid-1{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid623082105}{\list\listtemplateid-1\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-984611644\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-720\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid780105863}{\list\listtemplateid-1{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid931822217}{\list\listtemplateid-1{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1036547422}{\list\listtemplateid-1\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u0 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u1 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u2 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u3 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u4 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u5 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807567\'02{\uc1\u6 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807577\'02{\uc1\u7 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid134807579\'02{\uc1\u8 \'b4.};}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1632174573}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1632174573
\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid623082105\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat7}\ls2}{\listoverride\listid1036547422\listoverridecount0\ls3}{\listoverride\listid73746711\listoverridecount0\ls4}
{\listoverride\listid396902006\listoverridecount0\ls5}{\listoverride\listid273639101\listoverridecount1{\lfolevel\listoverridestartat\levelstartat13}\ls6}{\listoverride\listid931822217\listoverridecount0\ls7}{\listoverride\listid780105863
\listoverridecount0\ls8}}{\*\pgptbl {\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp47\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp51\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp10\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp61\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp105\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp128\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp79\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp57\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp50\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0
\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp2\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp35\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp101\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp9\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0
}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp3\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp103\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp61\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp28\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp42\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp80\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp112\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp62\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp85\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp114\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp38\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp56\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0
\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp7\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp31\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp19\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0
}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp25\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp15\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp67\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp92\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp35\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp118\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp108\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp76\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp61\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp78\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp63\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp103\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0
\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp49\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp113\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp6\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp111\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp94\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0
\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp16\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp119\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp61\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp125\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}
{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp103\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp95\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp10\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp103\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp71\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp48\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp69
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp61\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp35\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp101\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0
\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp60\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0\brdrt\brdrnone\brdrcf1 \brdrl\brdrnone\brdrcf1 \brdrb\brdrnone\brdrcf1 \brdrr\brdrnone\brdrcf1 }{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp
\ipgp77\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp123\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp99\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp0
\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}{\pgp\ipgp97\itap0\li0\ri0\sb0\sa0}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid9093\rsid133287\rsid223447\rsid283743\rsid1670070\rsid1704336\rsid1773015\rsid1971109\rsid2237408\rsid2446118\rsid2772828\rsid2909642\rsid2960798\rsid3361485\rsid3823113
\rsid4087525\rsid4150339\rsid4417482\rsid4466998\rsid4487522\rsid5321559\rsid5334200\rsid5452296\rsid5995613\rsid6045487\rsid6956870\rsid7033955\rsid7089047\rsid7437965\rsid7814731\rsid8087574\rsid8147717\rsid8269667\rsid8339923\rsid8591637\rsid8658183
\rsid8987568\rsid9309376\rsid9329262\rsid10037324\rsid10096461\rsid10109016\rsid10374184\rsid10423505\rsid10423853\rsid10442045\rsid10511488\rsid10829330\rsid10842050\rsid10961061\rsid11037515\rsid11483911\rsid11555778\rsid11756202\rsid11887088
\rsid12200391\rsid12454360\rsid12933382\rsid13048568\rsid13123969\rsid13137420\rsid13183720\rsid13201726\rsid13372596\rsid13657921\rsid13961358\rsid14491437\rsid14712172\rsid15209460\rsid15220076\rsid15613763\rsid15620797\rsid15627984\rsid15692845
\rsid15739197\rsid15799857\rsid16397926\rsid16414477\rsid16463098\rsid16523443\rsid16673280}{\mmathPr\mmathFont34\mbrkBin0\mbrkBinSub0\msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info
{\upr{\author Arindie ALUTHGE}{\*\ud\uc0{\author Arindie ALUTHGE}}}{\upr{\operator Liliviwa Baleimatuku}{\*\ud\uc0{\operator Liliviwa Baleimatuku}}}{\creatim\yr2023\mo9\dy12\hr14\min44}{\revtim\yr2023\mo9\dy14\hr16\min31}
{\printim\yr2023\mo9\dy12\hr14\min29}{\version3}{\edmins0}{\nofpages19}{\nofwords6224}{\nofchars35480}{\upr{\*\company ITC Services}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\company ITC Services}}}{\upr{\nofcharsws41621}{\*\ud\uc0{\nofcharsws41621}}}{\vern79}}{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 h
ttp://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}}\paperw11906\paperh16838\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0\ltrsect\rtlgutter 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves0\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont1\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata0\grfdocevents0\validatexml1\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors1\noxlattoyen
\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot13961358\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\usenormstyforlist\noindnmbrts\felnbrelev\nocxsptable\indrlsweleven\noafcnsttbl\afelev\utinl\hwelev\spltpgpar\notcvasp\notbrkcnstfrctbl\notvatxbx\krnprsnet\cachedcolbal \nouicompat \fet0
{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\nofeaturethrottle1\ilfomacatclnup0{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15692845 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15692845 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15692845 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15692845 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823113 
 PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid16673280 2}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823113 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3823113 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7814731 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid7814731 IN THE ANTI-CORRUPTION DVISION OF THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid12200391\charrsid7814731 CRIMINAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid7814731  JURISDICTION
\par 
\par C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid10109016\charrsid7814731 RIMINAL MISCELLANEOUS CASE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid7814731  No: HAM 93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid6045487\charrsid7814731  OF 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid7814731 23
\par [Anti-Corruption Division }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid10109016\charrsid7814731 Magistrates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid7814731 Court Criminal Case No MACD 04/21]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid7814731 BETWEEN
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 RONALD RITESH NARAYAN
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid7814731 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Applicant
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid7814731 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 SAT NARAYAN
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7814731 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Applicant
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7814731 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid7814731 AND
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 FIJI INDEPENDENT COMMISSION AGAINST CORRUPTION ("FICAC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 )
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7814731 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid7814731 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15620797\charrsid1971109 espondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\ql \fi360\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f4\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1971109\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Counsel: \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Mr }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid1971109\charrsid1971109 R. Singh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  for App}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid1971109\charrsid1971109 licant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid133287 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Ms }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid1971109\charrsid1971109 A. Vaganalau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid1971109\charrsid1971109 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par \tab Dates of Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 /}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid133287 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 ubmissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 : \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 18 July 2023 and 23 August }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 2023
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Date of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 :  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \tab \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11037515 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 12 September 2023
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi567\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par Introduction
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\langfenp2057\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 In the substantive matte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 r (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Anti-Corruption Division case MACD 04/2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Applicant is charged in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Lautoka }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
s Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 with four counts of Abuse of Office for Gain contrary to section 139 of the Crimes Act of 2009 and is jointly charged with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Applicant}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  with one count of Obtaining a Financial Advantage contrary to Section 326(1) of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\langfenp2057\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The matter proceeded to trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 upon the close of the Prosecution case, the Applicant's counsel made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 application of No Case to Answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 oth parties were given }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  opportunity to file written submissions. Thereafter, the Learned Magistrate delivered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 his R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 uling wherein }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  found that there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  a case to answer and put the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Applicants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  to their defence. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 3.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 It is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 said R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 uling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 on }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 No Case to Answer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 application that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  the Applicants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 now }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 challenging}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 under S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 246(7) of the Criminal Procedure Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (CPA) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 S}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 100}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
of the Constitution. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 4.\tab 
Although the Applicants, in their petition, based their application on the said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 provisions, the Counsel for Applicants at the arguments stage substantially relied on Section 100(6) of the Constitution. 
\par 
\par 5.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The Respondent objects to the application on the basis that the Applicants do not have a right to appeal interlocutory order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287  as}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  no case to answer ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 to the High Court under Section 246(7) of the CPA. The Respondent also argues that Section 100(6) of the Constitution should be read together with Section 262(1) of the CPA which deals with the revisionary power of the High C
ourt and since the Applicants have not fulfilled the requirements under Section 262(5) of the CPA, there is no legal basis for this application. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par 6.\tab In view of those arguments, I would first deal with the law on appeals and revisions under the CPA and the supervisory jurisdiction under Section 100(6) of the Constitution. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid1971109\charrsid10829330 aw on Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid10829330 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid1971109\charrsid10829330  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 7.\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The relevant law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 deals with appeals from the Magistrates court to the High Court is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 246 of the }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 246}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (1) of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  states that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 :
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Subject to any provision of this Part to the contrary, any person who is dissatisfied with any judgment, sentence or order of a Magistrates Court in any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 criminal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
cause or trial to which he or she is a party may appeal to the High Court against the judgment, sentence or order of the Magistrates Court, or both a judgment and sentence\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 8.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 246(7) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 specifically deals with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 the appeals against }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 orders of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Magistrates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Court which ought to be read subject to Section 246(1) of the CPA. Section 246(7) provides as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
An order by a court in a case may be the subject of an appeal to the High Court, whether or not the court has proceeded to a conviction in the case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
but no right of appeal shall lie until the Magistrates Court has finally determined the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 uilt of the accused person, unless a right to appeal against any order made prior to such a finding is provided for by any law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs36\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\fs24\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\fs24\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 Prakash v Fiji Independent Commission }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid16523443\charrsid16523443 against}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443  Corruption (FICAC)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\fs24\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 [2022] FJHC 33; HACDA010.2021S (4 February 2022)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\fs24\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b0\fs24\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11756202 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\fs24\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 jasinghe J in interpreting the said section observed as follows:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 246(7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 )}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Criminal Procedure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Act consists of two main components. The first component has defined the scope }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 right of appeal to the High Court against the orders of the Magistrate\rquote s Court. Accordingly, any order of the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court can be appealed to the High Court, notwithstanding the Magistrate's Court has proceeded to a conviction in that matter or not. Hence, the right of appeal against the orders of the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court is not limited to any specific or certain orders. The second component states when the right of appeal to the High Court could be exercised. Accordingly, the right of appeal to the High Court can be exercised after the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court has finally determined the accused's guilt. Consequently, the existence of the final determination of the guilt of the accused in the Magistrate\rquote s Court is the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 sine qua non}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12454360  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 to invoke the Appe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 jurisdicisdiction of the High Court against the judgments, sentences or orders of the Magistrate\rquote s Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 10.\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 State v Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  [2015] FJCA 64; AAU085 2012 (28 May 2015)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 observed as follows: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  would answer the question whether the limitation contained in section 246(7) applies to an order of discharge under section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 169(2)(b)(i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
) in negative. In my judgment, the limitation placed by section 246(7) applies to those orders incidental to a trial where the Magistrates' Court is determining the guilt of the accused. If an accused elects to contest the charge by not pleading guilty, h
e has no right of appeal against interlocutory orders made by the Magistrates' Court (unless expressly provided by statute) until the Magistrates' Court has finally determined the guilt. Examples of such interlocutory orders would include voir dire ruling
s 
on admissibility of evidence, joinder of counts or accused persons, no case to answer rulings or any other orders of similar nature. The mischief that the limitation is trying to address is appeals that fragment trials or cause delays in disposal of crimi
nal cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 11.\tab 
According to this Judgment, since interlocutory orders such as no case to answer rulings generally do not finally determine the guilt of the accused and the right of appeal is not expressly provided by statute, the Applicants have no right 
of appeal. That does not however mean that interlocutory orders cannot be appealed. No doubt, such orders can be appealed, but only when the time is ripe. As Rajasinghe J correctly pointed out in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 Prakash}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 the party aggrieved by an interlocutory order could vindicate his/her right of appeal in the High Court only when his/her guilt has finally been determined by the Magistrates Court. This formulation will sit well with the purposive approach the Court of 
Appeal has taken in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid283743 Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid283743  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 when it said of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 mischief that the limitation is trying to address}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , namely, to discourage the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  appeals that fragment trials or cause delays in disposal of criminal cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 12.\tab In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid283743 Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid283743 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  the Court of Appeal held that an order of discharge (without acquittal being recorded) could be appealed to the High Court as the discharge order brought the proceedings at the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16523443\charrsid1971109 Magistrates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 Court to an end. In other words, a discharge order made under Section 169(2) of the CPC is not an interlocutory order covered under Section 246(7)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743  as it brought 
the proceeding to an end}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 13.\tab The Court of Appeal in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 Sowane v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 [2020] FJCA 181; AAU131 2019 (28 September 2020), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 having dealt with an appeal from the Magistrates Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 vested with extended jurisdiction of the High Court, named the conditions precedent to invoke the appellate jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal under S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 21(1) read with }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 22 of the Court of Appeal Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 on the assumption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 extended jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the Magistrates Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 is deemed to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 original jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the High Court. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16523443\charrsid1971109 Court stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  at [18]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
What the appellant is appealing against in this appeal is an interlocutory or interim order by the learned Magistrate in a pending case. The Magistrate has not in any way finally determined the guilt of the appellant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The existence of a conviction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
, sentence, acquittal and an order granting or refusing bail pending trial of the Magistrates court is a condition precedent or a sine qua non to invoke and cloth the Court of Appeal with appellate jurisdiction under section 21(1) read with section 22 of 
the Court of Appeal Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-709\li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 14.\tab 
It is clear, the bail rulings, though such rulings are considered interlocutory orders and do not finally determine th
e guilt of the accused persons, are obviously appealable under Section 246(7) of the CPC because the right of appeal is expressly provided by statute, namely the Bail Act 2002. 
\par 
\par 15.\tab However, whether mere existence of a conviction without a resultant sentence gives rise to an appealable right has been the subject of controversy in this jurisdiction. 
\par 
\par 16.\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid16523443 Ismail v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  (2018) FJHC 794; HAA 01 2018 (22 August 2018), the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 High C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ourt addressed an appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 against a conviction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 recorded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 in the Magistrates Court whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 n s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 entence was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
still }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 pending. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Sharma J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  stated at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ]
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
In my view, section 246(7) literally means an accused person's }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
uilt is not finally determined until the accused is sentenced. The entering of a conviction is a step towards finality of guilt but not the final determination of guilt. It is only when an accused is sentenced that his or her guilt is finalized, not befor
e that.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
This provision should be given a wide interpretation to achieve its purpose which is to consider appeals from the final determination of a matter in the Magistrates court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 17.\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Justice Sharma further went on to state at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ] and observed:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I leave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
it is important to mention that the legislative drafters would have never contemplated "piece meal" appeals from the Magistrates Court to the High Court. If the legislation had allowed a right of appeal after an accused was convicted and before Sentence w
as pronounced, a chaotic situation would have arisen.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 18.\tab 
The contention of the Applicants is that the Learned Magistrate in his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 o }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 nswer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 uling found the Applicants guilty of the charge / charges. In view of the said contention, which I shall d
eal with in the following paragraphs, I do not believe that this Court should delve any further into the issue of whether it is the conviction or the sentence that finally determines the guilt of an accused person. 
\par 
\par 19.\tab Even if I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743 were to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 accept the contention of the Applicants}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid283743  that the Learned Magistrate found them guilty in the No Case to Answer Ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , they, in view of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 Ismail }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 judgment, could not invoke the appellate jurisdiction of the High Court as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382\charrsid1971109 
Magistrates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Court has not yet passed the sentence and therefore not finally determined the guilt of the Applicants. On the other hand, if }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 I were to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 accept that even a conviction (before sentence) c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 ould be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  appealed, as the Court of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Sowane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1670070 observed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
, I shall still hold that the Applicants do not have the right of appeal as the Learned Magistrate has not yet recorded a conviction. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 According to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763 the options available under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 ction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763 15 of the Sentencing and Penalties Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1670070 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16523443 court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1670070  has discretion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763 
not to record a conviction even where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16523443 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763  has found the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16523443 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15613763  guilty] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Therefore, I find that the Applicant\rquote s have no right of Appeal under Section 246(7) of the CPA.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid13123969 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 Revisionary Jurisdiction of the High Court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1670070 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13123969 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969 20.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921 Although the Applicants have not invoked the revisionary jurisdiction of this Court, in view of Respondents\rquote 
 argument that the Section 100(6) of the Constitution should be read with Section 262(1) of the CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8087574 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921  I should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8087574 explore the possibility }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 
of whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8087574  revisionary jurisdiction was available to the Applicants. 
\par 
\par 21.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 Section 262(1) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8658183 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969  stipulates the procedure for the revisionary power of the High Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 
The question is whether the High Court in the present case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 
 invoke this jurisdiction.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 
\par 
\par  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 .
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid2960798 Nadan v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid2960798  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 
[2019] FJSC 29; 07.2019 (31 October 2019), Keith JA discussed the manner of invoking the revisionary power of the High Court under Section 262(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 CPA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 and observed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477  as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16414477 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1109\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1109\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16414477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid16414477 
The record in the magistrates' court had not been "called for. It could only have been called }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15627984 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid16414477 if the Chief Justice had requested it, and he had not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15627984 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid16414477 
 see section 260(2) of the CPA. Nor had the record "been reported for orders". That only applies when a magistrate wishes to report something to the High Court under section 26
1(2) of the CPA. So the only route by which the High Court's powers under section 262(1) of the CPA could have been invoked in this case was if the record of the proceedings in the magistrates' court had come to the knowledge of the high Court in some oth
er way. In this case, it had come to the knowledge of the high Court by the transfer of Nadan's case under section 190(3) of the CPA CPA to the High Court for sentencing. So was the High Court's revisionary power under on 262(1) of the CPA intended to cov
er cases which had come to the knowledge of the High Court by that route? I do not think so. (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923\charrsid16414477 Emphasis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923  mine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid16414477 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637\charrsid16414477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13123969 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13123969\charrsid13123969  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460 .\tab 
In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460\charrsid2960798 State v Tabusoi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460\charrsid15209460 
 [2016] FJHC 1003; HAC168.2016 & HAC180.2016 (3 November 2016)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460  the High Court exercised its revisionary powers to set aside a ruling of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16463098 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15209460 agistrates Court pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16463098 
Section 262(1)(b) of the CPA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923 In that case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16463098 Rajasinghe J thought it fit to exercise }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923 revisionary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid16463098 power }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8269667 when the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16463098\charrsid8269667 Magistrate transferred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8269667 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16463098\charrsid8269667 case to the High Court under Section 194 (c) of the Criminal Procedure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16463098\charrsid8269667  stating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16463098\charrsid8269667 the Magistrates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16463098\charrsid8269667 ourt had no jurisdiction to hear that case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 
\par 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12200391 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923\charrsid8339923 It does not appear under what limb of Section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923 261}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9329262 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923  of the CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9329262 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923\charrsid8339923 His Lordship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9329262 ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9329262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923\charrsid8339923 exer}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923 cis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9329262 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2960798 the revisionary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8339923 power. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923\charrsid9329262 It could only have been invoked in that case if the record of the proceedings in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262\charrsid9329262 agistrates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923\charrsid9329262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923\charrsid9329262 ourt had come to the knowledge of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8339923\charrsid9329262 igh Court in some other way. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798 In any event, the error was manifest on the face of the record when the Learned Magistrate transferred the case to the High Court when it in fact had jurisdiction to try the matter.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1670070 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778\charrsid10442045 Nair v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778\charrsid11555778  [2023] FJHC 7; HAM201.2022 (20 January 2023)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778  Sharma J refused to exercise revisionary powers }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 (or inherent powers) of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778  the High Court to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 nullify}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11555778  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 a no case to answer Ruling }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 
Magistrates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061  Court on the basis that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061  had not received a report under the hand of the Chief Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 in terms of Section 260 (2) of the CPA }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 requesting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 
to exercise revisionary powers to take action. However, His Lordship thought it fit to exercise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 upervisory }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 
urisdiction under Section 100(6) of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid223447  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 proceeded to annul}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid223447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 the impugned r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid223447 uling}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10961061 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 
\par 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798  view of the observations made by the Supreme Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798\charrsid2960798 Nadan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798\charrsid2960798 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 
I agree with the Respondent that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5334200 a situation has not arisen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921  in this application}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5334200  to exercise revisionary jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045  to set aside the impugned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8591637 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045 nswer Ruling }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2960798 under Section 262 (1) of the CPA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921 
\par 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13657921 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5334200 Furthermore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5334200\charrsid1971109 , Section 262(5) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5334200\charrsid1971109 
 states:- "Where an appeal lies from any finding, sentence or order, and no appeal is brought, no proceeding by way of revision shall be entertained at the instance of the party who could have appealed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921 
. Although the right of appeal is not available to the Applicants at this stage to challenge }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8591637 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8591637 N}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8591637 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8591637 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13657921 nswer Ruling, that right will definitely be available at the end of the trial. Therefore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4466998  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13657921  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid8591637 revisionary powers should not be exercised as the Applicants do have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5334200\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8591637 the right of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid5334200\charrsid1971109  appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5334200 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10442045   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9329262\charrsid9329262 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid1670070 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Supervisory Jurisdiction of the High Court
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109    
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab Section 106 (6) of the Constitution provides for the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 upervisory }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
urisdiction of the High Court. The Respondent argues that this section must be read together with Section 262(1) of the CPA which provides for revisionary jurisdiction of the High Court and since the Applicants have not fulfilled the requirements for a re
vision, this Court has no power to entertain this application. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Section 100(6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the Constitution provides as follows: 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The High Court has jurisd
iction to supervise any civil or criminal proceedings before a Magistrates Court or other subordinate courts and may, on an application duly made to it, make such orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it considers appropriate to ensure that
 justice is duly administered by the Magistrates Court and other subordinate courts" 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 According to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section, the supervisory jurisdiction of the High Court could be invoked only on an application duly made to it. }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Other than that, the supervisory jurisdiction is not contingent upon any qualification as far as this power is exercised \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 to ensure that justice is duly administered by the Magistrates Court and other subordinate courts"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab There is no indication that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 100 (6) of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  should be read together with Section 262(1) of the CPC and, no authority is cited by the Counsel for Respondent to substantiate her claim. The case law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998 of course }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 suggests otherwise. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid4466998 
Nitin Nitesh Nair v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Lautoka High Court Criminal Misc. Number HAM 201 of 2022 the High Court dealt with an application under its revisionary power under Section 260 of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CPA. In providing relief under}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 supervisory }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 power of the High Court under Section 100 (6) of the Constitution the Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 at [25] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Although the applicant's counsel has filed an application for review or revision, the proper application in my view should have been to seek directions under the supervisory jurisdiction of the High Court. However, after considering the urgen
cy of the matter this court can exercise its supervisory jurisdiction (as opposed to inherent jurisdiction) by issuing directions with the view to correct an inadvertent oversight in paragraphs 10, 11 and 12 of the ruling delivered by the Magistrates Cour
t on 11th November, 2022. Section 100 (6) of the Constitution of Fi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  gives this court the power to intervene under its supervisory jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab Unlike the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid4466998 Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid4466998  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
case, in the present case, there is an application duly made under Section 106(6) of the Constitution and therefore this Court is in a better position to deal with this application under the Constitution.   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he Constitution of Fiji is the Supreme Law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the land [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 2 (1) and (2) of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ] The Courts are supposed to uphold the Constitution and guard the rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights Chapter. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
The Constitution shall be enforced through the courts to ensure that laws and conduct are consistent with the Constitution [s 2(4)(a)]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . Therefore, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Section 100 (6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the Constitution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 be given precedence over other statute}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
s and the courts must intervene if it appears that the rights guaranteed under the Constitution have been violated or about to be violated. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab The application of the Applicants concerns }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998 two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 rights guaranteed under the Bill of Rights Chapter of the Constitution, namely, the right to be presumed innocent guaranteed under Section 14(2)(a) of the Constitution, right to a fair trial guaranteed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 under Article }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 15 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 and the common law right to be heard that originates from the fundamental rule of natural justice, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 audi alteram partem.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
In view of s 7(1)(b) of the Constitution, an interpretation of Bill of Rights would involve international law. That provision warrants the courts, if relevant, to consider international law applicable to the protection of the rights and freedoms in the Bi
ll of Rights Chapter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 must apply and, where necessary, develop common law in a manner that respects the rights and freedoms recognised in t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4466998 he Bill of Rights}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Chapter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  [Section 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ].}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 37}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 Section 14 (2)(a) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 of the Constitution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 
provides that every person charged with an offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 
 This presumption is a legal one as opposed to a factual presumption and shall remain intact until the guilt is proven beyond reasonable doubt. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs27\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 
The presumption of innocence is a long-standing tenet of the common law criminal jurisprudence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 
 and under the international human rights law developed after the advent of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)[ see: A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 rticle 11(1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 of the UDHR, Article }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 14.2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613  to which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Fiji is a party}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 rt
icle 6.2 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs27 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs27\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
The approach of the common law to the presumption of innocence was memorably stated by Viscount Sankey LC in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid15620797 Woolmington v D.P.P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420  HYPERLINK "file:////cgi-bin/LawCite%3fcit=%5b1935%5d%20AC%20462" \\
o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000030100002a0000005c005c006300670069002d00620069006e005c004c006100770043006900740065002500330066006300690074003d00250035006200310039003300350025003500640020004100430020003400360032000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\ul\cf2\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [1935] AC 462}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 at p 481 to be that "Throughout the web of the English criminal law one golden thread is always to be seen, that it is the duty of the prosecution to prove the prisoner's guilt. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 State v Abourizk [2023] FJHC 402; HAC126.2015 (16 June 2023)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ]. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab If }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 court finds an accused guilty of a criminal offence when there exists a reasonable doubt, it offends the right of an accused to be presumed innocent guaranteed under Section 14(2)(a) of the Constitution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4466998  The guilt can only be determined at the end of the trial not half way through the trial.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13201726 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab The golden thread that runs through the criminal procedure is that the accused must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 given an opportunity of being heard, a basic rule of natural justice originates from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
audi alteram partem.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382  This rule signifies a fundamental feature of the right to a fair trial guaranteed in Section 15(1) of the Constitution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 n Biblical literature,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 ven the God is stated to have given an opportunity of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
being heard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 to Adam and Eve before punishing them for eating the forbidden fruit in the Eden Garden}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726 see: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726 Hruday P.B. vs The Vice Chancellor, The National Law School University of India and another}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726 Writ Petition 9395/202018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726 November2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 )Per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088\charrsid13201726 DixitJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726 JudgmentLink:}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420 
 HYPERLINK "http://judgmenthck.kar.nic.in/judgmentsdsp/bitstream/123456789/348727/1/WP9395-20-18-11-2020.pdf" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90bda00000068007400740070003a002f002f006a007500640067006d0065006e007400680063006b002e006b00610072002e006e00690063002e0069006e002f006a007500640067006d0065006e007400730064007300
70002f00620069007400730074007200650061006d002f003100320033003400350036003700380039002f003300340038003700320037002f0031002f005700500039003300390035002d00320030002d00310038002d00310031002d0032003000320030002e007000640066000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc48527
6300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\ul\cf2\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088\charrsid5321559 
http://judgmenthck.kar.nic.in/judgmentsdsp/bitstream/123456789/348727/1/WP9395-20-18-11-2020.pdf}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 42}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 fter all, procedural fairness }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 or due process }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 is a constitutional mandate under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 Section 15 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382  of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13201726\charrsid13201726  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 43}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
ight to be heard before a decision is made by the Magistrates Court is recognised in Section 183 of the CPC in following terms: 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 The court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 having heard both the prosecutor and the accused person and their witnesses and evidence,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330  shall either \emdash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2160\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 find the accused guilty and pass sentence or make an order according to law; or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi720\li1440\ri1088\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 \cbpat8 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 acquit the accused; or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li2160\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 make an order under the provisions of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/soga128/index.html" \\l "p9" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b020000000b000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b9200000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f006c0065006700690073002f0063006f006e0073006f006c005f00610063007400
2f0073006f00670061003100320038002f0069006e006400650078002e00680074006d006c000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab000303000000700039000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\fs20\ul\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 Part IX}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
of the Sentencing and Penalties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs20\insrsid3823113\charrsid10829330 
(Emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid13961358\charrsid10829330 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid12933382 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-560\li560\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin560\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab The High Court, as the guardian of the rights entrenched in the Constitution,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 
 no doubt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11887088\charrsid1971109 has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 jurisdiction to exercise supervisory jurisdiction conferred under Section 100(6) of the Constitution and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
make such orders, and give such directions as it considers appropriate to ensure that justice is duly administered by the Magistrates Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
. I accept that this is a fit case to exercise that jurisdiction if the Court is satisfied that the Magistrates Court has made the impugned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 nswer Ruling in violation of the rights alluded to above. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10829330 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10829330\charrsid10829330 \tab Analysis
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-560\li560\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin560\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab I now proceed to inquire into the application to see if this Court should exercise the supervisory power}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 under the Constitution. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Applicant ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  been charged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 offences of Abuse of Office as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 COUNT 1
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Statement of O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ence
\par ABUSE OF OFFICE: Contrary to Section 139 of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par 
\par Particulars of Offence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
RONALD RITESH NARAYAN between 15 September 2016 and 315 October 2017 at Lautoka in the Western Division, whilst being employed in the public service as an Executive Officer with the Ministry of Health, in abuse of the authority of his office did arbitrary
 acts for gain, namely caused a tender of the Ministry of Health for the Nukuilau Nursing Station project to be awarded to the Brink Home Builders, a company in whic
h he had direct interest in, which was prejudicial to the rights of the said Ministry of Health or other competitive bidders. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 COUNT 2
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li3600\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Statement of O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ence
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
ABUSE OF OFFICE: Contrary to Section 139 of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Particulars of Offence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
RONALD RITES NARAYAN between 15 September 2016 and 31st October 2017 at Lautoka in the Western Division, whilst being employed in the public service as an Executive Officer with the Ministry of Health, in abuse of the authority of his office did arbitrary
 acts 
for gain, namely caused a tender of the Ministry of Health for the Bukuya Health Centre project to be awarded to the Brink Home Builders, a company in which he had direct interest in, which was prejudicial to the rights of the said Ministry of Health or o
ther competitive bidders. 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 COUNT 3
\par 
\par Statement of O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
ABUSE OF OFFICE: Contrary to Section 139 of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Particulars of O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
RONALD RITESH NARAYAN between 1st September 2016 and 315 October 2017 at Lautoka in the Western Division, whilst being employed in the public service as an Executive Officer with the Ministry }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
ealth, in abuse of the authority of his office did arbitrary acts for gain, namely caused a tender of the Ministry of Health for the Ba Mission Hospital project to be awarded to the Brink Home Builders, a company in which he had direct interest in, which 
was prejudicial to the rights of the said Ministry of Health or other competitive bidders. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par COUNT 4
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Statement of Offence ABUSE OF OFFICE: Contrary to Section 139 of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Particulars of O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1088\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1088\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
RONALD RITESH NARAYAN between 1st September 2016 and 31st October 2017 at Lautoka in the Western Division, whilst being employed in the public service as an Executive Officer with the Ministry of Health, in abuse of the authority of his office did arbitra
ry acts for gain, namely caused a tender of the Ministry of Health jor the Raiwaga Health Centre projec
t to be awarded to the Brink Home Builders, a company in which he had direct interest in, which was prejudicial to the rights of the said Ministry of Health or other competitive bidders.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 47}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The 1st and 2nd accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 are jointly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  charged with the offence of Obtaining a Financial Advantage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  charge and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  particular}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  of the offence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  as follows; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 COUNT 5
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Statement of Offence OBTAINING A FINANCIAL ADVANTAGE: Contrary to Section 326 (1) of the Crimes Act of 2009 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Particulars of Offence
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par RONALD RITESH NARAYAN and SAT NARAYAN between 1st September 2016 and 31st October 2017 at Lautoka in the Western Division, whilst being an Executive Officer with the Ministry of Health, and the Director of BRINK HOME BUILDERS respectively, engaged in cond
uct namely obtained tenders from the Ministry of Health projects and as a result of that conduct obtained a financial advantage amounting to a total of $101,041.12 from the Ministry of Health and knowing that they were not eligible t
o receive the said financial advantage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 48}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \tab T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 s complaint is that the Learned Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
in his no case to answer Ruling, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 whilst finding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 there is a case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 for the Applicants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
to answer, went a step further and found them guilty of the offence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 /s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Let me now examine the relevant parts of the Ruling of the Learned Magistrate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5995613 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 At paragraph 23 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the Ruling there was a finding of fact that: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I find that the prosecution has }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 established}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
with sufficient and relevant evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  that the Brink 
Hone Builders owned by the father of the 1st Accused was directly benefitted by the conduct of the 1st Accused. The very conduct of the 1St Accused led to gain a benefit to his own father}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ( emphasis mine)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . \tab At paragraph 25 there was a finding of fact that; 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Having considered overall evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I find that the prosecution has led sufficient evidence to prove all elements of the 1st to 4th counts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . In the said backdrop }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 hold that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 prosecution has established}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 with su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
cient and relevant evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 that the 1st Accused being employed in the public service as an executive officer with the Ministry of Health in abuse of authority of his office did arbitrary acts for gain namely caused tenders of the Ministry of Health jor Nukundu Nursing station proj
ect, Bukuya Health Centre project, Ba Mission Hospital project and Raiwaga Health Centre project to be awarded to the Brink Home Builders a company which the 1 Accused had a direct interest and it was prejudicial to the rights of 
the Ministry of Health or other competitive bidders. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (emphasis mine)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 51}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5995613 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  \tab At paragraph 33 there was a finding of fact that; 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 On the other hand the 1st Accused had withd
rawn cash from the Brink Home Builders business account opened with the Westpac Banking Corporation. Same evidence is corroborated by the endorsements made in the cheques tendered in evidence marked as PEx45, PEX46, PEX48, PEX49, PEX51, PEX52, PEX54, PEX7
0, PEX73, and PEX75. As such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
find that the prosecution has established sufficient to prove that both the Accused obtained a financial advantage from the Ministry of Health}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391\charrsid1971109 Emphasis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  mine)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 52}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 t paragraph 35 there was a finding}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  of fact:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I find}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  that the prosecution has led sufficient evidence to prove all elements of the 5th count.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 Accordingly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
hold that the prosecution has established with sufficient and relevant evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 that the 1st and 2nd Accused whilst being an executive officer of for the Ministry of Health and the Director Brink Home Builders respectively engaged in a conduct namely obtained tenders from Ministry of Health projects and as result of that conduct obt
ained a financial advantage amounting to a total sum of $101,041.12 from the Ministry of Health and knowing that they were not eligible to receive the said financial advantage.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (emphasis mine)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 53}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab Upon perusal of the paragraphs cited above, I am unable to reject the contention of the Applicants that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he Learned Magistrate has evaluated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 and found as a matter of fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11887088 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
as opposed to as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  a matter of law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11887088 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 that the elements }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the offences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 have been proved. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 54}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . \tab The test to be satisfied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  at the close of the prosecution case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  is whether there is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 relevant and admissible }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
evidence on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 each}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  element of the offence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 whether the evidence is such that a reasonable tribunal might convict on the evidence so far laid before it}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 but not that they are proved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . At this stage, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ccused would still need to run their defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 for the court to be satisfied that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  the elements }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 are proved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 beyond reasonable doubt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 55}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 he Queens Bench in Practice Note}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 [1962) 1 All ER 448 provided that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
A submission that there is no case to answer may properly be made and upheld: (a
) where there has been no evidence to prove an essential element in the alleged offence; (b) where the evidence adduced by the prosecution has been so discredited as result of cross examination or is so manifestly unreliable that no reasonable tribunal co
uld safely convict upon it... ...the decision should depend not so much on whether the adjudicating tribunal (if compelled to do so) would at that stage convict or acquit but on whether the evidence is such that a reasonable tribunal might convict on the 
evidence so far laid before it, there is a case to answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 56}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 
State v Temo Roy Sekope Stuart}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Criminal Appeal No. 20 of 1989 / at Suva Justice Fatiaki approved the above practice note at page 5 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 cited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  with approval the decision of Privy Council in Haw Tau Tau v Public (1982). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 clear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 that the decision as to whether there is a case to answer should depend not so much on whether the adjudication tribunal would at that stage convict or acquit but whether the evidence is such that a reasonable tribun
al properly directing its mind to the law and the evidence could or might convict on the evidence so far laid before it.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 57}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 n other words, the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 at that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8147717 (no case to answer) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 stage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 should adopt an objective test as distinct from the subjective test }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 which the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  should ultimately }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
adopted at the close of the trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8147717 . The subjective test}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8147717 would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
entail an evaluation of the evidence holistically to see if the standard of beyond reasonable doubt required to prove all the elements of the offence has been established. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 58}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab Therefore, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he test for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 nswer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 uling }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 involve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 a question of law and not a question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  and would need to be assessed on }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  objective basis. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 Sanjay Singh Verma v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Criminal Petition CAV0019 of 2014 the Supreme Court of Fiji stated at paragraph 16 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 us:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
Either way, the question is whether the evidence is capable of amounting to proof of guilt, and whether the evidence is capable of amounting to proof of guilt is a question of law only. Indeed, the fact that a submission of no case to answer involves the 
determination of a question of law only was regarded as axiomatic in R v Abbott [1955| 2 QB 497, in which at P 505 Lord Goddard C referred to the determination of a submission of no case to answer as a "decision in point of law . By the same token, in & v
 Garside (1967) 52 Cr App R 85, Winn L at p 89 described a submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
of no case to answer as a "point of law". Similarly, in R y Cockley 1984| Crim L R 429, the court assumed that the wrongful rejection of a submission of no case to answer would mean that "the judge had been wrong in law." These cases all led the Court of 
Appeal in Fiji in The State V Mosese Tuisawau (Criminal Appeal No 14 of 1990) to say, without apparent disapproval, that "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [i]t t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 has been held that where a submission of no case to answer is made at the close of the prosecution case it calls for a decision of a question of law . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid5995613 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 9}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 
McPhee v S Bennett Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  (1934] 52 WN NSWI8 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 the Jordan }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CJ }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 stated that, 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par 
\par The question whether there is any evidence of a particular fact is also a question of law: Sittingbourne Urban District Council v Lipton Ltd [1931) 1 KB 539 at 544 and Mersey Docks and Harbour Board v West Derby Assessment Committee [1932] 1 KB 40 at 110,
 111, But if there is evidence of the fact, the question whether that evidence ought to be accepted in whole or in part, or ought to be accepted as suiticient to establish the fact, is itself a question of fact and not a question of law, unless, of course
, there is some law which provides that the particular evidence, when given, is to be taken to establish the fact. 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 60}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 The Learned Magistrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 in his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid3823113 No Case to Answer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Ruling found }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 as a matter of fact that there was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 sufficient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
to establish or prove the charge when he stated at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 paragraph 23 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 of the Ruling that 
\endash \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I find that the prosecution has established with sufficient and relevant evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \'85,a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
t paragraph 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ,-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Having considered overall evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
I find that the prosecution has led sufficient evidence to prove all elements of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  counts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 hold that the prosecution has established}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 with su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 cient and relevant evidence}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \'85, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 t paragraph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \'85}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 find that the prosecution has established sufficient}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  (sic)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  to prove that both the Accused obtained a financial advantage from the Ministry of Health}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  and a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 t paragraph 35 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \endash  \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I find}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  that the prosecution has led sufficient evidence to prove all elements of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\super\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 count.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  Accordingly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 hold that the prosecution has established with sufficient and relevant evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \'85.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri1089\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1089\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 61}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab 
Upon careful perusal of the paragraphs cited above, it is obvious that the Learned Magistrate has made a subjective assessment of evidence, which he is supposed to make at the end of the trial as a matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  of fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 thereby }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 found the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 guilt halfway through the trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15739197 without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid11887088 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15739197 
opportunity of being heard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8147717 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15739197  to the Applicants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 62}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab In view of that, the Court is bound to accept that the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15739197 Applicant\rquote s right to a fair trial is in jeopardy even though the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 efence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8147717 case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  called}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  and rights under Section 179(1) of the CPA were explained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5995613  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid8147717 to the Applicants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid5995613 
by the Learned Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11887088 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 63}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13201726 Further, I find that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109 
 finding of guilt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13183720 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13183720 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3823113 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109 nswer stage of the trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13201726 offends}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13201726\charrsid1971109 right of innocence protect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13201726 ed by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13201726\charrsid1971109  Section 14 (2) (a) of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4417482\charrsid1971109 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2446118 Therefore, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf20\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 impugned order is liable to be set }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 to ensure that justice is duly administered by the Magistrates Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613  at Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 .  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 64}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 .\tab 
The next important question to be decided is whether a fair trial is possible if the matter were returned to the same Learned Magistrate who made the impugned finding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14712172 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 continu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13183720 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14712172  with the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613  hearing for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2446118 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613 efence case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid5995613  as he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 has already given the r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ights of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ccused pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ection 179(1) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 CPA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 . 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 65}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab 
I would answer this question in the negative for two reasons. Firstly, having so decided, it would be next to impossible for the Learned Magistrate to erase from his mind the facts he found in his Ruling and come to a different conclusion in his}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720  final}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  judgment. Secondly, such a course would offend the famous maxim 
\lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 justice must not only be done but must manifestly and undoubtedly be seen to be done\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  propagated by Lord Chief Justice Hewart. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 66}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 In the circumstances,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 t is inevitable for the Applicants to perceive that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 even if evidence were to be adduced for defence, they will not get fair justice in a situation where the court has already decided their guilt. On the other hand,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
it appears}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  that there is any real possibility that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 present }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 Learned M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 agistrate\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  participation in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
 case might lead to a reasonable apprehension of pre-judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 bias, he should, of course, refrain from sitting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2446118  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 see: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 
Livesey v The New South Wales Bar Association}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420  HYPERLINK "file:////cgi-bin/LawCite%3fcit=%5b1983%5d%20HCA%2017" \\
o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000030100002a0000005c005c006300670069002d00620069006e005c004c006100770043006900740065002500330066006300690074003d00250035006200310039003800330025003500640020004800430041002000310037000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\cf2\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [1983] HCA 17}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 ;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2446118  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%281983%29%20151%20CLR%20288" \\o "View LawCiteRecord" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90ba600000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f006300670069002d00620069006e002f004c006100770043006900740065003f00630069007400
3d00250032003800310039003800330025003200390025003200300031003500310025003200300043004c0052002500320030003200380038000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\cf2\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
(1983) 151 CLR 288}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , p 293,294)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid2446118 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10829330\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-567\li567\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid13961358 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 67}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2772828 Webb v The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420 
 HYPERLINK "file:////cgi-bin/LawCite%3fcit=%5b1994%5d%20HCA%2030%3fstem=&synonyms=&query=test%2520and%2520for%2520and%2520perceived%2520and%2520bias" \\o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000030100007e0000005c005c006300670069002d00620069006e005c004c006100770043006900740065002500330066006300690074003d00250035006200310039003900340025003500640020004800430041002000330030002500330066007300740065006d003d00
2600730079006e006f006e0079006d0073003d002600710075006500720079003d0074006500730074002500320035003200300061006e0064002500320035003200300066006f0072002500320035003200300061006e00640025003200350032003000700065007200630065006900760065006400250032003500320030
0061006e0064002500320035003200300062006900610073000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\cf2\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [1994] HCA 30}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 , the High Court of Australia held that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 test}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 (for perceived bias) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 to be applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid14712172 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109  whether "a fair-minded but informed observer might reasonably apprehend or suspect that the judge has prejudged or might prejudge the case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12933382 [}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 This test was adopted by the Supreme Court of Fiji in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid9309376 Koya v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\cf1\insrsid12454360  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13137420  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJSC/1998/2.html" \\o "View Case" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12454360 
{\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b7800000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f00630061007300650073002f0046004a00530043002f0031003900390038002f00
32002e00680074006d006c000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs19\ul\cf2\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 [1998] FJSC 2}}}\sectd \ltrsect\rtlgutter
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12933382 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2446118 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358\charrsid2446118 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 68}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 For the reasons given above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 , it is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 appropriate in this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 to direct the Learned Magistrate who tried the matter to deliver an amended ruling on }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 C}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 
nswer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 and proceed to hear the defence case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 as Sharma J did in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015\charrsid1773015 Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1773015 
 case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 Therefore, the best course available is to order a re-trial before another magistrate. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 
\par 
\par 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2446118 Before ordering a re-trial, I must address the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2446118 floodgate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525 argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 \rquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525  raised during the hearing. This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10842050 argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525  was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15220076 first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525 raised by the Court }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 in view of the observations made in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382\charrsid9309376 Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382\charrsid9309376 Ismail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016\charrsid10109016  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 judgments discussed above }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10109016 regarding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525  the suitability of allowing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 
\lquote piece meal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525 appeals}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12933382 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525  to challenge interlocutory orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15220076  in criminal matters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid12200391 70}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13183720 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4087525 I have already decided that the impugned Ruling cannot be appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2772828  at this stage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid2772828 
As discussed above, the revisionary jurisdiction is also not available to the Applicants. In such a situation, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10842050 exercise of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 supervisory jurisdiction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10842050 
is entirely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10423505 in agreement with the constitutional mandate conferred on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 High Court }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid10423505 under Section 100(6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid14712172 of the Constitution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid9309376 to ensure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2772828\charrsid1971109 that justice is duly administered by the Magistrates Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505 , particularly }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2772828 in the absence of alternative remedies. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12933382 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13201726 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 71}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12933382 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13183720 The power}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid9093 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid13183720  under Section 100(6) will be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7437965 exercised by the High Court only in exceptional cases when there is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11483911 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid7437965 real possibility that the rights guaranteed in the Constitution would be in peril. Therefore, there is no basis for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11483911 anxiety}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7437965 
 that this decision will open flood gates.   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13183720 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 72}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7437965 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11037515 When ordering retrials, the appellate courts must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid10423505 always }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11037515 be mindful of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 prejudice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid15799857 that will be caused to the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13048568 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505 witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 , the expenses they have to incur and the time wasted in the process of a new trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3361485 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 
 not to mention the case management difficulties of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 courts below which are already }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10423505 overburdened
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857  with huge backlogs. The witnesses lose the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488 ir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857  memory over time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid7437965 paving way for contradictions with their previous testimonies }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 and some important witnesses may have dead or gone missing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13048568 
 by the time of the re-trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13048568 All in all it is the constitutional right to a speedy trial and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 
confidence in the judicial system that will ultimately be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1704336 at stake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13048568  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid7437965  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13961358 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 73}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 The alleged offences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3361485 
in this case were committed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 in 2016. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid15799857 It is evident from the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8987568 
affidavit filed on behalf of the Respondent, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1704336 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8987568 
the Applicants had been arraigned on 31 August 2018 and the plea taken on 16 October 2018. Thereafter the matter has been heard by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 at least }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8987568 
two magistrates.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1704336  Altogether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8987568 21 witnesses have been called }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid8987568 nd 110 documents tendered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488  at the trial so far}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8987568 . The Learned Magistrate who made the impugned order has adop
ted the proceedings of his predecessor in office}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3361485 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488  apparently with the concurrence of the Applicants. Therefore, I don\rquote t see a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7437965 possibility of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488 considerable prejudice being caused to the Applicants if they cooperate with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid3361485 new }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488 magistrate to whom th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488  case is assigned to adopt the proceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10096461 
and evidence led so far}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid10511488  before his predecessor in office.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 74}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 .\tab Following Orders are made:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\langfenp2057\insrsid4487522 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 i.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4487522\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4487522 The Application is allowed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4487522\charrsid13372596 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13372596 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid13372596\charrsid13372596 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\langfenp2057\insrsid4487522 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 ii.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4487522\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4487522 The Ruling made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1704336 on 13 March 2023 by the Learned Magistrate at Lautoka on the no case to answer application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 is set aside.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid15799857\charrsid1704336 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s30\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1704336 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1704336\charrsid1704336 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\langfenp2057\insrsid4487522 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 iii.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4487522\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4487522 A retrial is ordered before a different magistrate who shall with the concurrence of the Applicants adopt the proceedings and evidence led so far before his predecessor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid1704336 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522  in office and deliver a fresh ruling on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid133287  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 ase to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid12200391 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522 
nswer application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid133287 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid4487522  considering the submissions and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7033955 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid4487522 evidence so far led. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid4487522\charrsid1704336 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1704336\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid1704336\charrsid1704336 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s21 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\langfenp2057\insrsid7033955 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 iv.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s21\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4487522\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid7033955 
If the Learned Magistrate to whom the re-trial is assigned finds that there is a case for the Applicants to answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid133287 , he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid7033955  is directed to proceed to the defence case and deliver the judgment according to law.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang3081\langfe2057\langnp3081\insrsid7033955 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s23\qj \fi720\li3600\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3600\itap0\pararsid7033955 \rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f4\fs22\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1043\langfe2057\langnp1043\insrsid7033955 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1043\langfe2057\langnp1043\insrsid133287 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1043\langfe2057\langnp1043\insrsid12200391   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1043\langfe2057\langnp1043\insrsid7033955 Aruna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f46\fs24\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid7033955 Aluthge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid12454360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li2880\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid7033955 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7033955 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af46\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs32\insrsid7033955 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7033955 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1031\langfe2057\langnp1031\insrsid7033955 At Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 12 September 2023}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 Solicitors:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid7033955 Messrs Patel & Sharma }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid133287 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid7033955 arristers & Sol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid133287 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid7033955 citors for App}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\lang1040\langfe2057\langnp1040\insrsid133287 licants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af46\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10829330 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af41\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\fs24\insrsid7033955 
Fiji Independent Commission against Corruption for Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af41 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13961358 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf20\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13961358\charrsid1971109 
\par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb4ec3301045f748fc83e52d4a
9cb2400825e982c78ec7a27cc0c8992416c9d8b2a755fbf74cd25442a820166c2cd933f79e3be372bd1f07b5c3989ca74aaff2422b24eb1b475da5df374fd9ad
5689811a183c61a50f98f4babebc2837878049899a52a57be670674cb23d8e90721f90a4d2fa3802cb35762680fd800ecd7551dc18eb899138e3c943d7e503b6
b01d583deee5f99824e290b4ba3f364eac4a430883b3c092d4eca8f946c916422ecab927f52ea42b89a1cd59c254f919b0e85e6535d135a8de20f20b8c12c3b0
0c895fcf6720192de6bf3b9e89ecdbd6596cbcdd8eb28e7c365ecc4ec1ff1460f53fe813d3cc7f5b7f020000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100a5d6
a7e7c0000000360100000b0000005f72656c732f2e72656c73848fcf6ac3300c87ef85bd83d17d51d2c31825762fa590432fa37d00e1287f68221bdb1bebdb4f
c7060abb0884a4eff7a93dfeae8bf9e194e720169aaa06c3e2433fcb68e1763dbf7f82c985a4a725085b787086a37bdbb55fbc50d1a33ccd311ba548b6309512
0f88d94fbc52ae4264d1c910d24a45db3462247fa791715fd71f989e19e0364cd3f51652d73760ae8fa8c9ffb3c330cc9e4fc17faf2ce545046e37944c69e462
a1a82fe353bd90a865aad41ed0b5b8f9d6fd010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c0000007468656d652f746865
6d652f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c0ccc4d0ac3201040e17da17790d93763bb284562b2cbaebbf600439c1a41c7a0d29fdbd7e5e38337cedf14d59b
4b0d592c9c070d8a65cd2e88b7f07c2ca71ba8da481cc52c6ce1c715e6e97818c9b48d13df49c873517d23d59085adb5dd20d6b52bd521ef2cdd5eb9246a3d8b
4757e8d3f729e245eb2b260a0238fd010000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100b6f4679893070000c9200000160000007468656d652f7468656d652f
7468656d65312e786d6cec59cd8b1bc915bf07f23f347d97f5d5ad8fc1f2a24fcfda33b6b164873dd648a5eef2547789aad28cc56208de532e81c026e49085bd
ed21842cecc22eb9e48f31d8249b3f22afaa5bdd5552c99e191c3061463074977eefd5afde7bf5de53d5ddcf5e26d4bbc05c1096f6fcfa9d9aefe174ce16248d
7afeb3d9a4d2f13d2151ba4094a5b8e76fb0f03fbbf7eb5fdd454732c609f6403e1547a8e7c752ae8eaa5531876124eeb0154ee1bb25e30992f0caa3ea82a34b
d09bd06aa3566b55134452df4b51026a1f2f97648ebd9952e9dfdb2a1f53784da5500373caa74a35b6243476715e5708b11143cabd0b447b3eccb3609733fc52
fa1e4542c2173dbfa6fffceabdbb5574940b517940d6909be8bf5c2e17589c37f49c3c3a2b260d823068f50bfd1a40e53e6edc1eb7c6ad429f06a0f91c569a71
b175b61bc320c71aa0ecd1a17bd41e35eb16ded0dfdce3dc0fd5c7c26b50a63fd8c34f2643b0a285d7a00c1feee1c3417730b2f56b50866fede1dbb5fe28685b
fa3528a6243ddf43d7c25673b85d6d0159327aec8477c360d26ee4ca4b144443115d6a8a254be5a1584bd00bc6270050408a24493db959e1259a43140f112567
9c7827248a21f056286502866b8ddaa4d684ffea13e827ed5174849121ad780113b137a4f87862cec94af6fc07a0d537206f7ffef9cdeb1fdfbcfee9cd575fbd
79fdf77c6eadca923b466964cafdf2dd1ffef3cd6fbd7ffff0ed2f5fff319b7a172f4cfcbbbffdeedd3ffef93ef5b0e2d2146ffff4fdbb1fbf7ffbe7dfffebaf
5f3bb4f7393a33e1339260e13dc297de5396c0021dfcf119bf9ec42c46c494e8a791402952b338f48f656ca11f6d10450edc00db767cce21d5b880f7d72f2cc2
d398af2571687c182716f094313a60dc6985876a2ec3ccb3751ab927e76b13f714a10bd7dc43945a5e1eaf579063894be530c616cd2714a5124538c5d253dfb1
738c1dabfb8210cbaea764ce99604be97d41bc01224e93ccc899154da5d03149c02f1b1741f0b7659bd3e7de8051d7aa47f8c246c2de40d4417e86a965c6fb68
2d51e252394309350d7e8264ec2239ddf0b9891b0b099e8e3065de78818570c93ce6b05ec3e90f21cdb8dd7e4a37898de4929cbb749e20c64ce4889d0f6394ac
5cd829496313fbb938871045de13265df05366ef10f50e7e40e941773f27d872f787b3c133c8b026a53240d4376beef0e57dccacf89d6ee8126157aae9f3c44a
b17d4e9cd131584756689f604cd1255a60ec3dfbdcc160c05696cd4bd20f62c82ac7d815580f901dabea3dc5027a25d5dcece7c91322ac909de2881de073bad9
493c1b9426881fd2fc08bc6eda7c0ca52e7105c0633a3f37818f08f480102f4ea33c16a0c308ee835a9fc4c82a60ea5db8e375c32dff5d658fc1be7c61d1b8c2
be04197c6d1948eca6cc7b6d3343d49aa00c9819822ec3956e41c4727f29a28aab165b3be596f6a62ddd00dd91d5f42424fd6007b4d3fb84ffbbde073a8cb77f
f9c6b10f3e4ebfe3566c25ab6b763a8792c9f14e7f7308b7dbd50c195f904fbfa919a175fa04431dd9cf58b73dcd6d4fe3ffdff73487f6f36d2773a8dfb8ed64
7ce8306e3b99fc70e5e3743265f3027d8d3af0c80e7af4b14f72f0d46749289dca0dc527421ffc08f83db398c0a092d3279eb838055cc5f0a8ca1c4c60e1228e
b48cc799fc0d91f134462b381daafb4a492472d591f0564cc0a1911e76ea5678ba4e4ed9223becacd7d5c16656590592e5782d2cc6e1a04a66e856bb3cc02bd4
6bb6913e68dd1250b2d721614c6693683a48b4b783ca48fa58178ce620a157f65158741d2c3a4afdd6557b2c805ae115f8c1edc1cff49e1f06200242701e07cd
f942f92973f5d6bbda991fd3d3878c69450034d8db08283ddd555c0f2e4fad2e0bb52b78da2261849b4d425b46377822869fc17974aad1abd0b8aeafbba54b2d
7aca147a3e08ad9246bbf33e1637f535c8ede6069a9a9982a6de65cf6f35430899395af5fc251c1ac363b282d811ea3717a211dcbccc25cf36fc4d32cb8a0b39
4222ce0cae934e960d122231f728497abe5a7ee1069aea1ca2b9d51b90103e59725d482b9f1a3970baed64bc5ce2b934dd6e8c284b67af90e1b35ce1fc568bdf
1cac24d91adc3d8d1797de195df3a708422c6cd795011744c0dd413db3e682c0655891c8caf8db294c79da356fa3740c65e388ae62945714339967709dca0b3a
faadb081f196af190c6a98242f8467912ab0a651ad6a5a548d8cc3c1aafb6121653923699635d3ca2aaa6abab39835c3b60cecd8f26645de60b53531e434b3c2
67a97b37e576b7b96ea74f28aa0418bcb09fa3ea5ea12018d4cac92c6a8af17e1a56393b1fb56bc776811fa07695226164fdd656ed8edd8a1ae19c0e066f54f9
416e376a6168b9ed2bb5a5f5adb979b1cdce5e40f2184197bba6526857c2c92e47d0104d754f92a50dd8222f65be35e0c95b73d2f3bfac85fd60d80887955a27
1c57826650ab74c27eb3d20fc3667d1cd66ba341e31514161927f530bbb19fc00506dde4f7f67a7cefee3ed9ded1dc99b3a4caf4dd7c5513d777f7f5c6e1bb7b
8f40d2f9b2d598749bdd41abd26df627956034e854bac3d6a0326a0ddba3c9681876ba9357be77a1c141bf390c5ae34ea5551f0e2b41aba6e877ba9576d068f4
8376bf330efaaff23606569ea58fdc16605ecdebde7f010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000007468656d65
2f7468656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73848f4d0ac2301484f78277086f6fd3ba109126dd88d0add40384e4350d36
3f2451eced0dae2c082e8761be9969bb979dc9136332de3168aa1a083ae995719ac16db8ec8e4052164e89d93b64b060828e6f37ed1567914b284d262452282e
3198720e274a939cd08a54f980ae38a38f56e422a3a641c8bbd048f7757da0f19b017cc524bd62107bd5001996509affb3fd381a89672f1f165dfe514173d985
0528a2c6cce0239baa4c04ca5bbabac4df000000ffff0300504b01022d0014000600080000002100e9de0fbfff0000001c020000130000000000000000000000
0000000000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c0000000360100000b00000000000000000000
000000300100005f72656c732f2e72656c73504b01022d00140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c0000000000000000000000000019020000
7468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100b6f4679893070000c92000001600000000000000
000000000000d60200007468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d65312e786d6c504b01022d00140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b01000027000000
000000000000000000009d0a00007468656d652f7468656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73504b050600000000050005005d010000980b00000000}
{\*\colorschememapping 3c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f64696e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d22796573223f3e0d0a3c613a636c724d
617020786d6c6e733a613d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f64726177696e676d6c2f323030362f6d6169
6e22206267313d226c743122207478313d22646b3122206267323d226c743222207478323d22646b322220616363656e74313d22616363656e74312220616363
656e74323d22616363656e74322220616363656e74333d22616363656e74332220616363656e74343d22616363656e74342220616363656e74353d22616363656e74352220616363656e74363d22616363656e74362220686c696e6b3d22686c696e6b2220666f6c486c696e6b3d22666f6c486c696e6b222f3e}
{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax376\lsdlockeddef0\lsdsemihiddendef0\lsdunhideuseddef0\lsdqformatdef0\lsdprioritydef99{\lsdlockedexcept \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 Normal;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 4;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 7;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 9;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 1;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 4;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 5;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 7;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 8;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 9;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority35 \lsdlocked0 caption;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 table of authorities;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Bullet;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority10 \lsdlocked0 Title;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 Default Paragraph Font;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 3;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 4;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 List Continue 5;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority11 \lsdlocked0 Subtitle;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority22 \lsdlocked0 Strong;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority20 \lsdlocked0 Emphasis;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Table Web 2;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Table Web 3;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Balloon Text;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 Table Grid;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Table Theme;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdlocked0 Placeholder Text;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 No Spacing;
\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1;
\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 1;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 1;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 1;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdlocked0 Revision;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority34 \lsdlocked0 List Paragraph;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority29 \lsdlocked0 Quote;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority30 \lsdlocked0 Intense Quote;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 1;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 1;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 1;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 1;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 1;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 1;
\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 2;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 2;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 2;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 2;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 2;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 2;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 2;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 2;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 3;
\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 3;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 3;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 3;
\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 3;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 3;
\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 3;\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 3;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 3;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 4;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 4;
\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 4;\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 4;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 4;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 4;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 4;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 4;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 4;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 5;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 5;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 5;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 5;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 5;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 5;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 5;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 5;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 5;\lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 6;\lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 6;\lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 6;
\lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 6;\lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 6;\lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 6;\lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 6;
\lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 6;\lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 6;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority19 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Emphasis;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority21 \lsdlocked0 Intense Emphasis;
\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority31 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority32 \lsdlocked0 Intense Reference;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority33 \lsdlocked0 Book Title;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdpriority37 \lsdlocked0 Bibliography;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 TOC Heading;\lsdpriority41 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 1;\lsdpriority42 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 2;\lsdpriority43 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 3;\lsdpriority44 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 4;
\lsdpriority45 \lsdlocked0 Plain Table 5;\lsdpriority40 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table Light;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 1;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 1;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 2;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 3;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4;
\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 4;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 5;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 5;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 3 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 4 Accent 6;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 1;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 1;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 1;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 1;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 1;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 2;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 2;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 2;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 2;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 2;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 3;
\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 3;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 3;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 3;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 3;
\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 4;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 4;
\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 4;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 4;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 4;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4;
\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4;\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 5;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 5;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 5;
\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 5;\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 5;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5;
\lsdpriority46 \lsdlocked0 List Table 1 Light Accent 6;\lsdpriority47 \lsdlocked0 List Table 2 Accent 6;\lsdpriority48 \lsdlocked0 List Table 3 Accent 6;\lsdpriority49 \lsdlocked0 List Table 4 Accent 6;
\lsdpriority50 \lsdlocked0 List Table 5 Dark Accent 6;\lsdpriority51 \lsdlocked0 List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6;\lsdpriority52 \lsdlocked0 List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Mention;
\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Smart Hyperlink;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Hashtag;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Unresolved Mention;\lsdsemihidden1 \lsdunhideused1 \lsdlocked0 Smart Link;}}{\*\datastore 01050000
02000000180000004d73786d6c322e534158584d4c5265616465722e362e3000000000000000000000060000
d0cf11e0a1b11ae1000000000000000000000000000000003e000300feff090006000000000000000000000001000000010000000000000000100000feffffff00000000feffffff0000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
fffffffffffffffffdfffffffeffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff52006f006f007400200045006e00740072007900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016000500ffffffffffffffffffffffff0c6ad98892f1d411a65f0040963251e5000000000000000000000000f08e
d6c5cce6d901feffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000105000000000000}}