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{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\f419\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Segoe UI CE;}{\f420\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Segoe UI Cyr;}{\f422\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Segoe UI Greek;}{\f423\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Segoe UI Tur;}
{\f424\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Segoe UI (Hebrew);}{\f425\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Segoe UI (Arabic);}{\f426\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Segoe UI Baltic;}{\f427\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Segoe UI (Vietnamese);}
{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri Light CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Light Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Light Greek;}
{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Light Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31533\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri Light (Hebrew);}{\fhimajor\f31534\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri Light (Arabic);}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Light Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri Light (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}
{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}
{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}
{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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\b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid7868418 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418  AT SUVA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid5253266\charrsid7868418 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011 CIVIL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418  JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7864983\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7864983\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li4320\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid12922202 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011\charrsid16125122 Civil Action No:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid16125122  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid9793088\charrsid16125122  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid16125122 HB}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011\charrsid16125122 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid16125122  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011\charrsid16125122 202}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid9793088\charrsid16125122  of 2022}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid16125122 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li4320\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid9793088\charrsid16125122 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li5040\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid12922202 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7305165\charrsid9793088 IN THE MATTER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid9793088 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11346011 
an Application for Committal under Order 52 of the High Court Rules. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9793088  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li4320\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9793088 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7482605\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2160\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3413214 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7305165\charrsid11670587 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011 THE ATTORNEY \endash  GENERAL OF FIJI }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11346011\charrsid11346011 
of Level 4-8, Suvavou House, Victoria Parade, Suva. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11670587\charrsid11346011  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid11346011  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid7482605\charrsid11346011 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi450\li7200\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid479139 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid3413214 APPL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid3211439 IC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid3413214 ANT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid479139 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7864983\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-2160\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3413214 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7864983\charrsid11670587 A N D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7864983\charrsid7868418 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11346011 RICHARD KRISHNAN NAIDU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11346011\charrsid11346011 , Legal Practitioner, Duncan Road, Domain in Suva C/- Munro Leys, Level Pacific House, Butt Street, Suva. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3413214\charrsid11346011 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7482605\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li7200\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid10372202\charrsid479139 RESPONDENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid8541081\charrsid479139 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11346011 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10372202 Appearance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid2702942\charrsid7868418 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2702942\charrsid7868418 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid12922202 Ms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3023822\charrsid3023822 . Gul Fat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3023822\charrsid3023822 ma for the }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6974352 pplicant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12922202 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6974352 Mr. John Apted for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6974352 espondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202\charrsid12922202  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202 
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab Mr. Ad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202 sh Narayan with Mr. R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762 omanu}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202  Vananalagi for Fiji Law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202 Society }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12922202\charrsid12922202 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3413214 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3413214 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 Hearing\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6974352 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762 Wednesday, 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\super\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762  September}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3413214  2022 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762 2.30p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10372202\charrsid9451600 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10372202  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9451600 Decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6974352 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762 Wednesday, 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\super\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762  October, 2022 at 10.30am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16146762  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10372202\charrsid9451600  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid9451600 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8541081\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7305165\charrsid7868418 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7411173 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs36\ul\insrsid11346011 DECISION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs36\ul\insrsid12933121\charrsid7411173 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9793088 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs23\insrsid8541081\charrsid1142019 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11166935 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8541081 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762 [A].\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762 INTRODUCTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16146762\charrsid16146762  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16146762\charrsid11166935 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [1].\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The Fiji Law Society has applied for leave to intervene in Attorney-General\rquote s proceedings against the respondent for contempt of court for scandalizing the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid81241 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10688298\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [2].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 
The summons filed by the Fiji Law Society on 19.07.2022 seeks the following orders from the court: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid2294700 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid2294700\charrsid2294700 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid2294700 
Directing that the Fiji Law Society be granted leave to be joined as an intervener, and be permitted to file and serve written submissions and appear at the substantive hearing of the application for committal (oral submissions may be mad
e only if leave granted at the hearing). 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10688298\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298\charrsid10688298 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [3].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The paragraph two of the summons states as follows: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2294700 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 The grounds on which the orders are sought are:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 the issues raised by the application are of public and general 
importance, and concern professional standards, the rule of law and public confidence in the administration of justice in Fiji;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
the Fiji Law Society has statutory functions under the Legal Practitioners Act 2009 to maintain the professional standards of its members  and to protect and assist the public in all matters incidental to the practice of the law; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
the Fiji Law Society will provide the court with material assistance on an independent and objective basis which is important given the inheren}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6974352 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140  conflicts in proceedings of this type (the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6974352 parties, and where the alleged \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 contempt is scandalizing the court it is inevitable that the court has an interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6974352 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140  in the proceedings); and
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2294700\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid15169140\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 (d) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15169140\charrsid15169140 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15169140\charrsid15169140 Fiji}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140  Law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15169140\charrsid15169140 Society\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15169140\charrsid15169140 participation will focus on providing le}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 gal submission and relevant legal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid13907029  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 authorities and will}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15169140\charrsid15169140 
 have no material adverse effect on the efficient hearing and determination of the proceeding.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2294700\charrsid15169140 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10688298\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298\charrsid10688298 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [4].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The Attorney-General opposes the application on the following grounds: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129  (Verbatim)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8462320\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8462320 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 In its S
ummons, the FLS relies on the inherent jurisdiction of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 
High Court. No specific Order or Rule from the High Court Rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 has been cited.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 
There is a clear High Court Rule that deals with joinder i.e Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 
15. There is no need to invoke the inherent jurisdiction of the High}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 
Court if a clear and specific High Court Rule deals with joinder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid3615201 applications.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 
It may well be that the FLS is of the view that it cannot satisfy the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 test under }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 rder 15. The FLS must explain why it is directly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 affected by the committal proceedings.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 The mere fact that a member of the FLS has contempt proceedings}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 brought against for him does not in our submission give rise to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14033975\charrsid6907473 FLS being joined as a party in the proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid10688298\charrsid6907473 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 FLS does not explain what issues ha
ve been put in the contempt proceedings, between the parties, which necessitate its joinder as intervener. In fact, FLS in its summons deviates entirely from the contempt proceedings and refers to professional standards which is it statute bound to mainta
in.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
On a plain reading of the grounds contained in the Summons it appears that FLS has or is attempting to cast aspersions on the ability of the Court to make an independent and objective decision.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 Respectfully, we submit that it appears that FLS is e
ssentially claiming that this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3440129\charrsid6907473 Honorable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
 Court will not be objective in adjudicating over these proceedings without FLS.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
FLS is claiming that by virtue of these being committal proceedings concerning allegations relating to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3440129\charrsid6907473 scandalizing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  the Court and Judicial Officer presiding has some sort of vested interest and for that reason, the Court will not be impartial.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 We robust}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3440129 ly take issue with and offend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  to such statement made by the FLS in its grounds.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid3615201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 i\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 FLS has not sought a joinder und
er Order 15 of the High Court Rules. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 ii\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 FLS\rquote 
s presence is not required in these proceedings.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 iii\tab}Both sides are adequately represented by competent Counsel.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 iv\tab}The Respondent has multiple Counsel acting on his behalf.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 v\tab}FLS does not meet the test for joinder.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 vi\tab}FLS cannot be an independent party if it is seeking to protect the welfare of its member the Respondent.

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 vii\tab}Nothing prevents the FLS to assist the Respondent in i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3440129 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 s submissions and research and they do not need to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3440129  be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473  joined to achieve this objective.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 viii\tab}FLS cannot be an amicus as they have not been invited by the Court to assist as amicus.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 ix\tab}Neither party is under a disability which would require the Court to appoint an amicus.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3615201 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid6907473 The Summons and supporting Affidavit raise a number of questions.
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3615201 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6907473\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 
On 6 September 2022, FLS filed a Supplementary Affidavit. This Affidavit is sworn by the FLS President William Wylie Clarke and annexes FLS Council Resolution.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6907473\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 At paragraph 3, the Resolution states th
at the President of FLS is authorised to instruct and liaise with counsel to represent FLS and to give evidence by way of Affidavit. This Resolution does not set out why FLS seeks to be joined as intervener and what issues it exist in the contempt proceed
ings which necessitate it to intervene.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6907473\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f10\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 \loch\af10\dbch\af0\hich\f10 \'a7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7211020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 
In any event, the facts of this case do not concern a scenario where FLS can claim to be independent and seek to join merely to assist the Court in terms of providing case authorities. It would be different if the 
litigants in this case did not concern a legal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5767571  practitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473\charrsid6907473 
whose welfare, integrity and status the FLS has a statutory duty to promote and look after (Section 13(b) of the LPA).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li1440\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3615201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3615201\charrsid10688298 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10688298 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 [B].\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid10688298\charrsid10688298 
Is there jurisdiction or power in this court enabling it to grant leave to public interest intervention?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid10688298 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6907473 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [5].\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The Fiji Law Society sought leave to intervene in the proceedings co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14967491 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 menced by the Attorney-General}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3440129  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 on public interest grounds. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14967491\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14967491 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [6].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The jurisdiction to allow non-par
ty intervention in these proceedings is challenged by the Attorney-General. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14967491\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14967491\charrsid14967491 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid10688298 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [7].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 The form of non-party intervention known variously as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid10688298\charrsid13897159 \'93public interest intervention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid10688298\charrsid13897159 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 perspective intervention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 
\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 interest group intervention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6907473 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298  is a way to achieve input from affected non-parties. This type of intervention allows a non-party to participate in litigation in order to \'93
influence the judicial process in a way the intervener considers to be in the public interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid10688298 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  See; Philip L Bryen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3440129  -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  \'93Public Interest Inte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6907473 rve
ntion in the Courts\'94 (1987) C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 an Bar Rec 490, 505;
\par See also; Andrea Loux }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6907473 \endash \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 Hearing a different voice\'94; Third Party intervention (2000) 53 CLP 449, 460. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13897159 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10688298 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7211020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7211020\charrsid7211020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13897159 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [8].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 There are no provisions in the High Court Rules, 1988 enablin
g a person not a party to the proceedings to intervene. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13897159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid13897159 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13897159 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [9].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 
The paragraph 2.1 of the written submissions filed on behalf of the Fiji Law Society estates: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14967491\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14967491\charrsid14967491 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14967491\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14967491 2.1\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14967491\charrsid14967491 Applications for intervention are usually made under Order 15, rule 6(2). However, those prov
isions do not apply to applications made on public interest grounds, which are considered as a matter of inherent jurisdiction. The Fiji Law Society does not seek in its application to invoke the jurisdiction of the Court under Order 15 Rule 6(2). The app
lication specifically has recourse to the Inherent Jurisdiction. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13897159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid13897159 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13897159 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [10].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 
Mr. Narayan, counsel for the Fiji Law Society referred to the following judicial decisions to convince this court that the wide ambit of the inherent jurisdiction has been recognized and applied by the courts and submitted that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid13897159 the inherent jurisdiction has been judicially recognized as reserve of all powers of the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3440129 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid13897159 urt notwithstanding the pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid6907473 visions may be covered by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid13897159 
 the Rules of court and notwithstanding statute\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13897159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid11676930 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 Hefferan v The Hon. John Edward Byrne & others}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6907473  HBM 105 of 2007}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Vakalalabure v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  [2006] FJSC 3}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159\charrsid6907473 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13897159\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13897159 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [11].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 Mr. Narayan, counsel for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5767571 Fiji Law Society contends that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13897159 the inherent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6698323 jurisdiction allow the court to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13129991 appoint an amicus or allow public interest parties to be heard. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3999759 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5767549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13129991 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [12].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991 I accept the submissions of Mr. Narayan. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5767549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549\charrsid5767549 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13129991 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [13].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991 I wish to stress that the public interest intervention is distinct 
from party intervention under Order 15, Rule 6(2) of the High Court Rules, 1988. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5767549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549\charrsid5767549 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13129991 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [14].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991 
There is no specific statutory authority allowing the High Court to hear amici curiae or interveners. The jurisdiction to do so is seen as part of the inherent jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13129991 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038\charrsid4335361 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038\charrsid4335361  George Williams \'93The Amici Curiae and Intervener in the High Court of Australia: a comparative Analysis\'94
 [2000] 28 FLR 365 at 377. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991 . According to Williams, \'93Whatever the source of jurisdiction, it is accepted that when, and by what means, submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2557180 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991  will be accepted from interveners are matters entirely within the discretion of the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13129991 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038\charrsid4335361 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038\charrsid4335361  Williams, above n. 4 at 377}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13129991 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5767549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549\charrsid5767549 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid5767549 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [15].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549 There is an undoubted jurisdictio
n for this court to grant leave for a non-party to intervene in proceedings before this court. Exercise of the jurisdiction enables the court to obtain assistance from a non-party in order to improve the quality of information available to the court on wi
der issues than the parties may wish to address. In granting intervener status, the court must endeavor to ensure that the parties will not be prejudiced by the intervention. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5767549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767549\charrsid5767549 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid12518600 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [16].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12518600 I reject the submissions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5767549 of Ms. Fatima, counsel for the Attorney-General that in the absence of statutory authority, the court has no jurisdiction or power to permit public interest intervention in the High Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid12518600 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4335361\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7081073 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7081073\charrsid7081073 [C]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid7081073 LAW OF INTERVENING}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4335361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 Case law
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [17].\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7484993  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361  judicial review case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2557180 the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361  stated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4335361\charrsid2557180 Alpha Dairy NZ Ltd v Auckland Council}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\fs24\super\insrsid4335361 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2557180 
[2019] NZHC 2263}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4335361 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4335361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
The High Court has inherent jurisdiction to grant leave to an interested party to intervene in a proceeding by providing evidence, written submissions and/or oral submissions on specified terms bu
t has no right of appeal. In summary, in deciding whether to grant leave to intervene, the Court weighs the likelihood the intervener will assist the Court against the risk of prejudice or unfairness to the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\i\fs24\super\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid4335361 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4335361  DN v Family Court at Auckland [2019] NZHC  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3898563 2028, [2019] NZFLR 150 }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 . The decision is guided by the overall interests of justice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4335361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid3898563 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [18].\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493  principles for intervention }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 is stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493  by Thomas J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4335361\charrsid3898563 Capital and Merchant Finance Ltd v Perpetual Trust Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid4335361 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid4335361 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3898563  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4335361 
[2014] NZHC 3205, [2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3898563 ] NZAR 228.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 , as follows; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4335361 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 i\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
An applicant must show that its legal rights against or liabilities in relation to the subject matter will be directly affected. Commercial, financial, or reputational interests in the outcome will only be sufficient in exceptional circumstances. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid7211020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid7211020\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 ii\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
If the intending intervener's presence before the Court will not improve the quality of information before the Court, that will count heavily against its addition to the proceedings. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4335361\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 iii\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 relevant consideration is the extent to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 which the p
roposed intervener }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 can rely on one of the parties to prote}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 ct its rights and obligations. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 iv\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 If either party would be prejudiced by the intervention, or if the
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 ntervention would create an impression of partiality, the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 will not be granted.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 v\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
In cases where development of the law is likely, the application is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
more likely to be granted if the proposed intervener has special}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
expertise to assist the Court on wider public policy issues.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 vi\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 The underlying issue is whether it would be unjust to adju
dicate on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 the matter in dispute without the intervener being heard. Several of}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 the factors mentio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
ned above tie into this issue. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 vii\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
Where intervention is justified, the degree of participation granted to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 the int
ervener should be the minimum necessary to protect the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  intervener\rquote s interests. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3898563\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3898563\charrsid3898563 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid3898563 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [19].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 I refer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
 to a paragraph in a judgment of a f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 ull court of the High Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid1329493\charrsid3898563 Taylor v Key (No 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid1329493 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid1329493 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 [2014] NZ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3898563 HC 3306, [2015] NZAR 730}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
The jurisdiction may be exercised when the Court i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 s satisfied that intervention }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
is likely to improve the quality of information before the Court on issues wider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
than those that the parties may wish to address.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  Intervention has been allowed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 where the party 
seeking leave has an interest in the outcome of the case that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
will be directly or indirectly affected or even where that party has a distinctly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
arguable case that they will be affected. In such-cases, this Court has held it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
would be unjust to decide the issues in the absence of the party so affected, or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
potentially affected.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid4335361 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [20].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4335361\charrsid3898563 Seales v Attorney-General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 , Collins J identified and applied the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 principles in granting three applications for intervention in a case seeking declarations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  regarding assisted dying:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid3898563 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid3898563 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3898563  [2015] NZHC 828}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1329493 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 [45] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 First, the power to grant leave to intervene is discretionary and should be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 exercised with restraint to avoid the risk of expanding issues, elongating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 hearing and increasing the costs of the litigation.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 [46] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 S
econd, in a proceeding involving issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 s of general and wide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid3440129 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  public }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 importance, leave to intervene may be granted wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
en the Court is satisfied that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 it would be assisted by the intervener.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1329493 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1329493 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 [47] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 Third, it may be appropriate to grant leave to intervene where the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 proceeding is likely to result in the development of the law.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1329493\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1329493 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493 [48]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
Fourth, leave should not be granted when the proceeding is essentially one that involves statutory interpretation and is unlikely to involve broad}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1329493\charrsid1329493  questions of policy. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid1329493 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4335361\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4335361\charrsid4335361 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6104104 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid1080875 [D]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid6104104 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6104104\charrsid6104104 DETERMINATION

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6104104\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid6104104 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6104104 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [21].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 The principal thrust of Fiji Law Society\rquote s submission is that; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6104104\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 The contempt alleged is scandalizing the court. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11676930\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11676930\charrsid3898563 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 There is judicial recognition that the court will have an inter
est in the proceedings. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6104104\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid3898563 
Fiji Law Society seeks to provide the court with material assistance on an independent and objective basis, which is especially important given the inherent conflicts in the proceedings. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6104104\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104\charrsid6104104 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6104104 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [22].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 Mr. Narayan, counsel for the Fiji Law Society }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104  that as a judge and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 hence a member of the judiciary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid6104104 I have an interest in the proceedings as do all the judges of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 as members of the judiciary. Mr. Narayan
\rquote s position is that in proceedings where the nature of the contempt is criminal contempt scandalizing the court it is inevitable that the judge to whom the application is assigned will have an interest, which may be described as person}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3898563 al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 , in the proceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid6104104 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  Citing paragraph (39) of the High Court decision in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12126061  R v Citizens}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 
 Constitutional Forum Limited [HBC 195of 2012]}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6104104 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid290031\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid290031 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [23].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031 The Fiji Law Society\rquote s a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid7484993 llegation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031  presupposes that \lquote the court is not capable of presiding over these proceedings in an objective and impartial manner.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid290031\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031\charrsid290031 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid290031 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [24].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031 I firmly reject that assumption. It is wrong to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12126061 allege}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031  that \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid290031\charrsid3440129 in proceedings where the nature of the contempt is criminal contempt }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2621552\charrsid3440129 scandalizing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid290031\charrsid3440129  the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid12126061\charrsid3440129 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid290031\charrsid3440129  it is inevitable that the judge to whom the application is assigned will have a personal interest in the proceeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid13453169\charrsid3440129 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid290031 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
In cases such as the present, the respondent\rquote s right to a fair hearing based on the principles of natural justice are safeguarded by the procedural requirements that are prescribed by Order 52 and by the Common La
w. The adversarial system is deeply rooted within the Common Law tradition. In the strict adversarial system which we have in Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12126061 , the litigation process is seen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169  simply as a way to resolve disputes between the parties who enter into it. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\insrsid13453169 
The courts play the role of neutral adjudicators who apply the law made by the Parliament and declare the pre-existing Common Law. This is the court\rquote s sole function}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid13453169\charrsid3440129 That being so, it can properly be said that the court\rquote s decision in a particular case is nobody\rquote s business but the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\ul\insrsid13453169\charrsid12126061  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\insrsid2621552  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid2621552\charrsid3440129 The jud}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid3440129 ge as a neutral arbiter weigh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid2621552\charrsid3440129  the arguments presented by counsel in order to arrive at the resolution of a dispute. The active participan}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid3440129\charrsid3440129 ts in the process are counsel, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid2621552\charrsid3440129 who may choose to advance or refrain from adva
ncing such arguments as they see fit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\insrsid290031\charrsid12126061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13453169\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169\charrsid13453169 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid15872327 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [25].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 Moving on to the merits of the application, a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 court\rquote s assessment of an application to intervene involves weighing the likelihood the intervener will assist the court against the risk of prejudice or unfairness t
o the parties. If either party would be prejudiced by the intervention or if the intervention would create an impression of partiality, the application will not be granted. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13453169\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169\charrsid13453169 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13453169 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [26].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 The Fiji Law Society was established under Section 12 of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 he Legal Practitioners Act 1997.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13453169 he objects of the Fiji Law Society are set out in Section 12 of the Legal Practitioners Act 2009. These include: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13453169\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169\charrsid13453169 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid13453169 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-600\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3475930\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
to promote the welfare and to preserve and maintain the integrity and status of its members. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-600\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3475930\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid13453169 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-600\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3475930\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
to represent, protect and assist its members as regards conditions of practice and otherwise. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13453169\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13453169 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [27].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 The Fiji Law Society has a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid6554465 statutory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169  duty to; (1) promote the wel
fare of its members (2) to represent, protect and assist its members. The Fiji Law Society has a statutory duty to protect and assist its members including its distinguished member the respondent in the matter before me. The Fiji Law Society represents th
e interest of its members including the respondent. In the interest of its distinguished member, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 
spondent, the Fiji Law Society, is concerned about any adverse outcome of the proceedings, because a member of whose conduct is the subject of the litigation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13453169 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6554465\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [28].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 
Therefore, the Fiji Law Society is not neutral and will not remain neutral in these proceedings. That being so, the Fiji Law Society cannot provide material assistance to court on an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 
independent and objective basis. Here }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 the Fiji Law Society has a material inte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 rest at the legal issue at stake}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465  through its member. I am }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 satisfied that the submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 
 to be made on behalf of the Fiji Law Society would be made independently of the parties and would provide a different perspective for the court t
o consider when making its decision. Because the Fiji Law Society is not impartial and has no special relevant expertise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039  at the issues at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5767571 stake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465\charrsid6554465 . This court cannot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465 grant permission to the Fiji Law Society to enter the arena upon the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 purported}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465  sense of respo
nsibility for the public interest because the Fiji Law Society might move from that of purported neutral to one of partisanship and will inject arguments in the interest of its distinguished member the respondent and advance the defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 ce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465  of its distinguished member than to assist court on an objective and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 neutral}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465  basis. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 A material prejudice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039  will be caused to the Attorney}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 \endash General. The intervention would c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 reate an impression of partialities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid13377421\charrsid3429039 Therefore, the application will not be granted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 . This is guided by overall interest of Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3429039 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 he overall assessment by the court involves weighing the likelihood the interveners assist the court against the risk of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8078485 prejudice and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421  unfairness to the parties. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid13377421\charrsid3429039 
It would be just to adjudicate on the matter in dispute without the intervener being heard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 . The basic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8078485 test}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421  for intervention involves the court balancing the assistance to be provided }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13377421 
 the potential prejudice caused by the intervener}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13377421 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15950243 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  principle is identified in; (1) Capital and Merchant Finance Ltd [in re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 nd in liq] v Perpetual Trust 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid15872327  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14819038 NZHC 3205 (2) Taylor v Key [No.1] (2014) NZHC 3306 (3) Seal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 s v Attorney-General [2015]NZHC 828. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid15950243 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 
ecause the Fiji Law Society may not be impartial, its involvement in the proceedings is unnecessary and would be prejudicial to the Attorney-General. There is the possibility that Fiji Law Society\rquote s eventual position would be }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 supportive or substantially supportive of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 the respondent\rquote 
s defence. The purpose of permitting an intervention is not to assist one party in presenting its case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid4148104\charrsid15950243 
This remains the focus of the court when assessing the application to intervene}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5767571 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5767571\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid6554465 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4148104 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [29].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 The Fiji Law Society has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid4148104 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1382020  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104 
shown to this court that in the past, upon a sense of responsibility for the public interest and in the pursuit of its objectives, it has applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 
to intervene in proceedings concerning other legal practitioners who were also cha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2242739 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 ge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid15950243 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020  with contempt of court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid1382020 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15950243 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  Recently, there have been two decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 
 of the High Court given in relation to proceedings concerning Legal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14946788 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 ractitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  who were charged with contempt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3932370  \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3932370\charrsid11077938 Chaudhary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid14819038\charrsid11077938  Re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  [2019] FJHC 488, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14819038\charrsid11077938 Josaia Voreqre Bainimarama and Attorney General v Aman Ravindra Singh,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  High Court, Case No. HBC 59 of 2018, Decision 16.08.2022. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1382020\charrsid15950243 
Accordingly, I have not been convinced of the need to expand the representation before the court in this matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4148104\charrsid6554465 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6554465\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1382020 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [30].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 The respondent\rquote 
s counsel of choice is Martin Daubuey K.C. I consider that any points which the Fiji }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 Law Society may wish to advance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020  before the c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 urt in the pursuit of its objecti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 ves}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1382020  can be presented through counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020  respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6554465 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1382020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020\charrsid1382020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1382020 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [31].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 There is no suggestion that any points}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2242739  (undisclosed to court)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020  which the Fiji Law Society may wish to advance before the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327  which}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020  will not be fully and completely advanced by counsel for the respective par
ties. On any view, the submissions the Fiji Law Society proposes to make at the hearing could only support the position to be taken by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2098386 
respondent because the Fiji Law Society will not be impartial and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 Attorney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2098386  General will be prejudiced by the inte
rvention. In granting i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 ntervener status, the court must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2242739 endeavor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 
 to ensure that the parties will not be prejudiced by the intervention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid15341932 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15950243 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  In cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 where}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 
 one particular intervener might}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  not have been seen to be impartial by one of the parties, the courts have taken trouble to appoint either an amicus curiae who can make submissions to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 independently, or at least, to appoint an intervener with a contradictory policy perspective. Both Z}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327  v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 Z (No.2) [1997] 2 NZLR 258 and Br}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 yson v Three Foot Six Ltd [SC, C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 iv 24/04}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  14 AND 16.03.2005, Blanchan J] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14946788 can be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 
 seen as examples of that type of approach. On that issue, the Court of Appeal\rquote s decision in D v C [Intervention] (2001) 15 PRNZ 474 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid14819038\charrsid15950243 IS INSTRUCTIVE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14819038 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid14819038\charrsid15950243 THE GROUNDS ON WHICH THE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 
 Court of Appeal declined leave in that  case included the fact that the submissions of the intervener turned partly on the perception that interve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14946788 ntion might be perceived as fav}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 ouring one party. [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327 See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  paras (4) and (9). }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1382020 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15341932\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932\charrsid15341932 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid15341932 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [32].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 
I have not been convinced that the Fiji Law Society has unique expertise or ability to offer a different perspective from the parties. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15341932\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932\charrsid15341932 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid15341932 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [33].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 
In paragraph 3.6 of the written submission filed on behalf of the Fiji Law Society states \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15341932\charrsid15872327 In this case, the question is whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid15872327\charrsid15872327 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15341932\charrsid15872327 legal practitioner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid15872327 overstepped}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid15341932\charrsid15872327  \lquote the fine line between the tolerable and intolerable\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\i\fs24\super\insrsid15341932\charrsid15872327 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15950243 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  Citing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038 
 Citizens Constitutional Forum Limited v The Attorney-General, HBC 195 of 2021. Decision 03.05.2013. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid15872327 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 
 It is not clear to me at this stage, that the court will be required to make a finding on that. That may become clearer once the evidence/or submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5193098  are filed and served by the respondent. Therefore, that cannot be a basis and clearly not enough to warrant extending rights of hearing beyond the parties }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 to the particular 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 for intervening in the proceeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 . Besides, the court can make a finding on that issue without the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 aid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 
of the Fiji Law Society. Because, where to draw the line between tolerable and intolerable depe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243 nds o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid15950243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid15950243 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1921271 
In particular, criticism based on a complete misunderstand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1921271 
 of the functions of courts and of judicial process may be tolerated to a degree. Such criticism may, nonetheless, be adjudged to have overstepped the fine line betwee
n the tolerable and intolerable when it makes baseless accusations of incompetence, bias, improper motives, susceptibility to improper influences, or when it misrepresents court proceedings in such a way as to suggest an intention to bring ridicule upon a
 court (or Judge). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15950243 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1921271 
Where to draw the line in a particular case as to what is tolerable and intolerable must depend to some extent on the identity of the critic, the publisher and also on the audience to whom communication is addressed. Thus, less tolerance
 may be shown towards those purporting to speak with authority, or expertise, and those apparently seeking to influence the opinion of an audience who are likely to be persuaded by the views of the speaker, writer or publisher \endash 
 The Australian Judiciary, Second Edition, H.P. Lee and Enid Cambell, p-210 }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15341932 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5193098\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid5193098 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid15950243\charrsid15950243 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243\charrsid15950243 The identity of the critic.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid15950243\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15950243\charrsid15950243 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid12917566\charrsid15950243 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12917566\charrsid15950243 To}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid15950243  the audience to whom the communication is addressed. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14946788\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid15950243 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid5193098\charrsid15950243 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid15950243 
The authority and the expertise of the critic. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14946788\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid15950243 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid5193098\charrsid15950243 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid15950243 Whether the audience
 will be persuaded by the view of the statement of the critic. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5193098\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid5193098 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [34].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566 In the case before, the Fiji Law Society, has }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566 
 put emphasis on its legal expertise, as indicative of its ability to give the court significant assistance on the legal issue at stake.
 It is unusual for the court to regard the foreshadowed legal content alone as demonstrating the necessary likely value of an intervener\rquote 
s contribution. The court expects an applicant for intervention to submit an affidavit outlining the general experience and expertise which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566 believes can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid12917566 assist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5193098\charrsid12917566  the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid12917566 In the present case no affidavit has been provided. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1921271\charrsid12917566 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1921271\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1921271\charrsid1921271 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1775112\charrsid1921271 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [35].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid1921271 The principal purpose of litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid1921271 
 to resolve disputes between parties and to allow outsiders to participate has been seen by the Court as creating a risk of expansion of issues, elongation of appellate hearings and overall increase in the cost of litigation to parties. More recently, the
 Court has however, recognized that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid7484993 in some special situations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid1921271 
 the power to permit intervention can constructively be exercised more liberally, while emphasizing \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid7484993 
that does not mean that it should ever be exercised as a matter of course or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid12917566\charrsid7484993 lightly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid12917566 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15872327 New }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566 Zea
land Fire Service Commission v Ivamy (1995) 8 PRNZ 632 at p }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566 633.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12917566 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid1921271  

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13051020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid13051020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13051020 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [36].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 In paragraph 3.6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 (a) of the written submission filed on behalf of the Fiji Law Society }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7484993 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 tates: 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13051020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid13051020\charrsid13051020 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid13051020 \'85
. the substantive outcome of this proceeding will have important precedent effected, so it is appropriate that the Fiji Law Society participates in order to perform its \lquote special interest\rquote  statutory functions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13051020 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1775112\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid13051020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13051020\charrsid12917566 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [37].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid12917566 
Clearly this is not enough to warrant extending rights of hearing beyond the parties to the dispute in the present case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12917566 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12917566\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12917566 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [38].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12917566 n the
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566  case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15872327  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 New Zealand Fire Service Commission (supra) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 the Court granted an application by an association of employers to i
ntervene in an appeal which was concerned with rights under employment legislation to representation in employment contract negotiations. This was a subject at the heart of the relevant legislation and the Court considered it reasonable to grant the reque
st. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid4921972 In doing so it reiterated that intervention by such an association would not be appropriate simply because the outcome might establish a principle of importance to members
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 . The Court said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid12917566 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566 at p 633}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 : 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12917566\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid1775112 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12917566\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 \'93
An interest group such as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  the Employers Federation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 is able to help its members }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 providing advice and information for those involved in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 litigation. Normally there is no need or reason for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788 
organization}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788  as such}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 
participate in the hearing. Moreover many cases, in the field of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 employment l
aw as in other fields, raise questions of principle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 
transcending the particular facts and are likel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788 y to be relevant as precedents, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 
and as expositions of principle for other cases also; and that alone is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 
ordinarily clearly not enough to warrant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788  extending rights of hearing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid14946788 beyond the parties }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788 to the particular dispute.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1775112 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid14946788\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid14946788 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [39].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 Subsequently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid12917566 , in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14946788\charrsid2621552 Wellington City Council}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid16544895  v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14946788\charrsid2621552  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid2621552 Woolworths New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid14946788\charrsid2621552  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid2621552 Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\ul\super\insrsid12917566\charrsid2621552 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid12917566 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12917566\charrsid12917566 1996] 2 NZLR 436}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 
, the Court permitted a national association of local}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid12917566  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 
authorities to intervene in an appeal concerning the operation by a local}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid12917566  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 
authority of a differential rating system. The C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14946788\charrsid12917566 ourt did so because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid14946788\charrsid7484993 it saw the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid7484993 appeal as raising issues of general principle and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid14946788\charrsid7484993  public policy which were of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid1775112\charrsid7484993 fundamental importance to local authorities in the field of rating.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1775112\charrsid12917566 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13051020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16544895 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [40].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895  As I said before, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 
here is jurisdiction for this court to grant leave for an interested party to intervene in proceedings before the court. Exercise of the discretion enables the court to obtain assistance
 from a non-party in order to improve the quality of information available to court on wider issues than the parties may wish to address. In granting intervener status, the court must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2621552 endeavor}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020  to ensure that the parties will not be prejudiced by the intervention. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 
It is not possible for this court to identify in advance the situations in which the court will be assisted by submission that will not or may not be presented by one of the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13051020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid13051020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [41].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 There are 2053 registered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid8078485\charrsid11883838 practicing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838  Lawyers in Fiji. The
 Fiji Law Society has not provided to the court as to the number of Legal Practitioners registered as members in the Fiji Law Society. The court is cognizant of the fact that the Fiji Law Society }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 does not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 represent a significant number and sector of the Fiji Legal profession a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13847377 nd therefore, Fiji Law Society does not represent the interests of a significant number and sector of legal profession in Fiji. That being so, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14814706 its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14814706\charrsid11883838 perspective}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 , with respect, is not of considerable interes
t to the court. Besides, the Fiji Law Society has no statutory function to facilitate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 dmi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 nistration of Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 Fiji [S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 ee Section 13 of the Legal Practitioner Act 2009}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4921972  for its statutory functions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13051020\charrsid11883838 ]. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid5200992\charrsid11883838 Therefore, the court would not welcome the involvement of the Fiji Law Society}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid5200992\charrsid11883838 . As  per Section 13 of the Legal Practitioner Act 2009, the Fiji Law Society\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 object}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid11883838 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5200992\charrsid11883838  include: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5200992\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5200992\charrsid5200992 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5200992\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5200992 (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5200992\charrsid5200992 \tab to assist the Government in all matters affecting legislation and law reform. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5200992 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5200992\charrsid5200992 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6240296 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [42].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 The bodies such as Fiji Law Society may brin
g political motivation to the litigation in which they t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838 ak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 
e part in the sense that their purpose is often to have the currently understood state of the law changed depending on the context. The policy decision of this kind are generally the role of the legislature assisted by the executive government. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6240296\charrsid7484993 This is a further factor reinforcing the court\rquote s restraint in allowing those not parties to th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid16544895\charrsid7484993 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6240296\charrsid7484993  case to participate in the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5200992 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6240296\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6240296 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [43].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 As noted, the Fiji Law Society seeks to intervene on public interest grounds. 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6240296\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296\charrsid6240296 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid6240296 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [44].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 The Attorney-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 General
\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296  role as the guardian of the public interest is particularly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 important}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid6240296  in this case. The role of the Attorney-General on guardian of the public interest was explained in the following uncompromising terms by Lord }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 Wilberforce}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296  in \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid6240296\charrsid4195990 Gouriet v Union of Post Office Work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16544895 rs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid6240296 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14819038 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14819038  [1978] AC 435 [HL] AT 477 
\par See also; Locus Standi and the Public Interest by Dianne L. Haskett, Canada \endash  United States Law Journal, Vol 4, January 1981, at page 75 }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6240296 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4195990\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990\charrsid4195990 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4195990\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4195990\charrsid4195990 \'93It is the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul\insrsid4195990\charrsid11883838 exclusive right}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4195990\charrsid4195990 
 of the Attorney-General to represent the public interest even where individuals might be interest in a larger view of the matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid11883838 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid4195990\charrsid4195990  is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid11883838 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4195990\charrsid4195990 not technical, not procedural, not fictional. It is constitutional.\'94 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4195990\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab [Emphasis added]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838\charrsid4195990 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4195990 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [45].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 It is clear that the Attorney-General is the person who has the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid4195990 exclusive responsibility }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 for protecting the public interest in this case. I am sure that
 the Fiji Law Society does not have an interest upon sense of public interest that extends beyond the interests of the Attorney-General. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4195990\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4195990 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [46].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990 
I fail to see how I can be assisted by the Fiji Law Society presenting submissions on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14946788 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4195990  topic of public inter
est which the Attorney General intends to address. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11883838\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid11883838 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [47].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838 I was referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 \lquote Andrew Borrowdale v Director General of Health and Attorney General\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\b\fs24\ul\super\insrsid16544895 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid16544895 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16544895  (2020) NZHC 1379}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11883838 
in which New Zealand Law Society is granted leave to intervene. In this case Mr. Borrowdale challenged the legality of restriction imposed by the New Zealand Government on the public in response to the Convid-19 pandemic (the restrictions). Mr. Borrowdale
\rquote s application was for Judicial Review and the New Zealand Law Society sought leave to intervene. The relevant issues in \lquote 
Andrew Borrowdale involved administrative law, statutory interpretation and constitutional issues and the New Zealand High Court grante}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 d leave to intervene primarily on the following grounds ;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11883838\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid11883838 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid11883838 
The New Zealand Law Society represents over 98% per cent of Lawyers holding New Zealand practicing certificate and therefore its perspective was of considerable interest to court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid16662517 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid16662517\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517\charrsid11883838 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid11883838 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid11883838 The court was satisfied that the court would be assisted by submissions 
of New Zealand Law Society which would call }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid16662517 
on the expertise of 16 specialist National Committees and, in particular, will be able to draw on specialist expertise in constitutional, public and human rights law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid16662517 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16662517\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517\charrsid16662517 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \f3\insrsid16662517 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid16662517 
There was no risk of prejudice and unfairness to the parties by the intervention. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11883838\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid11883838 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid11038489\charrsid12788829 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [48].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13971036\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11038489\charrsid12788829 In \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid11038489\charrsid12788829 Lecretia Seales v The Attorney-General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\b\fs24\ul\super\insrsid12788829 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid12788829\charrsid12788829 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12788829\charrsid12788829  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12788829\charrsid12788829 [2015] NZHC}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid11038489\charrsid12788829 , the court granted applications made by Care Alliance (a broad coalition established in 2012 to oppose euthanasia and assisted suicide) and the Human Rights Commission for leave to intervene in the proceedings. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12788829 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13971036\charrsid12788829 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [49].\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid12788829 
Ms Seales is a 42 year old woman, who is dying from a brain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4474754\charrsid12788829 tumor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13971036 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13971036 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13971036 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13971036  Dr Hamilton, Ms Seales\rquote  oncologist has explained Ms Seales has \'93
diffuse astrocytoma ... with elements of an oligodendroglioma. This combination is often abbreviated to \lquote oligoastrocytoma. Both astrocytoma ... and oligodendroglioma grow diffusely and infiltrate the brain\'94
. Affidavit of D A Hamilton, 2 April 2015 at [7]-[8].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid12788829 .  Ms Seales\rquote  life expectancy is difficult to predict because brain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4474754\charrsid12788829 tumors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid12788829  vary greatly in their behaviour. As at 2 April 2015 Ms Seales\rquote  oncologist estimate
d she could expect to live somewhere between three and 18 months.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13971036\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [50].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13971036\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036 Ms Seales\rquote  brain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4474754\charrsid13971036 tumor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036 
 was diagnosed in March 2011. Since then Ms Seales has undergone surgery, courses of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.  Despite this treatment Ms Seales\rquote  oncologist is confident her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4474754\charrsid13971036 tumor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036  is inoperable and that while further treatment may temporarily halt or even slow progression of the brain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4474754\charrsid13971036 tumor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036\charrsid13971036 , it will ultimately cause Ms Seales\rquote  death. In his affidavit, Ms Seales\rquote 
 oncologist also explains that usually it is possible to provide palliative relief to patients in Ms Seales\rquote  circumstances to reduce the effects of pain, nausea and seizures.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid13971036 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13971036 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid13971036 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13971036 
 It is anticipated further evidence from a palliative care specialist will be provided before the
\par substantive hearing.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13971036 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [51].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 Ms Seales \'93
wishes to have the choice to die by way of facilitated aid in dying or administered aid in dying at the point that she reaches a state of suffering that is intolerable to her as a result of her grievous and terminal illness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444 \'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [52].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 Ms Seales s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16544895 ought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444  two alternative sets of declarations under the Declaratory }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444 Judgments Act 1908. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [53].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
The first set of declarations sought by Ms Seales involves two aspects of the criminal law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 The court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 refer}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 red}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444  to those declarations as \'93the criminal law declarations\'94 although }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16544895 the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 appreciate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
 that s 6 of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 (NZBORA) is relevant to the criminal law declarations. The alternative sets of declarations primarily relate to the NZBORA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 The court }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 refer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 red}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444  to those declarations as \'93the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444  Bill of Rights declarations\'94. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16544895 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [54].\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 Ms Seales asked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16544895 the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 issue declarations to the effect that in her circumstances Seales
\rquote  doctor would not commit a criminal offence by either assisting Ms Seales in ending her own life, or by committing an ac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444 t that ends Ms Seales\rquote  life. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [55].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid4337444 
Specifically the two criminal law declarations sought by Ms Seales are:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4337444  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7211020\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7211020\charrsid7211020 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (1)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls16\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 
In circumstances where the Court is satisfied that the plaintiff is a competent adult who:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4337444\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 i\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 clearly consents to the facilitated aid in dying; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 ii\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 has a grievous and terminal illness that causes enduring}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 suffering that is intolerable to her in the circumstances of her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 illness, facilitated aid in dying is not prohibited by section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395  179 of the Crimes Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 (2)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls16\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444\charrsid1716395 
In circumstances where the Court is satisfied that the plaintiff is a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395  competent adult who: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid4337444 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 i.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395 Clearly consents to the administered aid in dying; and
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 ii.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2880\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395 Has a grievous and terminal illness that c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs24\insrsid16676061 auses enduring suffering that is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395  intolerable to her in the circumstances of her illness, administered aid in dying is not unlawful under section 160 of the Crime}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid16676061 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395  Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11038489\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11038489 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [56].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 
In his affidavit in support of the application by Care Alliance, Dr Kleinsman explains that the evidence which it wishes to put before the Court covers the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1716395 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 ollowing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1716395  topics:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid1716395 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs18\super\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 Affidavit of J Kleinsman}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1716395 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1716395\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 1).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The impact of the proposed orders on the practice of palliative care in New Zealand.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 2).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The impact of the proposed orders on the medical profession and the ethics of medical practice in New Zealand.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 3).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 The impact of the proposed orders on disabled people.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 4).\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The impact of the proposed orders on people who are elderly and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 infirm, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 with parti
cular reference to t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 he issues facing this group in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 New Zealand.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 5).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The impact of the proposed orders on those suffering from mental}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
illness, including depression, and in particular on the issue of youth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 suicide \emdash 
 again with particular reference to these issues in the New}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 Zealand context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12788829\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid12788829\charrsid12788829 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 6).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The impact of the proposed orders on others suffering chronic or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 terminal illnesses.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 7).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
The ethical concerns and wider social impacts that ought to be taken}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  into}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
 account in any assessment of the proposed law change, including}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 issues particular to New Zea}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 land\rquote s multi-cultural context. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 8).\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 The nature of palliative care tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 t is available to people in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 New Zealand in situations similar to Ms Seales, which would provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 a fourth option to the three she lists in her statement of claim.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2117360 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f31506\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 9).\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid1716395\charrsid2117360 Any other issues that might be of assistance to the Court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid1716395 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16676061\charrsid16676061 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [57].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16676061\charrsid16676061 In Seales,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16676061  the Attorney-General did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  not oppose the applic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 ations to intervene and suggested that he}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  would be assisted in receiving submissions and/or evidence from the proposed interveners. In support of this aspect of hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 
s case the Attorney-General said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1011788  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid1011788\charrsid1011788 Seales}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
 that allowing the applications to intervene would enable the Court to receive information that the parties might not be in a position to pr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 ovide. The Attorney-General said that}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360  intervention on this basis would be consistent with the interests of justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16676061 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [58].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid16676061 
Seales}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360  case involve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3425005 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360  human rights. In that case, the proposed interveners put 
emphasis on their legal expertise in human rights jurisprudence, as indicative of their ability to give the court significant assistance on the issues raised by the case. Besides, in New Zealand third party intervention in cases involving especially human
 right}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 s and public law litigation are more likely to be granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2117360\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360\charrsid2117360 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16662517 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [59].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 In the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 
case before me, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061  Attorney \endash  General vigorously opposed the application. Here the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16662517  risk of prejudice and unfairness to the Attorney-General is greater by the inter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 vention of the Fiji Law Society}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 
 because the Fiji Law Society may not be impartial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4474754  Moreover, no attempt has been made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984 
by the Fiji Law Society to demonstrate to this court as to what are the points which the Fiji Law Society may wish to advance before this court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932  As I said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16676061 before, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932 the Fiji Law Society has not shown to this court that in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061 past,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid12396932  upon a sense of responsibility for the public interest and in the pursuit of its objectives, it has applied to intervene in proceedings concerning other legal practitioners who were also charged with contempt of court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984  In the circumstances, it is doubtless true that the Fiji Law Society is seeking to intervene in litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16676061  before me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984  with the objective of influencing the court in order to attain what they perceive to be a favorable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932  outcome. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2242739 I have a strong sense that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932 hey }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2242739 might move }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932 
to play an active advocacy role by persuading the court to resolve one or more of the issues raised in the litigation in a manner that they consider desirable. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2242739 With respect, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932 his means of influencing judicial decisions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid12396932\charrsid12396932 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12396932\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12396932\charrsid12396932 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid7869243 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [60].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243 
I believe that the recognition of interests extending beyond those of the parties to the litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243 before me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3425005  which is not a public litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7869243\charrsid2621552 which does }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\ul\insrsid7869243\charrsid2621552 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7869243\charrsid2621552  involve human rights or judicial review}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2621552\charrsid2621552  \endash  iss
ues of broad inte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7211020 rest to the population at large}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243\charrsid7211020 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243 
 forces this court to transform the proceedings into something akin to legislative hearing. Courts are not equipped to act as roving commissions established for the improvement of our legal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14947370 
system,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243  nor does anyone want them to be. Of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15285461 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243 
ourse there is some value in attempting to come to grips with difficult and complex issues in the context }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14947370 
of a concrete situation, and the courts wisely have been reluctant to attempt to resolve points of law in a factual vacuum.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid14947370 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid14947370 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14947370  See; McEvoy  V  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15285461 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14947370 ttorney \endash 
 General  of New Brunswick (1983) 1 S.C.R 704 , Re Authority of Parliament in relation to the Upper house (1980) 1 S.C.R 54}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14947370  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7869243   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid14766984\charrsid14766984 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa160\sl259\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14766984\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14766984\charrsid14766984 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\insrsid16662517 \hich\af31506\dbch\af0\loch\f31506 [61].\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5855568\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 As noted above Borrowdale is a Judicial Review [Public Law] case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4474754 Seales case involves human rights. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 The judicial review }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4474754 and human rights}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517  cases have the potential to impact a wider range of parties and are more likely to give rise to issues requiring development of the law, so the potential for intervention is greater. T
he more significant and multi-faceted the public policy implications of decision, the more likely it is that a multiplicity of perspectives, rather than binary argument, will assist the court. That has been so in cases raising issues of assisted dying, te
aching Christianity in public schools, earthquake recovery, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2117360 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517  crown\rquote 
s overlapping trendy claims policy and the validity of the total allowable catch for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid610600 fish}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid10186086 stocks}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\fs24\super\insrsid16662517 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid610600 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs18\super\insrsid16662517 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16662517  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid610600 SEE: Aotearoa Water }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10186086 Action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15285461  Inc [2019] NZHC 3187 , Seales v Attorney-General (supra), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid610600 McC
lintock v Attorney-General of New Zealand [2015] NZHC 1280; Independent Fisheries Ltd v Minister for Canterbury Earthquake Recovery [2012] NZHC 1177; Ngati Whatua Orakei Trust v Attorney G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10186086 
eneral [2019] NZHC 2363; Royal F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid610600 orest and Bird Protections Society of New Zealand Inc v Minister of Fisheries [2020] NZHC 741}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid11883838\charrsid16662517 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16662517 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517 CONCLUSION 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517\charrsid610600 I have not been convinced that this is an appropriate case on which to give the leave sought. 
\par 
\par The application is accordingly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7484993 refused.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517\charrsid610600 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16662517 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16662517\charrsid610600 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85..

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16662517\charrsid610600 Jude Nanayakkara
\par JUDGE 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid16662517 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16662517 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid610600\charrsid610600 High Court \endash  Suva}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16662517\charrsid610600 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid610600\charrsid610600 Wednesday, 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\super\insrsid610600\charrsid610600 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid610600\charrsid610600 
 October, 2022 
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