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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 AT LAUTOKA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616 MISCELLANEOUS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362  JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid8669616 CRIMINAL }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid8669616  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616\charrsid8669616 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid3748466 07}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid8669616  OF 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid8669616 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab \tab :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616 ASHISH ASMEET NARAYAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616 APPLICANT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid8669616 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 A N D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab \tab \tab :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616\charrsid13519728 THE STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid8669616 RESPONDENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid8669616 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 Counsel\tab \tab \tab :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 M.N.S. Khan for the Applicant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 s. L. Lat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8669616  for the Respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 Date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362  of Hearing\tab \tab :\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 September}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 and 07 October, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid15486460 Date of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 \tab :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 11 October}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 , 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13729362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 
_________________________________________________________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4072028\charrsid13729362 ______}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13729362 ___}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362                                         }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs36\insrsid8669616 JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 _________________________________________________________________}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4072028\charrsid13729362 ________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13729362 ___}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 BACKGROUND INFORMATION }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 [1]\tab The applicant is charged in the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court at Ba with one count of dangerous driving occasioning death contrary to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13121842 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 ection 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid11486731 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7931899 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616  2(c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid7931899 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616   5(a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 (8) and 114 of the Land Transport Act No. 35 of 1998}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218  as per }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7931899 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 amended charge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7931899 
 filed in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4868903 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 [2]\tab After trial the applicant was convicted by the learned Magistrate and on 17}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid8669616\charrsid8669616 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8669616  August, 2020 he was sentenced to 2 \'bd years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13121842  imprisonment with a non-parole }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5732218 period of 1 year and 9 months. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 
In addition to the imprisonment term the applicant was ordered to pay a fine of $1,000.00 with a consecutive default sentence of 3 months and 10 days.  He was also disqualified from driving for a period of 1 year.
\par 
\par [3]\tab Being aggrieved by the conviction and sentence the applicant through his counsel appealed to the High Court.
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid8669616 HIGH COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 
\par 
\par [4]\tab In the High Court, Morais J after hearing the appeal on 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid8669616\charrsid8669616 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 
 March, 2021 set aside the conviction and sentence and ordered a speedy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10643333 new trial on the amended charge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6571098 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6571098 COURT OF APPEAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6571098 
\par 
\par [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6571098 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10643333 On 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\super\insrsid10643333\charrsid6571098 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10643333  March, 2021 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6571098 he applicant being dissatisfied with the decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11486731  of the High Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 filed a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4285415 timely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10643333 second tier }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 appeal in the Court of App}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10643333 eal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6571098 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid6571098 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 [6]\tab After hearing the appeal the Acting Resident Justice of Appeal made the following orders:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8669616 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6319119 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 \'93(1)\tab 
Appeal (bearing No. AAU 39 of 2021) is allowed to proceed to the full }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 ourt on the question of law identified in the Ruling.

\par 
\par (2)\tab An order to stay criminal proceedings in Ba Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 ourt case No. 2051 of 2016 is refused.
\par 
\par (3)\tab An order to vacate the hearing date already fixed for 25 October 2021 in Ba Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 ourt case No. 2051 of 2016 is refused.
\par 
\par (4)\tab An order that Ba Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6877 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 ourt case No. 2051 of 2016 should not be dealt with by the Resident Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11368484  is refused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11368484 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6319119\charrsid4338056 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6319119 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 [7]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13121842 It is accepted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
 that the orders in respect of stay pending appeal and recusal of the learned Magistrate have not been decided on merits but refused due to lack of jurisdiction.
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid88624\charrsid88624 FRESH }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4338056 APPLICATION IN THE HIGH COURT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
\par 
\par [8]\tab On 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid4338056\charrsid4338056 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056  September, 2021 by Notice of Motion and supporting affidavit of the applicant sworn on 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid4338056\charrsid4338056 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056  September, 2021 the applicant sought the following orders.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 (1)\tab 
That there be a stay of the proceedings in Ba Magistrate\rquote s Court Traffic Case No. 2051 of 2016, until the final determination of the Appeal to the Court of Appeal against the Judgment of the High Court at Lautoka in Criminal Appeal No. 52 of 2020.

\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid4338056 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 (2)\tab That this matter be taken off the list at the Ba Magistrate\rquote 
s Court until the final determination of the Appeal to the Fiji Court of Appeal or ALTERNATIVELY the matter be adjourned until the final determination of my Appeal to the Fiji Court of Appeal.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid4338056 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 (3)\tab That there be a stay of the proceedings in Ba Magistrate\rquote 
s Court Traffic Case No. 2051 of 2016 until the final determination of this Application.
\par 
\par (4)\tab That the Hearing date assigned in the matter for 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\super\insrsid4338056\charrsid4338056 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
 October 2021 be vacated and the matter be stayed pending the final determination of the Appeal in the matter.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid4338056 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 (5)\tab That the matter ought not to be called in any way be dealt with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid2251411 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 the Learned Magistrate, His Worship Mr Samuela Qica in any manner whatsoever and/or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 
howsoever and/or the matter be transferred to another Magistrate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid10055810 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 (6)\tab That there be an interim Order with respect to Orders 1 to 5 sought hereinabove 
until the final determination of this Notice of Motion.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid10055810 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 (7)\tab That time for service of this Notice of Motion be abridged.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid10055810 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 (8)\tab That the earliest Hearing date be assigned for the Hearing of this Notice of Motion.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid10055810 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4338056 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 (9)\tab Such further and/or other relief that this Honourable Court may seem just and proper.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10055810 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 [9]\tab The applicant\rquote s counsel submitted that this 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4285415 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 ourt has the jurisdiction to hear the application for stay pending appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15810466 and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid88624 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2127165 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15810466 recusal of the learned Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14239437  from hearing the matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15810466 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059\charrsid6771059 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 [10]\tab 
Counsel relies on paragraph 32 of the Court of Appeal Ruling that the High Court under its inherent and supervisory jurisdiction can hear the stay application.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 
\par [11]\tab For ease of reference the above paragraph is reproduced as follows:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11368484 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 \'93Thus, I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689 would conclude that the appellant\rquote s application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689 stay proceedings in the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court at Ba cannot be granted by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2127165 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689 
Court.  There is sufficient authority in Fiji that the appellant could apply to the High Court under its inherent and supervisory jurisdiction for a stay of proceedings in the Magistrates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2127165 \rquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689  Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2127165 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689  if he so wishes [for example as in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid15423689 Nacagi v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid15423689  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 2014}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 ] FJCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11368484  54; Misc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid14239437 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11368484  Action 0040.2011 (17 April, 2014)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid11368484 \'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6771059 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5908288 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5908288 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 [12]\tab A perusal of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid5908288\charrsid11957050 Nacagi\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288  case reveals that Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 
 Nacagi and others had made an application under the inherent and supervisory jurisdiction of the High Court for a permanent stay of proceedings in the Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 s Court on the ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11957050 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288  of post charge delay.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5908288 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288\charrsid5908288 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5908288 [13]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid11080709 The applications were refused by the High Court, upon appeal to the Court of Appeal the Justice of Appeal dismissed the appeal on the basis that the appellants did not have a right of appeal from an interlocutory order.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11368484 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 
\par [14]\tab Both counsel filed written submissions and also made oral submissions virtually for which this court is grateful.
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid14377648 DETERMINATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid14377648 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 [15]\tab Both counsel were obviously at a disagreement on whether paragraph 32 above }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6306358 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 applied to stay of proceedings pending appeal.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid14377648 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 [16]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8865484 As a matter of law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12015313 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8865484  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 the Court of Appeal presided by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12015313 a single }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8865484 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 ustice of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8865484 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 ppeal d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15032506 oes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648  not have the jurisdiction to consider the two applications which are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12015313 now }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 before this court.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5967994 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14239437 [17]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15032506 The intimation upon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8074130 my }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 reading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8074130 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10239918 32 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15032506 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648  the Court of Appeal }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15032506 ruling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 is about permanent stay of proceedings in the lower court and not about stay pending appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid10239918 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8074130 Furthermore, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 he case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid8074130 Nacagi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10239918  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 is a case of permanent stay of proceedings in the Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14757543 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8074130  Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5967994 
\par [18]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5967994 he substantive appeal is before the full bench of the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7083485 after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 Morais}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5967994  J. had dealt with the appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid10239918 from the Magistrate\rquote s Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5967994 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15890564 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5967994  merits}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15890564  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 Since t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14757543 here is}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674 no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 before t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15890564 his court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 I am unable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674 assess }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14757543 the factors that need }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12744218 to be considered for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674 stay pending appeal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4456487 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 
19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 ]\tab There is a notable difference between an applic
ation for permanent stay of proceedings in the lower court and stay pending appeal.  The factors that ought to be satisfied are also different.  In respect of a permanent stay application the High Court exercises its inherent jurisdiction and/or superviso
ry/review jurisdiction whereas for stay pending appeal the court normally exercises its appellate jurisdiction.
\par 
\par [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 ]\tab 
For permanent stay application an applicant must establish his or her allegation relating to prosecutorial misconduct or delay or abuse of process (s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
ee Tevita Nalawa vs. State, Criminal Appeal No. CAV 0002 of 2009).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4456487 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4456487 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 
1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid2229486 For }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
stay pending appeal, an appellant has to file a petition of appeal to invoke the appellate jurisdiction of the court appealed to and must satisfy the appellate court of the following: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 (see Natural Waters of Viti Ltd vs. Crystal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 lear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 ineral Water }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 Fiji) Ltd, ABU 0011 of 2004 (18 March, 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 5)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid2251411 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid7296004 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4456487 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid4393312 a)\tab 
If no stay is granted, the applicant\rquote s right of appeal will be rendered nugatory; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4456487 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4456487\charrsid4393312 \tab b)\tab 
Whether the successful party will be injuriously affected by the stay;
\par \tab c)\tab The bona fides of the applicants as to the prosecution of the appeal;
\par \tab d)\tab The effect on third parties;
\par \tab e)\tab The novelty and importance of questions involved;
\par \tab f) \tab The public interest in the proceeding;
\par \tab g)\tab The overall balance of convenience and the status quo.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648\charrsid9593730 
In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1259505 my view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1259505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 the full }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1259505 bench of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 Court of Appeal would be in a better position to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 determine }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487  for stay pending appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 
since it has the jurisdiction to hear the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5324625 substantive }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 and the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5324625 refore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 able to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 decide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648  merits.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 
The learned counsel for the applicant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 argued that since the matter was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 now }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 before the full bench it was reason enough to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 say }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 that the grounds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 of appeal presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5324625 by the applicant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7430041 were meritorious.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15498556  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10844018 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10844018 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15337300 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10844018 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1259505 I d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1867396 isagree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1259505 , t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 he fact that the applicant
\rquote s appeal is before the full bench of the Court of Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 oes not automatically mean that the appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid5324625 will be decided in favour of the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15498556 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10844018 In this regard this court endorses the observations made by the J}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674 ustice of Appeal in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14556206 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15467674 ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14556206  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14643156 at paragraphs 27 and 28:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1130398 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14643156 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 Paragraph 27 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\insrsid14556206\charrsid14643156  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\insrsid14643156 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12190140 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid10948850 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 
It is not clear what the amended charge against the appellant in the Magistrates court was; whether the appellant had effectively met the substance of the amended charge during the trial though it had 
not been formally read over to him and his plea not taken is also not clear. These might be some relevant factors to be considered by the full court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid10948850 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12190140 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 Paragraph 28
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12190140 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid10948850 \'93}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid14643156 Since it cannot be ascertained from the impugned judgment of the High Court as to what con
siderations, legal and otherwise, had persuaded the High Court judge to order a retrial, it is not possible to determine at this stage whether the judge had applied the correct legal principles in arriving at his decision. This would amount to a question 
of law which can proceed to the full court. Other legal issues identified earlier could be considered in the same context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156\charrsid10948850 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14643156 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2705255 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 [2
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 ]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid157084 Ratu Orisi Bokini }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid157084\charrsid157084 vs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid157084  The State, Criminal Appeal No. AAU001 of 1999S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 
, the Court of Appeal said that where an appeal has been validly brought, the High Court ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255  the power to order a stay pending appeal. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4393312 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 in this regard stated }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 
\par \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2705255 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 
The High Court has inherent power to control its own process and to ensure that holding measures are taken pending the hearing of the appeal to enable the exercise of its appella}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid157084 te}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255  jurisdiction to be meaningful. See for example, in the context of a statutory right of appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid2705255 Pinson v Pinson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255  (1991) 5 P. R. NZ 177. There Smellie J granted a stay of execution pending the hearing of an appeal from the Family Court t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid140687 o the High Court of New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 .
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid157084 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15337300 2}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid157084 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348 In view of the above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348  there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348 valid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 or substantive }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348 appeal before th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid2229486 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348 ourt to enable }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348  to consider a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4393312 n application for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid2705255\charrsid97348 stay pending appeal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10948850 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12190140 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid9439056 RECUSAL APPLICATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14377648 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14712597 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid9439056 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6771059 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15337300 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 The applicant\rquote s counsel also submitted that when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 retrial was ordered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4393312 by this court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 the same learned }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7083485 Magistrate,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056  who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050  heard the matter previously}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9439056  refused to transfer the file to another Magistrate and has assigned a hearing date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050  for 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid8393050\charrsid8393050 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050  October, 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056  
\par [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 ]\tab It is unfortunate that the applicant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 not file a formal application for recusal despite being asked by the learned Magistrate to do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 
ad this been done a much clear picture would have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16342012  emerged in respect of this issue.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15215683 In my view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15215683  it is for the learned Magistrate concerned to decide whether he would recuse himself or not guided by the established principles of law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid16342012 Be that as it may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16342012 
 this court wishes to bring to the attention of the learned Magistrate paragraphs 35 and 36 of the Court of Appeal ruling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8848589  which is noteworthy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 :}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9439056 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10948850 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\insrsid10948850\charrsid9315589 Paragraph 35 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4338056 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 
It may be pertinent for the Resident Magistrate ex mero motu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589\charrsid7813458  (of his own motion) or on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 an application by the appellant  to carefully consider the observations and apply the principles expressed by the High Court of Australia in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 LIVESEY v. NEW SOUTH WALES BAR ASSOCIATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 
 (1983) 151 CLR 288 20 May 1983 in this regard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 
\par \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid7813458 7. It was common ground between the parties to the present appeal that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 the principle to be applied in a case such as the present is that laid down in the majority judgment in Reg. v. Watson; Ex parte Armstrong
\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/article/66607" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 (1976) 136 CLR 248}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 , at pp\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 
 HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/article/66607/section/9213" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 258-263}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
That principle is that a judge should not sit to hear a case if in all the circumstances the parties or the public might entertain a reasonable apprehension that
 he might not bring an impartial and unprejudiced mind to the resolution of the question involved in it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
. That principle has subsequently been applied in this Court (see, e.g., Re Judge Leckie; Ex parte Felman\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 
 HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2347925"\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 (1977) 52 ALJR 155}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 , at p\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2347925/section/140231" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 158}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~; Reg. v. Shaw; Ex parte Shaw\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 
 HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2310198" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 (1980) 55 ALJR 12}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 , at pp\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2310198/section/14\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 0641" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 14}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 ,\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 
 HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2310198/section/139938" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 16}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~
) and in the Supreme Court of New South Wales (see, e.g., Barton v. Walker\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/article/800337" }}{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 (1979) 2 NSWLR 740}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 , at pp\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 
 HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/article/800337/section/5191" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 748-749}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~. Although statements of the principle commonl}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
y speak of "suspicion of bias", we prefer to avoid the use of that phrase because it sometimes conveys unintended nuances of meaning. (at p294)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
8.  In a case such as the present where there is no allegation of actual bias, the question whether a judge who is confident of his own ability to determine the case before him fairly and impartially on the evidence should refrain from sitting because of 
a suggestion that the views which he has expressed in his judgment in some previous case may result in an appearance of pre-judgment can be a difficult one involving matters "of degree and particular circumstances may strike different minds in different w
ays" (per Aickin J. in Shaw\~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "https://jade.io/citation/2684264" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 (1980) 55 ALJR, at p 16}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
If a judge at first instance considers that there is any real possibility that his participation in a case might lead to a reasonable apprehension of pre
-judgment or bias, he should, of course, refrain from sitting. On the other hand, it would be an abdication of judicial function and an encouragement of procedural abuse for a judge to adopt the approach that he should automatically disqualify himself whe
n
ever he was requested by one party so to do on the grounds of a possible appearance of pre-judgment or bias, regardless of whether the other party desired that the matter be dealt with by him as the judge to whom the hearing of the case had been entrusted
 by the ordinary procedures and practice of the particular court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
Once it is accepted that a judge should not automatically stand aside whenever he is requested so to do, it is inevitable that appellate courts, removed from the pressure of a possible need f
or immediate decision and enjoying the advantages both of hindsight and, conceivably, further material and information, will on occasion conclude that a decision of a judge at first instance that he should sit was mistaken and has resulted in a situation 
w
here one of the parties or a fair-minded observer might entertain a reasonable apprehension of bias or prejudgment. Such a conclusion does not involve any personal criticism of the judge at first instance or any assessment of his qualities or of his abili
t
y to have dealt with the case before him fairly and without pre-judgment or bias. It is simply an instance of the ordinary working of the appellate process in which the views of the judges who constitute the appellate court prevail over the views of the j
udge or judges who constituted the court from which the appeal is brought. (at p295).\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1130398\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589\charrsid9315589 Paragraph 36}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 In }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 Verma v State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 
 [2021] FJCA 17; AA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589\charrsid14296290 U166.2016 (14 January 2021) the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 complaint of the appellants was th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9315589\charrsid14296290 
at the Magistrate also presided }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 over the civil 
proceedings that involved similar facts and evidence and therefore should have recused him of the criminal trial against the appellants. The Court of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2251411\charrsid14296290 Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 
 referred to the following decisions in the Ruling which too may be relevant to the Resident Magistrate in dealing with the appellants\rquote  situation.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid14296290 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \lquote [18]\tab Therefore, following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
Tokoniyaroi\~\~v\~\~State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~\~[2014] FJSC 9; CAV4.2013 (9 May 2014) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Koya\~\~v\~\~State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~\~
[1998] FJSC 2; CAV0002.1997 (26 March 1998) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Patel v Fiji Independent Commission Against Corruption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [2013] FJSC 7; CAV 0007 of 2011 (26 August 2013) the High Court judge had approached the appellants\rquote  ground of appeal on the \lquote non-recusal\rquote 
 of the Magistrate taken-up for the first time in appeal.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [19]
\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Tokoniyaroi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 the Supreme Court stated:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7813458 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [44] }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid140687  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
The two cases are indistinguishable on the basis that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid9315589 the issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 bias has been raised on appeal after the trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
 It is on this basis that the decision of the Supreme Court in Koya was binding on the Court of Appeal in the present case. The Supreme Court decided that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 when a trial in the High Court has taken place and an appellate court is determining an appeal where 
bias is raised, the appellate court looks at the record of the trial showing how it was conducted by the trial Judge. If the record demonstrates that the trial judge conducted the trial impeccably, it would be difficult to establish that there was a misca
rriage of justice arising from non-recusal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 .\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par [20]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Koya}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
 (supra) where bias on the part of the trial judge was raised for the first time in appeal the Supreme Court laid down the approach of the appellate court should take as follows:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4265345 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid140687 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
Here we are concerned with a trial which has actually taken place and with the question whether there has been a miscarriage of justice on the ground that there was a real danger of bias or a reasonable apprehension or suspicion of bias. In the determinat
ion of that ground, the record of the trial, showing how it was conducted by the trial judge, is of fundamental importance. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Generally speaking, if the record were to demonstrate that a judge sitting with a jury conducted a trial impeccably, it would be diff
icult to establish that there was a real danger that the trial was vitiated by apparent bias or that a fair-minded observer, knowing the facts, would reasonably apprehend or suspect that such was the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15930831 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\dbch\af0\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7813458 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [21]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Patel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589  the Supreme Court stated: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1350\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid16258281 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [33] The real danger of bias test was explained by Lord Goff in R \endash 
v- Gough (supra) at 670 in this way:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1350\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
"I think it unnecessary, in formulating the appropriate test, to require that the court should look at the matter through the eyes of a reasonable man, becau
se the court in cases such as these personifies the reasonable man and in any event the court has first to ascertain the relevant circumstances from the available evidence, knowledge of which would not necessarily have been available to an observer in cou
r
t at the relevant time. Finally, for the avoidance of doubt, I prefer to state the test in terms of real danger rather than real likelihood, to ensure that the court is thinking of possibility rather than probability of bias. Accordingly, having ascertain
e
d the relevant circumstances, the court should ask itself whether, having regard to those circumstances, there was a real danger of bias on the part of the relevant member of the tribunal in question, in the sense that he might unfairly regard (or having 
unfairly regarded) with favour or disfavour, the case of a party to the issue under consideration by him _ _ _."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15930831 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-630\li1350\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid140687 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [34] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid14712597  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 The test was subsequently slightly adjusted by the House of Lords in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Porter \endash v- Magill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 
\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b2002%5d%202%20WLR%2037?stem=&synonyms=&query=Patel" \\o "View LawCite Record" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [2002] 2 WLR 37}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 t pages 83 \endash  84. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
As a result the approach to be taken is that the court must first ascertain all the cir
cumstances which have a bearing on the suggestion that the judge was biased. It must then ask whether those circumstances would lead a fair-minded and informed observer to conclude that there was a real possibility, that the tribunal was biased.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15930831 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1350\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid16258281 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \lquote [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 35] In 
my judgment this approach is to be preferred to either a purely subjective test or the reasonable apprehension of bias test. A purely subjective test considers the concerns of a particular litigant and would as a result allow any litigant to successfully 
challenge any judge assigned to a case whenever that litigant perceived that the judge might be prejudiced.\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\langnp2057\insrsid7110025 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-630\li1350\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid8393050\charrsid9315589 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [22]\tab The Supreme Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Chief Registrar v Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
 [2016] FJSC 14; CBV0011.2014 (22 April 2016) which the appellants have cited stated: 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-90\li1260\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid16258281 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\lquote 39. The law in this area has become settled over the years. The leading case in Fiji is the Supreme Court's judgment in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Koya v The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJSC/1998/2.html" \\
o "View Case" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [1998] FJSC 2}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
 Ironically the suggestion that the judge in that case might have been impartial came from Mr. Khan! The court noted that there were two schools of thought. In\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 R v Gough}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 
\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b1993%5d%20AC%20646" \\o "Vie\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 w LawCite Record" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [1993] AC 646}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589  the House of Lords had held that the test to be applied was whether there was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid2119114\charrsid9315589 \'93a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589  real danger or real likelihood, in the sense of possibility, of bias". On the other hand, in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Webb v The Queen}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii
\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 .org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b1994%5d%20HCA%2030" \\o "View LawCite Record" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [1994] HCA 30}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
 the High Court of Australia had held that the test to be applied was whether "a fair-minded but informed observer might reasonably apprehend or suspect that the judge has prejudged or might prejudge the case". The Court in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Koya}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~thought that there was little, if any, practical difference between the two tests.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-450\li1170\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1260\tx1350\tx1710\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1170\itap0\pararsid2119114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid9324688 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid2119114 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid16258281 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid2119114\charrsid9315589 Having}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589  said that, the problem with the\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Gough}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~test which\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Webb}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~identified was that it placed "inadequate 
emphasis on the public perception of the irregular conduct". It was "the court's view of the public's view, not the court's own view, which [was] determinative". That persuaded the Court of Appeal in England in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Re Medicaments and Related Classes of Goods (No 2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b2001%5d%201%20WLR%20700" \\o "View LawCite Record" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [2001] 1 WLR 700}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 to say at [85];
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1260\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid140687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
" ... that a modest adjustment of the test in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Gough}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~
is called for, which makes it plain that it is, in effect, no different from the test applied in most of the Commonwealth and in Scotland. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
The court must first ascertain all the circumstances which have a bearing on the suggestion that the Judge was biase
d. It must then ask whether those circumstances would lead a fair-minded and informed observer to conclude that there was a real possibility, or a real danger, the two being the same, that the tribunal was biased."}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1260\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid2119114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
The House of Lords in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 Porter v Magill}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1273452 \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506  \hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\loch\f31506 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b2002%5d%202%20AC%20357" \\o "View LawCite Record" }}{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 [2002] 2 AC 357}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 
\~approved that statement of principle, and in my view, that test should represent the law in Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid2119114 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf1\insrsid7110025\charrsid9315589 On a fair reading of the Commissioner's ruling, that is the test he applied.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4787665 [2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4787665 ]\tab Furthermore, the Bangalore principles are also self-explanatory in this regard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8848589  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15215683 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5065768 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid9519532 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid97348 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid1448967 CONCLUSION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4807490 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12190140 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af0\insrsid97348 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid97348 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid97348 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14046760 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid97348 ]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9519532 For the above reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 , this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid97348 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 ourt rules that the order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid97348 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490  sought by the applicant cannot be granted since this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid97348 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 ourt does not have the jurisdiction to do so.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4807490 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid97348 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid1448967 ORDERS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4807490 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5065768 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid97348\charrsid5065768 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1
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\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 otice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8393050 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4456487 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 
otion filed herein is dismissed due to lack to jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 
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\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1
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\f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid11346439 registry }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid97348\charrsid11346439 directed to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 forward a copy of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid11346439 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16521633\charrsid11346439 udgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439  to the Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid11346439 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439  Court at Ba.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5324625\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5324625 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid8393050\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4807490\charrsid11346439 30 days to appeal to the Court of Appeal.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid97348 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14712597\charrsid97348 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi720\li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid15864453 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 Sunil Sharma                                                                       }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid13729362 Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid13729362 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa160\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5324625 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid4796960 At Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903\charrsid4796960 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16521633\charrsid9519532 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid16521633\charrsid9519532 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16521633\charrsid9519532  October}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12986614\charrsid9519532 , 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4868903 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13699680 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid12986614\charrsid5324625 Solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid4868903 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid7083485 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7083485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4796960\charrsid7083485 Messrs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid5324625\charrsid7083485 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4796960\charrsid7083485  Nazeem Lawyers for the Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid7083485 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4868903\charrsid7083485 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4796960\charrsid7083485 Office of the Director of Public Prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid7083485 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid4796960\charrsid7083485  for the Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid1448967\charrsid7083485 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid4796960\charrsid7083485  
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