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\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9650856 \chftnsep 
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\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9650856 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11029237 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9650856 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11029237 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9650856 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid6318446\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20\brdrcf17 
\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6318446  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6318446 6}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446  | }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \expnd12\expndtw60\cf18\insrsid6318446\charrsid6318446 Page}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11029237 
\par }}{\footerf \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20\brdrcf17 \tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid6318446 1}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446  | }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \expnd12\expndtw60\cf18\insrsid6318446\charrsid6318446 Page}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6318446 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par WESTERN DIVISION AT LAUTOKA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid2977444 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444 CIVIL ACTION No. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 HBC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509 131}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 /}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid15350509 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid2977444 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 BETWEEN \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab \tab KAMLA NAD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid15350509\charrsid15350509 AN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 of Lovu, Lautoka, Retired Carpenter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid15350509 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12784389 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509 
\tab \tab \tab APPELLANT/PLAINTIFF}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid2977444 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12784389 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509 PUSHPA REDDY }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 of Vatumai Road No. 5, Lovu, Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12784389\charrsid15350509 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid10430999\charrsid2977444 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid15350509 \tab \tab \tab RESPONDENT/DEFENDANT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12784389 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12784389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444 APPEARANCES}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 Ms J Naidu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444  for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 
Appellant/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444 Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid6318446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 Mr R Charan & Ms Vikash}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444  for the Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2977444 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4674041 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444 DATE OF HEARING}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15350509 24 July 2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid2977444 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid15350509 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444 DATE OF JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444\charrsid2977444 : }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid6318446 30 September 2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid2977444 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9337473 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid9337473\charrsid9337473 DECISION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\insrsid9337473 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid6318446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7016369 1.\tab 
This case illustrates why, however tempting it might be to make an application for an order for possession under Order 113 High Court Rules, with all the promise that it holds for a quick and cheap result, that decision requires careful thought, and 
\endash  if misjudged - can prove to be a false economy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1386179 , both as to cost and time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7016369 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid12784389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7016369 2.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1386179 The respondent/defendant in this case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14764540 
and her family }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1386179 ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14764540 ve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1386179 
 lived at the property the subject of the proceedings since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14764540 before 1997.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7016369  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid11297209 They were originally tenants under an arrangement with Ramend Ramiya, who was an owner of an undivided half share of the property with his brother the plaintiff.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328 But i
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11297209 n 1997 the defendant and her husband agreed with Ramend Ramiya to purchase his half share of the property for $4,000.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328 
(which it seems has been paid, although the issue is not completely clear).  The defendant has provided a copy of the written agreement.  In 1998 Ramend Ramiya emigrated to Canada, where he died}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4265635  intestate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  in 2008.  He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635 
 had promised to transfer his share of the property to the defendant and her husband on his return from Canada, but he never did so.  Instead he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  left }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635 his interest in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328 the property to his wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635  and children}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 .  I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635 n 201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 5 the children}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635 
 renounced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635  interest in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 their father\rquote s estate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635 in favour of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 their mother, who then sold that half share to the plaintiff for $5000.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5901328  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4265635  The defendant says that the wife knew about the sale and purchase agreement, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072 
that by agreement with the plaintiff she and her family paid to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14315095 plaintiff (until he refused to provide any receipts for the payments) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid3876313 half}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7675072  the ground rent for the property}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14315095  (payable to iTaukei Land Trust Board)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3876313 .  The plaintiff says }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16274578 in response that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3876313 
he did not know anything about the purchase agreement. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3876313 3.\tab In 2016, after he had been registered as owner of the whole property, the plaintiff had his solicitors write to the 
defendant demanding possession of the property.  The solicitors letter says:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid3876313\charrsid3876313 We are instructed that you were allowed by our client to live in our clients}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid3876313 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid3876313\charrsid3876313  house at Lovu, Lautoka without any rent until you found a home as you had no place to stay. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid7675072\charrsid3876313   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid15470781\charrsid3876313 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid3876313 Given the history of the defendant\rquote s occupation as set out in paragraph 2 above, most of which is undisputed, this assertion by the solicitor is at least economical with the truth. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid12784389 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid14315095 4.\tab In the course of their occupation of the property, and in reliance on their s
tatus as owners of a half share, the defendant and her family say that they have carried out extensive improvements to the property.  It is clear that the plaintiff knew about this, as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11102125 
his solicitors had written to the defendant in 2014 about the issue. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid12784389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11102125 5.\tab 
The current proceedings, an application under O.113 of the High Court Rules, was filed by the plaintiff in July 2016.  The defendant filed her affidavit in response in August, and the plaintiff\rquote 
s reply affidavit is dated 8 September 2016.  For reasons that are not clear from the Court\rquote s file the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1185298 decision on the plaintiff\rquote 
s application, refusing the application, was delivered by the Master in September 2019.  The plaintiff has appealed that decision and the matter came before me for hearing on 24 July 2020
 at which time written submissions were filed by counsel for both parties.  I gave leave to the appellant/plaintiff to file submissions in reply within 7 days thereafter, and that was done.  Unfortunately, due to a misunderstanding between me and the Cour
t staff, the file was not referred back to me when these reply submissions were filed.  I apologise for the delay in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16274578 issuing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1185298 
 this decision.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid12784389 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid1185298\charrsid1185298 Order 113 applications}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid1185298 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1185298 6.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5592248 Order 113, rule 1 states:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15470781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs20\insrsid6318446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs20\insrsid5592248\charrsid5592248 
Proceedings to be brought by originating summons (O.113, r.1)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248\charrsid5592248 1.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248\charrsid5592248 
Where a person claims possession of land which he alleges is occupied solely by a person or persons (not being a tenant or tenants holding over after the termination of the tenancy) who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid8350558\charrsid5592248 entered into or remained in occupation without his licence or consent or that of any predecessor in title of his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248\charrsid5592248 
, the proceedings may be brought by originating summons in accordance with the provisions of this Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid5592248 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5592248 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5592248 In the decision appealed from the Master has provided a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4741665 thorough analysis of the history, purpose and application of this rule.  He concludes this analysis with the following comments:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5592248 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4741665 \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4741665\charrsid4741665 
The above decisions and the commentary on this Order 113 makes it manifestly clear that, the courts must be satisfied that there is no reasonable doubt on, (a) the claim of
 the plaintiff and (b) on the wrongful occupation of the defendant. It follows that, it is the duty of the plaintiff, who invokes the jurisdiction of this court under this Order, to firstly satisfy the court that, it is virtually a clear case where there 
i
s no doubt as to his claim to recover the possession of the land. In that process, he must be able to show to the court his right to claim the possession of the land and then to satisfy that the person or persons (not being a tenant or tenants holding ove
r after the termination of the tenancy) entered into the land or remained in occupation without his licence or consent or that of any predecessor in title.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4741665  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4741665\charrsid4741665 Once the plaintiff satisfies these two factors, he or she shall be entitled for an order against the 
defendant. Then, it is incumbent on the defendant, if he wishes to remain in possession, to satisfy the court that he had consent either from the plaintiff or his predecessor in title. If the defendant can show such consent, then the application of the pl
aintiff ought to be dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4741665 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4741665 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6364760 7.\tab I agree with the Master
\rquote s analysis as to the application of O.113, r.1.  Its purpose is to provide a summary procedure for obtaining orders for possession of land against occupants (e.g. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9051982 squatters and other }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6364760 trespassers) who have no sustainable claim.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid131516 The wording of the Rule itself makes this clear.  The rule does not apply to persons who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid8350558 
entered into or remained in occupation with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516 the permission or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid8350558  consent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid131516 of the owner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid8350558 or of any predecessor in title of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516 the owner.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8350558 Relying as it does on affidavit evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid131516 an originating summons under the rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6364760  is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8350558 usually }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6364760 a suitable procedure for cases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8350558 
where there is a dispute as to facts which cannot be resolved without cross-examination.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid346702 
\par 
\par 8.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16274578 is is clear from the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15348666 exclusion from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906  the rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15348666 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906 
tenants holding over after termination of their tenancy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13975291 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906  who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16274578  
\endash  although their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906 right to occupy is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9051982 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9051982 i.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906 clearly defined (i.e. by the lease, or tenancy agreement), and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9051982 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9051982 ii.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9051982 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906 has clearly \endash  by definition since they are tenants \lquote holding over\rquote  - come to an end }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid16471242 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9051982 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s26\qj \li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid6318446\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16274578\charrsid16471242 cannot be the subject of an O.113 application, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13975291\charrsid16471242 presumably because even though }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906\charrsid16471242 such cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13975291\charrsid16471242  may be clear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid346702\charrsid16471242 -}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13975291\charrsid16471242 cut in evidential terms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906\charrsid16471242 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13975291\charrsid16471242 so that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906\charrsid16471242  the court can say with a high degree of confidence that th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid13262388\charrsid16471242 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906\charrsid16471242  right of occupation has come to an end}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13975291\charrsid16471242 , there rem
ains the possibility of applications for relief against forfeiture, or arguments about renewal, waiver etc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5138906\charrsid16471242 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid16471242 This exclusion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16471242 shows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid16471242  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242 how}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid16471242  the rule is intended to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242 operate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16471242  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242  It applies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid131516\charrsid16471242 
 only to clear cases of trespass, and is not a means of resolving cases where there are contentious issues as to the basis upon which the defendant remains in occupation.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242 
A vivid illustration of this distinction can be seen in the decision of the Court of Appeal in England in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242 Greater London Council v Jenkins}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12152456\charrsid16471242  [1975] 1 All ER 354.  In that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10122804\charrsid16471242 
case an order under the rule (in identical terms to that in our O.113, r.1) was refused by the Court of Appeal where the owner had arguably, and without intending to do so, extended the respondent\rquote 
s licence to occupy to a date after the application was filed.  Although it was clear that, by the time of the appeal hearing, the licence had expired and the respondent \endash  if he remained in occupation \endash  did so as a trespasser, n
evertheless the application for possession could not succeed, because at the time it was filed the respondent\rquote s licence to occupy was still current. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2763264\charrsid16471242 
 What emerges from the decision of the Court of Appeal is the necessity for the plaintiff to show that there is no basis upon which the occup}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11227798\charrsid16471242 ier/defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2763264\charrsid16471242 
 is entitled to remain on the property.  Where the original entry into occupation was with the consent or licence of the owner, the plaintiff must show that the right of occupation has been terminated.  That i
s much easier for the plaintiff to do if it is clear how the right of occupation arose in the first place.  If the occupation arose from a tenancy or licence, the plaintiff must show that that tenancy or licence has been properly and unequivocally termina
ted.  If the plaintiff cannot do so, or if there is a factual dispute about the effectiveness of the termination, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid11227798\charrsid16471242 
or if there is some other alleged basis for occupation which is contentious, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid2763264\charrsid16471242 an application under Order 113 will probably not be appropriate. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702\charrsid16471242 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1524927 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1524927 9.\tab 
In this case the defendant says she is in occupation as a purchaser of the property, and there is documentary evidence to substantiate that assertion, albeit that there are also arguments to refute it.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid8198183   As the Master observed in paragraph 13 of his decision:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid346702 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8198183 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702\charrsid4741665 
The purpose of the Order 113 of the High Court Rules, in its plain meaning is to provide a summary and speedy procedure for the recovery of possession of any land when it is in wrongful occupation by a person who has no consent or licence from the 
applicant or his predecessor in title. The above discussion clearly shows that, the claim of both the plaintiff and the defendant to occupy their respective portion of the property stems from the Transfer of Agreement to Lease by the original lessee Victo
r Naresh Mani who transferred the undivided half share of the property to both the plaintiff and Ramend Ramiya. Whilst the plaintiff is the direct transferee of Victor Naresh Mani, the defendant\rquote 
s late husband had Sale and Purchase Agreement with other transferee and co-owner \endash  Ramend Ramiya. The very fact is that, the original lessee Victor Naresh Mani did not have authority to transfer his rights under the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702\charrsid4741665 \'93KN1\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702\charrsid4741665 \endash  the Agreement to Lease, without the consent of iTLTB. In this sense, both the plaintiff and 
the defendant are in equal position with other over the right to occupy their respective portion of the subject property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076 
It is particularly important to note that the issue of ILTB consent to these transactions arose only in the affidavit of the plaintiff in reply }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11227798 
(to which the defendant is of course not entitled to respond) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076 to the defendant\rquote s disclosure of an agreement for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11227798 her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076 purchase of a half share of the property from the plaintiff\rquote 
s brother.  In raising the issue the plaintiff says no more than to note the absence of evidence of ILTB consent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1668054  to the defendant\rquote s purchase agreement}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076 .  Having raised the issue, as the Master notes in the passage quoted above, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11227798 the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076  says nothing about whether the transfer of the property to him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11227798 had the approval of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076  ILTB. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11227798 
 I have no doubt that this is a live and important issue.  But it is not an issue that can be decided without more evidence, and argument, and this application does not now provide the opportunity to submit the evidence which might support any argumen
t about the validity or enforceability of the sale and purchase agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11218076\charrsid11218076 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid346702 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9051982\charrsid9051982 Grounds for appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9051982 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid9051982 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1668054 10.\tab In the Notice and Grounds of Appeal dated the 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\super\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid1668054  October 2019 the appellant raises the following issues:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9051982 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054 1.\tab 
That the Master erred in fact and in law in dismissing the vacant possession application when the Defendant has not shown any legal right to remain on the property. 
\par 2.\tab That the Master erred in law and in fact by not holding the agreement dated 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\super\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054  June 1997 was tainted with illegality and was without the consent of ILTB. 
\par 3.\tab That the Master erred in law and in fact by not considering the Defendant had no legal right on the property as their stay has not been consented by ILTB and does not disclose any legal right to remain on the property.
\par 4.\tab That the Master erred in law and in fact by not allowing the immediate vacant possession of the land described in the Originating Summons filed 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\super\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054 st}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1668054\charrsid1668054  July 2016 when the Defendant has not fulfilled the requirements of section 12 Itaukei Land Trust Act (cap 134). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs20\insrsid1668054 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid7097080 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7097080 11.\tab 
Agreeing as I do with the Master as to the purpose and application of Order 113, I do not accept that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8395057 
he has erred in his analysis of this case.  As I have observed above, an application under Order 113 is de
signed for those cases where it is clear that the defendant has no right to be in occupation of the land in question.  For such cases the order provides an efficient, economical process for recovering possession.  It is not intended or suited to cases whe
re there are contested rights, particularly where there is contested evidence crucial to the outcome of the case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1251224  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5656791 
\par 
\par 12.\tab Addressing the points on appeal more specifically, I don\rquote t agree that the defendant has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid5656791 not shown any legal right to remain on the property.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5656791 The defendant says that she is on the property as a purchaser of a half share of the property from Ramend Ramaiya, and she has produced evidence \endash 
 a copy of the sale and purchase agreement - to support this contention.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10957749 Issues that arise from this ag
reement include those raised by him as to the need for ITLB consent, whether that consent has been or can still be obtained, and whether the plaintiff had sufficient knowledge of this agreement at the time he acquired the interest formerly owned by his br
other to make it enforceable against him.  These and any other issues that are raised have still to be determined, but it is not correct to say that the defendant has \lquote not shown any legal right to remain on the property\rquote 
.  It might well be that she can show that the agreement she has is valid and enforceable against the plaintiff.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4009242 
Counsel for the plaintiff referred me to the decision of (then) Master Nanayakkara in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4009242\charrsid4009242 McGregor Investments Ltd v Farook }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4009242 [2016] FJHC 274 in which the Court made a thorough exploration of arguments raised as to the defendant\rquote 
s claim to have agreed to purchase the property the subject of the application.  In that sense the case was similar to this one.  But a significant diffe
rence in the cases is that the issue of the absence of consent to the transaction whereby the defendant claimed to be entitled to occupy the property was raised by the plaintiff from the start, and the defendant had the opportunity to respond to the argum
ent and the evidence that supported it.  In its decision the Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4009242\charrsid4009242 McGregor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4009242  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782 was able to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4009242 conclude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid4009242  on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782 much more complete }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4009242 evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782 
than has been presented here, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4009242 that the absence of consent was fatal, and that there was no evidence of fraud on the part of the registered proprietor whereby his title might be defeasible. }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782  A similar conclusion cannot be made here.  
\par 
\par 13.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid10957749 The other three points on appeal are really variations of the same argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6444345 , and attract the same response}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid1251224 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6444345   Without further evidence and argument it is impossible to say whether the defendant\rquote 
s claimed interest is enforceable, but she has certainly shown enough to make the outcome of this Order 113 application inevitable.  Applying the wording of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6444345 rder, the plaintiff has not shown that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804 the defendant is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid6444345\charrsid5592248 
 a person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid9656804 \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid6444345\charrsid5592248 
 who entered into or remained in occupation without his licence or consent or that of any predecessor in title of his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid9656804 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid9710802  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9710802 It would have saved a great deal of time and expense if the plaintiff had sensibly accepted, as soon as the defendant\rquote 
s affidavit was filed, that the application under Order 113 could not succeed, and instead issued a writ of summons so that the issues could be thoroughly explored.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid7097080\charrsid9710802 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid9656804 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9008782 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804 .\tab Accordingly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\insrsid9008782 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804  the appeal is dismissed.  The defendant is entitled to costs against the appellant in the sum of $1500.00 summarily assessed.
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid9656804\charrsid9656804 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 __________
\par A.G. Stuart
\par Judge
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6318446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12784389\charrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 At Lautoka this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\super\insrsid6318446\charrsid6318446 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 day of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446 September, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid9710802\charrsid6318446 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid6318446\charrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 SOLICITORS:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509\charrsid6318446 Jyoti Legal, Lautoka for the Appellant/Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15470781\charrsid6318446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15350509\charrsid6318446 Ravneet Charan Lawyers, Lautoka for the Respondent/Appellant
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