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{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15610389 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid553424\charrsid15610389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 IN THE WESTERN DIVISION
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par 
\par CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par 
\par Civil Appeal No.: HBA 17 of 2018
\par 
\par 
\par BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15610389\charrsid15610389 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 NALESH NAND }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 of Kings Road, Yalalevu, Ba, Quantity Surveyor
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15610389\charrsid15610389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 APPELLANT
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 A N D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15610389\charrsid15610389 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 FIJI DEVELOPMENT BANK}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389   a corporate body having its head office 
at 360 Victoria Parade, Suva, Fiji.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid15610389 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15610389 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid15610389 RESPONDENT
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8469334 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8469334 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid13634076 Appearances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13634076 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid13634076 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 \tab The appellant in person
\par \tab \tab \tab (Ms.)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4399101  Akosita}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  Raitivi for the respondent
\par 
\par 
\par Hearing\tab :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid13634076 Friday, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 01}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8469334\charrsid8469334 st}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  May, 2020.
\par Judgment\tab :\tab Friday, 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8469334\charrsid8469334 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  May, 2020.
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8469334 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8469334\charrsid8469334 J U D G M E N T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8469334 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 [01]\tab This is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12728094  the judgment in an appeal from the decision of the Magistrate Court at Ba. In his worship\rquote s ruling of 12.09.2019, the Magistrate dismissed the appellant\rquote 
s application in which the appellant had sought to set aside judgment entered by default in civil suit no- 65 of 2016. In this civil }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5781212 suit,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12728094  the respondent had sued the appellant by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12728094 rit of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12728094 ummons for recovery of $ 10,602.42, the unpaid debt under the Bill of Sale and the Loan agreement made between the respondent bank and the appellant.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  
\par 
\par [02]\tab The respondent filed a Writ of Summons against the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5647073 in the Magistrate Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 on 02}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid8469334\charrsid8469334 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  September, 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5647073 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8469334  claiming a sum of $10,602.42 together with post judgment interest at the rate of 5% but limited to $50,000.00.
\par 
\par [03]\tab The appellant filed his Statement of Defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12728094 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 e on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319670 25}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5319670\charrsid5319670 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319670  October, 2016 and the respondent filed its Reply to Defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12728094 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid528244 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319670  on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5319670\charrsid5319670 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5319670  Febr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 uary, 2017.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 
\par [04]\tab On 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid9009620\charrsid9009620 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  November, 2017 a NOAH was issued 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 both parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342  to be present in court on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid5192342\charrsid5192342 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 
 November 2017 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 for mention to fix a hearing date.  The appellant did not appear and the respondent appeared on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9009620\charrsid9009620 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  November, 2017.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 [05]\tab On the 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid9009620\charrsid9009620 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 
 November, 2017 the case was set for hearing on 05}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid9009620\charrsid9009620 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  June, 2018.
\par 
\par [06]\tab On the day of the hearing, i.e. 05-06-2018 the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083  was not present but the respondent was present in court together with its witness and were ready to proceed with the hearing. T}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 he Statement of Defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 e was struck out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083 respondent\rquote s suit was heard ex parte. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 The respondent called (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7423797 Ms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 ) Margaret Hazelm
an, a representative of the bank working in the Asset Management Unit, based in Suva.
\par 
\par [07]\tab The court considered the evidence of (Ms.) Hazelman and their being no Statement of Defen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5781212 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 e on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101 foot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  the Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083 entered }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1078083 in favor of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1078083 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158  The ex parte judgment was delivered on 08.06.2018. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 
The appellant was ordered to pay $10,602.42 together with the post judgment interest of 4%.
\par 
\par [08]\tab On 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid9009620\charrsid9009620 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620  June, 2019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324 
 the appellant filed a Notice of Motion in the Magistrate Court of Ba seeking the following relief;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9009620 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid464324\charrsid14051158 That the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid464324\charrsid14051158 judgment entered by default}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid464324\charrsid14051158 
 in favour of the plaintiff as per the content of judgment made in the Magistrate Court Ba with confused dates be set aside\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li6480\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin6480\itap0\pararsid14051158 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 (Emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid464324\charrsid14051158 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14051158 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324 [09]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 I note with concern that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324 he application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158  to set aside the default judgment had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid464324  been made pursuant to the inherent jurisdiction of the Court.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 [10]\tab The appellant\rquote s application was heard by}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158  the Magistrate on 16-07-2019. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 After considering the principles of setting aside default judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 , the Magistrate dismissed the application on 12-09-2019.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158  The Magistrate held that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7423797 appellant does}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158  not meet the threshold for the setting aside of default judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 

\par 
\par [11]\tab Being aggrieved by the decision of the learned Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14051158 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544  the appellant appealed against the decision to the High Court.

\par 
\par [12]\tab There are nine (9) grounds of appeal set out in the Notice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7868897 of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544  filed on 01-10-2019.  They are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5730618  not drafted in a way which suggests }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 with perfect clearness the grounds upon which relief was being asked. The grounds of appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15079585 are;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6585544 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11799936 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11799936 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11799936 (1)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  the honourable Magistrate did not consider all the relevant evidence provided in my Statement of Defense filed on 25}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  October, 2016 and in my Submission to set aside Ex-Parte Judgment on hearing day on 16}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 
 August, 2019.  This is straight forward case, this does not need an open court hearing or trial proper.  The Defendant has a valid defense in this matter.
\par 
\par (2)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  the hearing at Magistrate Court Ba on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  June, 2018 as per content in the judgment withou
t my presence as well as date not matching with date issued to me.  Usually in Magistrate Court dates are written in a piece of paper and issued.
\par 
\par \tab The Ruling at Magistrate Court Ba on 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 
 June, 2018 as per content in the Judgment with my absence besides something very serious to note.
\par 
\par (3)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 
 the claim made in the Judgment read as follows:  Plaintiff filed a Writ of Summons on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  September, 2009 seeking to recover the loan.
\par 
\par \tab Once again its wrongdoing and a very serious matter as there was no loan on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 
 September, 2009.
\par 
\par (4)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  I do not agree with the Final Order made in the Judgment on 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  June, 2018 at Magistrate Court, Ba. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10641746 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 As per offer letter in Facility Schedule Agricultural and 
Development Page more than Twenty Five Thousand Seven Hundred Fifteen Dollars was paid to Plaintiff (Ba Branch) as at 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797  November, 2013 and the securities were not discharged.
\par \tab 
\par \tab In any bank statement there is a Debit Column, a Credit Column and a Balance Column, so Debit Column indicates interest charged Credit Column indicates the amount I have paid and its total amounting to $25,715.00.
\par 
\par \tab According to Loan offer letter dated 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11799936\charrsid7423797 
 December, 2009 and as per Facility Schedule Agriculture and Development Page I have already paid my loan and paid interest up to one hundred fifty percent.
\par \tab 
\par \tab Therefore, I do not agree with the claims made by the Plaintiff.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 
\par (5)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  an expression of dissatisfaction in terms of loan offer letter dated 11}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 
 December, 2009 addressed to me whereby in the Facility Schedule Agriculture and Development Page does not reconcile in accordance with account made in operation.
\par 
\par \tab The initial stage of operation has created dissatisfaction and it is question of doubt as I
 have raised concern in the above matter.  It was some kind of money making technique.  It appears that there has been overcharged payments and interest subject to the said offer letter by the Plaintiff.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid9193773 It\rquote s total confusion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 
\par 
\par \tab As the Plaintiff has breached loan offer letter agreement and the Defendant in this matter is suffering the greater injustice.
\par 
\par (6)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  my consistent repayment on 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  July, 2013 and it to do appear on Bank Statement as well as a receipt being issued on the same day and to my surpr
ise arrears fees is charged.  It\rquote s breach of Loan Offer Agreement, its wrong doing and dishonesty.  It\rquote s vague.
\par 
\par \tab Plaintiff is not consistent with repayments record as well as to any accounting accuracy with opening balance for new month and closing balanc
e for month end and in this subject issue it becomes total confusion to reconcile bank statement and analyse monthly records.
\par 
\par (7)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  the Defendant requested for discounted debt settlement figure on 25}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  May, 2012 and a reply through a letter on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  June, 2012, the Plaintiff declined the request and advise the Defendant to continue normal repayments.
\par 
\par \tab In this matter Plaintiff (Bank) approach to help Defendant was not good as they never helped me in any of the natural disasters compared to other customers.  It is to be noted Plaintiff is a Financial Institute and their purpose is to serve people.

\par \tab This clearly indicates that the Plaintiff had some personal agenda towards the Defendant.  It was a money making technique by Plaintiff towards Defendant.
\par 
\par (8)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  the Plaintiff in this matter on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797  September, 2016 filed Writ of Summons.  As per paragraph 1 of the Writ of Summons it reads }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid7423797 as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14622162\charrsid7423797 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid7423797 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid9193773 The Plaintiff is a body corporate established under section 3 of the Fiji Development Bank Act Chapter 214 (\'93the act\'94
) with perpetual succession and a common seal and is capable of suing and being sued.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid7423797 \tab The Defendant in this matter on 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4081206\charrsid7423797 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid7423797  October, 2016 filed Statement of Defense as my paragraph 1 read as follows:
\par 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4081206\charrsid9193773 Absolutely yes and we can get compensated for this dissatisfaction service.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797 
\par (9)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797 
 the Loan Agreement was breached by the Plaintiff and there was delay of time from Plaintiff to solve this subject issue since 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797  June, 2014 and taking this matter to Magistrate Court, B a filed on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9768483\charrsid7423797  September, 2016.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446\charrsid5590446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 [13]\tab The respondent\rquote s suit was heard ex-parte.  The }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 appellant\rquote s notice of motion filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 before the learned Magistrate of Ba dated 21-06-2019 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 irregular }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 as the application has been made to:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11799936 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5590446 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 \'93That the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446\charrsid5590446 judgment entered by default}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446  in favour of the plaintiff as per the content of judgment made in the Magistrate Court of Ba with confused dates}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446\charrsid5590446  be set aside\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7868897 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 [Emphasis added]
\par 
\par [14]\tab The first issue that the court must deal with is whether there was proper application before t
he Magistrate?  I find that there was no proper application before the Magistrate.  The appellant cannot file an application to set aside default judgment but an application to set aside ex-parte judgment because the respondent\rquote 
s suit was heard ex-parte.  There is a world of difference between a default judgment and an ex-parte judgment.  A default judgment can be obtained as a matter of course following the defendant\rquote s failure to give notice of intention to}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289  defend or default of defence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 The ex-parte judgme
nts are essentially provisional in nature and they are made by the Judge or Magistrate on the basis of evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 
 submissions emanating from one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 side}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 [15]\tab The appellant\rquote s application for setting aside is concerned with the judgment written and delivere
d by the Magistrate dated 08-06-2018 on the basis of evidence and submissions emanating from the respondent\rquote 
s side (the original plaintiff) only there being no appearance by the appellant (the original defendant).  It is an ex-parte judgment after the formal proof hearing held before the court on 05-06-2018.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 [16]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 The procedure adopted was not the right procedure to set aside the judgment dated 08.06.2018.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 The appellant should have come under order xxx, Rule 5 of the Magistrate\rquote s Court Rules to rescind the ex-parte judgment.  For the sake of completeness Order xxx, Rule 5 is reproduced below in full.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5590446 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7668590 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 \'93
Any judgment obtained against any party in the absence of such party may on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 sufficient cause shown,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 
 be set aside by the court, upon such terms as may seem fit\'94.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101 Emphasis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590  added]
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7668590 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7668590 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 [17]\tab 
The procedure is important, since the Magistrate Court has no inherent jurisdiction to set aside its own orders.  In accordance with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7668590\charrsid5192342 Section 5 of the 
Administration of Justice Act of 2009,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7668590  the upper courts such as High Court, Court of Appeal and Supreme Court have inherent jurisdiction.  Section 5 of the Administration of Justice Act says;

\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4463124 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4463124 5.(1)\tab Each of the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court has the jurisdiction, including the inherent jurisdiction, conferred on it by this 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4463124 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4463124 Decree or by any other law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7668590 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4463124 
\par No court shall be vested with jurisdiction same as is or may be conferred on it by this Decree or any other law\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4463124 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15822555 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8023480 \tab Lord Sumpton stated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8023480\charrsid5192342 Barton v Wright Hassall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid8023480 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\b\super\insrsid8023480\charrsid8023480 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid8023480\charrsid8023480  LLP [2018]UKSC 12}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8023480 ;
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8023480 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8023480 \'93
The rules provide a framework within which to balance the interest of both sides. That balance is inevitably disturbed if an unrepresented litigant is entitled to greater indulgence in complying with them than his represented opponent\'85
. Unless the rules and practice directions are particularly inacces}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13594435 sible or obscure, it is reasonable to expect a litigant in person to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 familiarize}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13594435  himself with the rules which apply to any step which he is about to take\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8023480 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8023480\charrsid8023480 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15822555 [18]\tab Settin
g aside ex-parte judgment is not automatic.  In any case in which a decree is passed ex-parte against a defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11038441 
, he or she may apply to the Court by which the decree was passed for an order to set it aside; and if he or she satisfies the court that the s
ummons or notice of hearing was not duly served or that he or she was prevented by any sufficient cause from appearing when the suit was called on for hearing, the court shall make an order setting aside the decree as against him or her upon such terms as
 to costs or otherwise as it thinks fit and shall appoint a day for proceeding with the suit.
\par 
\par [19]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4483315 The principles governing the determination of what amounts to sufficient reason or cause for setting aside an ex-parte decree have been severally enunciated 
in the jurisprudence.  The sufficient reason or cause depends on the circumstances of each case.
\par 
\par [20]\tab Noteworthy is the fact that when the case was called on 22-11-2017 to fix for hearing the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2705009 appellant and the respondent were not present in court and NOAH
 has been issued on both parties to be present in court on 24-11-2017.  On 24-11-2017, counsel for the respondent was present in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  but the appellant was absent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2705009 The case was fixed for hearing on 05-06-2018.
\par 
\par [21]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9269828 It is critical to note that the case was fixed for hearing when the appellant was not present in court.
\par 
\par [22]\tab In paragraph (4), (5) and (6) of the affidavit in support of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 setting aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9269828 application, Mr Nilesh Nand, the appellant
\endash deponent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 avers and there is no reason for disbelieving him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9269828 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5048651 
 he was never notified or made aware of the date the matter was heard ex parte.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15822555 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid9402576 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 (4)\tab 
So on 20thJune, 2018 on my way to Magistrate Court, Ba I saw some renovation work taking place at main Magistrate Court house and it can be clarified by the court assistan
ts so I stepped in to the court side to confirm my date schedule and I saw some court assistants sitting inside Court number 2 with door open and upon inquiring I found that the hearing has taken place and judgment was given to me on the same day.  Upon i
nquiry with court assistant what can be done and they advised me you can appeal this matter.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid9402576 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 (5)\tab The actual court mention date was set for 6}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9402576\charrsid9402576 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576  December, 2017 as well as the date was shifted to 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9402576\charrsid9402576 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576  November, 2017 via a phone call by court assistant from Magistrate Court, Ba on 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid9402576\charrsid9402576 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 
 November, 2017 advising that the new Magistrate is coming to Ba and we have to come to Ba Court since we have 2 separate cases with the Plaintiff.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11161323 \tab 
\par \tab Since the Honourable Magistrate was trying to fix hearing for our both cases with the Plaintiff on the same day and at same time Plaintiff\rquote s lawyer asked for 2 different hearing dates within 3 months of time frame.
\par 
\par \tab Our presence to the Magistrate Court, Ba on the hearing for the other civil case with the same Plaintiff which took place o 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11161323\charrsid11161323 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11161323  September, 2018 was the same date given to us on 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11161323\charrsid11161323 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11161323 
 November, 2017.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666 
\par (6)\tab The hearing at Magistrate Court, Ba on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666 
 June, 2018 as per content in Judgment made without my presence as well as date not matching with dates issued to me of 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666  June, 2018.
\par 
\par \tab The Ruling at Magistrate Court, Ba on 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666 
 June, 2018 as per content in Judgment made without my presence besides it is a very serious matter whereby the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666  is on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666  June, 2018 and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 Ruling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666 is on 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\super\insrsid16276666\charrsid16276666 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16276666  June, 2018.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9402576 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 [23]\tab The question which confronts me in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6044300\charrsid14307289 limine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 
 is this; whether there was proper service of NOAH on the appellant?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid85556  Therefore, the substantive question with which I have to deal with is whether the ex parte judgment was regular.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9463371  It is unfortunate that no argument was addressed to me on the issue of service of NOAH.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9463371 But I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 can tell from the case record that the appellant has not been satisfactorily served with the notice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9463371 
 issued on 22-11-2017.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 There is no proof returned in Court.  I can conclusively tell from the court record that the NOAH issued by the court on 22-11-2017 was never served on the appellant.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9463371  Needless to say, a NOAH must be served in person or by post. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 No evidence of date of service and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  the mode of service availed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943965  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9463371 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 
herefore, the appellant was not properly notified or made aware of the date the matter was fixed for hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943965  and he had no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773616 
notification of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943965  the date the matter was heard ex parte.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  This is a failure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3943965 /irregularity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  which goes to the root of our conceptions of the proper procedure in litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943965 
 and this failure/irregularity invalidates the ex parte judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 I find that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6044300  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 his amount to sufficient reason or cause for settin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 g aside the ex-parte judgment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 The appellant has met the threshold for the setting aside of ex-parte judgment.  The judgment 
should be set aside as the appellant was not served with the NOAH for the suit issued by the court on 22-11-2017.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 
  It is unfortunate that the learned Magistrate did not advert to the question on the issue of proper servi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 ce of notice on the appellant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 This has created an injustice a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 nd prejudice to the appellant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 find }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 that the Magistrate erred in law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289 
 by failing to consider whether there was proper service of NOAH on the appellant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101  The Magistrate erred in law and the result arrived at was wrong.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14307289  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 On the day of the hearing the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101 Magistrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 
should have asked the respondent (the original plaintiff) to show proof that the appellant (the original defendant) had been served with NOAH before the matter proceeds for ex-parte hearing.  It should be noted that the duty of
 the court is to do justice and justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289  for all the parties involved. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 
I find that the NOAH issued by the court was either not duly served}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14307289  on the appellant or was not served at all on the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349 
and therefore the consequential judgment was irregular and ought to be set aside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281  by the court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid3287281\charrsid3287281 ex debito justitiae
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9655800\charrsid9655800 and the court has no power to impose any terms upon him except as a condition of giving him his costs.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281 
Such a judgment is not set aside in the exercise of discretion but as a matter of judicial duty in order to uphold the integrity of the judicial process. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800 he appellant is entitled to have the judgment dated 08.06.2018 set aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800\charrsid9655800 ex debito justitiae}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9655800  as being an irregularity.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13054349  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823 There is a strong distinction between setting aside a judgment for }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773616 irregularity,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823  in which case the court has no discretion to refuse to set it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773616 aside,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823  and setting it aside where the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14773616 judgment,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823 
 though regular, has been obtained through some 
slip or error on the part of the defendant, in which case the court has a discretion to impose terms as a condition of granting the defendant relief. But although the court is bound to set aside an irregular judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9784823\charrsid6909598 ex debito justitiae}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823 , it has always exercised }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9784823  as to costs, and has imposed terms as a condition of the exercise of that discretion \endash  a common term being that the defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6909598 
shall not bring any action.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 [24]\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 The former Court of Appeal for Eastern Africa, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4609363\charrsid8089835 Ali Bin Khamis v. Salim Bin Khamis Kirobe & Others}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4609363 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\super\insrsid4609363 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4609363  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463371 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4609363 1956}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463371 )}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4609363  1 EA 195}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 
expressed the view that where an order is made without service upon a person who is affected by it, procedural cockups will not deter the court, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363\charrsid8089835 ex debito justitiae}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 , from setting aside such an or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8089835 der. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13312103 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13312103 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 Briggs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8089835  J}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363  with whom Worley }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8089835 J }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 and Sinclair, VP.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9463371 Concurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 , stated thus:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281\charrsid4609363 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4609363 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9463371 On}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 
 the appeal before us Mr Khanna relied on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4609363\charrsid8089835 Craig v Kanseen [1943] 1 All ER 108}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 
 as showing that where an order is improperly made without serving a person known to be affected by it and having a statutory right to be served before it can be made, the order is a nullity in the sense that it must be set aside ex debito nullity procedu
re is unimportant, since the court has inherent jurisdiction to set aside its own order.  I accept these principles, as laid down by Lord Greene, MR\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4609363 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab [Emphasis added]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4609363\charrsid4609363 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3287281 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3287281 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 
The appellant applied to set aside the judgment because he wanted to be heard.  He was interested in defending the suit.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707856 
 I find that the appellant has met the threshold for the setting aside of ex parte judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4399101  I am satisfied that the Magistrate was plainly wrong.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3943965  I should without hesitation set aside the ex parte judgment entered against the appellant on 08.06.2018.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6044300 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15822555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4077066 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4744634 Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid3961358 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4744634 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 
\par 
\par 1.\tab The appeal is allowed.
\par 
\par 2.\tab The ruling of the Resident Magistrate dated 12/09/2019 is set aside.
\par 
\par 3.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3152712 The ex-parte judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3943965 entered against the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3152712 
on 08-06-2018 is set aside.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3152712 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5192342 4.          I make no order as to costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4744634 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7019362 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4744634 Jude Nanayakkara}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4744634\charrsid4744634 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4744634 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4744634\charrsid4744634 [Judge]
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4744634 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2901114 
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\b\f0\fs24\insrsid4463124\charrsid4744634 
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\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid3961358 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4744634\charrsid4744634  29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\super\insrsid4744634\charrsid4744634 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid4744634\charrsid4744634  May, 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid9193773 20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8469334\charrsid8469334 
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