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{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\nofeaturethrottle1\ilfomacatclnup5{\*\ftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4214749 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8747499 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4214749 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8747499 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4214749 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8747499 \chftnsep 
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\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8747499 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14567789\sftnbj {\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3884527  PAGE   \\* MERGEFORMAT }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5455198 10}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3884527 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3884527 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3111505 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid7735183\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 AT LAUTOKA
\par EMPLOYMENT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505  JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid13378582\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12992800 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\cf17\insrsid1997258\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs12 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs12\cf17\insrsid4338799\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx6379\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 ERCC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid7894996\charrsid3111505  No:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 07}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid4019835\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13378582 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs20\ul\cf17\insrsid1997258\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid1997258\charrsid3111505 BETWEEN}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1997258\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\cf17\insrsid3111505\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\widctlpar\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 
FEDERATED ARILINE STAFF ASSOCIATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9454748\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2130\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs12 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs12\cf17\insrsid1779062\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 PLAINTIFF}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid16598031\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid14843072\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid11276241\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx1701\tx2127\tx2835\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid7894996\charrsid3111505 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8137479\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\cf17\insrsid3111505\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 AIR TERMINAL SERVICES}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8137479\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid7894996\charrsid3111505 DEFENDANT}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \fi-2835\li2835\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx142\tx1701\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2835\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx142\tx1701\tx2127\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11276241\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 BEFORE}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1459294\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14287338\charrsid3111505 M. Javed Mansoor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6510016\charrsid3111505 , J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1459294\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs6 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs6\cf17\insrsid11276241\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16729219\charrsid3111505 COUNSEL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16479635\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14843072\charrsid3111505 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2891742\charrsid3111505 . N. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14680264\charrsid3111505 R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2891742\charrsid3111505 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 adarath }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14843072\charrsid3111505 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2891742\charrsid3111505 . M. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 Anthony}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505  for the Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16479635\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6510016\charrsid3111505 . D. Sharma with Ms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6510016\charrsid3111505 G. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505 Fatima}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14843072\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6108085\charrsid3111505 Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7561558\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7561558\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1459294\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15166694\charrsid3111505 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9315671\charrsid3111505 1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15166694\charrsid3111505 August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16674158\charrsid3111505  2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid596816 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1779062\charrsid3111505 Date of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14045565\charrsid3111505 Decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4330748\charrsid3111505 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12417884\charrsid3111505 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15166694\charrsid3111505 0 November}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9315671\charrsid3111505  2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4094734\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7735183\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11538296 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8673847\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007559 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13396245\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13396245 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs40 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs40\ul\cf17\insrsid14045565\charrsid3111505 DECISION}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs40 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs40\ul\cf17\insrsid1007559\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid938372 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid6431824\charrsid3111505 EMPLOYMENT LAW: 
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid11682225\charrsid3111505 ORIGINATING SUMMONS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid596816\charrsid3111505 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid6431824\charrsid3111505 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid596816\charrsid3111505 
Collective agreement \endash  Whether termination of all employees terminates collective agreement \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid11682225\charrsid3111505 
Whether frustration or act of God terminates collective agreement \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid938372\charrsid3111505  Sections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid10888702\charrsid3111505  6,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid938372\charrsid3111505  24, 41, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid6431824\charrsid3111505 144}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid11682225\charrsid3111505  &}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid6431824\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid938372\charrsid3111505 160 (3) of the Employment Relations Act 2007 \endash  Employment Relations (Amendment) Act 2020   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid596816\charrsid3111505     }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 The following c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 ases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 referred to in this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid10888702\charrsid3111505 
decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 :
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 a)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 Edwinton Commercial Corporation v Tsavliris Russ (Worldwide Salwage and Towage) Ltd, \'93The Sea Angel [2007] EWCA Civ 547}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid4357128\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 
McGavin Toastmaster Ltd v Ainscough Et Al [1976] 2 S.C.R 718
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 c)\tab}London Transit Commission v ATU [1983] 10 LAC 348
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 d)\tab}Fiji Public Services Association v Board of Fire Commissioners of Suva }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 (1991) FJHC 52, HBC 01451.88s (28 August 1991)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 e)\tab}Huron (County) v Service Employees Union Local }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 210}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid16346769\charrsid3111505 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505  200}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid16346769\charrsid3111505 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505  Canlii 16893 (ON CA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs21 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs21\cf17\insrsid12151728\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li360\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid8224490 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8224490 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8224490\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 The plaintiff filed an originating summons on 30 June 2020 seeking to determine }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7622032\charrsid3111505 the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505  questions of law which are reproduced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7622032\charrsid3111505 verbatim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8025387\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 a.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 Whether the recent amendment passed under the Employment Relations (Amendment) Act to section 24 of the 
Employment Relations Act 2007 gives a right to an employer to terminate a collective agreement and/ or member of a part to a collective agreement?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8025387\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
Whether an employer can rely on section 41 of the Employment Relations Act 2007 elect to terminate an employee who is a member of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7622032\charrsid3111505 U}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 nion which is a party to a collective agreement?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8025387\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 c.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
Whether the doctrine of frustration and/ or the statutory exception of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7622032\charrsid3111505 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
ct of God as provided for under the Employment Relations Act 2007 apply to collective agreement?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 d.\tab}Whether section 24, section 41 and the doctrine of frustration and/ or statutory exception of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7090016\charrsid3111505 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
ct of God is available to the defendant to terminate the collective agreement in the circumstances and particularly when they have advertised for all the position purportedl
y terminated in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020 being within 8 days of the purported termination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 ?\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8025387\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8025387\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 The plaintiff sought the following orders:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 a.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 A declaration that the defendant\rquote 
s termination letter dated 19 June 2020 is unlawful and is in breach of the collective agreement dated 22 January 1998.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
An order that the termination letters dated 19 June 2020 addressed to all members of the plaintiff be withdrawn forthwith.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 c.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 A declaration that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 octrine of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 f}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 rustration and/or the statutory exception of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 ct of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 od
 do not apply to collective agreement.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 d.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
An injunction that the defendant and/or servants and/or their agents be restrained from terminating the collective agreement.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 e.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 An injunction that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 efendant and/or servants agents be restrained from terminating the members of the plaintiff association.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 f.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 An injunction that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2314620\charrsid3111505 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
efendant and/or servant and/or their agents be restrained from recruiting and/or acting upon the advertisement published in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 g.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 An order that the employees who were purportedly
 terminated by letter dated 19 June 2020 and whose position has been advertised in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020 be forthwith reinstated to their original position under the collective agreement.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10565\charrsid3111505 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505 Prior to filing the originating summons, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid749631\charrsid3111505 he p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505 laintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505 , which is described as a registered trade union of the defendant, and whose members}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11275625\charrsid3111505 , comprising large numbers,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2624579\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 were served with letters of termination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 on or about 22 June 2020, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505 
filed an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505 inter partes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 summons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14710162\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 dated 23 June 2020}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505  and sought orders to restrain the defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 from terminating the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505 employment of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 members of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5585190\charrsid3111505 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 laintiff association }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8205605\charrsid3111505 
and from terminating the collective agreement dated 22 January 1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505  between the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3176369\charrsid3111505 The plaintiff filed }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5444828\charrsid3111505 a second }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3176369\charrsid3111505 inter partes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3176369\charrsid3111505  summons dated 30 June 2020 seeking to restrain the defendant from recruiting and/or acting upon an advertisement published in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13044400\charrsid3111505 The defendant countered that it terminated the employment of the workers as it could not provide work after suffering a 95% reduction in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2624579\charrsid3111505 revenue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13044400\charrsid3111505  due to the Covid-19 pandemic. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4086415\charrsid3111505 By ruling dated 13 July 2020, the court declined to grant the orders sought by the plaintiff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13044400\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13044400\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13044400\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 
Subsequently, the parties were heard concerning the matters raised in the plaintiff\rquote s originating summons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7622032\charrsid3111505  (expedited form) filed on 30 June 2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5444828\charrsid3111505 
The questions raised in the originating summons bear closeness to the matters raised by the plaintiff\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5444828\charrsid3111505 inter partes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5444828\charrsid3111505  summons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505 , and my ruling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5320293\charrsid3111505 
in that matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505 would appear to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13904263\charrsid3111505 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505 traverse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13904263\charrsid3111505 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505 
 some of the matters raised at th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12668209\charrsid3111505 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505  stage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9205506\charrsid3111505 ; the material facts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13904263\charrsid3111505 in both proceedings being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9205506\charrsid3111505 the same.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4613826\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5444828\charrsid3111505   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1385885\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1385885\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7436391\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid486921\charrsid3111505 Whether the recent amendment passed under the Employment 
Relations (Amendment) Act to section 24 of the Employment Relations Act 2007 gives a right to an employer to terminate a collective agreement and/ or member of a part to a collective agreement?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid786853\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid16212911\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li709\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16212911\charrsid3111505 
The amendment to section 24 of the Act, which was introduced by Act No.11 of 2020, states an \'93act of God\'94 includes a pandemic declared by the World Health Organization. S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505 ection 24 (1) of the Act states that an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2125655\charrsid3111505 employer must}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2125655\charrsid3111505  unless the worker has broken his or her contract of service or the contract is frustrated or
 its performance prevented by an act of God, provide the worker with work in accordance with the contract during the period for which the contract is binding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505 . Th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14564782\charrsid3111505 ese}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8289247\charrsid3111505  are exceptional }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505 situations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9791074\charrsid3111505  recognis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8289247\charrsid3111505 
ed by the legislature}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8535652\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6323366\charrsid3111505   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2125655\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid2125655\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2125655\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid9205506\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9205506\charrsid3111505 The plaintiff
, though agreeing that sections 24 and 41 of the Employment Relations Act did not apply to a collective agreement, submitted that the actions of the defendant amounted to treating the collective agreement as terminated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7022976\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535430\charrsid3111505 Neither party has taken the position that the collective agreement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15166694\charrsid3111505 was expressly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535430\charrsid3111505 terminated. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7022976\charrsid3111505 
The defendant\rquote s position is that the collective agreement may have become ineffective, but it is not terminated. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16126111\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 
In my previous ruling of 13 July 2020, in regard to the question of termination of the collective agreement, I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13841491\charrsid3111505 held the view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505  that the termination of employees 
will not result in bringing the trade union to an end or in terminating the collective agreement, which will continue in force until the expiry of the term as provided by the collective agreement, and while it is in force, it will bind the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5577572\charrsid3111505 defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 employer and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5577572\charrsid3111505 plaintiff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 union, a body corporate with perpetual succession}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid14561017\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid14561017 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14561017  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14561017 Section 144 of the Employment Relations Act 2007}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126111\charrsid3111505 . 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7436391\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7436391\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid13186220\charrsid3111505 Whether an employer can rely on section 41 of the Employment Relations Act 2007 elect to terminate a
n employee who is a member of a union which is a party to a collective agreement?
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid786853\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li709\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 Section 41 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6381967\charrsid3111505 (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 of the Employment Relations Act provides}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6381967\charrsid3111505  that if t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 he employer is unable to fulfill the contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6381967\charrsid3111505 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 the contract may be determined, subject to conditions safegua
rding the right of the worker to wages earned, compensation due to the worker in respect of accident or disease and the worker\rquote s right to repatriation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af37\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2689671\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15171003\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13589006\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505 
The plaintiff rightly submitted that sections 24 and 41 of the Employment Relations Act do not apply to a collective agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6696969\charrsid3111505 
In the prescribed circumstances, the enactment must be taken as entitling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10373541\charrsid3111505 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6696969\charrsid3111505 
 employer to terminate an employee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 \rquote s employment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6696969\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11625221\charrsid3111505 in accordance with the law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6696969\charrsid3111505 
whether or not he is a member of a union that is a party to a collective agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13059264\charrsid3111505 
My attention has not been drawn to anything in the collective agreement which state that its terms are insulated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13256040\charrsid3111505 from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13059264\charrsid3111505  statutory changes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13256040\charrsid3111505  subsequent to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13901287\charrsid3111505 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13256040\charrsid3111505  making}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13901287\charrsid3111505  of the agreement}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13059264\charrsid3111505 . Moreover, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1776906\charrsid3111505 
he collective agreement itself permits the employer to terminate the employment of a worker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1776906\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid1776906 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1776906  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13059264 Article 2B of the collective agreement }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1776906\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15158347\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid5274784\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5274784\charrsid3111505 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505 ection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5274784\charrsid3111505  41}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10373541\charrsid3111505 , however,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505  gives no right to an employer to terminate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 on the ground }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 an employee\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 membership of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6562110\charrsid3111505 a union }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 (}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid947438\charrsid3111505 whether or not it is a party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505  to a collective agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 
The law prohibits such conduct by an employer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid5798260 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5798260  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15735229 Section 6 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid947438 (2) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid15735229\charrsid15735229 supra}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 
A worker is not obliged to join a union}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14947617 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid14947617 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14947617  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14947617 Section 6 (5) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10888702\charrsid10888702 supra}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid477350\charrsid3111505 , to reiterate what was stated in the previous ruling, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 and no employer may make it a condition of employment that a worker must not be or become a member of a trade union}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx6915\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15158347 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid14947617 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14947617  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid14947617 Section 6 (6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid10888702\charrsid10888702 supra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid15158347 
\tab }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14947617\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4216377\charrsid3111505 
A collective agreement is sanctified by law, and an employer who terminates employment for the reason that an employee is a member of a union that is party to a collective agreement may be mad
e answerable. In such circumstances, an aggrieved workman is entitled to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6174878\charrsid3111505 provide evidence of the nature of his dismissal and seek }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4216377\charrsid3111505 relief under the Employment Relations Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6174878\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4216377\charrsid3111505        }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15171003\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5535430\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535430\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid5798260\charrsid3111505 Whether the doctrine of frustration and/ or the statutory exception of act
 of God as provided for under the Employment Relations Act 2007 apply to collective agreements?
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid786853\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 The question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 whether a co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9272864\charrsid3111505 llective agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 
 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 frustrat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505  is a matter to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 ascertained by court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 in the context of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 
factual background}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505 , and not in a general sense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5535106\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid14579552\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6908999\charrsid3111505 The court\rquote s opinion to the next issue should deal with this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080482\charrsid3111505 question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6908999\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 It needs mention
 that the surrounding facts are not without dispute, and, consequently, the court, in these proceedings is restricted in forming an opinion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6908999\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15158347\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15158347\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16212911\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid14312140\charrsid3111505 Whether section 24, section 41 and the doctrine of frustration and/ or statutory exception of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid4676976\charrsid3111505 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid14312140\charrsid3111505 ct of God is available to the defendant to terminate the collective agreement in the circumstances and particularly when they have advertised for all the positio
ns purportedly terminated in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020 being within 8 days of the purported termination?\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid5535430\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid786853\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid11349559\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11349559\charrsid3111505 
The plaintiff persistently submitted that the collective agreement was terminated by the defendant. The plaintiff\rquote s contention is on the basis that the employment of all employees \endash  who are also members of the plaintiff \endash 
 was terminated, and soon after the defendant advertised for all terminated positions in the Fiji Sun dated 27 June 2020, within 8 days of such termination. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2899532\charrsid3111505 
The termination of all employees is proof of the termination of the collective agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8279322\charrsid3111505 , and b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126603\charrsid3111505 y so terminating the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8279322\charrsid3111505 ir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16126603\charrsid3111505 
 employment, the plaintiff submitted, the defendant used section 41 to determine the collective agreement, and thereby compromised the collective bargain that had taken place between the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2899532\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid786853\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid786853\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11743130\charrsid3111505 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 laintiff referred to article 1 of the collective agreement which requires that 
any changes in staff rules, rates of pay, conditions of employment, increase or decrease in the workforce
 and the creation of new classification whether or not specifically contained in the collective agreement to be referred by the defendant to the plaintiff for discussion and mutual agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12742408\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid6509120\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6509120\charrsid3111505 According to t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 he plaintiff there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid948204\charrsid3111505 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 
as no discussion or mutual ag
reement on the issue of termination of the entire workforce. The plaintiff argued that the termination of the employment of the workforce was not denied and that this was evidence of ending the collective agreement by terminating the employment of the ent
ire workforce.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11352010\charrsid3111505  It contended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 that the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11352010\charrsid3111505  acted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5404141\charrsid3111505  contrary to the collective agreement, and that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12742408\charrsid3111505 there was an alternative remedy available other than to terminate the employment of the workers.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4676976\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5381706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5381706\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid3818339\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3818339\charrsid3111505 The defendant claimed
 that it informed all its employees as earl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11353659\charrsid3111505 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3818339\charrsid3111505 
 as 24 March 2020 including the plaintiff\rquote s members of the drastic impact of the pandemic on its business.  The plaintiff, it said, was kept informed of developments throughout the period 19 March 2020 to 18 June 2020.  The defendant contended 
that its revenue plunged by 95%, and that as at May 2020 the company recorded a loss of $2.5 million dollars.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11353659\charrsid3111505  These matters
, however, are in contention and the court is in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid6828867\charrsid3111505 no }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11353659\charrsid3111505 
position to make findings on those controversies.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5404141\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5404141\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5404141\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid2899532\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2899532\charrsid3111505 
The defendant denied having terminated the collective agreement, and claimed that the advertisement did not contravene the agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11349559\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505 Its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 position is that it was entitled to t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505 erminate the workers\rquote  employment in terms of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 Article 2 B of the collective agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505 , s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 ection 41 (a) of the Employment Relations Act 2007}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505  and s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 ection 24 as amended by the Employment Relations (Amendment) Act 2020.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505  The defendant submitted that it has complied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 with section 41 in that it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505  unable to prov}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12474272\charrsid3111505 
ide work to its workers and it h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 as paid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505 the workers }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 all dues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5641686\charrsid3111505 required by law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 upon their termination of employment.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12664549\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12664549\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 
The court agrees with the plaintiff that collective agreements cannot easily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 
terminated or ended.  Section 160 of the Act makes provision for the cessation of the collective agreement. As submitted by the plaintiff the parties agreed that the collective agreement will continue in force until amended or replace}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505  by a further agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12872186\charrsid3111505 The parties\rquote  agreement will keep them bound until it expires according to law. Any breach by a party will be actionable in law in the appropriate forum.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2047691\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2047691\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2047691\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2047691\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 
The contention of the plaintiff, however, is that the m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2891049\charrsid3111505 ass}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 
 termination of the entire workforce has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11743130\charrsid3111505 resulted in the termination of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 
collective agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2047691\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 I have dealt with this aspect in
 my ruling dated 13 July 2020. A collective agreement expires on the date specified in the agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1398973 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid1398973 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1398973 Section 160 (3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1398973\charrsid11673354 ibid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid1398973  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 
. As reasoned there, the termination of employees }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 per se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 
 will not necessarily result in terminating the collective agreement, which will continue in force until the expiry of the term as provided by the collective agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2047691\charrsid3111505 
 and in terms of the Employment Relations Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13589006\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13589006\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 The plaintiff referred to the decisions in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 McGavin Toastmaster Ltd v Ainscough Et Al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\b\i\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid1398973 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973  [1976] 2 S.C.R 718}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12080323\charrsid3111505 London Transit Commission v ATU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\i\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid1398973 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973  [1983] 10 LAC 348}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8660456\charrsid3111505 Fiji Public Services Association v Board of Fire Commissioners of Suva}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\i\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\super\insrsid1398973 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973\charrsid1398973 (1991) FJHC 52, HBC 01451.88s (28 August 1991)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10297692\charrsid3111505 Huron (County) v Service Employees Union Local}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\i\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid1398973 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973\charrsid16346769 210}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid994321\charrsid16346769 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1398973\charrsid16346769  200}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16346769\charrsid16346769 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31506 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1398973\charrsid16346769  Canlii 16893 (ON CA)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1398973\charrsid3111505  in support of its contention that the doctrine of frustration does not apply to collective agreements.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8419379\charrsid3111505 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8419379\charrsid3111505 McGavin Toastmaster Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7082994\charrsid3111505 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505 S
upreme Court of Canada held that common law concepts such as repudiation and fundamental breach should not apply to collective agreements. This is understandable. Collective agreements are in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10507019\charrsid3111505 league of their own. As recognis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505 ed by the Canadian Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7082994\charrsid3111505 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505  common law relations of employer and employee have been altered by labour legislation. Quoting with approval from a
nother Canadian case, the Supreme Court said, \'93The collective agreement is not that sort of contract that can be terminated by repudiation by one party because the other party has broken one of its terms\'94. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7082994\charrsid3111505 There is relevance in this observation to the present matter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8419379\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10297692\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10297692\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8660456\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid8660456\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15554205\charrsid3111505 
The plaintiff submitted that the actions of the defendant have led to the end of the collective agreement by frustration. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5381706\charrsid3111505 
If that is so the collective agreement has come to an end. In the same breath the plaintiff seeks a declaration that common law concepts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3160707\charrsid3111505 
such as frustration and act of G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5381706\charrsid3111505 
od do not apply to collective agreements. I do not think this is a fit case in which to make such a declaration. The defendant has not claimed termination of the collective agreement by frustration, and the material facts are in issue. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7082994\charrsid3111505 In my view, the court would have to venture to an extreme to state that the statutorily }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3160707\charrsid3111505 
regulated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7082994\charrsid3111505 collective agreement between the plaintiff and the defendant has reached its end by frustration.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5381706\charrsid3111505    
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5381706\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5381706\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 
Frustration was explained by Lord Radcliffe in this way i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9845756\charrsid3111505 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9845756\charrsid3111505 Davis Contractors 
Ltd v Fareham UDC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\i\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid11886323 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11886323  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10888702 [1956] 1 AC 696 at 729}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9845756\charrsid3111505 \'93\'85
frustration occurs whenever the law recognises that without default of either party a contractual obligation has become incapable of being performed because the circumstances in which performance is called for would render it a thing 
radically different from that which was undertaken by the contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 \'85\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9845756\charrsid3111505 
It was not this that I promised to do.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid10899599\charrsid3111505 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid9845756\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11626596\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11626596\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1928561\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 
The importance of the considering the factual background was explained i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 
Edwinton Commercial Corporation v Tsavliris Russ (Worldwide Salwage and Towage) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 , \'93The Sea Angel\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs29\f39\fs24\cf17\super\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13251436 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs29\super\insrsid13251436 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13251436  [2007] EWCA Civ 547}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 
the English Court of Appeal in this way where the doctrine of frustration is an issue: \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 
In my judgment, the application of the doctrine of frustration requires a multi-factorial approach. Among the factors which have to be considered are the terms of the contract itself, its matrix or context, the parties\rquote 
 knowledge, expectations, assumptions and contemplations, in particular as to risk, as at the time of the contract\'85\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13251436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid13251436\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 The defendant submitted that there was a serious iss
ue about the validity of the collective agreement.  In terms of section 160(3) of Employment Relations Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505  a procedure was in place for replacement of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 collective agreement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 expired on 31 August 1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 . T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 his }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 procedure, it was contended, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 has not been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 followed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 
It was submitted that in terms of the amended law, a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 collective agreement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 
could continue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 in force for a further twelve months}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 
 from the date of expiry mentioned in such agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 . Within that period the union must i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 nitiate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505  collective bargain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 ing}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505  to replace the old agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 amended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 law}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 , the defendant submitted,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505  no longer allowed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 collective agreement to continue forever.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4927403\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505 At the hearing, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid16461607\charrsid3111505 
Mr. Sharma did raise the question of the collective agreement\rquote s validity on the ground of non-registration, but did not pursue the matter. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15751511\charrsid3111505 
Mr. Semisi Turagabaleti }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505 clarified the matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15751511\charrsid3111505  in his }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12602808\charrsid3111505 supplementary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15751511\charrsid3111505 affidavit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12602808\charrsid3111505 filed on 20 August 2020 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15751511\charrsid3111505 that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5060909\charrsid3111505 
c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12602808\charrsid3111505 ollective }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5060909\charrsid3111505 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid12602808\charrsid3111505 greement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15751511\charrsid3111505 dated 22 January 1998 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid747461\charrsid3111505 wa}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2046756\charrsid3111505 s registered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid747461\charrsid3111505 on 16 February 1998 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2046756\charrsid3111505 under the Trade Disputes Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505  I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505  indicated to the parties that this was not a matter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 that would be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505 go}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 ne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1841635\charrsid3111505 
 into, and the court would only determine the matters in the originating summons. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11557655\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1928561\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\cf17\insrsid2185244\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5060909\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2185244\charrsid3111505 
The orders sought by the plaintiff are declined for the reasons stated above. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 Some of the reliefs are the same as those sought in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 inter partes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 
 summons that have been ruled upon, and are dismissed for the reasons stated in my ruling dated 30 July 2020. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7699957\charrsid3111505 
This decision makes no finding as to whether or not the terminations of the employees were lawfully carried out. There are appropriate mechanisms in the law for that inquiry alongside remedies. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5322401\charrsid3111505 There is also no evidence of an imminent threat of the defendant taking steps to terminate the collective agreement so as to warrant injunctive relief.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid7699957\charrsid3111505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid5322401\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11886323\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid11886323\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li709\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid16207456 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4479014\charrsid3111505 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4094734\charrsid3111505 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx851\tx1418\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16414169\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid540351\charrsid3111505 ORDERS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\cf17\insrsid4094734\charrsid3111505 :

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 A.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 orders sought in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 plaintiff\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3743217\charrsid3111505 originating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 summons dated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3743217\charrsid3111505 30 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 June 2020 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505  d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid1928561\charrsid3111505 eclined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid15091646\charrsid3111505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4215552\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid4215552\charrsid3111505 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 \hich\af39\dbch\af31506\loch\f39 B.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid10565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid2563718\charrsid3111505 Parties are to bear their own costs.
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\cf17\insrsid3111505 
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