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{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
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{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
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{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
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\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qc \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13458153\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 CIVIL APPEAL NO: HBA 17 of 2017}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13458153\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid13458153\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs3\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \fi-2880\li2880\ri0\sb100\widctlpar\tx2160\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid13458153 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 GYANENDRA NAMBIA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  f/n Krishna of Waimalika, Sabeto,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 Nadi
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \fi-2880\li2880\ri0\widctlpar\tx2160\tx2880\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 APPELLANT
\par (ORIGINAL FIRST DEFENDANT)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \fi-2880\li2880\ri0\sb100\widctlpar\tx2160\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs11\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 A N D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 FIJI DEVELOPMENT BANK}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  a body corporate duly
constituted under the Fiji Development Bank Act, Cap 214 and having its principal office at 360 Victoria Parade, Suva.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2115656\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li2880\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs17\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\super\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 ST}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  RESPONDENT
\par (ORIGINAL PLAINTIFF)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \fi-2070\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs17\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 A N D\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 THE ATTORNEY GENERAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  sued on behalf of Lautoka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 Rural Local Authority and Nadi Rural Local Authority.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\super\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 ND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
 RESPONDENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 (ORIGINAL THIRD PARTY)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs17\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 A N D\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 NARENDRA KUMAR NAIR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  f/n Krishna of Waimalika,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13458153  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 Sabeto, Nadi.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \fi-2070\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13458153 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\super\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 RD}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  DEFENDANT
\par (ORIGINAL SECOND DEFENDANT)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13458153 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid13458153 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 Appearances:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs20\insrsid14305081\charrsid13458153 Mr. Nazeem Sahu Khan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  for Appellant
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\insrsid10318136\charrsid13458153 Vijay Naidu for 1st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\insrsid9271177\charrsid13458153 Ms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs20\insrsid14305081\charrsid13458153  Faktaufon for the 2nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs20\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153  Respondent
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid13458153 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 Hearing:\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid10318136\charrsid13458153 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 19 May 2019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840\charrsid13458153 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid13458153 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 Date of Ruling:\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid10318136\charrsid13458153 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 16 August 2019}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid12132029\charrsid13458153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4933840 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs6\ul\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840\charrsid11868268 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs2\ul\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840\charrsid2115656 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4933840 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs48 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs48\ul\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840\charrsid8222973 \hich\af39\dbch\af31505\loch\f39 R U L I N G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs48 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs48\ul\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4933840 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs48 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs2\ul\lang3081\langfe1042\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af31505\langnp3081\langfenp1042\insrsid4792268\charrsid11868268 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8653934 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs2\ul\insrsid2115656\charrsid11868268 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9271177\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9271177 INTRODUCTION
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9271177\charrsid9271177 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8653934\charrsid10183109 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid10183109\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8653934\charrsid10183109 This is an appeal of a ruling dated 01 September 2017}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10031940\charrsid10183109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8653934\charrsid10183109 of the Magistrates Court sitting in Lautoka.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2115656\charrsid10183109  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10183109\charrsid10183109 Following a trial, the learned Magistrate, Raramasi Salakubou, entered judgment in favour of FDB in the sum of $32,973.77. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2696727  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10183109\charrsid2696727 The judgment was entered jointly and severally against Nambiar and Nair. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10183109\charrsid5579632 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10183109\charrsid10183109 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid13894153\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10183109\charrsid10183109 The Attorney-General was the third party in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153 proceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10183109\charrsid10183109 . He was being sued for and on behalf of the Lautoka Rural Local Authority and the Nadi Rural Local Authority. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid13894153\charrsid13894153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13894153\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153\charrsid13894153 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153\charrsid13894153 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid13894153\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153\charrsid13894153 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2115656\charrsid13894153  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 Fiji Development Bank (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 \'93FDB\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153 had filed its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2115656\charrsid13894153  claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153\charrsid13894153  on 19 April 2011}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153 . What it sought to recover was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2115656\charrsid13894153 
the balance of monies owing to it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153  by Gyanendra Nambiar (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 \'93Nambiar\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 ) and Narendra Kumar Nair (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 \'93Nair\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4792268\charrsid13894153 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13894153  pursuant to a loan agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid13894153 Nambiar had borrowed the total sum of $}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10318136\charrsid13894153 23,000-00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid13894153  from the FDB on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10318136\charrsid13894153 01 March 2005.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12666201\charrsid13894153  His first payment was due on 31 March 2005 and his last on 28 February 2012. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid12666201\charrsid13894153 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14305081\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14305081\charrsid14305081 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid807041 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-633\li993\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid3606713\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid807041 The borrowed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13894153 money }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid807041 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12666201 to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid807041 applied principally to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10318136 purchase livestock and to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid352946\charrsid807041 
set up a piggery farming project.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid807041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid14305081 
The said project was to be run on a residential lease which Nambiar and Nair had over some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid14305081  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid14305081 
-taukei land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3426730\charrsid14305081  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3439212 known}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid14305081  as }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3439212 Laukomomo No. 6 Lot 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12024514  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12666201 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12024514 n the District of Sabeto Area 1874 Square Meters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12024514\charrsid3552234 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12024514 -TLTB No. 6/10/6256.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16664282\charrsid14305081 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid8531009 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 5.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 The following securities were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 given by Nambiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840  for the loan.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs13\insrsid8531009\charrsid7165341 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 
ort}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8339606 gage in favour of FDB over the lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (ii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 ill of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 ale in favour of FDB over some vehicles
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (iii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093 a guarantee by Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 6.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 Nambiar c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 ould not keep up with the loan repayments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3439212  of $475-00 per }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079 quarter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16283012 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\cf6\insrsid3758193 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 GROUNDS OF APPEAL
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 7.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
There are twelve grounds of appeal. I would summarize these as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
the first set of grounds of appeal relate to the alleged err on the part of the Learned Magistrate in failing to consider that FDB had been negligent.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 the second set of grou
nds of appeal all swirl around the basic allegation that the Learned Magistrate had failed to take into account that Lautoka Rural Local Authority as well as the Nadi Rural Local Authority were also both negligent.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 the third set of grounds of appeal
 are general allegations about the Learned Magistrate not properly evaluating the body of evidence.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16283012\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid16283012 FDB NOTICES}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid16283012\charrsid16283012 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid16283012\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16283012 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs22\insrsid8531009\charrsid5579632 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid8531009\charrsid5579632 FDB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid3426730\charrsid5579632 
 issued }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 the following notices}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid8476437\charrsid5579632  to Nambiar and Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 :

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12666201\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clcbpatraw19 \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clcbpatraw19 \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clcbpatraw19 \cellx9468\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12666201\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 Date\cell Nature of Correspondence\cell Details\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clcbpatraw19 \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clcbpatraw19 \cellx4500\clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clcbpatraw19 \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8531009\yts27\contextualspace 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 05/08/09\cell Letter to Nambiar\cell Arrears 
of $300 as at 31/07/09. Debt Balance $31,371.46.\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8531009\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 11/09/09\cell Letter to Nambiar\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12666201\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 Arrears of $775 as at 31/08/09. Debt Balance $31,697.46.\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8531009\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 01/12/09\cell Letter to Nambiar\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7165341\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 Arrears of $}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 1,250}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632  as at 31/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 /09. Debt Balance $}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 2,726.77}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12666201\charrsid5579632 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8531009\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 05/01/10\cell Letter to Nambiar\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid7165341\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 Arrears of $1,250 as at 31/11/09. Debt Balance $33,123.77\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165341\charrsid5579632 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid7165341\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid807041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 Nambiar and Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid4933840  both failed to remedy the default. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid807041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid807041 
FDB then instituted civil proceedings in the Magistrates Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7165341 on 19 July 2011 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009\charrsid807041 
to recover the balance of monies owing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8531009 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9271177\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9271177\charrsid9271177 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid12024514 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid9271177\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid12024514 
As to why Nambiar could not service the loan, he argues that it was because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid12024514 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9271177\charrsid12024514 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid12024514 TLTB had re-entered the lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12024514\charrsid12024514  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9271177 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8476437\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8476437\charrsid8476437 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid8476437\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8476437\charrsid3552234 i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8476437 -TLTB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid15216905 \rquote S POSITION LEADING TO RE-ENTRY OF LEASE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8476437\charrsid8476437 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12024514\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12024514\charrsid12024514 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3552234\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234 As I have said, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 
the lease in question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9271177 was a residential lease. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 Nambiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384 
 was operating a piggery on the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713  over which the residential lease in question was granted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 That use was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384 contrary to the purpose for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid10756384 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 the land }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid10756384 was demised under the lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid9271177  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid3552234  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3606713 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3606713\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3606713 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15925901\charrsid3552234 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 12.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3606713\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15925901\charrsid3552234 The evidence is clear that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9271177\charrsid3552234 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9271177\charrsid3552234 -TLTB }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3552234 gave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3552234  a Notice to Na}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234 mbiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646  and Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3552234  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646 of their breach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 . It also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646 
imposed a penalty. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3606713\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3606713 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3606713\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 -TLTB gave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3552234 Na}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 mbiar and Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713  a chance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 rectify the breach. This was to be done by lodging an application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 
to change the lease from a residential to a light industrial lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 -TLTB even }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 went to the extent of obtaining the landowners\rquote  consent, and also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 pledged its support of a rezoning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 . The only proviso was that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3552234 Na}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 mbiar and Nair }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713\charrsid3606713 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 ay up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713  the penalty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 and also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3606713 obtain the approval of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3606713 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3606713 ural Local Authority}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 Nambiar and Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713  failed to comply.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3606713 t was }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3552234\charrsid3606713 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3606713 then that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3606713 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10756384\charrsid3606713 -TLTB re-entered the lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15925901\charrsid3606713  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid3606713 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12669646\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12669646\charrsid12669646 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15925901\charrsid3552234 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid5579632\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15925901\charrsid3552234 Below is the relevant chronology:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5579632\charrsid5579632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15925901\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs13\insrsid15925901\charrsid12526356 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clcbpatraw19 \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clcbpatraw19 \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clcbpatraw19 \cellx9468\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 Date\cell Nature of Correspondence\cell Details\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15925901\charrsid12666201 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clcbpatraw19 \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clcbpatraw19 \cellx4500\clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \clcbpat19\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clcbpatraw19 \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15925901\yts27\contextualspace 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 22/08/05\cell }\pard \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 Notice to Nambiar & Nair\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 Recent i-TLTB inspection revealed breach of residential lease by operating a piggery thereon.
\par Remedy breach within one month and pay $1,000 in penalty OR risk termination of lease.\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15925901\charrsid12666201 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15925901\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 06/02/06\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 Nambiar\rquote s & Nair\rquote s Application To Change Lease Class from Residential to Light Industrial.\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 This is referred to in i-TLTB\rquote 
s Letter of 24/02/06.\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1519742\charrsid12666201 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15925901\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 24/02/06\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 i-TLTB Letter to Nambiar & Nair\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid4748688\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 Landowners support application to change lease class from residential to lig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 ht industrial. i-TLTB will support the application subject to:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1519742\charrsid5579632 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2\pararsid4748688\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 (a)\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }Payment of $1,000 penalty fee\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 {\*\nesttableprops\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4748688\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb
\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth247\clshdrawnil \cellx465\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4490\clshdrawnil \cellx4752\nestrow}{\nonesttables
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2\pararsid4748688\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 (b)\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }Approval of Local Authority\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 {\*\nesttableprops\trowd \irow1\irowband1\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4748688\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb
\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth247\clshdrawnil \cellx465\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4490\clshdrawnil \cellx4752\nestrow}{\nonesttables
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2\pararsid4748688\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 (c)\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }Comply with the above in 8 weeks, failing which i-TLTB will proceed with termination as per Legal Notice of 22/08/05\nestcell{\nonesttables
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap2 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 {\*\nesttableprops\trowd \irow2\irowband2\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid4748688\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb
\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth247\clshdrawnil \cellx465\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4490\clshdrawnil \cellx4752\nestrow}{\nonesttables
\par }\ltrrow}\trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil 
\cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid4748688\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4748688\charrsid5579632 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1519742\charrsid12666201 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15925901\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid3870412\charrsid5579632 24/02/06\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid3870412\charrsid5579632 Notice Under Section 105 Property Law Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid1311217\charrsid5579632  to Nambiar & Nair}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid3870412\charrsid5579632 \cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid1311217\charrsid5579632 i-TLTB suspending further action to terminate lease due to Nambiar\rquote s and Nair\rquote s interest in regularizing their use of the land. $1,000 penalty must still be paid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid3870412\charrsid5579632 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3870412\charrsid12666201 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\ltrrow
\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil \cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl
\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row \ltrrow}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid15925901\yts27\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 07/07/06\cell }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid3870412\yts27\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 NOTICE OF RE-ENTRY\cell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid15925901\charrsid5579632 On account of breaches as stipulated in 22/08/05 Notice.\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15925901\charrsid12666201 
\trowd \irow5\irowband5\lastrow \ltrrow\ts27\trgaph108\trleft900\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid3870412\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1008\tblindtype3 \clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1080\clshdrawnil \cellx1980\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2520\clshdrawnil 
\cellx4500\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4968\clshdrawnil \cellx9468\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15925901\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15925901 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5579632\charrsid7894093 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid9271177\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs2\insrsid9271177\charrsid2696727 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid10183109 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid807041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid10183109 Nambiar said in his evidence that he did inform FDB of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid8066173\charrsid7894093 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5721826 -TLTB\rquote s requirement. I note that he only gave a rather broad and loose sweeping statement}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9179034  to this effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5721826 , as follows. He was not pressed about who in fact gave him that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9179034 
advice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5721826 , or where the statement was given.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8066173 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10041586\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10041586 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1260\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid5579632\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10041586\charrsid10183109 FDB said that it is not a problem 
\endash  you don\rquote t have to pay if anything happens then we will see in the Court because they have given us the approval.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10041586 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12132029\charrsid5579632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10183109\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6648745 CASE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10183109\charrsid10183109  AGAINST THE RURAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8531009\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10183109\charrsid9271177 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6648745 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10183109\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6648745 
The case against the Rural Local Authorities appears to swirl around the allegation that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid486375 Secretary of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6648745 Lautoka Rural Local }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid486375 Authority (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid486375\charrsid486375 \'93LRLA\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid486375 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6648745 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid486375 endorsed the LRLA consent on a plan which Nambiar had submitted for approval. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6648745  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid486375 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15278154\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 17.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154 
The evidence of Nambiar in chief is that, after he obtained that approval, he then took it to FDB which then started releasing him the money}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f39\fs23\super\insrsid15278154 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\super\insrsid10501679 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679  See page 311 of Record of Magistrates Court.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154 . Later, as it turned out, he would find out }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860 when the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154  Nadi Rural Local Authority (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid15278154\charrsid11101860 \'93NRLA\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15278154 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860 
 issued him a Public Health Nuisance Notice that his locality fell within the NRLA. In cross examination, Nambiar said he had no idea that his locality fell within the NRLA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734 jurisdiction}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860  rather that the LRLA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9899358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid9899358 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 
The evidence suggests that Nambiar had been undertaking some pig farming on the land in question, albeit on a smaller scale, well before he approached FDB for a loan. Nambiar gave evidence in chief that when he applied for a loan with FDB, FDB asked hi
m to obtain a letter of recommendation from the Department of Agriculture, which he did (DEX1). The recommendation from the Department  which is dated 22 October 2004 stated:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1260\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 
Mr. Gyanendra is a well-known small-scale piggery farmer. He has a thorough know
ledge in piggery farming for the last 14 years. He is an interested pig farmer and has capabilities to do piggery farming on a large scale. As there is always a market for pigs locally, there is no problem with the marketing structure (current market 
\endash  Fiji Meats, local buyers).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13850734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13850734\charrsid13850734 
The report actually stated that Nambiar started pig farming in 1990 with 2 sows and in 2000, his stock number had increased to 30. When his lease expired in 2001, h
e sold all his stock. However, when his lease was renewed later in the same year (2001), he resumed pig farming with 2 sows. At the time of the report, his stock had increased to 4 sows.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11101860\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860\charrsid11101860 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860\charrsid9899358 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid9899358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11101860\charrsid9899358 His claim is that the Secretary of the LRLA was negligent in end
orsing consent on his plans. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9899358\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid9899358 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 I accept }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid11101860\charrsid9899358 that the Learned Magistrate did not direct his mind to the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 bove points. If he had, he would have had to confront}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 the question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 whether or not the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 
Secretary LRLA\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 approval was the proximate cause of his loss, his loss being the re-entry of his lease by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid9899358 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 -TLTB.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7765892\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892\charrsid7765892 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 22.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7765892\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892 
The evidence appears to suggest that the approval was hastily obtained in order for FDB to release the funds to Nambiar. It was still incumbent upon Nambiar to regularize his compliance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436 after}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892  he received the funds.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7765892\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7765892\charrsid7765892 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436\charrsid2239436 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 23.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2239436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436\charrsid2239436 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 he law requires }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436\charrsid2239436 Nambiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436  to obtain the consent of the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 
-TLTB as well as any other consent required under any other written law before carrying out the piggery operation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523  (see further below)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 The evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 DW3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436  Niko Nadolo,
 Senior Assistant Health Inspector with the LRLA states that the procedure is that when an applicant submits an application with any rural Local Authority, the application should be accompanied by a set of plans already endorsed by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 -TLTB or the Direct
or of Lands, depending on whether or not the land is a state lease or an i-taukei lease. The Rural Local Authority concerned then carries out an inspection. They then prepare a report and then forward it to the Director of Town & Country Planning for furt
her scrutiny. If the DTCP consents, it will then endorse its consents on the documents which is then sent back to the Rural Local Authority for approval.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14966190\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 25.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 DW3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 said the approval which the plaintiff relied on was a dubious one and not a proper one. It did not have the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5579632  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14966190\charrsid2239436 -TLTB consent or the DTCP consent.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14966190\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14966190\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid2239436 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 26.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2239436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid2239436 I must say that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2239436 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid2239436  is hard to believe that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865 Nambiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid2239436  did not know that his locality fell within the jurisdiction of NRLA rather t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436 han LRLA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9899358\charrsid2239436 considering that he had been living on the land since 1990. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865 That is neither here nor there. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16059865\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865\charrsid16059865 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2239436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865 At the end of the day, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16069379 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\ul\insrsid16059865\charrsid16069379 proximate cause}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865  of Nambiar\rquote s inability to service the loan was}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16069379  the fact that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid16069379\charrsid16069379 i-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16069379 
TLTB had re-entered the lease, lawfully. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid16069379\charrsid16069379 i-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16069379 TLTB re-entered the lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16059865  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16069379 after Nambiar failed to pay the $1,000 penalty fee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16059865 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16069379  The LRLA\rquote s approval of Nambiar\rquote s plan does not even feature remotely in this chain of causation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9899358 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12132029\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12132029 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2239436\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2239436\charrsid2239436 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10183109\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10183109\charrsid3758193 
ALLEGATION AGAINST FDB
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3496936\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 Nambiar allege}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 s that FDB was negligent:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
in granting him that loan when it knew that the land was a residential lease and when no required consent or approval had been granted by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 -TLTB or by the Rural Local Authority to build and operate the piggery on the said land and when the land had not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 
 been rezoned for that purpose, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1620\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin1620\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 in advising him not to pay the $1,000 fine levied by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid15886277\charrsid16069379 i-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 TLTB.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277\charrsid3758193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 As to (i) above, Nambiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193 allege}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid3758193 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193  relied and acted on the advice of FDB and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12136314\charrsid3758193 contribute}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid3758193 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12136314\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193 $10,000 of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3496936\charrsid3758193 own equity together with $23,000 loaned from FDB to build the piggery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15886277  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 It would appear that FDB was aware that the lease in question was a residential lease at the time when it granted the loan to Nambiar. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 Nambiar argued that FDB should have first required him (Nambiar) to obtain the regulatory consents of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 
-TLTB and Rural Local Authority before granting him the loan and that, as a lending institution, FDB was obligated to follow a Responsible Lending Conduct Obligations (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 \'93
RLCO\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15949092\charrsid15886277 ) to customers and borrowers.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9792070\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid9792070\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8192160\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8192160\charrsid3758193 THE LAW
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8087461\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8087461 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-491\li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid7894093\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8192160\charrsid3758193 he relationship between FDB and Nambiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 is primarily a contractual one. It arose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8192160\charrsid3758193  out of their mortgage/loan agreement.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3041889\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8220864\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 Nambiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 however, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3041889\charrsid3758193 assert}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3041889\charrsid3758193  liability against }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 FDB based on any aspect of their loan agreement. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3041889\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 Rather, he is asserting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 a tortious }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 liability}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 
based on the common law of negligence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 
No argument is raised about any implied duty imposed under any Fiji statute.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid15886277\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 31.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-491\li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid7894093\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15886277 Nambiar\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193  basic allegations are:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid7894093\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8220864\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1571\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin1571\itap0\pararsid7894093\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8220864\charrsid3758193 that FDB }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 should have advised him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193  (Nambiar) to first obtain the regulatory consents before actually advancing him the money. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (ii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 
FDB was negligent in misadvising him not to take heed of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7894093\charrsid3758193 -TLTB\rquote s request to 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12979279\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs13\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-491\li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid3041889\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 I underscore the phrase \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 should have advised him\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8220864\charrsid3758193 emphasise }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 that FDB actually rendered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10223798\charrsid3758193 no advice of any kind}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193  to Nambiar, in terms of regularizing compliance with planning laws.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12979279\charrsid3758193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10223798\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10223798 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid10501679\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid10501679\charrsid5579632 
Was FDB Negligent In Not Advising Nambiar To Obtain i-TLTB\rquote s & NRLA Consent Before Releasing The Money?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid10501679\charrsid5579632 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10223798\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10501679\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 33.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid938572\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193 Generally, a cause of action in negligence requires a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1335219\charrsid3758193 n injured}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193  party to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1335219\charrsid3758193 establish }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193 the existence of a duty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1335219\charrsid3758193  of care and that the said duty was in fact breached, which breach was }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193 the proximate cause of the damages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid1335219\charrsid3758193  suffered.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7091441\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3416839\charrsid938572 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid938572 first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3416839\charrsid938572 question is whether or not a lender such as FDB owes a borrower a duty of care}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12216217\charrsid938572  and if so, what is the nature of that duty?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3416839\charrsid938572 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11293987\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid11293987\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11293987\charrsid3758193 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 34.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid3758193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11293987\charrsid3758193 
Nambiar, says that he relied on and acted on the advice of FDB and contributed $10,000 of his own equity together with $23,000 loaned from FDB to build the piggery.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3758193\charrsid3758193  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11293987\charrsid3758193 As to the nature of the advice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid277450\charrsid3758193 , no clear evidence was given. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7935867\charrsid3758193  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16208495\charrsid3758193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid277450\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid277450\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16208495\charrsid3897642 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 35.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid16208495\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16208495\charrsid3897642 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid16208495\charrsid3897642 Finch & Anr v Lloyds TSB Bank plc & Ors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7043420\charrsid3897642  [2016] EWHC 1236 QB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16208495\charrsid3897642 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7043420\charrsid3897642 one of the issues raised was whether a Banker, as lender, owed a duty in contract or in
 tort to advise a borrower about a potentially onerous clause in the loan agreement in question.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10223798\charrsid3897642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2818907\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs15\cf6\insrsid2818907\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid16208495\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 I will not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642  now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3897642\charrsid3897642 discuss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642  how Pelling J QC approached the contract issue in that case. Suffice it to say that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 the breach of contract argument }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid527697\charrsid3897642 relied on some concept of \'93duty\'94 which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642  section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8202051\charrsid3897642 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642  of the English}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8202051\charrsid3897642  Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid527697\charrsid3897642 allegedly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 implies into 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid527697\charrsid3897642 every English contract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10885402\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10885402\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 37.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13980762\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 However, in terms of the duty in tort, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7043420\charrsid3897642 Judge Pelling QC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 summarized the basic common law position at p
aragraph 52. He started by saying that generally, a bank is under no legal obligation to provide advice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7340268\charrsid3897642  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 However, if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7224946\charrsid3897642 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 
 Bank does provide advice to a borrower in any particular case, then the bank must do so with reasonable care and skill.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7043420\charrsid3897642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5455916\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid5455916\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-426\li1560\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1560\itap0\pararsid5455916\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5579632 52.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 The Tortious Duty Case
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs2\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li414\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin414\itap0\pararsid13244317 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5579632 \tab   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 
I start with a summary of the applicable legal principles. In summary:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs22\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 (i)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-360\li1854\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin1854\itap0\pararsid5579632\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 In general a bank is not under a legal obligation to provide advice but if it gives advice then it must do so using reasonable care and skill \endash  see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\ul\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 Woods v. Martins Bank Limited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 
[1958] 1 QB 55 per Salmon J at 71: "I find that it was and is within the scope of the defendant bank's business to advise on all financial matters and that, as they did advise him, they owed a duty to the plaintiff to advise h
im with reasonable care and skill in each of the transactions to which I have referred."; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\ul\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 Bankers Trust International Plc v. PT Dharmala Sakti Sejahtera (No.2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642  [1996] CLC 518 per Mance J as he then was at 533: "\'85 a bank negotiating and contracting with ano
ther party owes in the first instance no duty to explain the nature or effect of the proposed arrangement to that other party. However, if the bank does give an explanation or tender advice, then it owes a duty to give that explanation or tender that advi
ce fully, accurately and properly."; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\ul\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 National Commercial Bank (Jamaica) Limited v. Hew}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 
 [2003] UKPC 51 per Lord Millett at [22]; and Paget, Law of Banking, 14th Ed., Para 29.7
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5455916\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid5455916\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid16208495\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid3897642 Pelling J QC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid3897642 then appears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 to say that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642 , in any given case, whether}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14288174\charrsid3897642  or not a bank, as lender, owes a duty of care }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 to a borrower in tort, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid3897642 first question to ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 is whether or not the bank has assumed a responsibility to advice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642 . If the answer is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642 \'93yes\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642 the next question to consider is w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 hether or not that advice was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642 actually }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 relied upon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13980762\charrsid3897642  by the borrower}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2818907\charrsid3897642 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid3897642  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7302433\charrsid3897642 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid411136\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid411136\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7302433\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid16208495\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7302433\charrsid938572 The answer to the above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid938572  questions, in turn, depends on the reasonable foreseeability of the loss, whether there is sufficient proximity between the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13244317\charrsid938572 , and
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid938572  whether it is fair and just in all the circumstances to impose a duty. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5455916\charrsid938572 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7043420\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs3\cf6\insrsid7043420\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-614\li1890\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\tx1276\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1890\itap0\pararsid5579632 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5579632 ii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 
Whether a duty of care in tort is owed in any particular case will depend upon the application of one or more of the usual three tests \endash  that is the assumption of responsibility 
coupled with reliance test, the three-fold-test (reasonable foreseeability of loss, sufficient proximity between the parties and whether it is in all the circumstances fair just and reasonable to impose a duty) and the incremental test \endash 
 having regard to the exchanges which cross the line between, and the dealings of, the parties considered in their context \endash  see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\ul\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 
JP Morgan Chase Bank v. Springwell Navigation Corp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14685819 
 HYPERLINK "https://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Comm/2008/1186.html" \\o "Link to BAILII version" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13458153 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b8a000000680074007400700073003a002f002f007700770077002e006200610069006c00690069002e006f00720067002f00650077002f00630061007300650073002f0045005700480043002f0043006f006d006d00
2f0032003000300038002f0031003100380036002e00680074006d006c000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 [2008] EWHC 1186 (Comm)}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid4933840\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 per}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572  Gloster J as she then was at [48]-[52] and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\ul\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 Standard Chartered Bank v. Ceylon Petroleum Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14685819  HYPERLINK "https://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Comm/2011/1785.html" \\o "Link to BAILII version" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13458153 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b8a000000680074007400700073003a002f002f007700770077002e006200610069006c00690069002e006f00720067002f00650077002f00630061007300650073002f0045005700480043002f0043006f006d006d00
2f0032003000310031002f0031003700380035002e00680074006d006c000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 [2011] EWHC 1785 (Comm)}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid4933840\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7043420\charrsid938572 ; and
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7043420\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs7\cf6\insrsid7043420\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 40.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid11618912\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid938572 hen considering whether or not a Bank/lender has assumed the responsibility to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 give }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5065137\charrsid938572 advice, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 the Courts must  keep in mind }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10426059\charrsid938572 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 assuming }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10426059\charrsid938572 such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7302433\charrsid938572  a }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10426059\charrsid938572 responsibility is not the same as advice given in the context of a commercial relationship (as per Pelling J QC citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid10426059\charrsid938572 JP Morgan Chase Bank}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10426059\charrsid938572 ).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid331709\charrsid938572 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2818907\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs3\cf6\insrsid2818907\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-602\li1890\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1890\itap0\pararsid5579632 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5579632 iii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid2818907\charrsid938572 In approaching the question using the
 methodology referred to in (ii) above, there is a distinction to be drawn between the provision of advice in the context of a commercial relationship and assuming responsibility for that advice \endash  see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\ul\insrsid2818907\charrsid938572 JP Morgan Chase Bank v. Springwell Navigation Corp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid2818907\charrsid938572  (ante) at [374]. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7302433\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs15\cf6\insrsid2818907\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 41.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572 At paragraph 57, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 Pelling J QC then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572 went on to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid938572 say}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572 , to clarify the above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid938572 , that, in general, the relationship between a banker and a customer is not an advisor and client relationship}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8650963\charrsid938572 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid8650963\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1276\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1276\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid13244317\charrsid938572 
In my judgment another relevant contextual factor is that identified in the case law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid5579632\charrsid938572 summarized}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid13244317\charrsid938572  above \endash 
 in general the bank is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid13244317\charrsid938572 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid13244317\charrsid938572 
 under a duty to give advice. The relationship is generally a banker and customer relationship not an advisor and client relat
ionship. The other contextual consideration is that the alleged duty arose not after the relationship of banker and customer had come into existence but before it came into existence, and in the context of negotiations concerning the terms on which it mig
ht come into existence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li180\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin180\itap0\pararsid6971441 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10885402\charrsid938572 (my emphasis)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6971441 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs15 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs15\insrsid6971441\charrsid6971441 
\par {\*\bkmkstart para13}{\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 42.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 As to when a bank crosses the line to assume an advisory role, Lord Finlay LC i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 Banbury v Bank of Montreal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572  [1918] AC 626 said at p 654: {\*\bkmkend para13}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-130\li1268\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1268\itap0\pararsid6971441 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 "While it is not part of the ordinary business of a banker to g
ive advice to customers as to investments generally, it appears to me to be clear that there may be occasions when advice may be given by a banker as such and in the course of his business \'85
 If he undertakes to advise, he must exercise reasonable care and skill in giving the advice. He is under no obligation to advi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 
e, but if he takes upon himself to do so, he will incur liability if he does so negligently." 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-130\li1268\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1268\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid12995596\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 43.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12995596\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 The learned authors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 Warne & Elliott}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 Banking Litigation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 (1999)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f39\fs23\super\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\super\insrsid10501679 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679  This is cited  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid10501679\charrsid12995596 National Commercial Bank (Jamaica) Limited v. Hew}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10501679\charrsid12995596  [2003] UKPC 51 per }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679 Lord Millett at [13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679\charrsid12995596 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid527697\charrsid938572 opine that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 
 a bank will cross that line in circumstances where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid16466838\charrsid938572 there has been a request from the customer, which request is accepted by the bank, and advice is given pursuant to the request}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid527697\charrsid938572 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-126\li1260\ri0\sa100\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid6971441 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid12995596\charrsid938572 "A banker cannot be liable for failing to advise a customer if he owes the customer no duty to do so. Generally speaking, banks do not owe their customers a duty to ad
vise them on the wisdom of commercial projects for the purpose of which the bank is asked to lend them money. If the bank is to be placed under such a duty, there must be a request from the customer, accepted by the bank, under which the advice is to be g
iven."
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12995596\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid12995596\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13961336\charrsid938572 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 44.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid11618912\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13961336\charrsid938572 
There is nothing in the evidence from the trial below that convinces me that the FDB had crossed that line that divides the province of bank/customer relationship on the one hand }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 
and advisor/client on the other or that FDB had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679\charrsid3897642 assumed a responsibility to advice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10501679\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 45.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid11618912\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 
In any event, the advice which Nambiar alleges that FDB gave him, that is, to not pay the fine, would appear to be in the nature of a legal advice.  He does not allege an investment or financial advice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 t was incumbent upon Nambiar at all material times to comply with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865  the regulatory laws}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10501679 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13961336\charrsid938572 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13961336\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid13961336\charrsid13850734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li284\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid13961336\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs28\insrsid15225865 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid9912299\charrsid6971441 Prudent Banker Will Assess Borrower\rquote s Capacity To Service The Loan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid938572\charrsid6971441 
 Before Approving & Granting A Loan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid13961336\charrsid6971441 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li851\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid13961336\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid13961336\charrsid6971441 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 46.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2557342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 I accept that a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid12216217\charrsid2557342  prudent lender}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 , guided by their operations manuals, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12216217\charrsid2557342 
will take appropriate steps to assess a borrower\rquote s capacity to service a loan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342  before approving and granting a loan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4325404\charrsid2557342 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 
A lender would argue that its primary concern is on security rather than loan serviceability. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342\charrsid2557342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2557342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342\charrsid2557342 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 47.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2557342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 The evidence of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342  is that, this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342 assessment is undertaken }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342  part of the lender\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342 due diligence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342  process to minimize }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4325404\charrsid2557342 own }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7941262\charrsid2557342 risk.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 This assessment is not undertaken for the borrower\rquote s benefit, or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2980883\charrsid2557342 of any sense of duty to the borrower.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342\charrsid2557342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2557342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342\charrsid2557342 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 48.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid2557342\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 This position, in my view, is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 subtly made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 
Valcorp Australia Pty Ltd v Angas Securities Limited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 [2012] FCAFC 22 (8 March 2012)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f39\fs23\super\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\super\insrsid10501679 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679  See also relevant case summary in }
{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14685819  HYPERLINK "https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=36f7e18e-458c-4a8f-b5d3-7528e40ecd44" }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\ul\cf17\insrsid10501679\charrsid2321998 https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=36f7e18e-458c-4a8f-b5d3-7528e40ecd44}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid4933840\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10501679 .
\par }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2557342  I say \'93subtly\'94
 because the Court in that case was not considering the liability of a lender to a borrower. Rather, it concerned a tussle between a lender and a valuer.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5191056\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid5191056\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 49.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid5191056\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 Valcorp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid5191056\charrsid2557342 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 a lender }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 lent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 AUS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 $2.8\~million to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 borrowers}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 . That loan was secured by a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342 mortgage over an apartment owned by the borrowers.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 Before making the advance, the lender}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342 
 retained, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342  obtained }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342 from a valuer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 a valuation of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342 apartment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15558529\charrsid2557342 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11158819\charrsid2557342  The valuer did value the apartment at AUS$3.6 million.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 
 Relying on the valuation, the lender advanced AUS$2.88 million to the borrower.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 
In due course, the borrowers defaulted and the lender sold the apartment. However, the lender was only able to realize }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7935867\charrsid2557342 AUS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 $1.75 million out of the sale.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 
The lenders sued the valuer for misleading and deceptive conduct in contravention of s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 ection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 
 52 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 Australian }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2834234\charrsid2557342 Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15558529\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid15558529\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 50.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7369132\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 he court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342  found that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 the valuation was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 indeed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 negligent and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 the valuer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342 did}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 misle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 d and deceive the lender. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9912299\charrsid2557342 However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 
the lender also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 negligently }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342 contribut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 ed to its own loss }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid11231408\charrsid2557342 in not having properly assessed the borrower}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid7369132\charrsid2557342 \rquote s ability to service the loan before granting the loan.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6965257\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid13200065\charrsid2557342 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13200065\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid13200065\charrsid2557342 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12190606\charrsid2557342 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 51.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13200065\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12190606\charrsid2557342 In other words,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342 Valcorp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12190606\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342 the lender}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2363054\charrsid2557342 
 negligently contributed to its own loss in  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342  fail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2363054\charrsid2557342 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6971441\charrsid2557342 realize}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342 
 its full security in a charged property because it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2363054\charrsid2557342  had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9110437\charrsid2557342  failed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12190606\charrsid2557342  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid2363054\charrsid2557342 undertake certain serviceability enquiries of the borrowers, prior to granting the loan.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid13200065 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7363643\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7363643\charrsid7363643 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid7363643\charrsid6971441 
Did FDB Advise Nambiar Not To Comply With i-TLTB\rquote s Notice To Remedy The Breach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs28\insrsid4798079\charrsid6971441 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\insrsid7363643\charrsid6971441 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1711563\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid1711563\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 52.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 As I have said above, such an advice as alleged by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 Nambiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 was a legal advice. It was not an investment or financial advice. Without any real evidence, it is hard to accept that FDB
 would have given such an advice.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid15225865\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 53.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 Nambiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 was using the land in contravention of his residential lease. The onus was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 always}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 
to regularize his use of the land with all other stakeholders involved, (principally the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 
-TLTB) before commencing the pig farming operation. He did not do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14487327\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 54.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327 
e had been undertaking piggery farming on the same land since 1990, albeit on a smaller scale.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid4798079\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 55.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 Nambiar was given ample opportunity by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 -TLTB to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 remedy his breach and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14487327 regulari
ze his lease by paying a penalty of $1,000 first and then apply to rezone the land to a light industrial zone. He still did not do so. Consequently, i-TLTB would re-enter the lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14487327\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 56.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327 I observe that he was first served a Notice by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14487327 -TLTB in August 2005. His first Notice from FDB was served in August 2009, some four years later.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid14487327\charrsid14487327 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid4798079\charrsid13850734 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 57.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 In the circumstances of this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 had the learned Magistrate directed his mind to this aspect of the case, he would have been asked to determine the credibility of Nambiar\rquote s assertion that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 FDB had advised}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578  him (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 Nambiar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578  not to take heed of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4798079\charrsid14704578 -TLTB\rquote s requirements. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14704578 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14704578\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 58.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14704578\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 
It is hard for me to comment on credibility at this time on appeal, except to say that in the grand scheme of the factual scenario of this case, the lease agreement was between}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14704578\charrsid14704578 -TLTB and Nambiar and the onus was on Nambiar to rectify his breach and comply with the law.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid14704578\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14704578 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3489163\charrsid3489163 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 59.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3489163\charrsid3489163 
The evidence, as I have set out above in paragraph 14, is that Nambiar and Nair did apply to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid3489163\charrsid3489163 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3489163\charrsid3489163 
-TLTB on 06 February 2006 to change their lease class from residential to light industrial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14706366  This step, obviously, was taken following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14706366\charrsid14487327 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14706366 -TLTB\rquote s
 Notice to them dated 22 August 2005. All they needed to do next was to pay the $1,000 penalty. They did not, which resulted on their lease being re-entered and terminated by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs23\insrsid14706366\charrsid14706366 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14706366 -TLTB.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid10178523 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 60.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid10178523 
FDB is under no legal obligation to Nambiar to settle the $1,000-00 penalty levied by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid10178523  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid10178523 -TLTB.  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14706366\charrsid10178523 If FDB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid10178523  refused to pay that sum, that was its prerogative.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10178523 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 61.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 In any event, applying the authorities cited above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 , Nambiar would have to have led evidence to show that he had sought FDB\rquote s advice particularly in this regard, that FDB had assumed the role of advisor, and that FDB\rquote 
s advice was relied upon by Nambiar. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865 I have said at the outset, to advise a customer not to take heed of a demand by a regulatory authority is more of a legal natu
re than a financial or investment advice. It is hard to believe a bank would render such advice freely without itself having the benefit of its own legal advice.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15225865\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid15225865\charrsid15225865 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 62.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 
I accept that Nambiar had said things to this effect, albeit rather fleetingly in his evi
dence. All this would have been a credibility issue. Had the Learned Magistrate directed his mind to this aspect of the case, he would have chosen either to believe Nambiar or to not believe Nambiar.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10178523\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 63.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid4798079\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523 At the end of the day, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid8073334 t was always incumbent upon Nambiar to settle that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523 penalty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334 sum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10178523  and to regularize his compliance with planning laws.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid14706366\charrsid8073334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14706366\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid14706366\charrsid14706366 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7363643\charrsid8073334 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 64.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7363643\charrsid8073334 Regulation 14(1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 (c) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4535687\charrsid8073334 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid4535687\charrsid8073334 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid4535687\charrsid8073334 -Taukei Land Trust (Leases & Licenses) Regulations 1984 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 forbids any lessee from carrying out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 any development}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 
 on the leased land except with the written consent of the i-TLTB and except with any other consent required under any other written law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f39\fs23\super\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\super\insrsid10501679 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679  This regulation provides:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid3561784 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10501679\charrsid3561784 (c)that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\ul\insrsid10501679\charrsid3561784 the lessee shall not carry out any development on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10501679\charrsid3561784  or in relation to the demised land, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\ul\insrsid10501679\charrsid3561784 except with the consent in writing of the Board and except with any consent required by or under any written law in respect of any such development}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10501679\charrsid3561784 ;

\par }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3561784\charrsid8073334 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 65.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 Regulation 14(2) defines \'93development\'94 thus:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1260\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1260\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 14(2)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 For the purposes of subregulation (1)(c) \'93development\'94, in relation to any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 demised land, includes\emdash 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi180\li1980\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1980\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 the carrying out of any building or engineering works designed to create, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 \tab \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 alter or add to, any improvements to the land; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid6971441 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs22\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li2160\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid6971441\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 any use of the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334  or of any improvements thereto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 which is different }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid6971441\charrsid6971441 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\ul\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 from the purpose from which the land was demised under the current }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid6971441\charrsid6971441 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\ul\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 lease}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid4535687\charrsid6971441 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid7537947\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4535687\charrsid8073334 (my emphasis)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid4535687\charrsid8073334 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 66.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8073334\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 Regulation 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid6971441  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6971441  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 (d)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6971441  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 (ii) gives power to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid87286\charrsid8073334 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 TLTB to re-enter the lease in the event of a breach of any implied covenant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs23\f39\fs23\super\insrsid4993578\charrsid8073334 \chftn {\footnote\ftnalt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f31506\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\super\insrsid10501679 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679  This regulation provides:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid4993578 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10501679\charrsid4993578 (d)that if and whenever during the term of the lease\emdash 
\par  (ii)there shall be any breach, non-performance or non-observance of any of the covenants on the part of the lessee contained in the lease or implied in the lease by virtue of these Regulations;
\par 
\par then, and in any such case, it shall be lawful for the Board at any time thereafter, and notwithstanding the waiver by the Board of any previous right of re-entry, to re-enter into and upon the demised land or any part thereof in the 
name of the whole and thereupon the term of the lease shall absolutely cease and determine, but without prejudice to any rights or remedies which may have accrued to the Board against the lessee or to the lessee against the Board in respect of any anteced
ent breach of any of the covenants contained in the lease.
\par }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7537947\charrsid8073334 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8073334\charrsid8073334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8073334\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid7537947\charrsid13850734  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\cf6\insrsid8073334 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8061795\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523 CONCLUSION}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid3613953\charrsid10178523 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid13778144\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\insrsid13778144\charrsid10178523 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 67.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-540\li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8061795\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523 There is no merit in this appeal and I dismiss all the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid3306738\charrsid10178523 grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523  of appeal. I award costs in favour of FDB and the Attorney-General\rquote s Chamber}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 s which I summarily assess at $8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid7751153\charrsid10178523 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523 -00 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid10178523\charrsid10178523 eight hundred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid8061795\charrsid10178523  dollars) each.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid12132029\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9330951\charrsid10178523 \line }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid6971441 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid12132029\charrsid10178523 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li900\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx2430\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid9056909\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9056909\charrsid10178523 \'85\'85
\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85..
\par Anare Tuilevuka
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs23\ul\insrsid9056909\charrsid10178523 JUDGE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9056909\charrsid10178523 Lautoka
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9056909 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs23 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs23\insrsid9056909\charrsid9056909 
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