{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch31506\stshfhich31506\stshfbi31506\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}
{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}{\f39\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Palatino Linotype;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f41\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f43\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f44\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f45\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\f46\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f47\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f48\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f380\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}
{\f381\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f383\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f384\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f387\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}
{\f388\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f410\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f411\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f413\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}
{\f414\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f415\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\f416\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\f417\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\f418\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\f420\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}{\f421\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f423\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}
{\f424\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f425\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}{\f426\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f427\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}
{\f428\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f429\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}{\f430\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Palatino Linotype CE;}{\f431\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Cyr;}
{\f433\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Greek;}{\f434\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Tur;}{\f437\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Baltic;}
{\f438\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Palatino Linotype (Vietnamese);}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
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\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\*\defchp \f31506\fs22 }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
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\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid7821943 Normal;}{\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs36\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext2 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid14242088 heading 2;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 
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Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs36 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs36 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid14242088 Heading 2 Char;}{
\s16\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext16 \sunhideused \styrsid7821943 Normal (Web);}{\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid1255951 List Paragraph;}{\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext18 \slink19 \sunhideused \styrsid10428118 header;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 
\sbasedon10 \slink18 \slocked \styrsid10428118 Header Char;}{\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4680\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 \slink21 \sunhideused \styrsid10428118 footer;}{\*\cs21 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37 \sbasedon10 \slink20 \slocked \styrsid10428118 Footer Char;}{
\s22\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext22 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid10428118 
No Spacing;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid2561768 Emphasis;}{\*\cs24 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid2561768 Strong;}{\*\cs25 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \sbasedon10 \spriority0 \styrsid6191788 apple-converted-space;}{\*\cs26 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2 \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid14242088 Hyperlink;}{
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext27 \slink28 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid7615012 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs28 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs16 \sbasedon10 \slink27 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid7615012 Balloon Text Char;}}{\*\listtable
{\list\listtemplateid-1487226088\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc22\levelnfcn22\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1915218638\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b0\ulnone\cf0\dbch\af0\fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid98457205}{\list\listtemplateid1980904510\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid515463515}{\list\listtemplateid-1588435936\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-568014846\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
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\b\cf1\insrsid7821943\charrsid393585 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par WESTERN DIVISION
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par 
\par [CIVIL JURISDICTION]
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid3356340\charrsid393585 Civil }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid358436 Action }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid7821943\charrsid393585 No. HBC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid24770\charrsid393585 MADHU SUDHAN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid7821943\charrsid393585 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid24770\charrsid393585 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid393585 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1182798\charrsid393585 Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid7821943\charrsid393585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7821943 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7821943  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7821943 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7821943 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid7821943 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri4\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid8866987 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8866987 Before\tab : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 Master U.L. Mohamed Azhar
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri4\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid8866987 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8866987 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid24770 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 . R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid24770 . Chand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 
for the Plaintiff
\par M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 r.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid24770 Anil J. Singh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 Defendant

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri4\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid8866987 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri6\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin6\lin0\itap0\pararsid9700174 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9700174 Date of Ruling : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15221790 
11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\super\insrsid2041927\charrsid2041927 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid24770 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270  201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid24770 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri6\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin6\lin0\itap0\pararsid8146808 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri4\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid8146808 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs28\ul\insrsid8146808\charrsid811270 RULING}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qc \li0\ri4\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid8146808\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8146808 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri4\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin4\lin0\itap0\pararsid7615012 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7615012\charrsid7615012 Introduction }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid8146808\charrsid7615012 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3891708  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7615012\charrsid7615012 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\i\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \insrsid24770\charrsid8724303 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 01.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5966720\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\b\i\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid24770\charrsid8724303 \'93I have found in my experience that there is one panacea which heals every sore in litigation, and that is costs\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\b\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid24770\charrsid8724303 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid24770  That is the observation of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\b\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid8724303 Lord Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid8724303 Bowen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid2561768  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid2561768  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid2561768 Cropper v Smith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768\charrsid2561768  (1884) 26 Ch. D. 700 (CA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8724303  at page 710.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2561768  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3891708 Therefore, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219 the rules of the courts in all jurisdictions not only give the courts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11339616 power}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16065356  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2249828 
award}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16065356  cost, but also give}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219  discretion to secure a cost t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3891708 hat a party may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1273368 be liable to pay to the other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3891708  in future}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219  in any litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16065356 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3891708 The Court\rquote s Rules in Fiji are not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1456154 exception}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3891708 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16065356 Both the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219  Rules}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1199920  (Or. 23 r. 1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219  and the Magistrate\rquote s Courts Rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10360994  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10360994\charrsid3081214 Order XXXIII Rule 4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219\charrsid3081214  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219 provide such discretion to the respective courts in Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5966720  to order for security for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11108219 
. The summons before me is the one which was filed by the defendant under the Order 23 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5113637 rule 1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4604138 of the High Court Rules seeking to exercise the discretion of this court and to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr
\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16065356 order the plaintiff to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1199920 provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4604138  security for cost. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid1199920 
defendant sought the following orders in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4604138 said summons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\chbrdr
\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5966720 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1255951\charrsid1456154 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs23\f0\fs24\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14830597\charrsid665071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071  the Plaintiff do deposit with the Court within twenty \endash 
one (21) days of making such order to give security for the costs of the Defendant in the sum of $20, 000.00 (Twenty Thousand dollars) or such sum as the Court may think just, pending of such security and all further proceedings in the above action be sta
yed;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071  in the event that such security is not provided within twenty \endash  one (21) days from the date of the Order herein, the action be struck out against the Defendant;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071  the costs of this application be awarded in favour of the Defendant on an indemnity basis;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid665071\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 THAT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071  further and/or other relief as this Honourable Court may deem just.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid665071\charrsid665071 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1456154\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1456154 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\insrsid1456154 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 02.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5966720\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid1456154 
The summons is supported by an affidavit sworn by the defendant himself.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid14830597  The plaintiff opposed the summons and filed his affidavit in opposition, which was followed by the plaintiff
\rquote s affidavit in reply. At the hearing of the summons both counsels make orals submissions and the counsel for the defendant tendered his written su
bmission too. On the hand the counsel for the plaintiff sought time to file her submission and she late}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid15558997 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid14830597  filed the same.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1456154\charrsid14830597 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14830597\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14830597 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\insrsid14830597 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 03.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5966720\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid14830597 
The factual background of this matter is that, the defendant owns the Certificate of Title No 20162 known as Nasau (part of) Lot 3 on DP No 4968}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid1530376 
 in the District of Nadi and containing more or less an area of 15 acres, 1 rood and 39 perches. The plaintiff entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid9454571 
on 22.06.2011 with the defendant to purchase 2 acres of the said land }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid1928798 at a price of FJ$ 60,000.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\f0\fs24\insrsid13712017 
 Though the agreement provided for the plaintiff to pay only FJ$ 40,000.00 initially and to pay the balance $ FJ$ 20,000.00 upon receiving final approval of survey plan, he paid a sum of FJ$ 52, 430.80 at request of the defendant. T
he balance of FJ$ 7,569.20 was to be paid upon completion of title. However, the defendant allegedly breached the agreement, which triggered the plaintiff to sue the former for the following reliefs:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1456154\charrsid1461717 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\tx270\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1461717 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 Specific performance of the said agreement.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 Dama
ges for breach of contract in lieu of or in addition to specific performance.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
Alternatively judgment in the sum of $52,430.80 together with accrued interest at \tab the rate of 13.5% per annum until final determination of this action.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
Interest on the Judgment sum at the rate of 5% per annum from the date of issuance of the Writ of Summons until full payment.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
Alternatively the Defendant be ordered to complete the transaction and apply for new certificate of title of the said lot of two acres comprised in CT 20162.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 f.\tab}Costs of this action on Solicitor client indemnity basis.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 g.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx270\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin720\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1461717\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
Such further and/or other relief as this Honourable Court may deem just and expedient.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1461717\charrsid1461717 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1461717 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7615012\charrsid1461717 Law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7615012\charrsid1461717 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid7615012 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid7615012\charrsid7615012 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5384177 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 04.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5966720\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5384177 The Order 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5384177 of the High Court Rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16541063 , which contains 4 rules therein,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5384177  provides for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214  discretion of the court to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4262301 order to provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214 
 security for cost and deals with the other connected matters. Whilst the rule 1 deals with the discretion of the court, the other rules 2 and 3 deal with the manner in which the court may order security for cost and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7615012 supplementary power of the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214 . The rule 4 prohibits any such order being made against the state. The rule 1 reads as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5966720\charrsid5251488 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3081214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214\charrsid5251488 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5251488 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488          }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 Security for costs of action, etc (O.23, r.1)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5251488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 
1.-(1) Where, on the application of a defendant to an action or other proceedings in the High Court, it appears to the Court \endash 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid5251488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 \tab \tab \tab 
(a) that the plaintiff is ordinarily resident out of the jurisdiction, or
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li2160\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5251488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 
(b) that the plaintiff (not being a plaintiff who is suing in a representative capacity) is a normal plaintiff who is suing for the benefit of some other pe
rson and that there is reason to believe that he will be unable to pay the costs of the defendant if ordered to do so, or
\par (c) subject to paragraph (2), that the plaintiff\rquote s address is not stated in the writ or other originating process or is incorrectly stated therein, or
\par (d) that the plaintiff has changed his address during the course of the proceedings with a view to evading the consequences of the litigation,
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5251488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 
Then, if having regard to all the circumstances of the case, the Court thinks it just to do so, it may order the plaintiff to give such security for the defendant\rquote s costs of the action or other proceedings as it thinks just.
\par (2) The court shall not require a plaintiff to give security by reason only of paragraph (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9378753  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 
(c) if he satisfies the Court that the failure to state his address or the mis-statement thereof was made innocently and without intention to deceive.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5251488\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5251488 
(3) The references in the foregoing paragraphs to a plaintiff and a defendant shall be construed as references to the person (howsoever des
cribed on the record) who is in the position of plaintiff or defendant, as the case may be, in the proceeding in question, including a proceeding on a counterclaim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5966720\charrsid5251488 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5251488\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5251488\charrsid5966720 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3081214 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 05.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3081214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214 
A cursory reading of the above rule clearly indicates that, the power given to the court is a real discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063 , which is simply understood from the word }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16541063\charrsid16541063 \lquote may\rquote ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063  used in the said rule. Lord Denning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid950212  M.R.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063  when interpreting the same word used in the Companies Act 1948 held in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16541063\charrsid16541063 Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Ltd v. Triplan Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063\charrsid4268293  [1973] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427 2 All ER 273}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063\charrsid4268293  at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427 285}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16541063  that;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5966720 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid950212\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid950212 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid950212\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid950212\charrsid950212 
Turning now to the words of the statute, the important word is \'93may\'94. That gives a judge a discretion whether to order security or not. There is no burden one way or other. It is a discretion to be exercised in all the circumstances of the case.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid3081214 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278780\charrsid11278780 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11278780 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 06.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3081214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278780 The next }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10027888 important phrase}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278780  in th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2315350 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11278780  rule is \lquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11278780\charrsid5251488 if having regard to all the circumstances of the case, the Court thinks it just to do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11278780 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16736899 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16736899  which requires the court to consider all the circumstances of the case before it, in exercising the said discretion 
and to come to a conclusion that \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16736899\charrsid16736899 it is just to do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16736899 \rquote , before making any order}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9453634  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9453634\charrsid4268293 determine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4262301 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9453634\charrsid4268293  whether and to what extent or for what amount a plaintiff (or the defendant as the case may be) may be ordere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9453634 d to provide security for costs}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16736899 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid6948043 Sir Nicolas Browne Wilkinson V.C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282 , (1987) 1 All }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid6948043 ER 1074}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid6948043 \~at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282 page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid6948043 107}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282 7 as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13721282\charrsid13721282 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13721282\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13721282\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid13721282 "Under Order 23, r1(1) (a) it seems to
 me that I have an entirely general discretion either to award or refuse security, having regard to all the circumstances of the case. However, it is clear on the authorities that, if other matters are equal, it is normally just to exercise that discretio
n by ordering security against a non-resident plaintiff. The question is what, in all the circumstances of the case, is the just answer"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282\charrsid13721282 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13721282 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13721282\charrsid13721282 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16736899 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 07.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3081214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16736899 It follows that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5457283 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5457283\charrsid4268293 t is no longer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16064387  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5457283\charrsid4268293 an inflexible or rigid rule that a plaintiff resident abroad should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5457283 provide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5457283\charrsid4268293 
security for costs.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid862236\charrsid11605015 The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid862236 
 (White Book), in Volume 1 at pages 429 and 430, and in paragraph 23/3/3, states clearly and explains the nature of the discretion given to the court. it reads that;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214\charrsid862236 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid862236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid862236\charrsid862236 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid862236 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid862236\charrsid862236 The main and most important change ef
fected by this Order concerns the nature of the discretion of the Court on whether to order security for costs to be given.  Rule 1 (1) provides that the Court may order security for costs, \'93
if having regard to all the circumstances of the case, the Court thinks it just to do so\'94
.  These words, have the effect of conferring upon the Court a real discretion, and indeed the Court is bound, by virtue thereof, to consider the circumstances of each case, and in the light thereof to determine whether and to what 
extent or for what amount a plaintiff (or the defendant as the case may be) may be ordered to provide security for costs.  It is no longer, for example, an inflexible or rigid rule that a plaintiff resident abroad should provide security for costs.  In pa
r
ticular, the former O.65, r.6s, which had provided that the power to require a plaintiff resident abroad, suing on a judgment or order or on a bill of exchange or other negotiable instrument, to give security for costs was to be in the discretion of the C
ourt, has been preserved and extended to all cases by r.1 (1).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid862236 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid862236\charrsid862236 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid862236\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid862236\charrsid862236 
In exercising its discretion under r.1 (1) the Court will have regard to all the circumstances of the case.  Security cannot now be ordered as of course from a foreign plaintiff but only if the
 Court thinks it just to order such security in the circumstances of the case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid862236\charrsid9525976 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid862236\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3081214\charrsid9525976 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 08.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7886038\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976 
When considering all the circumstances of the case, the courts in Fiji should consider the plaintiff\rquote s country of origin too. The reason for that consideration may be explained in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4262301  the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976  following manner. Many jurisdictions recognize and enforce the foreign judgments in their jurisdictions, as if those judgments had, originally, been given }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid422285 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976  their local courts. This recognition may be based on bilateral or multilateral treatie
s or understanding on mutual assistance. Fiji is not an exception to this. It has two pieces of legislations, which provide for a statutory scheme for recognition and enforcement of judgments of foreign countries, with which reciprocal arrangements have b
een made. The said legislations are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976 Reciprocal Enforcement of judgments Act 1922 (Cap 39)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976  and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976 Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1935 (Cap 40).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid9525976 
 The first one was brought to facilitate the reciprocal enforcement of judgments and awards in United 
Kingdom and Fiji with the power of the president to extend it to the judgments of any other country or territory of the Commonwealth outside the United Kingdom. The second one was enacted with the purpose of making provisions for the enforcement, in Fiji,
 
of judgments given in foreign countries which accord reciprocal treatment to judgments given in Fiji. Under this latter Act, the president has power to extend its application to the judgments given in other countries and some other commonwealth countries 
which are not included in the former Act (Cap 39).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid16278588 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16278588\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278588\charrsid16278588 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16278588 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 09.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7886038\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278588 
If the plaintiff is neither from commonwealth countries, nor from the countries which have accorded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278588\charrsid9525976 reciprocal treatment to judgments given in Fiji}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278588 , the defendant will not be able to enforce any order against the plaintiff. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12387207 
The fact, that any plaintiff is ordinarily resident of any country other than those two categories,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12387207\charrsid12387207  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207\charrsid12387207 will usually operate as a powerful factor in exercising the Court\rquote s discretion in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207 defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207\charrsid12387207 \rquote s favour}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3959819 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3959819 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207 f an order for security was made in any case and the plaintiff ultimately succeeds in his or her claim,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3959819  no harm will be caused, because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207  he or she can take back the security at the close of the case, but on the other hand, if the plaintiff loses the case and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3959819 on top of that, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207 s ordered to pay cost to the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3959819 
, the latter will not be able to recover the same. Thus, the country of origin too may play a vital role in exercising the discretion of the court either way. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid12387207  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16278588\charrsid12387207 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9525976\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9525976\charrsid12387207 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2052849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7886038\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2052849 
Though the rule gives an absolute discretion to the court to make an order in relation to the security for cost in any proceedings before it, there is no reference to the time limit within which such an application must be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15412060 made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2052849  by any party. It appears from the wording of the rules that, the drafters of the rules in their wisdom left it to the court to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13983152  decide when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2052849  consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13983152 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2052849 
 all the circumstances of a case and therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13983152 would have thought that, giving any timetable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9726234 
 for such an application would limit the unfettered discretion vested in the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13983152  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7886038 In both }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7886038\charrsid7886038 Martano v Mann}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7886038  (1880) 14 Ch.D. 419, CA and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7886038\charrsid7886038 
Lydney, etc. Iron Ore CO. v. Bird}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7886038  (1883) 23 Ch.D. 358), it was held that, the old rule of the Court of Chancery that an application for security for cost must be ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161 de promptly had been abrogated and in addition, the court held in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5270161\charrsid5270161 Re Smith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5270161 ; Bain v Bain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161\charrsid4268293  (1896) 75 L.T. 46, CA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161 , that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5270161\charrsid4268293 an order for security may be made at a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161\charrsid4268293 y stage of the proceedings}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5270161 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7886038\charrsid7886038 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5117147\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid862236 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8812638 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11886214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638 
The absence of time limit in the rule had led the courts to consider the application for security for cost even after the judgment was delivered, if some further proceedings were to be dealt with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10972826 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638  as directed by the judgment. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8812638\charrsid8812638 Brown v. Haig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8812638\charrsid8812638  [1905] 2 Ch. 379}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638 , it was held that, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638\charrsid8812638 here by the judgement in an action}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9190149 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638\charrsid8812638  some further proceedings are directed to be taken before the judge in chambers or an official referee}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10972826 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8812638\charrsid8812638  the Court has jurisdiction in a proper case to entertain an application for security for cost
s made after judgment, but the application must be made by summons and not by notice under the summons for directions, in as much as the summons for directions is limited to interlocutory applications before judgment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11886214  In that case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10972826\charrsid11886214 Kekewich }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11886214\charrsid11886214 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11886214  stated at pages 383 and 384 that;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11886214\charrsid11886214    \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11886214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11886214\charrsid11886214 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11886214\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid11886214\charrsid11886214 
Upon this part of the case I am able to accede to the argument that the Court ought not to cut down the operation of a useful provision.  Rule 6 of Order LXV., which deals with security for costs, speaks of \'93Any cause or matter.\'94  Why should I say 
\'93any cause or matter\'94 does not mean any proceeding directed by the judgment to be taken before an official referee or before the judge in chambers?  In my opinion the words are wide enough to include that; and one must remem
ber that an application for security for costs does not preclude a second application if the costs mount up or if any further proceedings are contemplated.  It is for the Court to consider these matters from time to time.  Why if after judgment inquiries 
a
re directed those proceedings should not be covered I cannot see.  It seems to me that, assuming that the plaintiff is resident out of the jurisdiction and that the security already ordered is insufficient to meet the costs of the proceedings before the o
fficial referee, a good case can always be made for an order for security.  If these applications are made by summons they will be in proper form and must be attended to.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5117147\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5117147\charrsid8812638 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s22 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8746396\charrsid11605015 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid811581 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8746396\charrsid11605015 The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8746396  (White Book), in Volume 1 at pages 440, and in paragraph 23/3/38 summarizes decision in }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8746396\charrsid8746396 Jenred Properties Ltd v. Ente Nazionale Italiano per il Tuismo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8746396\charrsid4268293  (1985) Financial Times, October 29, CA}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8746396  and states that, the d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8746396\charrsid4268293 elay in making an application for security for costs, however, may be relevant to the exercis
e of the Court\rquote 
s discretion to order security.  Although in most cases delay is not a decisive factor, it may be treated as important, especially where it has led, or may have led the plaintiff to act, his detriment, or may cause him hardship in the future
 conduct of the action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8746396 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12791482  In the meantime, there are some authorities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2521502 
that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12791482  require an application for cost to be made promptly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2521502 The reason for this is to reduce the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8547057 cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2521502  that may be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8547057 incurred by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2521502  the parties. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8547057 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8547057\charrsid8547057 Supreme Court of Western Australia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581\charrsid811581 explained the impact of the timing of an application for security for costs upon the court\rquote s discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8547057\charrsid811581 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8547057\charrsid2949709 Ravi Nominees Pty Ltd v Phillips Fox}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2949709  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2949709 (1992) 10 ACLC 1314 at page 1315}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581\charrsid811581  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581 as follows;}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8547057 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid811581 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid811581\charrsid811581 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri713\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7400\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin713\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8547057\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8547057\charrsid8547057 An application for security for costs should be brought promptly a
nd prosecuted promptly so that if it is going to delay the plaintiffs\rquote  claim, while it is finding the security, or if it is going to frustrate the plaintiffs\rquote  claim\tab 
completely and stop the action, it does so early on before the plaintiffs have incurred too many costs.  An early hearing of such an application also benefits the defendant because it stops the plaintiffs\rquote 
 claim early before the defendant has incurred too may costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8547057 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11801299\charrsid11801299 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11955964 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7479420\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964 
Since the court has an unfettered discretion to order for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11801299 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964 
 considering all the circumstances of a particular case, a mere delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11801299  in making such an application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964  cannot be }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11801299 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964  reason for refusing it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 , if good reasons shown for delay,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964  in the absence of any prejudice that may be caused to the plaintiff or the defendant as case may be.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925 The level of prejudice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 that may be caused to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925 
 the plaintiff by the delay lies at the core of the co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 urt\rquote s discretion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11955964\charrsid1913925  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069 ven though delay is a significant factor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069  in exercising the discretion by the court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069 , there is no set rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069 depriv}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10972826  party from applying for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069  security for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10972826  cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 and the court from exercising its unfettered discretion. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 On the other hand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069 
 it should be acknowledged that, the security for costs is not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069  \lquote a card that a defendant can keep up its sle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 
eve and play at its convenience}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14620069\charrsid14620069 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 . The belated application for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925 security can only have a prejudicial affect if there is a risk that an order will stifle the action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7479420  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid7479420 The main focus of prejudice for this purpose was explained in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1913925\charrsid7479420 
Ross Ambrose Group Pty Ltd v Renkon Pty Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid7479420  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9190149 [2007] TASSC 75 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid7479420 as follows:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7479420 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7479420\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1913925\charrsid1913925 
Leaving a party with the impression that security will not be sought and so depriving a party of an opportunity to consider whether or not to press the litigation in the face of a prompt application for security can only have a prejudicial affect
 if there is a risk that an order will stifle the action and hence cause costs incurred to have been wasted.  No prejudice can possibly exist where there is no such risk.  Where the persons who will benefit from the litigation can and will, in order to pu
rsue the benefit, cover the opponent\rquote 
s costs there can be no injustice in having them do so even where the application is belated. Where there is no possibility of an order bringing an action to an end, no adverse consequence will have resulted from the los
s of an earlier occasion on which to consider the future of the action in the context of security being required.  In such a case there is no prejudice which needs to be addressed either by declining to order security or by limiting the order to future co
sts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8156764 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7479420\charrsid1913925 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7479420 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid278102\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7479420 
It follows from the above authorities that, there is no set rule which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102 either }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7479420 deprives }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid278102 a party to make a belated application for cost, or limit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9190149 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102  the exercise of the discretion }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9190149 by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102  the court. However, the court should consider the prejudice that might be caused to other party. Accordingly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102\charrsid278102 Leaving a party with the impression that security will not be sought and so depriving a party of an opportunity to consider whether or not to pre
ss the litigation in the face of a prompt application for security can only have a prejudicial affect if there is a risk that an order will stifle the action and hence cause costs incurred to have been wasted.  No prejudice can possibly exist where there 
is no such risk.  Where the persons who will benefit from the litigation can and will, in order to pursue the benefit, cover the opponent\rquote 
s costs there can be no injustice in having them do so even where the application is belated. Where there is no possibi
lity of an order bringing an action to an end, no adverse consequence will have resulted from the loss of an earlier occasion on which to consider the future of the action in the context of security being required.  In such a case there is no prejudice wh
ich needs to be addressed either by declining to order security or by limiting the order to future costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102  (see: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid278102\charrsid278102 
Ross Ambrose Group Pty Ltd v Renkon Pty Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6948043  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9190149 (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102\charrsid278102 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid278102 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16588683\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9591501\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 In \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 M.V. York Motors v Edwards}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid9591501 \'94 (1982) (1) All E.R. 1024}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 , Lord Diplock approved the remarks of \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 Brandon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 \'94 L.J. in the Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid9591501  at page 1028}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9591501\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 \'93The fact that the man has no capital of his own does not mean that he cannot raise any capital; he may have friends, he may have business associates, he may have r
elatives, all of whom can help him in his hour of need.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10633294\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10633294\charrsid9591501 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16588683\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 
The Supreme Court of New South Wales in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 Litmus Australia Pty Ltd (in liq) v Paul Brian Canty and Ors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683  [2007] NSWSC 670 (8 June 2007) further expanded the test of prejudice and held at paragraph 26 that, 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16588683 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16588683\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 
To show prejudice it generally must appear that not only will the plaintiff be unable to provide the required security from its own resources, so that 
costs incurred during the period of delay would have been wasted, but also that those standing behind the plaintiff who could be expected to benefit from the litigation are unable to provide the required security (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 Rhema Ventures Pty Ltd v Stenders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683  [1993] 2 Qd R 326 at 333; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 Rickard Constructions Pty Ltd v Allianz Australia Insurance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683  [2002] NSWSC 1162 at [17] \endash  [18].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid537016\charrsid537016 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11610976\charrsid7109168 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s16\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15412060 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid7109168 When considering the prejudice that may be caused to the plaintiff by ordering for security for cost, the court must have careful consideration and much thought on the possible frustration of plaintiff\rquote s case. T
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid8272772\charrsid7109168 he fact that the ordering of security will frustrate the Plaintiff\rquote 
s right to litigate its claim because of its financial condition does not automatically lead to the refusal of an Order. Nonetheless, it will usually operate as a powerful factor in exercising the Court\rquote s discretion in the Plaintiff\rquote s
 favour (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid8272772\charrsid2761611 per Clarke J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid8272772\charrsid7109168 Yandil Holdings Pty Ltd v Insurance Co of North America}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf1\insrsid8272772\charrsid7109168 \~(1985) 3 ACLC 542.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid7109168 
 However, the court should be alert and sensitive to the risk that may lead to denial right to access to justice guaranteed by International Human Rights instrument and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7109168\charrsid7109168 
the Fiji Constitution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2761611 as well (Section 15 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid13001396  of the Constitution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid2761611 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7109168\charrsid7109168 . This consideration was emphasized by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7109168\charrsid7109168 Simon Brown LJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7109168  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 Olakunle Olatawura v Abiloye}{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12330359\charrsid9838842 
 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b2003%5d%201%20WLR%20275?stem=&synonyms=&query=security%20for%20cost" \\o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid393585\charrsid9838842 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90bfa00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f006300670069002d00620069006e002f004c006100770043006900740065003f00630069007400
3d002500350062003200300030003300250035006400250032003000310025003200300057004c0052002500320030003200370035003f007300740065006d003d002600730079006e006f006e0079006d0073003d002600710075006500720079003d007300650063007500720069007400790025003200300066006f0072
0025003200300063006f00730074000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12330359\charrsid9838842 [2002] 4 All}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12330359\charrsid9838842  ER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6427632  903}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid12330359\charrsid2821892 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12330359\charrsid2821892 (CA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12330359  at page 910}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid7109168  as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 :\~
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7109168 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid7109168 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 Before ordering\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 security for costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 \~
in any case (i e whether or not within CPR Pt 25) the court should be alert and sensitive to the risk that by making such an order it may be denying the party concerned the right to access to the court. Whether or not the person concerned has (or can rais
e) the money will always be a prime consideration, not least since article 6 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms became incorporated into domestic law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11610976\charrsid11610976 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7109168\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8272772\charrsid11610976 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6191788\charrsid16588683 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7109168\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6191788\charrsid16588683 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6191788  basic principle underlying the discretion is 
that, it is prima facie unjust that a foreign plaintiff, who by virtue of his foreign residence is more or less immune to the consequences of an order for cost against him, should be allowed to proceed without making funds available within the jurisdictio
n against which such an order for cost can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11147554  b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6191788 e executed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788 
(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788 Corfu Navigation Co. V. Mobil Shipping}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788 Co. Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788 [1991] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 52}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid6191788  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6191788\charrsid1067881 per Lord Donaldson MR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6191788  at page 54)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid1067881 
. Therefore, as a matter of discretion it is a general rule of practice of the court to require the foreign plaintiffs to give security for cost as it is just to do so (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6957797 
Aeronave SPA v Westland Charters Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6948043  [1971] 1 WLR 1445; [1971] 3 All ER 531, CA).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7479420\charrsid6948043 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6948043\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6948043\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 
It has been emphasized in several authorities that, the purpose of the discretion given to the court under Order 23 is not to make it difficult for foreign plaintiffs to sue, but to protect the defendants (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 Corfu Navigation Co. V. Mobil Shipping}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 Co. Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 [1991] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 52}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 per Lord Donaldson MR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043  at page 55). This purpose was further expounded by }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 Sir Nicolas Browne Wilkinson V.C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043 , (1987) 1 All }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 ER 1074}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 \~at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043 page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 1076}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043  as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6948043\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid6948043 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15023500\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid15023500 
"The purpose of ordering security for costs against a plaintiff ordinarily resident outside the jurisdiction is to ensure that a successful defendant will have a fund available within the jurisdiction of this court against which it can enforce the judgmen
t
 for costs. It is not, in the ordinary case, in any sense designed to provide a defendant with security for costs against a plaintiff who lacks funds. The risk of defending a case brought by a penurious plaintiff is as applicable to plaintiffs coming from
 outside the jurisdiction as it is to plaintiff\rquote s residents within the jurisdiction"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6948043\charrsid15023500 .\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6948043\charrsid15023500 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15023500\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6191788 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid339727 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7363844\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid339727 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6704719\charrsid16588683  purpose of protecting the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683 defendant is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3343144 also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683  reflected in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13721282 general principle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10098273 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13721282 
has been stated on many occasions that, the order for security is not made against the foreign plaintiffs who have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10098273  properties within the jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13721282  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid7363844 Thesiger L.J. in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16588683\charrsid7363844 Redondo v. Chaytor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid7363844  (1879) 40 L.T. 797 said at p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7363844 age.799}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid7363844 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7363844\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7363844\charrsid7363844 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7363844\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683\charrsid16588683 \'93\'85
 if a plaintiff who is perman
ently resident out of the jurisdiction, has property within the jurisdiction which can be made subject to the process of the court, in such a case, the reason of the rule being withdrawn, the rule gives way, and the court will not order security to be giv
en.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16588683 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7363844\charrsid7363844 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15883998 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4209612\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998 
It is prima facie rule that, the foreign plaintiffs, who bring the actions, ought to give security for cost. This rule is subject to certain exceptions, one being that, if there is property within the jurisdiction, which can reasonably regarded as
 available to meet the defendant\rquote s right to have cost paid, then there should be no order for security }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998\charrsid15286749 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15883998\charrsid7348877 per Greer L.J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998\charrsid15286749  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15883998\charrsid15286749 Kevokian v. Burney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998\charrsid3695366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998\charrsid15286749 
(No.2) (1937) 4 All E.R. 468 at 469C)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15883998 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4209612  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7616499\charrsid4209612 
However, having mere property or an asset within the jurisdiction will not relieve the foreign plaintiffs from being bound to give security for cost. The property or the asset must be of fixed and permanent nature and be quite sufficient to satisfy the co
sts if the action should be decided against the plaintiffs. This view was expressed by Lord Justice Bowen in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7616499\charrsid4209612 Ebbrard v. Gassier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid7616499\charrsid4209612  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7616499\charrsid4209612 (1884) 28 Ch.D. 232 at 235 as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4796856\charrsid4209612 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4796856\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7616499 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15883998\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4796856\charrsid7616499 
The Plaintiffs being abroad were prima facie bound to give security for costs, and if the
y desired to escape from doing so they were bound to shew that they had substantial property in this country, not of a floating, but of a fixed and permanent nature, which would be available in the event of the Defendants being entitled to the costs of th
e action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7616499\charrsid7616499 \'85\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4796856\charrsid7616499 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15883998\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid7616499\charrsid7616499 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4796856\charrsid7616499 
It is clear that the property referred to in this affidavit affords no real security to the Defendants.  It is not property of any fixed amount; what is left of it may be quite insufficient to satisfy the costs if the action should be decided ag
ainst the Plaintiffs.  Therefore, if this appeal were to be decided on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid14495097\charrsid7616499 affidavits}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4796856\charrsid7616499 
 which were before the Vice-Chancellor, we should probably have ordered the Plaintiffs to give security for costs on the ground that the Plaintiffs to give security for costs on the ground that the Plaintiff\rquote 
s affidavit was ambiguous and insufficient.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid4796856 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid15286749 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15286749 \tab 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1903041 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7348877\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1903041 There are some other exceptions too, which can be considered by the courts when making its decision of either ordering or refusing the security. Some of those exceptional circumstances are briefed in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1903041\charrsid11605015 The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1903041  (White Book), in Volume 
1 at page 430, and in paragraph 23/3/3. The said passage reads:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16588683 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1903041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1903041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 \'93
In the case which follow, investigation of the merits was justified only because the Plaintiffs demonstrated a very high probability of success. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
If there is a strong prima facie presumption that the defendant will fail in his defence to the action, the Court may refuse him any security for costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
 (see per Collins J. in Crozat v. Brogden [1894] 2 Q. B. 30 at 33 (the judgment of the CA in that case was in substance reversed by the former O. 65, 
r.6B, made in 1920, which in substance is repeated in r. 1 (1). See also Trident International Freight Services Ltd v. Manchester Ship Canal Co. [1990] B. C. L. C. 263, CA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
It may be a denial of justice to order a plaintiff to give security for the costs of a defendant who has no defence to the claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 . Again, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 if a defendant admits so much of the claim as would be equal to the amount for which security would have been ordered, the Court may refuse him security}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 , for he can secure himself by paying the admitted amount into Court (Hogan v. Hogan (No 2) [1924] 2 Ir. R 14). Further, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
where defendant admits his liability, plaintiff will not be ordered to give security}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
 (De St. Martin v. Davis  & Co. [1884] W. N. 86) and this may remain the position despite a counterclaim (Winterfield v. Bradnum (1878) 3 Q. B. D. 324);.....\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1903041\charrsid1903041 
 (Emphasis added)
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s22 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1644908 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15349333 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1644908 The court may consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333  the plaintiff succeeding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1644908 
 in a case as a major matter in deciding the security for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333 .  However, this does not mean that every application for security for costs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333 requires}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333  a detailed examination of the merits of the case.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1644908 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333 attempt to go into the merits of the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1644908  should not be encouraged,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333  unless it can be clearly demonstrated one way or another that there is a high degree of probability of success or failure.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1644908 
 This was clearly demonstrated by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005\charrsid6948043 Sir Nicolas Browne Wilkinson V.C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005 , (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005\charrsid6948043 \~at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005 page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005\charrsid6948043 107}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005 7 as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid8090005\charrsid6948043 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8090005 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15349333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8090005 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 
The matters urged before me have spread over a fairly wide field.  First there have been attempts to go into the likelihood of the plaintiff wining the case or the defendant winning the case, presumably following the note in The Supreme Court Pract
ice 1985 Vol 1, para 23/1 \endash  3/2, which says: \'85\'94A major matter for consideration is the likelihood of the plaintiff succeeding \'85\'94
 This is the second occasion recently on which I have had a major hearing on security for costs and in which the parties have sought to investigate in considerable detail the likelihood or otherwise of success }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8090005\charrsid15883998 in the action.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8090005\charrsid15883998 I do not think }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 
that is a right course to adopt on an application for security 
for costs.  The decision is necessarily made at an interlocutory stage on inadequate material and without any hearing of the evidence.  A detailed examination of the possibilities of success or failure merely blows the case up into a large interlocutory h
earing involving great expenditure of both money and time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 .
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 
Undoubtedly, if it can clearly be demonstrated that the plaintiff is likely to succeed, in the sense that there is a very high probability of success, then that is a matter that can properly be wei
ghed in the balance.  Similarly, if it can be shown that there is a very high probability that the defendant will succeed, that is a matter that can be weighed.  But for myself I deplore the attempt to go into the merits of the case unless it can be clear
ly demonstrated one way or another that there is a high degree of probability of success or failure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8090005\charrsid15883998  (Emphasis added)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid8090005\charrsid15883998 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid15883998 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8090005\charrsid16004427 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s22 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s22\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5797660 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 Furthermore, in an application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15349333\charrsid16004427  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 for security the Court must take account of the plaintiff\rquote s prospects of success, admissions by the de
fendant, open offers and payments into Court (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 per Lord Denning MR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Ltd v. Triplan Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 
 [1973] 2 All ER 273 at page 286); but a defendant should not be adversely affected in seeking security merely because he has attempted to reach a settlement.  Evidence of negotiations conducted \'93without prejudice\'94
 should not be admitted without his consent (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 Simaan Contracting Co. v. Pilkingoton Glass Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 
 [1987] 1 W.L.R. 516; [1987] 1 All E.R. 345). However, in a minor\rquote s case, security for costs against a party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1203180 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427  who is a parent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1203180 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427 
 would only be ordered in the most exceptional circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 Pennycuick J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid16004427\charrsid16272331 Re B. (Infants)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16004427  [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16272331 1965] 2 All E.R. 65}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331\charrsid16272331 1 held at page 652 that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16004427\charrsid16272331 
 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16272331 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16272331 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid16272331\charrsid4674883 
Quite apart from that objection to the present motion, which is one of jurisdi
ction, it would, I think, be extremely unusual to order security for costs in an infant case against a party who was one of the parents of the infant.  The general principle on which the court acts in infant cases is, I think, that either parent of the in
f
ant, is entitled to put before the court his or her view on the point of what is for the welfare of the infant, and only in the most exceptional circumstances would the court prevent a parent from putting his views before the court by means of an order fo
r security for costs.  Counsel has mentioned certain special circumstances in this case but it seems to me that, even assuming that I have jurisdiction to make an order at all \endash  and I do not think I have got jurisdiction to make an order \endash 
 still, in the exercise of my discretion I ought not to make the order.  I must therefore dismiss the motion.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5797660 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid16004427 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16272331 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 The examination of the rules of the court and authorities cited above reveal that, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 he following principles emerge }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 in this regard.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660 
owever, given }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12864399 discretionary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid16272331 power}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12864399  expected to be exercised by courts with judicial mind considering all the circumstances of a particular case,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12864399 se principles should not be considered to be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660  exhaustive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5057245\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057245 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 Granting securit}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 y for cost is a real discretion and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 
he court should have regard to all the circumstances of the case and grant security only if it thinks it just to do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid15483952  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15483952\charrsid16541063 Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Ltd v. Triplan Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15483952  (supra); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15483952\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15483952  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15483952  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid11228106 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11228106\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid6843742 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11228106\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 It is no longer an inflexible 
or a rigid rule that plaintiff resident abroad should provide security for costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid15483952  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15483952\charrsid11605015 
The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15483952 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid16081855\charrsid11228106 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11228106\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid11228106 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s22 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11228106 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11228106 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106 Application for security may be made at any stage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11228106\charrsid11228106 Re Smith}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293  (1896) 75 L.T. 46, CA; and see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11228106\charrsid11228106 
Arkwright v. Newbold}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293  [1880] W.N. 59; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11228106\charrsid11228106 Martano v Mann}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293  (1880) 14 Ch.D. 419, CA; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11228106\charrsid11228106 Lydney, etc. Iron Ore CO. v. Bird}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293  (1883) 23 Ch.D. 358)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9707682\charrsid9707682 Brown v. Haig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682\charrsid4268293  [1905] 2 Ch. 379}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid4268293 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11228106 Preferably, the application for security should be made promptly (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11228106\charrsid2949709 Ravi Nominees Pty Ltd v Phillips Fox}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11228106 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11228106\charrsid9707682 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9707682\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\insrsid11228106 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11228106 The d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid16081855 
elay in making application may be relevant to the exercise of discretion; however, it is not the decisive factor. The prejudice that may be caused to the plaintiff due to delay will influence the court in exercising its discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10633294  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9707682\charrsid10633294 Jenred Properties Ltd v. Ente Nazionale Italiano per il Tuismo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682  (supra); 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9707682\charrsid278102 Ross Ambrose Group Pty Ltd v Renkon Pty Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682  (supra); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9707682\charrsid16588683 Litmus Australia Pty Ltd (in liq) v Paul Brian Canty and Ors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10633294 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid16081855 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660\charrsid9707682 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9707682\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682\charrsid9707682 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 
The purpose of granting security for cost is to protect the defendant and not to put the plaintiff in difficult.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742  It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742  should not be used oppressively so as to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid9707682  try and stifle a genuine claim (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid9707682\charrsid6948043 Corfu Navigation Co. V. Mobil Shipping}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid9707682\charrsid6948043 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid9707682\charrsid6948043 Co. Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid9707682  (supra);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9707682  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9707682\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid9707682  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10315131 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10633294  Denial of the right to access to justice too}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11031707 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10633294  should be considered (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid11031707\charrsid11610976 Olakunle Olatawura v Abiloye}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid11031707  (supra)).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid9707682 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9707682\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682\charrsid9707682 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 f.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 
It may be a denial of justice to order a plaintiff to give security for the costs of a defendant who has no defence to the claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305 Hogan v. Hogan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305  (No 2) [1924] 2 Ir. R 14)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid11497305 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11431429 Likewise, order for security is not made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11604594 against the foreign plaintiffs who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9134779 have properties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11604594  within the jurisdiction (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11604594\charrsid7363844 Redondo v. Chaytor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11604594  (supra); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11604594\charrsid7616499 Ebbrard v. Gassier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11604594  (supra)). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9707682\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9707682\charrsid9707682 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 g.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 
The court may refuse the security for cost on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742   the following ground}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305  (see: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11497305\charrsid11605015 The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
 Vol 1 page 430, and paragraph 23/3/3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9444879\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9444879\charrsid9444879 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1800\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1800\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 If the defendant admits the liability.

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}If the claim of the plaintiff is bona fide and not sham.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}
If the plaintiffs demonstrates a very high probability of success. If there is a strong prima facie presumption that the defendant will fail in his defence.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742\charrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}If the defendant has no defence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11497305\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6843742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 h.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 
The prospect of success, admission by the defendants, payment to the court, open offer must be taken into account when exercising the discretion. However, the attempt to reach settlement and \'93without prejudice\'94 negotiations should not be considered}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11497305\charrsid16004427 Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Ltd v. Triplan Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
 (supra); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305 Simaan Contracting Co. v. Pilkingoton Glass Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6843742 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid11497305\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5797660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 i.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5797660\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660 
In case of a minor the security for cost will be awarded against the parent only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7947785  in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660  most exceptional cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid11497305\charrsid16272331 Re B. (Infants)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid5797660 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5797660\charrsid6843742 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4263426 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11497305 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305 Analysis }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11497305 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid11497305\charrsid11497305 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5057245 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8350347\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057245 The fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057245  that, the plaintiff is ordinarily resident out of jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid918318  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723 he does not have any property within the jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057245  w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723 ere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5057245  not denied. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723 
It is prima facie rule that, the foreign plaintiffs who bring the actions ought to give security for cost. This rule is subject to certain exceptions, one being that, if there is property within the jurisdiction, which can reasonably regarded as available
 to meet the defendant\rquote s right to have cost paid, then there should be no order for security }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid15286749 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid7348877 per Greer L.J.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid15286749  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid9786723\charrsid15286749 
Kevokian v. Burney}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid3695366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid15286749 (No.2) (1937) 4 All E.R. 468 at 469C)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9786723 . Thus, the plaintiff is not falling under the main exception to the rule.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9786723\charrsid7808895 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7808895\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7808895 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid463254\charrsid12322015 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7808895\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid463254\charrsid12322015 The counsel for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13918367\charrsid12322015 plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid463254\charrsid12322015  opposing the application for security }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13918367\charrsid12322015 submitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid463254\charrsid12322015  that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7808895\charrsid12322015 
there was an inexcusable and inordinate delay on part of the defendant in filling this summons, i.e. the defendant filed this summons only after 25 months from date of fill
ing the writ though he knew well that, the plaintiff ordinarily reside overseas. The issue of delay in this matter should be discussed in two viewpoints. One is the actual delay and the person responsible for that delay and other is the effect of the dela
y in exercising the discretion of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5047590\charrsid12322015  court either way.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13833085\charrsid12322015  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6564193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6564193\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6564193\charrsid6564193 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13833085\charrsid12322015 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7808895\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13833085\charrsid12322015 
There is an actual delay of 25 months from the date of filling the writ to the instant summons. It quite long time considering the general timeframe given for the parties to take stopes in the c
ivil proceedings. However, the question is whether the defendant is solely responsible for the same. The case file reveals that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8804125\charrsid12322015 writ was filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1005478\charrsid12322015 on 09.06.2015}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015\charrsid12322015 . The defendant filed the Acknowledgment of Service of Writ on 29.07.2015 and followed by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015 Statement of Defence which was filed on 11.08.2015. The plaintiff should have filed his Reply to Defence within 14 days thereafter at least by 25.08.2015. However, the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1728135  did not take any steps for almost for one year and three months (15 months) till 18.11.2016 when he filed the \lquote Notice of Intention to Proceed\rquote .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8459805 
 Even though the plaintiff expressed his intention to proceed on 18.11.2016, it took further four (04) months}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487434  for him to file the reply to statement of defence. He only filed the same on 14.0
3.2017 together with the summons for direction. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10838201 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4487434 
 now becomes obvious that, though the plaintiff blamed the defendant for delay of 25 months, he (the plaintiff) is the major contrib}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6053548 utor for delay, being inactive for 19 months}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid269087 , without any reason}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6053548 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid269087  In fact,
 either the defendant or this court on its own motion could have issued notice on the plaintiff to show cause under Order 25 rule 9.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6053548  Thus, argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid269087  of the plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6053548  of delay on part of the defendant is weak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10838201 , as the plaintiff is the one who already delayed 
the process}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6053548 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7808895 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12322015\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015\charrsid12322015 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1258506\charrsid4730341 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4077895\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1258506\charrsid4730341 
The second aspect of the delay is its influence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14962982\charrsid4730341  on exercise of discretion by the court in deciding issue of cost in a given case.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341  Several facts to be noted in this regard. Firstly, the old rule of the Court of Chancery that an application for security for cost must be made promptly had been abrogated (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341 Martano v Mann}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341  (supra) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341 
Lydney, etc. Iron Ore CO. v. Bird}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341  (supra) and an order for security may be made at any stage of the proceedings (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341 Re Smith; Bain v Bain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7952432 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341 . Secondly, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1847334\charrsid4730341  Order 23 rule 1 too does not prescribe any time limit within which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid10636924\charrsid4730341  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1847334\charrsid4730341 such application may be made. Thirdly,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341\charrsid4730341 
 when it is stated that an application for security for costs should be brought promptly and prosecuted promptly, it does not mean that, the belated application cannot be entertained. The belated application for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6127262\charrsid4730341 security can only have a prejudicial affect if there is a risk that an order will stifle the action and hence cause costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7952432  already}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6127262\charrsid4730341  incurred to have been wasted.  No prejudice can possibly exist where there is no such risk}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4077895\charrsid4730341  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6127262\charrsid4730341 Ross Ambrose Group Pty Ltd v Renkon Pty Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6127262\charrsid4730341  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341\charrsid4730341 
(supra). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7952432 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341\charrsid4730341 inally, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341 in a given case, g}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341\charrsid6843742 ranting securit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341 y for cost is a real discretion and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4730341 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4730341\charrsid6843742 he court should have regard to all the circumstances of the case and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid3090439 it should do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4730341\charrsid6843742  only if it thinks it just to do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid4730341  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4730341\charrsid16541063 Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Ltd v. Triplan Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4730341  (supra); }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4730341\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4730341  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3090439 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3090439\charrsid4077895 
Therefore, the alleged delay by the plaintiff, for which he is major contributor, should be considered in the in the light of above cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid4077895\charrsid4077895  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid15940073 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid15940073 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 
G.E. Dal Pont}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 , in \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 
Law of Costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 \'94, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 hird }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 dition,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073  LexisNexis Butterworth, Australia 2013,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073 explains the delay and the potential prejudice to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid5724165 plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073  in paragraph 29.124 at page 1036, where the writer has said that}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10625495 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid10625495 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10625495\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10625495\charrsid10625495 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid8279172 \'93
For a defendant to delay applying for security, and permit the plaintiff to incur substantial costs in preparing for the proceedings, has the potential to unduly prejudice and oppress the plaintiff if there is a risk that the security order will stifle th
e
 action.  The main concern is that the plaintiff may have incurred costs in pursuing the matter that it would not have incurred had the application for security been made successfully at the outset, and that these costs will effectively have been wasted i
f the security order threatens the plaintiff\rquote s financial ability to continue with the action\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid15940073 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073\charrsid15940073 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3093357 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4077895\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid3093357 
According to the case file, the plaintiff did not take any steps for 15 months after the statement of defence was filed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15809534 
 It took further 4 months for the plaintiff to file the summons for direction on 14.03.2017}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15943695  together with the reply to defence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15809534 . The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid13267731  defendant filed the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15809534  instant summons on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15943695 18.07.2017}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid12976922  within 4 months from the day the plaintiff again started to proceed this matter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15943695 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 The only steps taken by the plaintiff were sealing the order on summons for direction and filling the scanned copy of the Affidavit Verifying List of Documents. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2640712 The plaintiff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 could not even file the original }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2640712 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 ffidavit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2640712 V}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 erifying }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2640712 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 ist of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2640712 D
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15009163 ocuments, though court ordered on 31.03.2017 to file the same. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid269087 
Therefore, it cannot be said that, the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11208630  delayed the summons for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid10771685 , permitting the plaintiff to incur substantial cost in preparing for the proceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid11208630 
 and thereby caused risk or prejudice which can stifle plaintiff\rquote s case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015\charrsid4077895 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5469370\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4077895 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4077895 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8145960 ough the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4077895  defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145960 
 admitted signing agreement for sale of portion of his property as pleaded by the plaintiff,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4077895  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145960 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid4077895 completely denied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145960 breaching the said agreement. He further pleaded in his statement of defence that, the
re were conditions precedents in the said agreement and thereby the plaintiff was to sub-divide the said land and obtain the title. The defendant further pleaded that, the plaintiff had to obtain the consent from the Minister of Lands before the agreement
 becoming lawful. However, the plaintiff f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3879511 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8145960 
iled to do so within the time specified in the agreement and continued to reside in U.S.A without fulfilling conditions precedent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309285 . Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid401415 
erefore,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309285  the defendant pleaded that, the said agreement was void }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid13309285\charrsid13309285 ab initio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13309285 . The plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309285  in his belated reply filed after 19 months from filling the defence}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309285  stated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13309285 
he joined issues with the defendant in relation to all the averments in the statement of defence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9846275\charrsid15940073 
The court can consider a party\rquote s success or failure in a given case in considering the application for security for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15940073 , if it can clearly be demonstrated (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073\charrsid6948043 Porzelack K G v. Porzelack (UK) Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15940073 , (supra))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9846275\charrsid15940073 . However in this case, it does not clearly demonstrate one way or another that there is a high degree of probability of success or failure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid685887\charrsid15940073 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3295440\charrsid15940073 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid685887\charrsid15940073 hus}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid12854793 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9846275\charrsid15940073  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3295440\charrsid15940073 it is not advisable to consider the same now. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12322015\charrsid15940073 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15940073\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7808895 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14242088\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 Master }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 J.J.Udit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14242088  stated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088  in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 Sharma v Registrar of Titles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088  [2007] FJHC 118; HBC 351.2001 (13 July 2007) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14242088 as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 ;}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li1440\ri720\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14242088 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 \'93The aforementioned rule, 
vests the court with an unfettered discretion to order security for costs. All this rule entails to protect is the risks to which an applicant may be exposed to for recovering of costs in a foreign jurisdiction. The quantum of costs comparatively in Fiji 
i
s not relatively high although fairly substantive within the jurisdiction which is worth recovering. Execution of costs abroad where the litigation costs are much higher will render the exercise as wholly uneconomical. Be that as it may, ultimately the is
sue is not that the respondent will not have the assets or money to pay the costs or that the law of the foreign party's country not recognizing an order of our court, and/or enforcement of costs order even be it under any legislation similar to our}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\i\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11032977  HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/reoja341/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid393585 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b8000000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f0066006a002f006c0065006700690073002f0063006f006e0073006f006c005f00610063007400
2f00720065006f006a0061003300340031002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\ul\cf2\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 Reciprocal Enforcement of Judgments Act}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\i\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf1\insrsid14242088\charrsid14242088 (Cap 39), but it is also the extra steps which will be needed to enforce any such judgment outside the jurisdiction. Indeed, it will not be an irrefutable
 presumption to infer that an extra burden in terms of costs and delay, compared with the equivalent steps that could be taken in Fiji, will be an inevitable corollary. The obvious expenditure which comes to my mind is the engagement of an attorney and th
e conundrum of registering an order in the foreign jurisdiction before it can be enforced\'94.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14242088 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8279172\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088 It follows from the above analysis that, there is a necessity to protect the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10176499  defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid14242088  in this case exercising the unfettered discretion conferred on this court under and by virtue of Order 23 rule 1. Accordingly, I hold }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10176499 that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088 this is a fit and proper case for exercise of such discre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10771685 tion in favour of the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10176499 
 and to order the plaintiff to deposit some amount as the security for cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2245791  The next issue is the quantum of the security}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7817642  to be ordered in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2245791 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6644284\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6644284 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6644284 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6644284\charrsid6644284 Quantum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6644284 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6644284\charrsid6644284 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2245791\charrsid5718516 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 35.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sb120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6576969\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2245791\charrsid5718516 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid5718516 
re is no hard and fast rule which guides the court in deciding the amount of the security that a party may be ordered to provide. The general practice is that, the c
ourt, in its discretion, will fix such sum as it thinks just, having regard to all the circumstances of a given case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 . In a very old case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 Dominion Brewery Ltd v Foster}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516  77}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516  LT 507}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 Lindley MR said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 at 508:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri600\sb120\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin600\lin720\itap0\pararsid5718516\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\sb120\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5718516\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 'It is obvious that, as to a question of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 quantum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 
 such as this, you cannot lay down any very accurate principle or rule. The only principle which, as it appears to me, can be said to apply to a case of the kind is this, that you must have regard, in deciding upon the amount of the security to be o
rdered, to the probable costs which the defendant will be put to so far as this can be ascertained. It would be absurd, of course, to take the estimate of the managing clerk to the defendant's solicitors and give him just what is asked for. You must look 
as fairly as you can at the whole case.'
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5718516\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516\charrsid5718516 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5718516 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 36.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8279172\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 What is required from the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12918250 court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12918250 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 
to make a fair amount in a possible way at the whole case. It is neither }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686 on full indemnity basis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5718516 
, nor what is estimated by the law clerk of defendant\rquote s solicitors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid10768686\charrsid11605015 The Supreme Court Practice 1999}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686  (White Book), in Volume 1 at page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12464418 440}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686 , and in paragraph 23/3/}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12464418 39,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686  explains this practice and states that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2245791 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10768686 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10768686 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s22\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10768686 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686 
The amount of security awarded is in the discretion of the Court, which will fix such sum as it thinks just, having regard to all 
the circumstances of the case.  It is not always the practice to order security on a full indemnity basis.  If security is sought, as it often is, at an early stage in the proceedings, the Court will be faced with an estimate made by a solicitor or his cl
e
rk of the costs likely in the future to be incurred; and probably the costs already incurred or paid will only a fraction of the security sought by the applicant.  At that stage one of the features of the future of the action which is relevant is the poss
i
bility that it may be settled, perhaps quite soon.  In such a situation it may well be sensible to make an arbitrary discount of the costs estimated as probable future costs but there is no hard and fast rule.  On the contrary each case has to be decided 
on its own circumstances and i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid6553987 t may not always be appropriate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686  to make such a discount (}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686 Procon (Great Brotain) Ltd v. Provincial Building Co. Ltd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686 
[1984] 1 W.L.R. 557; [1984] 2 All E.R. 368, CA).  It is a great convenience to the Court to be informed what are the estimated costs, and for this purpose a skeleton bill of costs usually affords a ready guide (cited with approval by Lane J. in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686 T.Sloyan & Sons (Builders) Ltd v. Brothers of Christian Instruction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\insrsid10768686\charrsid10768686 
 [1974] 3 All E.R. 715 at 720).
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10768686\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid14242088\charrsid10768686 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11996149 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 37.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11996149\contextualspace \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11996149 
The defendant claims a sum of FJ$ 20,000.00 as the security for cost.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11996149 
On the other hand, the plaintiff objects the same and states that, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585 he already paid a sum of FJ$ 52,430.80 being the part of the purchase price. The plaintiff\rquote 
s counsel in his submission stated that, the consideration should be made to the prospect success of the plaintiff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2496807  The whole claim of the plaintiff is based on the agreement he entered into 
with the defendant to purchase the part of the land owned by the defendant. The rights and the obligations of the parties derive from the said agreement. Whilst the plaintiff claims for specific performance or in the alternative for amount paid by him to 
t
he defendant, the latter claims that the said agreement is void ab initio for failure of the plaintiff to fulfill the conditions precedent. The success or the failure of the parties depends on the terms and conditions of that agreement. Had any of the par
ties attached the copy of that agreement with their respective affidavit, this court would have been in a better position to consider prospective success or failure of either party. However, none of them attached the same. Therefore, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585 the court decided}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7495012 , in the preceding paragraphs, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585 
not to give more weight to it as it does not clearly demonstrate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585\charrsid15940073 one way or another that there is a high degree of probability of success or failure.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2385440\charrsid13006585 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13006585\contextualspace \cbpat8 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid13006585\charrsid2385440 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid860405 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 38.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1134792\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405 There are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2385440\charrsid1134792 some cases such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1134792\charrsid272270 Sunflower Aviation Ltd v Civil Aviation Authority of the Fiji Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid1134792\charrsid1134792  [2015] FJHC 336; HBC250.2008 (8 May 2015), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2385440\charrsid272270 Peters v Seashell @ Momi Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2385440\charrsid1134792  [2015] FJHC 581; HBC32.2012 (11 August 2015), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6768591\charrsid272270 Aerolink Air Services Pty Ltd v Sunflower Aviation Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6768591\charrsid1134792  [2014] FJHC 817;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405  HBC013.2011 (12 November 2014) and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792\charrsid1134792  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid1134792\charrsid272270 Neesham v Sonaisali Island Resort Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792\charrsid1134792  [2011] FJHC 642; Civil Action 262.2007 (13 October 2011)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405  where t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792 he courts have ordered the plaintiffs to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233 deposit}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792  a substantive amount as security for cost. Those cases may guide in arriving an appropriate amount suitable for all the circumstances of the case in hand before me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid7890742 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7890742 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792 
owever, they cannot be taken as the inflexible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7890742  or rigid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid1134792  guidance to in exercising the unfettered discretion of this court. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6644284 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid860405\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405\charrsid860405 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid860405 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 39.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1134792\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405 The counsel for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid8655233 plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233 
submitted in paragraph 3.14 of his written submission that, the plaintiff already incurred a sum of 7,213.99 and will need to pay approximately another $ 10,000.00 to 15,000.00 to conduct the trial. If that is case, the plaintiff\rquote 
s cost would be more than $ 20,000.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7890742 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid7890742 It follows that,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233  the defendant claim for $ 20,000.00 as the security }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11020138 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233  justifiable}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11020138  as he too might incur similar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3216804 amount of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid11020138 cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid13124179  at the end of the case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8655233 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid860405 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6644284 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid6644284\charrsid6644284 Conclusion 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10296397 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 40.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2821892\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10296397 Thus, having }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6506281 considered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10296397  all the circumstances of the case before me}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10296397  and in particular, with the view of finding an equilibrium between the two conflicting interests}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid6297359  that,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10296397  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10296397 
 protection of the defendants and ensuring the right of the plaintiff to access to justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 , which should not, merely, be stifled with the order of ex}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15806940 orbitant cost and the fact that the Plaintiff paid consid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid12592333 erable amount of purchase price,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 
 I order the plaintiff to deposit a sum of FJ $ }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15806940 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 
,000.00 as the security for cost within a month from today. I think this amount is just and equitable in all the circumstances of this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892  and it is the best this court may do}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid8131385  in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892 , as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 Simon Brown LJ observ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid2821892 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892  in\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 Olakunle Olatawura v Abiloye}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid9838842 \~}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11032977 
 HYPERLINK "http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/LawCite?cit=%5b2003%5d%201%20WLR%20275?stem=&synonyms=&query=security%20for%20cost" \\o "View LawCite Record" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid393585 {\*\datafield 
10d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90bfa00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007000610063006c00690069002e006f00720067002f006300670069002d00620069006e002f004c006100770043006900740065003f00630069007400
3d002500350062003200300030003300250035006400250032003000310025003200300057004c0052002500320030003200370035003f007300740065006d003d002600730079006e006f006e0079006d0073003d002600710075006500720079003d007300650063007500720069007400790025003200300066006f0072
0025003200300063006f00730074000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab0003}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid9838842 [200}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid9838842\charrsid9838842 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid9838842 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9838842\charrsid9838842 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid9838842  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9838842\charrsid9838842 All}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9838842\charrsid9838842  ER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 (CA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid9838842 at page 910 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892 as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 :\~
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2821892\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2821892\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 
...}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 
.. the more difficult it appears to be for the person concerned to raise the money, the more obvious becomes the need for an order for security to protect the other party against the risk of incurring irrecoverable costs.\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 The court will have to resolve that conundrum as best it may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16661245\charrsid2821892 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid16661245  (Emphasis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid2821892  added).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\ul\cf1\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid6297359\charrsid2821892 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2821892\charrsid2821892 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6297359\charrsid2821892 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 41.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1134792\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359\charrsid2821892 In result, the final orders are;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6297359\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359\charrsid6297359 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6297359 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6297359\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 The plaintiff }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 should deposit a sum of FJ $ }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid10437700 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 ,000.00 at this registry within a month from today,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6297359 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6650461\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650461 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15545249 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6297359\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 The cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\insrsid3891708  of this summons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249  will be in the cause, and
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6650461\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid6650461\charrsid6650461 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s17 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15545249 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s17\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid6297359\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 The matter to be mentioned on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4735402 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid4735402 07}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 .201}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid3891708 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid2041927  to check the compliance of this order by the plaintiff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid15545249 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5639734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5639734\charrsid5639734 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s17\qj \li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5639734\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5639734 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\insrsid5639734\charrsid1134792 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8350347 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f37\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid15023500\charrsid15349333 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7821943 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\ul\cf1\insrsid15023500 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri6\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin6\lin0\itap0\pararsid1130004 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10428118\charrsid3281422 U.L Mohamed Azhar
\par Master}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10428118  of the High Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs24\insrsid10428118\charrsid3281422 
\par At Lautoka
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