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{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
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{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
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{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
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{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
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{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
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\b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid6506848 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
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\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4210420 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid6506848\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6506848 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid347061 STATE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid6506848\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid347061 Respondent
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4210420 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid8406662 Counsel\tab \tab :     \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 Mr P. Kumar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid8406662  for the Appellant
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 Mr J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid288535\charrsid8406662 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662  Niudamu }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid8406662 for the Respondent
\par 
\par Date of Hearing \tab :  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\super\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662  April}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid351064 , 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid8406662     
\par Date of Judgment\tab :  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\super\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid8406662  May}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid351064 , 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid8406662     
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13787409\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid347061 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid13787409\charrsid9590893 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4272185 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4272185\charrsid4272185 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 1\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-644\li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 The Appellant was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 
charged with Careless Driving contrary to Section 99(1) and 114 of the Land Transport Act 35 of 1998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 n 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280  August, 2017 he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 convicted after a full trial at the Rakiraki Magistrates Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14114280\charrsid14114280 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid14114280 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14114280\charrsid14114280 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 2\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-644\li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid14114280 n 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid347061\charrsid14114280 th}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid14114280  October, 2017, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 the Appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 sentenced with a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 fine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 of $200.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 and default }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14354986 of which, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280 0 days}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid347061\charrsid14114280 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid14114280  imprisonment.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid77090\charrsid14114280  also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 earned 3 demerit points. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid5668329 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9590893\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 \hich\af39\dbch\af0\loch\f39 3\tab}}\pard \ltrpar
\s15\qj \fi-644\li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 Being
 dissatisfied with the conviction of the Magistrates Court, the Appellant through his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4210420 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
ounsel filed his grounds of appeal against conviction within time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9590893\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi644\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9590893 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 GROUNDS OF APPEAL
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-644\li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 4.\tab Following grounds of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4272185 appeal were filed with the Notice of Appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 a.\tab That the 
Learned Resident Magistrate erred in law when he ordered the Appellant to pay the fine of $200.00 with 3 demerit points. The Prosecution failed to establish the element \'93Without due care and attention\'94 of offence.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 b.\tab That the Learned Resident Magistrate e
rred in law when he gave his judgment/order without properly hearing and analyzing the evidences of Appellant.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 c.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in law when he failed to establish the case of R v Lawrence [1981] RIR 217 by failing to take into consideration that the Appellant had always maintained due care and attention.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 d.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to take into consideration the evidence of DW1 \endash  Karuna Garan Nair that PW1 was over speeding and could have a
voided the accident should the complainant had maintained due care and attention.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 e.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to take }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 consideration the evidence of DW2 \endash  Steven Kumar that the accused stopped at the junction at Wairuku for about 60 seconds before entering main road.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 f.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to take consideration of evidence of DW3 \endash  Satish Kumar that PW1 had overtaken 3 vehicles before causing accident with the Appellant\rquote s vehicle. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 g.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to take consideration of evidence of PW1 \endash  Sarwan Kumar that his vehicle was defective in nature and that the break of his vehicle was not working.  The Prosecution failed to estab
lish that PW1 could have avoided the accident at the speed of 60 km/hr if his vehicle was not defective.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 h.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to take }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 consideration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 evidence of PW2 \endash  Avinesh Lingam that before 
the collision the PW2 came to know that the steering of the vehicle driven by PW1 was locked and defective in nature and that the collision could have been avoided if the vehicle of PW1 was not defective.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 i.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact and law by failing to taking into consideration of evidence of PW3 \endash 
 Ashwin A. Lal who stated in his evidence that PW1 was over speeding and was careless. The Prosecution failed to establish that the PW1 could have avoided the accident should he was not over speeding.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 j.\tab 
That the Learned Resident Magistrate erred in fact by failing to taking into consideration of evidence of PW4 \endash  Maciu Ratabacaca who stated in his evidence that PW1 could have avoided the accident should he was cautious enough before o
vertaking at a long broken line.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li644\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin644\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-795\li1439\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1439\itap0\pararsid9590893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 k.\tab 
That the manner in which the Learned Magistrate conducted the proceedings was conducted in an unfair manner since the Learned Magistrate failed to tak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893  into consideration the Appellant\rquote s and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9590893\charrsid9590893 
witnesses evidences before the Court and as a result the manner in which the Learned Magistrate conducted the proceedings was in all circumstances unfair to the Appellant and prejudicially affected the result of the proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid536440\charrsid9590893 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid536440 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4272185 5.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 To support these grounds the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 ppellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid288535 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 ounsel had filed submissions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 
 The Counsel for Respondent also filed submissions and seeks a dismissal of the Appeal. 
\par 
\par 6.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 In summary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 the g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 
rounds raised by the Appellant are based on the premise that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 
earned Magistrate erred in law and in fact in his assessment of the facts and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4210420 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 found the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061  guilty of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 areless }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 
riving without a full assessment of all the evidence adduced and specially as to whether the evidence supported the facts as alleged by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 Prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6830532\charrsid347061 . Therefore, all the grounds can be dealt with together.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 7.\tab In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061  order for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 ppellant to succeed in this appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6830532 he has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061  to show that there was no evidence on which the trial Magistrate could reach the conclusion which he did if he properl
y directed himself.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12347108 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 8.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid5668329\charrsid347061 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 Prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108  on the 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\super\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108  of June 2014, PW1 was driving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 heavy vehicle }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 (container truck) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 and was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 
returning to Ba from Rakiraki. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 PW.2 was s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 ated in the front passenger seat. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 On their way back }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 
to Ba, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 just outside of Rakiraki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 
 they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 involved in an accident at Wairuku, Rakiraki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108 When there was an overtaking lane at }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108 straight stretch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108 PW1 overtook two vehicles in front of him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108  Whilst he was still overtaking, the Appellant emerged from a feeder road and turned towards Rakiraki. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108 PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7289418\charrsid12347108  could not see the Appellant\rquote s ve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108\charrsid12347108 
hicle (Toyota Hilux) being driven }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 to the King\rquote s Road because of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 grown }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108 sugarcane }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4210420 field }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108 beside the road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12347108 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  PW1 saw the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108 ppellant\rquote s vehicle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108 when it was about 2 to 3 meters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 away. When}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  he applied breaks}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  the engine went off. PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 \rquote s vehicle}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  then bumped the FEA post and went into the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648  nearby}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid12347108  drain.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid424194\charrsid12347108 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 9.\tab To prove the charge of Careless Driving, the Prosecution must prove following elements.
\par \tab \tab i.\tab The Accused,
\par \tab \tab ii.\tab Drove a motor vehicle,
\par \tab \tab iii. \tab On a public road,
\par \tab \tab iv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648  \tab Without due care and attention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 
\par 
\par 10.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3759648  no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 t disputed that, at the material time and place, the Appellant was driving a Toyota Hilux vehicle BV}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4210420 -}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 297. It was also not in dispute that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 
the Appellant was driving his vehicle from a feeder road into a public road (King\rquote s Road) at Wairuku and turned towards Rakiraki.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3759648 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 
\par 11.\tab The only dispute was whether the Appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11036949 drove the vehicle without due ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid794101 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid11036949 e and attention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015  The Prosecution had called five witnesses. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4210420 
The Appellant was put to his defence, He called 4 witnesses. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9592852 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3954820 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14905966 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966 12.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15861444\charrsid15861444 The learned Counsel for the Appellant argues strongly that the learned Magistrate has come to a wrong conclusion on the facts. He outlines in his submission the evidence which shows that the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid794101 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444\charrsid15861444 1 (Sarwan Kumar) was actually careless and not the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 A}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444\charrsid15861444 ppellant.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 
\par 
\par 13.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966 PW.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3101843 admitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966  that he was driving a heavy vehicle and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3101843 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14905966  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3101843 at the time of collision, he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14905966 was overtaking two vehicles moving slowly in front of him.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172  His vehicle was overtaking one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 Fi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 elder car and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 he could not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 complete }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 overtak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 
ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 also he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 could not fit into the gap }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 when the Appellant drove his vehicle from the feeder road }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid794101 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 to the main road. He was driving at a speed of 60 km/hr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249445\charrsid14249445  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 He}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445\charrsid14249445  saw the Appellant\rquote s vehicle only when it was about 2 to 3 meters away}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785  as the cane }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid794101 field }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 beside the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 feeder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 road was obstructing 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid794101 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785  view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 . When he applied br}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid794101 ake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 , it was too late to avoid the accident.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 .\tab PW.2 confirmed the evidence of PW.1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14249445 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13372804 could not recall whether there were two vehicles in front of the Fielder. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13372804\charrsid13372804 It wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid13372804 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13372804\charrsid13372804 an overtaking lane.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13372804 
 He denied that PW.1 was over speeding and that the vehicle had a mechanical defect. The steering wheel was locked because of the accident. 
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13372804 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9131280 PW. 3 is an independent witness. He wa
s a taxi driver for five years. As he was heading towards Rakiraki he saw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5073792 clearly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9131280 from a distance of 300 m. Appellant\rquote 
s vehicle entering the main road }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444 from a feeder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 road }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9131280 
and bumping the heavy vehicle as it was overtaking}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15861444  in the main road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9131280 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4994362 Appellant\rquote s vehicle never stopped at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4994362 junction, it just came slowly and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 entered the main road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4994362 . Within seconds, the accident occurred. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 .\tab LTA officer (PW.4) confirmed that there were no defects in both vehicles. The accident occurred }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 at a stretch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015  where there was a long broken line}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid1007015  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 vertaking is permitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390 in this area }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 he stressed that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 the driver must take precautions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1007015    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4994362   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid13372804  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid10890172\charrsid13372804 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10890172 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 7}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390 Having referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid13051390\charrsid3961723 Pluckwell v Wilson}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390  (1832, 5C & P375, 172 ER. 1016 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid13051390\charrsid3961723 Khan v. The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13051390  Criminal Appeal No. 1 of 1994 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942 where}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390  Alderson J \lquote s observation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942 in Pluckwell }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390 was cited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942  by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4064942\charrsid4064942  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942 Pathik J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390 , the Counsel for Appellant argues that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4064942 it was PW.1 who drove his vehicle without due care and attention and therefore PW1 should be held responsible not the Appellant.
\par 
\par 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942 .\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942\charrsid4064942 Pluckwell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942  (supra) Alderson J observed: 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8153457 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8153457 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid4064942\charrsid8153457 \'93 \'85
that the person was not bound to keep on the ordinary side of the road; but that, if he did not do so, he was bound to use more care and diligence, and keep a better lookout, that he might avoid any concussion, then would be requi
site if he were to confine himself to his proper side of the road. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4064942   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13051390 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8153457 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8153457 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 Counsel for Respondent concedes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 , PW1 might also be at fault since he was driving a container truck and he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 overtook }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 two vehicles in front of him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 
and he should have taken precaution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061  whilst }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 
overtaking}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981  However he quite rightly submits that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 the focus of this appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 should be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061  whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9645981 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 ppellant was careless when he entered into the main road from the feeder road. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775  is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 Appellant\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775  driving which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid794101 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775  on trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775 t was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775  who was on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775 ain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775\charrsid14434775 oad and had the right of way. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 
As stated by the learned Magistrate at paragraph 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8153457  of his judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid8153457 \'93The only disputed issue is whether the accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\insrsid8153457\charrsid8153457 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid8153457  manner of driving was without care and attention?\'94 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 20.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 The Counsel for Appellant argues that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645 earned Magistrate erred in law when he failed to establish the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6452645\charrsid3961723 R v Lawrence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645 
 [1981] RIR 217 by failing to take into consideration that the Appellant had always maintained due care and attention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 
\par 
\par 21.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid2514606\charrsid3961723 Lawrence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723  (supra)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 Lord Diplock formulated a standard direction to the jury based on reckless manslaughter in following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid9973518 terms;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12130996 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri855\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin855\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12130996 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid12130996 \'93
In my view, an appropriate instruction to the jury on what is meant by driving recklessly would be that they must be satisfied of two things:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid12130996 
\par First, that the defendant was in fact driving the vehicle in such a manner as to create an obvious and serious risk of causing physical injury to some other person who might happen to be using the road or of doing substantial damage to property; and

\par 
\par Second, that in driving in that manner the defendant did so without having given any thought to be possibility of there being any such risk or, having recognized that there was some risk involved, had nonetheless gone on to take it.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid12130996\charrsid12130996 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid2514606 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645 The learned Magistrate adhered to the principle enunciated in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6452645\charrsid3961723 Lawrence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 (supra) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645\charrsid6452645 
to conclude that the Appellant had not always maintained due care and attention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6452645  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 The learned Magistrate }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 summarized the evidence of each witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8285917 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 
 and having properly analyzed the same, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8285917 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 
given a well-considered judgment setting out the facts, and drawing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 reasonable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 conclusions from }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 the facts proved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 before f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 inding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 ppellant guilty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid1795785 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061  careless driving. H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 is Worship}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061  found that (at page 51 of Record \endash  paragraph 24):}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13854416\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 \tab 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6452645 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid1399276 \'93When considering all these evidence together I find the evidence that accused vehicle came onto the main road without stopping credible and believable. The said road where the accident occurred is a lo
ng and straight stretch. I doubt PW1 would have overtaken the vehicles in front of him had he seen accused vehicle coming from the opposite direction. I find on the evidence that accused failed to stop at the junction. I refuse to accept DW2\rquote 
s evidence tha
t he saw accused brake lights for 60 seconds before turning onto the main road. If accused had stopped at the junction for 60 seconds then certainly he would have seen the oncoming traffic including the truck driven by PW1 overtaking the other vehicles. A
s earlier mentioned it is a long straight road hence his vision of oncoming traffic would have been unhindered. I doubt accused evidence that he was driving for 10\endash 15 seconds on the main road before accident occurred\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85
\'85\'85It appears from the evidence that accused only slowed down at the junction and turned onto the main road.  He didn\rquote t stop.  Had accused stopped at the junction, he would have clearly seen PW1\rquote 
s vehicle already in the process of overtaking and would have then exercised due care and attention and waited until the truck had passed.\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1399276 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1399276 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1399276 The learned Magistrate accepted the evidence of the Prosecution and rejected that of the Defence. His Worship\rquote 
s finding is available on evidence and hence justified. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1399276 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 
\tab The Appellant (DW.1) in his evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 completely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723  denied driving the vehicle without due care and attention. He }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 tated that he stopped his vehicle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955  for 60 second }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 at the junction of Wairuku and singled to turn towards }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 akirak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6715343 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955  before turning into the main road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 He also stated that he watched towards his left and right and only moved his vehicle after the road was clear. He also said that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955\charrsid9242955 he was driving for 10
\endash 15 seconds on the main road before accident occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 .
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3961723  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1399276 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 .\tab The Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8986926 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 s evidence is not plausible and also not supported by other evidence led in trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257\charrsid9242955 If }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257 he}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257\charrsid9242955  had stopped at the junction for 60 seconds }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 and watched the road carefully, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid401257\charrsid9242955 then certainly he would have seen the oncoming traffic including the truck driven by PW1 overtaking the other vehicles.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 According to the sketch plan and other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257  witness accounts, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955\charrsid9242955 t is a long straight 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257 stretch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955\charrsid9242955  hence his vision of oncoming traffic would have been unhindered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  if he watched the road carefully}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955\charrsid9242955 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid401257 Since there was a grown }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8986926 up }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257 sugar cane }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 field }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257 beside the feeder road towards the side he was turning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455  into}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid401257 
, he was expected to take extra precaution to watch the road before entering the main road. PW1 cannot be blamed for his failure to notice Appellant\rquote s vehicle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 
because he was already driving in the main road.
\par 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11758521 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 Appellant\rquote s evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960\charrsid3420960 that he was driving for 10\endash 15 seconds on the main road before accident occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  is not supported by the sketch plan prepared by police. According to this plan, the point of impact is located right in front of the feeder road from where the Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid11758521  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 emerged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11758521 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  
\par  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9242955 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 .\tab The Defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 called DW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 
2 to support the version of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid11758521 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 before entering the main road,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845\charrsid4014845  he had stopped }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 his vehicle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845\charrsid4014845 for 60 seconds at the junction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 . DW2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 said that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 he went }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 
inside the house }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 soon after the Appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 left }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4014845 and come out again only when he heard the bang. It is implausible that this witness }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877  seen from the distance he was in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8285917 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 recollect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 
 insignificant things like the ones he testified about such as if b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 rake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172  lights }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 were on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid12129172 and single lights were blinking }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 in the vehicle driven by the Appellant. DW2 admitted that he is 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 brother-in- law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729  of the Appellant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729  was home when the police }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 team }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 arrived at the scene. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 here is no evidence that he had come forward to give a statement to police}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623  to say what he said in court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729 e Appellan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729  had never }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 told}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729  that his son was also in the Hilux when the incident occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8285917 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 W2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 \rquote s evidence is inconsistent and implausible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 He is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid13853623 
inevitably }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8986926 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 interested witness for Defence.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8986926 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6759291 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6759291 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 DW3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6759291 had seen PW1\lquote s vehicle over speeding from his side mirror. According to him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6759291  PW1 had crossed a double line in the process of overtaking and had tried to overtake not two but six vehicles. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 
DW3 had also told that the overtaking took place at a bend. DW3 \lquote s evidence is not consistent with other evidence led in trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid8285917 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 W3 is a friend of the Appellant and had come forward to support his friend. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6759291  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 
\par 
\par 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 .\tab DW4 is a sister-in-law of the Appellant and not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 an }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 independent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877  witness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16667493 . She was called to show that PW1 was in a
 hurry to go to Ba.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877  Her version was never put to the PW1 when he was under cross examination. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 
Her evidence did not shake the Prosecution\rquote s version of events.  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 For these reasons, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 I find that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 rejection of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 Defence evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid15232735  by the learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 agistrate is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 
rational and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid15232735 justified.    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid1597729   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid3420960 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid661926 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9708754 .
\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 The learned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926 Counsel for Appellant has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 
 referred the Court to the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid661926\charrsid6097877 Prasad v  The State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 
 [1995] FJHC 65; Haa0026j.94b (30 March 1995)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 . In that case Pathik J had cited cases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926 where a similar factual situation arose. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid661926\charrsid14434775 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6715343 alker}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid661926\charrsid14434775  v T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6715343 olhurst}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 
 (1976 Q.B.D. RTR. p. 513) the vehicle at fault was to turn to left from a side road bumped a cyclist on the main road}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 The Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 
held that "whether or not due care had been exercised was a subjective matter and the question for decision was whether the driver did or did not exercise due care". L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 ord}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926  W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 idgery }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid661926 C.J. there said at p.515 that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14434775 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid14434775 "..... I think that we must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid12862473\charrsid14434775 recognize}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid661926\charrsid14434775 
 that, in general, if a car is seeking to emerge from a side turning into a main road and the driver fails to see 
a cyclist who is approaching him on his own side of the road, that must more often than not amount to a failure to show due care and attention, but not always."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid661926 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9007455 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid14434775 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9007455 
After giving a careful consideration to the evidence led in trial, I have come to the conclusion that this is not one of those cases in which the appellate court could or should interfere.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9007455 In this regard I also refer to what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9973518 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6715343\charrsid9973518 ord}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9973518  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6715343\charrsid9973518 hankerton}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9973518  said in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid9007455\charrsid6097877  W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6715343 att}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid9007455\charrsid6097877  (or T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6715343 homas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid9007455\charrsid6097877 ) v T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f39\fs24\ul\insrsid6715343 homas}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9007455  1947 1 AER 582 at 587 which reads:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9007455 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9007455 `\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9007455 
"I. Where a question of fact has been tried by a judge without a jury and there is no question of misdirection of himself by the judge, an appellate court which is disposed to come to a different conclusion on the printed evidence should not do so unless 
it is satisfied that any advantage enjoyed by the trial judge by reason of having seen and heard the witnesses could not be sufficient to explain or justify the trial judge's conclusion.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9007455 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f39\fs24\insrsid9007455\charrsid9007455 
II. The appellate court may take the view that, without having seen or heard the witnesses, it is not in a position to come to any satisfactory conclusion on the printed evidence.
\par III. The appellate court, either because the reasons given by the trial judg
e are not satisfactory, or because it unmistakably so appears from the evidence, may be satisfied that he has not taken proper advantage of his having seen and heard the witnesses, and the matter will then become at large for the appellate court. It is ob
vious that the value and importance of having seen and heard the witnesses will vary according to the class of case, and, it may be, the individual case in question."
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5668329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 3}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 From the learned Magistrate\rquote s judgment it is quite clear that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f39\fs24\insrsid6097877 His Warship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 had taken into account all the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 facts and circumstances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061  that should have exercised his mind before arriving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 at his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532\charrsid347061 
 conclusion. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836\charrsid6182836 All the evidence taken as a whole clearly and unmistakably shows that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836 Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836\charrsid6182836  coming from the feeder road had put on to the main road wi
thout proper lookout or with insufficient lookout or with the misjudgment and as a result collided with a vehicle going on the main road. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid4924532 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6182836 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid10691219 4}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836 .\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836\charrsid6182836 
he evidence on which the trial Magistrate relied was sufficient to justify the conclusion which he reached}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 . I affirm the Judgment of the learned Magistrate at Rakiraki
\par 
\par 35.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836\charrsid6182836  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid9973518 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid6182836\charrsid6182836 
he appeal is accordingly dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid5668329 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7865303 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid16409632 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f39\fs24\insrsid7865303 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7287590\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f31506\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 Aruna Aluthge
\par Judge
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7287590\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7287590\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid16409632 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 At Lautoka
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid8406662 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\super\insrsid8406662\charrsid8406662 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid8406662  May, 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 Solicitors:   \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590 MIQ Lawyers for Appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3690565\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502                  \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f39\fs24\insrsid7287590\charrsid483502 Office of the Director of Public Prosecution for Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f39\fs24\insrsid7865303\charrsid3690565 
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