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\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. HAA 027 OF 2011
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 KELEMEDI NATARAKU}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Appellant
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 STATE
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\par Mr S. Qica for the State
\par Appellant in Person
\par 
\par Date of Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 15th September, 2011
\par Date of Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 26th September 2011
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 On the 22nd July 2011 in the Magistrate}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s Court at Nadi the appellant entered a plea of guilty to one charge of burglary, contrary to Section 312(1) of the Crimes Decree, 2009.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 He was sentenced on the same day to twenty four months imprisonment with a minimum to be served before parole of nine months.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 It is against this sentence that the appellant now appeals.
\par 
\par [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The brief facts admitted by the appellant below were that on the 15th
 July 2011 at about 8.30am, he broke into and entered a bulk house belonging to one Mohammed Kalil, with intent to steal.
\par 
\par [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 From a starting point of three years, the learned Magistrate deducted 12 mon
ths for the guilty plea, increasing the total by four months for aggravating features and deducting four months for mitigating features arriving at the total sentence of twenty four months.
\par 
\par [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The aggravating features of this case were said by the Magistrate to be }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 invasion of the complainant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s bulk house when he}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s not at home}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
; mitigating features were said to be the early guilty plea, a wife expecting a baby and an apology with a promise not to re-offend.
\par 
\par [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The promise not to re-offend rings a little
 hollow in considering that the appellant has 28 previous convictions, and it is not surprising that the Magistrate did not allow for that point of mitigation in his sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The guilty plea at first opportunity was afforded a discount of one third of the starting point which is proper.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Family circumstances (in this case pregnant wife) do not in the normal course of events deserve credit.
\par 
\par [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The appellant complains that the additional time added for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 invasion of the complainant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s bulk house when he is not at home}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688  is inappropriate, given that the offence in itself is an invasion of another}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s property.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The Court agrees; this
 cannot be said to be an aggravating feature.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The very offence of burglary is an invasion of another}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 s property and it is irrelevant to the offence whether the owner was at home or not.
\par 
\par [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Sentences for burglary under the Crimes Decree 2009 mirror 
sentences for burglary and breaking and entering which applied under the Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 As this Court said in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Kamikamica}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688  HAC 156 of 2010, the tariffs set under the Penal Code of 18 months to three years are still apposite (see }
{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Buliruarua}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 2010 FJHC 384 and }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Turuturuvesi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 HAA 86/02).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The Magistrate was therefore quite entitled to pass the sentence that he did, it being well within the accepted tariff.
\par 
\par [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 It is of some concern that four months were added to the sentence for an aggravating feature which was inappropriate.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Credit must be given to the appellant for this inconsistency and therefore the four months should be deducted from the sentence.
\par 
\par [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The appeal succeeds to that extent; the sentence of twenty four months is quashed and a new sentence of twenty months imposed.
\par 
\par [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 The appellant submits that the minimum term of nine months is manifestly excessive.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688 
 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Minimum terms are set by the Courts when sentencing to ensure that the convict serves a large part of his sentence before being released into the community and it is for that
 reason that minimum terms are usually set at about 66% of the total sentence, or even more in serious cases.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
It could never be said that nine months minimum on a twenty four month, or even twenty month, sentence is excessive.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
Because this Court is not sentencing the appellant, it is unable to declare the appellant an habitual offender which he plainly is, and
 whilst the Court cannot sentence on the basis of an existing bad record, it does have protection of the community in mind and to that end will increase the minimum period to be served before the appellant is eligible for parole to twelve months.
\par 
\par [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Sentence is twenty months.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Minimum term is twelve months.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11679688 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 Paul K. Madigan
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 JUDGE
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 At Lautoka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11679688\charrsid11679688 
\par 26 September 2011
\par }}