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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 1.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 JOSUA NASIGAYA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 First Appellant
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 2.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 ISEI TURAGAKULA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Second Appellant
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Respondent
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\par Appellants in Person
\par Mr. S. Qica for the State
\par 
\par Date of Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 06 & 14 July 2011 and 02 August 2011
\par Date of Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 10 August 2011
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 JUDGMENT
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 [}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Appeal: Escape]
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 _______________________________}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Both appellants were charged in the Lautoka Magistrates Court on the 20
th August 2010 with damaging property contrary to section 369(1) of the Crimes Decree No. 44 of 2009 and escape from lawful custody contrary to section 196 of that Decree.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The first appellant pleaded guilty on the 20th August 2010, whilst the second appellant pleaded guilty on the 28th September 2010.
\par 
\par [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Both were sentenced on the 2nd November 2010 to ten months}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  imprisonment for damaging property and eight months}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  concurrently for escape.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 This term of ten months imprisonment was made consecutive to the long terms that each appellant is presently serving.
\par 
\par [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Each of the appellants is appealing against sentence only; each appellant praying that \endash 
\par 
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The discount for plea of guilty was insufficient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
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\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The fact that neither committed crime while at large was not considered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 No regard was had to the long sentence for each appellant is already serving.
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\par [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The facts are that on the 23rd May 2010 both appellants were serving prisoners at Natabua Prison.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 At about 3.45am they cut the cell block windows and bars of their dormitory and climbed over 
the fence after covering the barbed wire with a mattress, thereby escaping.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Both of these appellants surrendered themselves the next day.

\par 
\par [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Damaging property carries a maximum term of two years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  imprisonment and escaping from lawful custody carries the same maximum term (two years).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 There is no }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 tariff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  laid down for damaging property and various sentences have been handed down ranging from six months to eighteen months.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The learned Magistrate took a starting point of nine months for the damage and seven months for the escape.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 He added five months for aggravating features which he considered to be:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Damage to the prison cell block.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Disregard for law and order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Reasons given for escaping (i.e. that they had been sentenced to a long term for robbery with violence).
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par He deducted three months for mitigation which he found to be remorse and an apology to the Court and then a further one month for the early guilty plea.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 In this way he arrived at the final sentence of ten months and eight months respectively.
\par 
\par [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Sentences of six to eighteen months have been passed for damage and there is no reason not to set this band as the t
ariff for the offence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
In assessing a starting point the Court would have regard for example to the value of the property damaged, the difficulty in restoring the property to its original condition, and to the value to the owner apart from financial considerations.
\par 
\par [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
The accepted tariff range for escape from lawful custody is between six and twelve months and sentences in the upper part of this band are reserved for repeated escapers.
\par 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Analysis
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 With the greatest respect to an otherwise very careful
 and thoughtful Magistrate, this sentence was misconceived; the principal offence being dealt with in this case being escape, not damage.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
An appropriate sentence for escape should be cast first allowing for aggravating and mitigating features, and }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 then}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  th
e ancillary offence of damage to property in the course of the escape can be dealt with.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
Damage to property can never be an aggravating feature to escape when the offence of damage is actually charged at the same time.
\par 
\par 
\par [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Both applicants are repeated escapers and an appropriate starting point would be twelve months imprisonment.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Although escaping shows contempt for authority, that feature is inherent in the sentence passed and can not be an aggravating feature.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 There is real remorse shown however and it would be appropriate to reduce the sentence to ten months}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  to reflect that remorse.
\par 
\par [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
A plea of guilty was entered at an early stage and credit must be given for that, however it is inevitable that all escapers would plead guilty after their escape and recapture had been noted in the national media.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 The sentence should be reduced to one of eight months in recognition of the guilty pleas.
\par 
\par [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Damage to the prison cell windows in the course of escape must attract a concurrent sentence and an appropr
iate sentence would be one of six months.
\par 
\par [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 I therefore quash the sentences passed below on each of these appellants and enter new sentences of}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Escape \endash  8 months.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5773949 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Damage to property \endash  6 months concurrent.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Pursuant to section 22(2)(b) of the Sentencing and Penalties Decree 2009, these sentences }{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 must}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949  be served consecutively to any sentence each is presently serving.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 It only makes sense that an escape sentence should be made consecutive to any other sentence the escapee is serving.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Otherwise every prisoner would be encouraged to escape, knowing that he would suffer no additional penalty to what he is already serving.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 Paul K. Madigan
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 JUDGE}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5773949 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5773949\charrsid5773949 At Lautoka
\par 10 August 2011
\par }}