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)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 \f56\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 AT SUVA \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 CRIMINAL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 Crim. App. Nos: HAA 07/10 & HAA 012/10 \par HAM 02/10 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 Between: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 ILAITIA SOKIA \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 Appellant \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 And: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 THE STATE \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 Respondent \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934\charrsid13855934 Hearing}{\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 : }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8783114 12th}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 March 2010 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934\charrsid13855934 Judgment}{\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 : }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8783114 23rd}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 March 2010 \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934\charrsid13855934 Counsel}{\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 : }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Appellant in person \par Mr. W. Tabuya for State \par \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8783114 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [1] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The appellant appeals against a total sentence of nine years imprisonment imposed on him after he pleaded guilty in the Magistrates\rquote Court in two separate files. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [2] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 In Case No. 1328/09, he was sentenced as follows: \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 Count 1: }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Office Breaking Entering and Larceny \endash 1 year imprisonment. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 Count 2: }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Office Breaking Entering and Larceny \endash 2 years imprisonment. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 Count 3: }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Office Breaking Entering and Larceny \endash 3 years imprisonment. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [3] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The sentences were ordered to be served consecutively, making a total sentence of 6 years imprisonment. The facts in this case were that he together with others broke into three different rooms within the same premises of a school and stole a range of electronic and sporting equipments to a to tal value of more than $3000.00. None of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid13320688 the stolen item was recovered.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321 \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13320688\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [4] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The three co-accused persons who also pleaded guilty, the sentences were suspended due to their young age and previous good character. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [5] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 After imposing the imprisonment sentence s, the learned Magistrate, for reasons not recorded, discharged the offenders under section 44 of the Penal Code. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [6] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 In Case No. 1334/09, the appellant was sentenced to 3 years imprisonment for shop breaking entering and larceny to a total value of $5963 .00, to be served consecutively with the total sentence of 6 years imprisonment imposed in the earlier case. Only two mobile phones were recovered. His co-accused was sentenced to a suspended term of imprisonment due to his young age and previous good ch aracter. The offenders were also discharged in this case for reasons not recorded. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [7] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The total sentence that was imposed on the appellant was 9 years imprisonment, while his co-offenders received suspended sentences. The app ellant had been in custody for a month before the sentence was imposed but this was not taken into account. The appellant quite correctly points out that the time spent in custody should have been taken into account. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [8] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The appellant had three previous convictions. One was for robbery with violence for which he was sentenced to a suspended term of imprisonment in 2005. He committed the offences shortly after he had served his suspended sentence. He therefore was not entitled to any reduction in sentenc e for previous good character. The only compelling mitigating factor was his guilty pleas. In mitigation, he said he was 24 years old and unemployed. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [9] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The tariff for breaking and entering offences is between 18 months to 3 years imprisonment. Terms a t the lower end of the tariff are reserved for petty offences, offenders who play only a marginal role and for young offenders. Suspension of sentences should only be considered for the young first offender. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [10] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 These guidelines are well established in }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Tomasi Turuturuvesi v. State}{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Criminal Appeal HAA 86/2002S, }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Mesake Ratabua v. State}{ \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Criminal Appeal HAA026 of 2004S}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 and }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Dravere Ledua v. State}{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Criminal Appeal HAA014 of 2002}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 . \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [11] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 When a court is sentencing an offender on a number of offences, the court sh ould impose a term of imprisonment for each offence within the established range. After imposing the individual sentences, the court should consider whether the sentences should be made concurrent or consecutive. When considering this issue, the court s hould bear in mind the totality principle, that is, whether the fact of accumulation will have a crushing effect on the offender and take away any prospect of reform. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [12] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The court may order the sentences to be served consecutively if satisfied that the overall sentence, including the fact of accumulation, properly reflects the totality of the criminality involved }{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 (}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Pauliasi Bote v. The State}{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Criminal Appeal No. AAU0011 of 2005)}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 . \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [13] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 In the present case, the learned Magistrate did not direct her mind to a ny of these principles, thereby constituting an error of law, justifying this Court\rquote s intervention to quash the sentences imposed on the appellant in the Magistrates\rquote Court. I sentence the appellant }{ \i\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 de novo}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 . \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [14] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 For each offence of breaking entering and larceny, I pick 2 years as my starting point. The offences were planned and committed in a group. The victims\rquote premises were damaged in the course of the offences. Substantial stolen items have not been recovered. No attempt has been made to compensate the victims for the loss they have suffered. These are the aggravating factors. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [15] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The only compelling mitigating factor is the early guilty pleas of the appellant. Also, he had spent a month in custody before he was sentenced. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [16] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 After adjusting for these factors, I sentence the appellant to two years imprisonment for each offence of breaking entering and larceny. I do not think the sentence should be suspended. The appellant is not a young first offender. However, I consider it would be approp riate to order the sentences to be served concurrently in hope that the appellant will reform himself. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [17]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 For each offence of breaking entering and larceny, the appellant is sentenced to 2 years imprisonment, to be served concurrently effective from 3 November 2009. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13320688 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13855934 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [18] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The discharge order made by the learned Magistrate is clearly erroneous. Once an offender is sentenced to an imprisonment sentence, he could not be discharged under section 44 of the Penal Code. The discharge order is quashed. \par }\pard \s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8783114 {\f0\fs24\insrsid13855934 [19] }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 The appeal against sentence is allowed. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 Daniel Goundar \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 JUDGE}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10497915 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13855934 At Suva \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15670579 23rd}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 March 2010 \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 Solicitors:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1198321\charrsid13320688 \par Appellant in person \par Office of the DPP for State \par }}