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\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 APPELLATE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369  JURISDICTION
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 CIVIL APPEAL NO. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369  OF 2009
\par (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 From Civil }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 Action No. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 414}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369  of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 2007 and Bankruptcy 45 of 2008}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 )
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 BETWEEN}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 :}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 KIRPA NAND}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 APPELLANT
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \qc \fi-1440\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369\charrsid7020369 AND}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 :}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 FAMOUS PACIFIC SHIPPING
\par (NZ) LIMITED}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 RESPONDENT
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\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 Mr S }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 Kumar}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369  for the Appellant
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid7020369 Ms }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 R Naidu}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid7020369  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1723646\charrsid7020369 for the}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid7020369 Respondent}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 DECISION}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 By motion dated 14 November 2009 the Appellant seeks the following orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid7020369 :
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 (A)\tab That leave be granted to appeal out of time the ruling of his Worship Mr Ajmal Gulab 
Khan of 15 September 2008 refusing to set aside default judgment in Civil Action No. 414 of 2007.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 
\par (B)\tab That an order for a stay of the ruling of his Worship Mr Ajmal Gulab Khan of 15 September 2008 refusing to set aside default judgment in Civil Case No. 414 of 2007.
\par 
\par (}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13895618\charrsid7020369 C}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 )\tab That an order for a stay of the receiving order made by her Worship Ms Mary L Muir dated 28 August 2009 in }
{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8083029\charrsid7020369 B}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 ankruptcy Action 45 of 2008 pending the Appeal against that filed in lower court.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 In support of the application the Appellant filed an affidavit sworn by himself on 16 November 2009.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 The application was opposed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 
The Respondent filed an affidavit sworn by Shalini Savitri Pratap on 18 February 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 
The deponent is the Sales and Marketing Manager of the Respondent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 The Appellant 
filed a brief reply affidavit sworn by himself on 30 March 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 On 25 March 2008 a default judgment was entered against the Appellant in the Magistrates Court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 at}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369  Suva in Action No. 414 of 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1837364\charrsid7020369 
Judgment was for the amount of $15,072.80 together with interest at the rate of 2.5% per month from 28 February 20}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11747842\charrsid7020369 07.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11747842\charrsid7020369 The Appellant had failed to serve a Notice of Intention to Defend within the time prescribed by the Rules }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 which had}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11747842\charrsid7020369  subsequently }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 been }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11747842\charrsid7020369 extended by the court.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11747842\charrsid7020369 When the matter was called in court on 25 March 2008, there was no appearance by or on behalf of the Appellant.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 A copy of the judgment was served on the Appellant on 23 April 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 A Bankruptcy Notice seeking payment of $15,072.80 was issued on 18 June 2008 and served on the Appellant on 20 June 2008}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 .

\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 By motion dated 9 July 2008 the Appellant applied to the Magistrates for an order that the default judgment be set aside.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 In a written Ruling dated 15 September 2008 the Magistrates Court (per Resident Magistrate Ajmal Gulab Khan) dismissed th
e application to set aside default judgment and ordered the Appellant to pay costs of $300}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 In his Ruling the learned Magistrate found that the default judgment had been entered regularly.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 He noted that the application to set aside was made some three months after the entry of the default judgment and appeared to have been }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 promp}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 ted by the Bankruptcy Notice, not as a result of the timely service of the Default Judgment.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 His Worship found that there was no satisfactory explanation}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 s either}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369  for the failure to serve the required Notice, for failing to appear on the date fixed or for the delay in applying to have the default judgment set aside}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 learned Magistrate took the view that the proposed Defence did not reveal any material that would provide the Defendant with a realistic prospect of defending the claim.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 The debt was not in dispute, only the quantum.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 The Defendant had not paid}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369  at that time}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369  any }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 part }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13003204\charrsid7020369 of the alleged debt to the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 Respondent}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 So far as prejudice was concerned, the Magistrate considered 
that the prejudice to the Respondent in being denied any payment of a debt that was in part admitted if leave was granted outweighed any prejudice to the Appellant if leave was not granted}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid7020369 .}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 The grounds on which the Appellant proposes to appeal are set out in a Draft Grounds of Appeal annexed to the affidavit of Kirpa Nand sworn on 16 November 2009 and are as follows:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 1.\tab That the learned trial magistrate erred in law and in fact by failing to apply }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 the}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369  proper principles of law to set aside the default judgment.
\par 
\par 2.\tab That the learned trial magistrate erred in law and in fact in determining the entire case on affidavit evidence when the procedure in the Magistrate}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 s Court is trial in summary manner.
\par 
\par 3.\tab That the learned trial magistrate erred in law and in fact in denying the Defendant/Appellant the rules of the Natural Justice by completely shutting him out from defending his case.
\par 
\par 4.\tab That the Appellant/Defendant seeks to file further grounds of appeal upon receipt of the Magistrate}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 s notes.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12604761\charrsid7020369 
\par It would appear that the Draft grounds document is also intended to serve as the draft notice of intention to appeal.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 Under Order XXXVII of the Magistrates}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
 Courts Rules, an Appellant should give notice of intention to appeal either by giving notice verbally to the cou
rt in the presence of the opposite party immediately after judgment is announced, or within 7 days by notice in writing served on the court and the Respondent (Rule 1).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 The grounds of appeal are to be filed in court and served on the Defendant within 1 month of the decision (Rule 3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 The decision which the Appellant seeks to appeal was dated 15 September 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 The hearing took place on 10 September 2008. The Notice of Intention to appeal should have been filed and served by 22 September 2008 and the grounds of appeal by 15 October 2008.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 The Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
s motion dated 14 November 2009 seeks leave to appeal out of time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
In the absence of any material to indicate that a notice of intention to appeal has been filed and served, I shall regard the motion as an 
application for leave to file and serve a notice of intention to appeal out of time and as an application for leave to file and serve grounds of appeal out of time}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid7020369 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 The application is made pursuant to Order XXXVII Rule 4 which states:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 On the Appellant f
ailing to file the grounds of appeal within the prescribed time, he shall be deemed to have abandoned the appeal, unless the court below or the appellate court shall see fit to extend the time}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3959484\charrsid7020369 The Appellant has elected to seek enlargement of time from the Appellate Court, the High court, rather then from the court below, the Magistrates}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3959484\charrsid7020369  Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3959484\charrsid7020369 
The rule clearly permits the application for enlargement in civil appeals to be made direct to the High Court upon the Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3959484\charrsid7020369 s election.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13837516\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3959484\charrsid7020369 However, the rule refers only to extending time for the filing of grounds of appeal and does not }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 
deal with extensions for appeals where no notice of intention to appeal has been given.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 
It may be that section 39 of the Magistrates Court Act, in an appropriate case provides the necessary jurisdiction for this Court to entertain a civil appeal from the Magistrates}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369  Court notwithstanding that no notice of intention to appeal has been given, filed or served.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 (See }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 Loks Crane and Contractors Limited \endash v- Clutch Systems (Fiji) Limited}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369  unreported Civil Appeal 31 of 1999 Lautoka delivered 17 July 2002 per Gates J (as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 he }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 then was))}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 Section 39 states:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 Notwithstanding anything hereinbefore contained, the High Court may en}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 tertain any appeal from a magistrates}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369  court on any terms which
 it thinks just}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6634203\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 In determining whether it should exercise its discretion to allow the Appellant to file and serve a Notice of intention to appeal out of time, the court considers four matters.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 They are (a) the length of the delay, (b) the reasons for 
the delay, (c) the merits of the proposed defence and (d) any prejudice likely to result to the Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 The words used in the legislation give the court an unfettered discretion which has to be exercised judicially taking into account established principles.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 
The burden rests with the Appellant to satisfy the court that, in the circumstances, the justice of the case requires that it be given an opportunity to challenge the Ruling of the Resident Magistrate}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6361475\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 Dealing first with the length of the delay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 
In this case, the delay from the date of the decision to the date of the application is very substantial, in fact some fourteen months.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 
The question for the court is what are the consequences for the Appellant of such a substantial delay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 The position 
was discussed by Lord Donaldson MR in }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 Norwich and Peterborough Building Society v. Steed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 
 [1991] 2 All ER 880 at page 885:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 Once the time for appealing has elapsed, the respondent who was successful in the court below is entitled to regard the judgment i
n his favour as being final.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 
If he is to be deprived of this entitlement, it can only be on the basis of a discretionary balancing exercise, however blameless may be the delay on the part of the would-be appellant.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 \'85}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 In Palata Investments Ltd v. Burt and Sinfield Ltd [1985] 2 All ER 517 the delay was only three days and it was fully explained.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 In such circumstances the balancing exercise would be unlikely to come down on the side of refusing an extension of time, but in an extreme case of lack of merit it could do so. \'85.

\par 
\par \'85. In Palata}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 s case the delay was as short as could be and was wholly excusable.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 The merits therefore played little part.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 In Rawashdeh \endash v- Lane (1988) 40 EG 100 the delay was very much longer \endash  it was six weeks in fact \endash  and was not wholly excusable.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5840681\charrsid7020369 Much more merit was required to overcome it}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid7020369 .}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 In the present case involving as it does a delay of about 14 months, it would seem to me that the Appellant is required to demonstrate that the merits of his appeal are sufficient to overc
ome the delay }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 which}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369  to a very large extent will need to be at least partially excusable}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 Turning then to the reasons for the delay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 
The reason or reasons for the delay should initially be set out in the affidavit in support of the application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 In paragr
aph 12 of his affidavit, the Appellant stated that the motion seeking to have the default judgment set aside was refused }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 by}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 
 the Magistrates Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 There were no dates referred to in that paragraph.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 In paragraph 14 the Appellant }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 stated}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369  that he then change
d his solicitors and obtained fresh legal advice from Messrs Sunil Kumar who explained to him that he should pay the sum admitted to the Plaintiff and that in relation to the amount in dispute there would be a hearing}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 In paragraph 15 the Appellant states that Sunil }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 Kumar}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 
 then started }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 appearing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369  for him in Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 In paragraph 16 he states that on the advice of his new counsel he paid two cheques which came to a total of $5000 to the Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 s solicitors.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 The dates on the two cheques were 3 November 20
08 and 27 December 2008}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 There is no information as to when the Appellant engaged the new law firm or when Sunil Kumar started appearing in court for the Appellant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 This is the only information in the affidavit that would explain the delay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 There are no
 dates referred to and there is no material in the affidavit to explain why this application which is dated 14 November and filed in the court on 16 November 2009 sought leave to appeal out of time a decision that was dated 15 September 2008}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 . 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 The explanation offered by Counsel during the course of his submissions was that the material before the court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 indicated}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369  that the Appellant was more concerned about dealing with the Bankruptcy notice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 It seems to me that in doing so the Appellant has proceeded in the wrong order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202943\charrsid7020369 The difficulty faced by the Appellant in proceeding the way in which}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9047339\charrsid7020369  he did was noted by Resident Magistrate Muir in her }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 Ruling}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9047339\charrsid7020369  dated 28 August 2009 on the hearing of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 Bankruptcy}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9047339\charrsid7020369  Petition filed by the Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 
 and opposed by the Appellant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 In paragraphs 14 to 18 the learned Magistrate stated:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 [14]\tab 
The Judgment Debtor has admitted that his application to set aside the Default Judgment was dismissed and that there is no appeal pending.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 
\par [15]\tab Counsel for the Judgment Debtor has informed
 the Court that the time for filing appeal has expired and that the Judgment Debtor is barred from appealing out of time as he did not give Notice of Intention to Appeal within 7 days of the Default Judgment as required by Order XXXVII rule 1 of the Magis
trates Courts Rules.
\par 
\par [16]\tab Counsel for the Judgment Debtor has also conceded that the time to appeal the Order dismissing the Debtor}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 
s application to set aside default judgment has also expired.
\par 
\par [17]\tab There is no order for stay of execution of the Default Judgment.
\par 
\par [18]\tab It is inescapable that the Default Judgment is final and executable.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 To the extent that the Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 s predicament was }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 result of advice given by his Solicitors, the following comments made by the Court of Appeal in }{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369 Vimal Construction and Joinery Works Ltd \endash v- Vinod Patel and Company Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4064162\charrsid7020369  (unreported Civil appeal No. 93 of 2006}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14892697\charrsid7020369  delivered on 15 April 2008) at paragraph 15}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369  are worth noting}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14892697\charrsid7020369 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14892697\charrsid7020369 \'85 in 2008 litigants should not assume that leave will be given to bring or maintain appeals or oth
er applications where those appeals or applications are out of time unless there are clear and cogent reasons for doing so.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14892697\charrsid7020369 
A contention as to incomp}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369 etence }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 
of legal advisers will rarely be sufficient and, where it is, evidence in the nature of flagrant or serious incompetence }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369 (R v Birks [1990] NSWLR 677) is required}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369 Has the Appellant shown clear and cogent reasons which would justify m}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7360281\charrsid7020369 y}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369  granting the application?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11805030\charrsid7020369 As I }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 have already stated, the reason appears to be that the Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 
s legal practitioner sought to challenge the petition rather than pursue the Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 s appeal in accordance with the Rules}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid7020369 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 
I do not consider that the affidavit material or the assertion from the bar table constitute clear and cogent reasons.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 Although it is not necessary 
for me to consider in detail the merits of the proposed appeal in an application such as the present, it is nevertheless appropriate to assess the grounds with a view to deciding whether or not any of them are likely to succeed if time were to be extended
.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 I have carefully considered the Ruling of the Resident Magistrate dismissing the Appellant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 s application to have the default judgment set aside.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12271087\charrsid7020369 I am satisfied that the learned Magistrate has considered and correctly applied the relevant principles in }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 d
etermining the application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 I am therefore satisfied that the grounds of appeal would not succeed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 I am also satisfied that any appeal would prejudice the Respondent by putting it to unjustified expense and delay.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7020369  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 If the time for appealing were to be extended, the Respondent would have been denied the fruits of the judgment for well over two years}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid7020369 .
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 In all the circumstances I consider such a delay could not be justified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 
For the reasons which I have given I therefore dismiss the application for the orders sought and order the Appellant to pay the Respondents costs which I fix at $600.00 within 21 days from the date of this }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 ecision.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7020369 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 W D Calanchini
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 JUDGE
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14163299\charrsid7020369 2}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14373541\charrsid7020369 9 October}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid7020369  2010
\par 
\par At Suva
\par }}