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\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The accused-applicant,
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Nelson Johansen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (the applicant)\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
is alleged to have been involved in the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 commi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ssion of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ffence of }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Aggravated \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Robbe
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ry}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 p
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 un\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ishable under Sections 31\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (1)\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  (\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 b\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 )}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 of t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
he Crimes Decree No 44 of 2009 on 13.11.2010.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [3]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The applicant applies for bail pursua\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nt to an application made by him whilst o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 n remand\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [4\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
The legal basis has been founded \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on the common law principle of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 presumption of innocence before being found guilty and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 u\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
nder the provisions of the Bail Act with regard to the }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'85
\loch\f0  right \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be rele\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ased on bail\loch\af0\dbch\af37\hich\f0 \'85}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Learned counsel for the State invited the attention of court to the fact that the applicant \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 has \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 h\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ad \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ten
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  previous convictions for similar offences and that he had shown a criminal propensity\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  It was further submitted that\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  granting of bai
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 l would endanger public interest\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and affect the protection of community\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 It was also submitted that there was an instance of breaching a previous bail order in September, 2009 resulting in the forfeiture of the bond. Learned State Counsel further submitted\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 that the applicant had involved himself with the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  offence in this case whilst\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  a suspended term was in \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 operation\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  until 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 September\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2012.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [6\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
At the hearing before me on 0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 December\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , 2010, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
learned counsel appearing for the applicant\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  urged that he be rele\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ased on bail on strict conditions in view of the matters placed before court in 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 his application\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . The contents of the application focused \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 on the inconvenience\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  that he has got to suffer because of his detention in custody.
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Learned counsel\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  further submitted t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 hat \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 applicant 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 would not reoffend\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and that he has paid in terms of penalties for previous offences.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I have considered the contents of the application and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the counsel}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 plea at the hearing along with submissions of the learned State Counsel bearing
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  in mind the legal phraseology that an accused person has }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a right to be released on bail}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 and that }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
there is a presumption in favour of the granting of bail}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
 under Section 3 of the Bail Act. 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Section 3 conversely contains provisions whereby }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 interes\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ts of justice}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  have been declared as a necessary factor to be considered by court in affording }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the right to be released}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  to an accused person under the Act. Moreover, the presumption favouring the accused could be rebutted by a person opposing the grant o
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f bail by the criteria laid down in Section\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s 3(4) (a) and\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  18 (1) of the Act, which include the public interest and the protection of community. 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [9]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
While the scheme of the Act provides a basis for a person opposing bail to rebut the presumption favourin\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
g an accused-person under Section 18(1) read with section 3 (3) of the Act, I am of the view that court is also invested with power independent of such opposition by a party to consider issues concerning }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 interests of justice}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 public interest}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  under S\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ection 3(1) and Sections 19 (1) and 19 (2) of the Act.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Having taken into account the criteria laid down in the foregoing provisions, I conclude that:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af37\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13963296 {
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The likelihood of the applicant committing another offence/s whilst on bail in view of his \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 involvem
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ent in \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 similar case\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  before\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  is very high\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ;\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13963296 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af37\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13963296 {
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The circumstances, nature, seriousness of the offence are such that }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
'}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 interests of justice}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 public interests }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 override\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  the }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 right [of the app\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 licant] to be released on bail}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; and,
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13963296 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {
\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af37\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13963296 
\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Previous breach of bail make\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
s it uncertain that the applicant will appear in court to answer the charges.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13963296 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 11\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In coming to the above conclusions, I have not lost sight of the provisions of Section 19 (2) (b) with reference to the interests of the accused-person to which court shoul\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
d essentially pay due consideration \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 
in dealing with an application for bail. However, my consideration of the matters as set-out in Section 19 (2) (b) are outweighed by the demands of interests of justice and public interest as enumerated above.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  This co
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nclusion is justified when one considers the fact that the applicant who has had a previous criminal record has drawn the 2\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nd\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and the 3\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rd
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  suspects namely Robert Johansen\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , who appears to be his brother\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  and Gerard Muller also to the culture of crime in view
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  of the leniency shown by court on previous occasions.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [1\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Having considered all the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 circumstances\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , I hold that the applicant is not entitled to be released on bail. Application is accordingly disallowed and bail is refused.

\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13963296 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 PRIYANTHA NAWANA
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGE}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13963296 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 0\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .
\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0  12. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 201\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 0}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13963296\charrsid13963296 
\par }}