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\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 17 November 2010 \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Counsel:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ms S. Tagivakatini for State \par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Ms N. Nawasaitoga & Mr. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 S. Waqainabete for Accused \par \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid68428 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 SENTENCE \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid68428 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 1\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Mr. Murti, you appear for sentence having been convicted of 1 count of trafficking in persons and 7 counts of obtaining property by deception.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 } {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The maximum penalty for trafficking in persons is 12 years imprisonme\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nt, and for obtaining property by deception, the maximum penalty is 10 years imprisonment. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he charges arose from the same facts.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You and the seven victims are from India. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 met the victims in Delhi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 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}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They had limited command of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Hindi \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and English langua\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ges.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They were ordinary but genuine people.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 They desired to work overseas to improve their economic wellbeing. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 3\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In this sense the victims were vulnerable.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You took advantage of their vulnerability and convinced them that you could arrange work for th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 em in a farm in New Zealand.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You asked them for payme\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nts of fees for your service\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 but they insisted that they will only pay \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 you \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 upon sighting documents that they have been offered jobs in New Zealand.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You then showed them documents purporting to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 be emplo\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 yment offer letters from \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a company in New Zealand. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 4\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The documents were false.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The victims \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 w\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ere not offered any employment in New Zealand. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 5\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 B\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 y deception you dishonestly obtained substantial amount o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f money from each victim.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Three of them\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 paid you \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 150,000 Indian rupees each while four of them paid you NZ$4300.00 each.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You convinced them that there was no need to document the payments because you were travelling with them to New Zealand. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 6\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You had no intention of taking the victims to New Zealand\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You made \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 all \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the travel arrangements for them.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You book\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ed\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 them to travel to Fiji, a country that they never heard of.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You bought electronic tickets, which you gave them at the airport in India on the day of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 travel.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When they enquired where Nadi was, \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 you convinced them that Nadi was in New Zealand by saying they were taking a domestic flight from Nadi\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 7\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 When you arrived at Nadi International Airport you told the victims to lie to the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 i\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 mmigration \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 fficers that they were here for holidays.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You were \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 carrying substantial amount of New Zealand and US currencies in your hand carry bag.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You kept the money in six separate envelopes and you claimed that they were your money.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You told an immigration officer that you were assisting the victims with the Engl\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ish translation.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You told the immigration officer that you did not know the victims.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 8\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Your intention was to leave the victims in Fiji and return to India. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You were reckless as to whether the vic\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 tims were going to be exploited knowing that they had l \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 imited funds with them. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 9\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I turn now to consider what is the appropriate sentence for the offence of trafficking in persons and obtaining property by deception.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 use of \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 deception \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to obtain money from the victims \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 part of your arrangement to faci\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 litate their entry into Fiji. I therefore do not draw any distinction in your culpability as far as the two offences are concerned. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 10\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 As you have heard, there is no direct precedent to which I can turn for guidance as you are the first pe\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 rson in Fiji \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to be convicted of\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 trafficking in persons.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 There is some guidance to be obtained from overseas cases. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 11\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 A-G}{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s Reference (No. 6 of 2004)}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2004] ALL ER (D) 312}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the offender was involved in the illegal bringing of young girls into the United Kingdom \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and forcing them into prostitution.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 He was convicted of numerous offences including kidnapping, inciting to rape and assisting illegal entry and was sentenced to a total term of 10 years imprisonment.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On appeal, the English Court of Appeal considered the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sentence to be unduly lenient and increased it to 23 years imprisonment. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 12\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v Maka}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2005] EWCA Crim 3365}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the offender was convicted of 5 counts of trafficking women for sexual exploitation and \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 was \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 sentenced to a total sentence of 18 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 years impriso\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 nment.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he English Court o\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 f Appeal confirmed the sentence on appeal. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 13\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v Saini}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v Kalyan}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ; }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v Deo}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2004] EWCA Crim 1900}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 offenders\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 pleaded guilty to \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 conspiracy to facilitate illegal entry \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 into the United Kingdom. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The offenders made false do\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 cuments to facilitate the entry and in return the illegal migrants paid a fee of \'a3\loch\f0 \hich\f0 3000 and \'a3\loch\f0 8000 per person per passage. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The offenders\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 were sentenced for their individual roles in the conspiracy to 7\'bd\loch\f0 , 5 and 4 years imprisonment respectively. The maximum p\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 enalty for the offence was 10 years imprisonment. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 14\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 R v Feng Lin}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2001] NSWCCA 7; (2001) 119 A Crim R 194 (CA NSW), }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the offender received US$3,000 for three migrants to be smuggled into Australia on the container boat on which he was an officer.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 e sentencing judge had taken a starting point of 7 years impris\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 onment and reduced that to 4 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 years imprisonment for mitigating factors, including an early guilty plea.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 On appeal to the New South Wales Court of Appeal, the sentence was further reduced to th\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ree years imprisonment by majority decision. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 15\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Chechelnitski v R}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [2004] NZCA 208 (1 September 2004)}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , the offender pleaded guilty to three charges of people smuggling into New Zealand.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The offence carried a penalty of 20 years imprisonment.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The off\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ender was sentenced to 3\'bd \loch\f0 years imprisonment, which was upheld by the New Zealand Court of Appeal. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 16\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 consider\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 these \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 overseas authorities \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to be of limited assistance on the basis that the maximum penalties were different and the sentencing considerati\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ons and parole regimes were likely different too. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 17\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The overseas authorities\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 however demonstrate a common\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 principle \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 that \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a prison sentence should be imposed to deter the offender and others from committing this type of offences. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 18\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 T\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 he Crimes Decree\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 2009, which came into effect on 1 February 2010, creates a number of offences designed to fulfill Fiji}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s obligation under\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime and two of its three protocols, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (the Trafficking Protocol), and the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air (the Migrant Protocol). \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 19\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Although Fiji has not signed these internati\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 onal conventions\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 , by criminalizing\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 human trafficking and smuggling under \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 the \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 domestic law, Fiji has shown commitment \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to effectively address this\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 global problem. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 20\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Trafficking in persons is a human right issue. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Traffickers are motivated by greed to take advantage of vu\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 lnerable victims. Traffickers use \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 coercive tactics including deception, fraud, intimidation, isolation, threat and use of physical force, and/or debt bondage to control their victims.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The victims\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 are generally subjected to degrading forms of exploitation \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 such as \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 forced prostitution, domestic servitude and other kinds of work. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [21]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 However, I do not consider this \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 case \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to be the worst case of human trafficking. \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 The victims were only exposed to exploitation. They were not physically exploited. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 22\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I cons\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ider a term of 6 years imprisonment is an appropriate starting point for the offence of trafficking in person\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I use the same starting point for each count of obtaining property by deception. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 23\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 In mitigation your counsel said you are 62 years old and\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 a retired seaman.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You have no criminal history.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Your wife is sickly and your family members are financially depended on you.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You have been in custody since your arrival in Fiji on 10 September 2010. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 24\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Y\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ou facilitated entry of se\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ven men into Fiji by\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 deception. The men were not your relatives. They were strangers\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 . \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 You took substantial amounts of money from them\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Because of you the victims were detained in Fiji upon arrival.\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 These are the aggravating factors. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 25\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I increase your sentence by 2 years\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to reflect the aggravating factors and I reduce your sentence by 2 years to reflect your old age, family circumstances in India, previous good character and the remand period. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 26\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 F\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 or the offence of trafficking in persons \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 and for each offence of obtaini\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ng property by deception, I sentence you\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 to 6 years imprisonment.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I fix a non-parole period of 4 years imprisonment. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 27\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 ]}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 I order you serve all your sentences concurrently. \par \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid68428 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Daniel Goundar \par }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 JUDGE}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid68428 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 At Suva \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 17 November 2010 \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Solicitors:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid68428\charrsid68428 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Office of the\hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Director of Public Prosecutions for State \par \hich\af0\dbch\af37\loch\f0 Office of the Legal Aid Commission for Accused \par }}