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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 HIGH COURT CRIMINAL CASE NO: HAC 018 of 2008
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 BETWEEN:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PROSECUTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 AND:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 1.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 VILIAME ROGOSE TIRITIRI
\par 2.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 NAULU BALEILEVUKA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 ACCUSED-PERSONS
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid15666539 Counsel: Ms. E. WHIPPY, State Counsel-For State
\par Mr. I. KHAN -For Accused
\par 
\par Dates of Trial: 12th, 13th, 14th and 18th October, 2010
\par Date of Summing Up: 21st October, 2010
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 SUMMING UP
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Madam Assessors and Gentleman Assessor
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Evidence in this case has now come to an end. At its conclusion, the law requires me - as the Judge who p
resided over this trial - to sum-up the case to you on law and evidence. Each one of you will then be called-upon by me to deliver your separate opinion, which will in turn be recorded. As you listened to the evidence in this case, you must also listen to
 
my summing-up of the case very carefully and attentively as it enables you to form your individual opinion as to facts based on the evidence in accordance with the law with regard to the innocence or guilt of the accused-persons. Your individual opinion, 
please remember, carry a great weight and they will be considered by court in coming to the final decision of court. This tells how important your task is. 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 In my summing-up of the case to you, my directions on matters of law must be accepted as correct
 and you must act upon them. In other words, you are bound by my directions on law, because as I indicated in my introductory remarks at the commencement of the trial, I am the Judge who had to oversee that the trial is conducted according to law. I, as t
he Judge, also guide you on law for you to form your own independent opinion as to facts on the evidence in the case. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
In as much as I am the Judge on law, each one of you is also a Judge. Each one of you is a Judge on facts; and, please bear in mind th
at you and you alone are the sole judges of facts. Therefore, you yourself will have to decide on facts and such decision on facts cannot be made by anyone else other than each one of you; and, no one else can influence you in the making of your opinion. 
A
nd as judges of fact, you can talk, discuss and deliberate on facts of this case among yourselves only. But, each one of you must reach your own conclusion or form the opinion as to facts based on the evidence in this case. Your opinions could be unanimou
s or by majority; and, if the court agrees with such opinions, court will give the final judgment of the case accordingly. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Your duty, therefore, is a noble task and it will ultimately decide whether the accused-persons are not-guilty or guilty of the o
ffence, as charged, or of any other offence, on which I will deal with shortly. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 5.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Let me explain a further on your role. Each one of you has attained a certain standard in life and society and possesses a wide experience in life, community and the socie
ty at large. Therefore, the reason for your selection to perform the noble task as a judge on facts is that you have a better understanding and knowledge on day-to-day happenings in the society. You can, therefore, grasp and understand them better than a 
c
ourt of law would do; because, what the evidence seeks to unravel are indeed the facts that come to be in existence in the course of the conduct of the people in their day-to-day life. As members of the community, you are considered to have a better oppor
tunity and ability of assessing and appreciating such facts, which ultimately would be utilized to decide the case before you.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 As judges of fact, it is your own duty and responsibility to decide which fact is to be true and acceptable and which one is n
ot acceptable and should be rejected. Similarly, which witness/es to be believed; and, which version/s of the evidence is to be accepted or rejected, are entirely matters for you to decide by yourself.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 So, if I happen to express any opinion on facts, or if
 I appear to do be doing so, you must disregard that and you must form your own opinions without being influenced by such an expression of opinion by me.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Please remember that, that is because you are the Judges of fact and, even as the presiding Judge, I cannot and should not, either by design or accident, do anything that would affect your opinion on facts of this case.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls22\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Counsel for the State and Counsel for the defence have both made submissions to you as to how you should find the facts of the case. They have done so in accordance with their duties as counsel for the respective parties on the basis of what they perceive
d
 in their own ways of thinking and analysis. However, you do not have to accept what they say. If, what they have said, appeals to your commonsense and judgment and concurs with your own conclusions, then it is entirely a matter for you and you may accept
 it. Otherwise, you are not bound to accept such propositions on facts as advanced by counsel.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 8.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Your decisions must be solely and exclusively upon the evidence, which you have heard in this court, and upon nothing else. You must disregard anything that y
ou have heard about this case, outside this courtroom. You might have seen or heard news-items in print or electronic media about this case before or during the trial. You must disregard them and your opinions should, only be based on the evidence given i
n this courtroom.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I must give each one of you a word of caution. This caution should be borne in mind right throughout until you reach your own opinions. That is - as you could hear from the evidence - this case involved an incident of loss of life of a
 man due to some violent acts as alleged by the prosecution. This certainly shocks the conscience and feelings of our hearts. It is quite natural given the inherent compassion and sympathy with which human-beings are blessed. You may, perhaps, have your o
w
n personal, cultural, spiritual and moral thoughts about such an incident. You may perhaps have your personal experience of such a thing, which undoubtedly would be bitter. You must not, however, be swayed away by such emotions and or emotive thinking. Th
a
t is because you act as judges of facts in this case not to decide on moral or spiritual culpability of anyone but to decide on legal culpability as set-down by law, to which every one of us is subject to in the present day society that we live in. I will
 deal with the law as it is applicable to the offence with which the accused-persons are charged, in a short while.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Before doing so, I must tell you about a very important principle of law in a criminal trial. This is sometimes described as the golden 
rule in a criminal case. That is the presumption of innocence that an accused-person is entitled to in law. The effect of the presumption is that the accused-person is considered to be innocent until he is proven }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 guilty}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
. In other words, even though, ther
e is an offence, with which the accused-person is charged, by law he is considered to have been innocent. This presumption is in force until you form your own opinion at the end of this case solely on evaluation of evidence that the accused-person is guil
ty of the offence. Therefore, your independent opinion only could remove this presumption after all these proceedings and your deliberations on evaluation of facts are over. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The presumption of innocence, which is always in favour of an accused person,
 brings into force another very important principle of law. That is with regard to the burden - or sometimes referred to as the onus - of proof of the case. The case, as you know, has been brought by the Director of Public Prosecutions on behalf of the St
a
te against the accused-persons on the basis of an allegation of committing the offence of murder. The burden of proof of the case, in light of the presumption of innocence that I explained to you, therefore, lies always with the prosecution. Therefore, th
e burden of proof of the case against the accused-persons rests fairly and squarely always on the prosecution, that is the State-the complainant. The prosecution is never relieved of that responsibility and it does not shift to the accused-persons at all.

\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
In other words, if I am to put it differently from the perspective of the accused-persons, there is no burden of proof whatsoever on the accused-persons that they are innocent. You will recall that the accused-persons are presumed to be innocent and, t
herefore, there need not be any burden on them to prove their innocence. Their innocence is presumed by law.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
In as much as the burden of proof is on the prosecution, that burden should be discharged by the prosecution on the basis of a certain standard that has been set by law. The standard of proof set by the law is }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 proof beyond all reasonable doubt}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 . Therefore, please remember that the standard of proof in a criminal trial is proof beyond reasonable doubt. This means that the prosecution, having the
 burden of proof on its shoulders, should prove its case against the accused-person beyond reasonable doubt. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls23\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Proof beyond reasonable doubt, however, does not mean the proof of the case to the level of mathematical accuracy or to the level of accuracy
 that can be seen at a scientific test at a laboratory. Such an unrealistic standard is never meant by the standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt. What, in effect, it really means is that the prosecution must dispel any reasonably perceivable doubt in 
your mind as to the commission of the offence by the accused-persons. When I say }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
the commission of the offence, each and every element of the offence should be proved beyond reasonable doubt. I will deal with the elements of the offence of murder as I go on.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 15.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Ladies and gentleman, please note that if the prosecution has not discharged its burden of proof or has not been able to reach the standard of proof as set by law, then the case for the prosecution fails. If you find a reasonable doubt in the case 
for the prosecution, such doubt should always be given to the accused-person/s. You have to remember that, at no time the prosecution is entitled to the benefit of any doubt that may occur in the course of the prosecution case or defence case, which I wil
l advert to when I sum-up evidence later. 
\par 
\par 16.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Proof beyond reasonable doubt, therefore, means that before you find the accused-persons guilty of the offence charged or any other offence, you must be satisfied in your mind that you are sure of the guilt. I
f something puzzles in your mind as to the guilt after evaluating facts based on the evidence - that means - that the prosecution has not satisfied you on its standard of proof. In other words, there is a doubt you reasonably perceive as to the commission
 of the offence as charged or any other offence by the accused-person/s. Such doubt should always be resolved only in favour of the accused-person/s. You must, thereupon,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 express an opinion that he is not guilty. 
\par 
\par 17.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I will now deal with the elements of the offence.
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
The Accused is charged with the offence of murder. Murder is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 the unlawful killing of someone with malice aforethought. The}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 elements of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
the offence of murder, which the prosecution must}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 prove}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 beyond reasonable doubt, are:
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 (i)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The accused-person/s did an unlawful act;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 (ii)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 That unlawful act caused the death of the deceased;}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 and,
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 (iii) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
That the accused-person/s acted with malice aforethought.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 18.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I will now explain these three elements to you.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Firstly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 , an unlawful act is o
ne which is done with no lawful excuse. An example would be, if A hits B with fists or with an offence of weapon, that act will be an unlawful act as such act is not excused by law. 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The second element }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 of the offence of murder is that the unlawful act c
aused the death of the victim-the deceased in this case. The law requires a link between the unlawful act and the death. Usually, unlawful act causes some specific injury to the victim and that particular injury causes the victim}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s death. Or, the cause of 
death could be a combination of other factors resulted directly from the unlawful act. It is also sufficient if the act or the conduct of the person/s concerned has contributed to cause the death; or, such act or conduct is substantial in its degree in th
e circumstances to cause the death. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls19\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Thirdly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
, the accused-person/s should have acted or conducted themselves with malice aforethought. Malice aforethought in law is to have thought about the act or conduct in question and carried out the act of causing death of someone.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls27\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Ladies and gentleman, the first element is called the physical element of the offence, while the second element indicates the causal link. The third is called the mental element. You have to always bear in mind that all three elements
 should be established by the prosecution at all times together for it to succeed in the charge of murder. It must be absolutely clear in your mind that the act or the conduct of the accused-person/s was accompanied by malice aforethought, which is the ne
c
essary mental state or the faulty intention to complete the offence of murder. You must remember, if the accused-person/s did not have the malice aforethought or, in simple language, the intention to cause the death or any bodily harm, which could cause d
eath, then the accused person cannot be found guilty for murder. Because, without malice aforethought the offence of murder cannot be committed. You must be clear on this.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Malice aforethought, therefore, is a legal term which describes a particular int
ention or state of mind. It is an intention in this case to cause the death or grievous harm to the deceased. Grievous harm means any bodily hurt, which seriously or permanently injures health, or which is likely to seriously or permanently injure health.
 Possibility of causing harm or grievous harm in light of the act/s or conduct of the accused-persons/s is dependent on the circumstances of the case. And sufficiency of such circumstances is entirely a matter for you to decide. 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 You must also bear in mind that a person}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
s intentions are locked up in mind. They are not often spoken out. The intent, therefore, cannot be physically observed. However this intent can be proved by what one tells others, or it can be inferred from one}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s conduct prior to, during or subsequent to the act or conduct in question.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
If you conclude that there was no malice aforethought for the act/s of the accused, then you should consider whether the accused had the knowledge in the act complained of by the
 prosecution. If they had only the knowledge, then the accused-person/s is guilty of manslaughter. Manslaughter is a lesser offence that stands very close to the offence of murder. Manslaughter is the killing of someone by an unlawful act or omission. If 
y
ou consider that the accused committed an unlawful act; but, one of the accused or both of them did not have the necessary intention of committing the death of the deceased or the malice aforethought, but they had only the knowledge that the death would b
e
 caused by their act/s conduct, then must find them guilty not of murder but of manslaughter only. Whether the accused had knowledge only or whether they had the intention to cause the death of the deceased is a matter entirely for you to decide on the ba
sis of facts and circumstances of the case. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Let us now look at the charge on the information, as amended on 08th October, 2010, before commencement of the trial and read over to the two accused-persons, upon which this trial proceeded. They are under Sections 199 and 200 of the Penal Code. 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 24.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The particulars of the offence, as alleged by the prosecution, are that:
\par 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 VILIAME ROGOSE TIRITIRI}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  and }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 NAULU BALEILEVUKA}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
 on the 21st day of March, 2008 at Namaka, Nadi in the Western Division murdered VILIAME GONEIVALU.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 25.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Therefore, it is clear that it is only the two accused-persons before court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
who have been charged for murder. This means that according to the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 prosecu
tion allegation only two of the accused are alleged to have been responsible for the murder. Please remember that this undisputed fact is very important when it comes to analyse the evidence in this case because evidence has to be}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 analysed only in relation to the offence for which an accused-persons}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 stand charged.
\par 
\par 26.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I must explain the legal basis of the charge. When a charge is laid jointly against more than one accused-person in this manner, it brings into focus an important legal principle, which is known as the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 doctrine of joint enterprise}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 . 
\par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 27.}{\insrsid10825304  }{
\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Usually, a person is liable in law for only acts committed by him}{\insrsid10825304  }{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 and for his conduct. Such acts or conduct alone attract criminal}{\insrsid10825304  }{
\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 liability if they are unlawful. The doctrine of joint enterprise is an}{\insrsid10825304  }{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 exception to that general rule, of course, for valid and sound}{\insrsid10825304  }{
\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 reasons. The principle is explained under Section 22 of the Penal}{\insrsid10825304  }{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Code, which reads:}{\insrsid10825304 
\par }{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304  '}{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Offences committed by joint offenders }{\insrsid10825304  }{
\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 in prosecution of common purpose}{\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  }{\insrsid10825304 '}{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 When two or more persons form
 a common intention to prosecute an unlawful purpose in conjunction with one another, and in the prosecution of such purpose an offence is committed of such a nature that its commission was a probable consequence of the prosecution of such purpose, each o
f them is deemed to have committed the offence.}{\insrsid10825304 '
\par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 28.}{\insrsid10825304  }{
\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Madam-assessors and gentleman-assessor, this is how the principle works. Three people, for an example, plan to rob a shop and one stands guard outside looking out for any police surveillance. One man goe
s inside and holds the cashier. The third person threatens the cashier with a gun and takes all the cash. All three men then make their get-away. Now, you will see that only the third man did the actual act of offence, while the other two helped to execut
e the act of robbery. Under the law, each one of them is held liable for the offence of robbery with violence irrespective of the individual roles played by each one of them under the doctrine of }{\insrsid10825304 '}{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
joint enterprise}{\insrsid10825304 '}{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 . For the principle to work under the Section, there should be evidence beyond reasonable doubt that:}{\insrsid10825304 
\par }{\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 There should be two or more persons forming a common intention to prosecute an unlawful purpose;
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 In prosecution of that unlawful purpose, an offence/s should be committed; and,
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The commission of such offence/s should be the probable consequence of the prosecution of that unlawful purpose.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par If, in the example above, it is established by evidence that the three men were not actuated by a common intention but they were acting independ
ent of each other or that each one of them had only a similar intention of robbing the cashier, then each one of them is liable only for what each one of them committed but not for the offence of robbery with violence, which actually was committed by the 
third man.
\par 
\par 29.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Therefore, in dealing with the principle, you must consider the following factors as matters of law. They are:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The case of each accused must be considered separately. That is, you must find evidence as to what each accused did to demons
trate that he too had shared the intention in common to prosecute the unlawful purpose;
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  Each}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
accused must have been actuated by that common intention with the doer of the unlawful purpose at the time the offence was committed and should have contributed in some meaningful way towards the prosecution of the unlawful purpose;
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 (iii)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Each one of them should have known that the commission of the offence is a probable consequence of the prosecution of that unlawful purpose.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 (iv)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Common intention must not be confused with same or similar intention entertained independently of each other. Instead, it should clearly be distinguished from similar intention. That is, if you find evidence to show that a particular accused did not share
 the intention in common with others and that he was actuated by his own intention which was, however, similar to the intention of others, you can find that accused guilty only for what he has committed and not for anything else; 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 (v)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 There must be evidenc
e, either direct or circumstantial, of pre-arrangement or some other evidence of common intention. Sometimes, however, such common intention could occur on the spur of the moment;
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 (vi) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
The mere fact of the presence of the accused at the time of the offense is not necessarily evidence of common intention.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 30.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I must direct you further on the application of the legal principle of joint enterprise relating to this case. The charge, based on that principle, is made against the two accused-persons who are befo
re you. Therefore, only their acts will make them responsible for the outcome of their act/s or conduct, if you consider it to be so. Evidence transpired that another person, whose identity is not known, attacked the deceased with a beer bottle after rece
i
pt of which, the deceased fell on the ground. Any harm that might have been caused to the deceased as a result of that attack with the beer-bottle shall not raise liability against these two accused-persons or against anyone of them for the reason that th
e
 charge has not referred to such an unknown person being associated with these two accused in the incident. Therefore, you must consider whether the act or the conduct of these two accused-persons were unlawful; and if so, whether such act/s or conduct, a
c
companied by malice aforethought, caused the death of the deceased. In considering that, you must decide whether, they were actuated by common intention to commit the murder of the deceased. If they are not, they will be liable only to the extent of injur
ies caused by each one of them.
\par 
\par 31.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Similarly, it transpired in evidence, that there were others who had been associated with the accused that night and their conduct too appeared to be wrongful. This would perhaps have contributed towards the death of the
 deceased in some way or the other. Whatever the degree of their involvement, that cannot be considered against these two accused or anyone of them as such offending conduct has not been taken into account by the prosecution when the charge was laid.

\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 32. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
It is now time for me to tell you about the nature of evidence that can be offered in a case. A witness can give evidence on his observations, like what he heard, what he saw, and what he perceived by his own senses. That is called direct evidence. In cer
tain circumstances court would allow witnesses to give their opinions on a matter. These witnesses should be experts on that particular subject. For example, you get experts on medical field. 
\par 
\par The consultant forensic-pathologist Dr Ponnu Swamy Goundar gave
 evidence and his expertise was not challenged. Therefore, his opinions as to the onset of injuries and the cause of death of the deceased are admissible in evidence. Such evidence is called expert evidence. You can be guided by his opinions when you asse
ss the facts of the case as to the cause of death of the deceased. Please remember that you are entitled to form your own opinion as to facts after considering the opinion of the expert. If you feel fit to give weight to the expert}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s opinion, then you can accept it.
\par 
\par 33.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
You must consider all direct evidence - that is what witnesses saw and heard or perceived by their senses, as well as expert evidence above referred to.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Documentary evidence and real evidence are also important in a case. Documentary evidenc
e is the evidence presented in the form of a document. In this case, the Post-Mortem Report, the sketch of the place of the crime, the photographs of the deceased taken at the post-mortem and the cautioned-interview statements, which are before you, are d
o
cumentary evidence. Real evidence is the material objects that are used to commit the offence and/or those recovered from the scene of the crime. In this case, the beer bottle and pieces of the cement block are examples for real evidence. They can be used
 to support the evidence of a witness and to advance one}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
s case. You must consider whether the material objects were, in fact, used or found from the scene before you accept them as real evidence in the case.
\par 
\par 34.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The most important matter that needs be established by evidence in a criminal trial is the }{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 identity of the individual accused-person committing the offence or his involvement with the offence in some other way }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
in order to be caught-up under the principle of joint enterprise. This is usually done by way of direct evidence through the testimony of witnesses. In this case prosecution relied on direct evidence to establish identity of the two accused.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 35.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The case against each accused in this case depends exclusively on correct identification. Learned 
Defence Counsel, contested the case only on identification alleging that the identification in this case was improper or mistaken. The issue of identification is, therefore, crucial to the prosecution case and identification of each accused committing the
 
offence or his involvement in the commission of the offence should be established beyond all reasonable doubt. If you entertain any doubt as to identification of one or both of the accused-persons, the case for the prosecution fails and you should express
 the opinion of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 not guilty}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  forthwith. 
\par 
\par 36.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
You must clearly bear in mind that a witness, perhaps mistaken on identification of one accused or both of them, can nevertheless be convincing in his evidence as to the commission of the offence and identificat
ion of the accused. There could even be one or more witnesses mistaken in the same way though similarly convincing in evidence before you. When you are examining the evidence on identification, you must guard yourselves against such a possibility.
\par 
\par 37.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 In 
dealing with evidence on identification, you must closely consider the circumstances under which each witness happened to identify each accused. You must, in addition to what you may think proper to consider, take into account following factors in coming 
to a conclusion in regard to identification of each accused. They are:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 For how long could the witness observe each one of the accused;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Is there evidence referring to any distinctive conduct of each one of the accused during such observation;
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
What was the light? Is the point of place sufficiently lit to enable the witness to identify the accused without the risk of being mistaken;
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 What was the distance to the scene of the crime from the place where the witness stands?}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (v)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Was such distance being varied due}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 to the movements of the accused and/or witnesses and if so what specific act/s were seen by witnesses after such variation;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (vi)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Was the observation by the witnesses obstructed due to moving objects, gathering of people and fall of shadows etc;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (vii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Had the witness/s ever seen each one of the accused before? If so, how often and for how long?
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (viii)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Are there any special reasons for the witness to remember the accused/s after such encounter before?
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ix)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls14\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Is the identification 
by the witnesses of the accused/s tested through another means such as an identification parade to be sure procedurally before their identification in Court?
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 38.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 You may be reminded that you sometimes wrongly recognize people who are known to you. Identif
ication of a stranger, therefore, may even be difficult to make. You must, therefore, clearly consider whether the witnesses could identify under the conditions prevailed at that night of the incident. If you think that they could, then it is entirely a m
atter for you to decide on the identification of one or both of the accused.
\par 
\par 39.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Usually, a suspect who is not recognized by name in the commission of an offence, is submitted by police for an identification parade. As, you are perhaps aware, this is a sys
tem where a few people who are similar to the suspect in terms of age, appearance, complexion, height and clothing etc. are put in a parade along with the suspect and witnesses are asked to pick-up the suspect that they claim to have identified among the 
p
eople on the parade. This method is carried-out to make sure that the identification by witnesses was done with certainty and to avoid the risk of mistaken identity of a person as a suspect. If the person suspected of the offence is picked-up correctly, t
hen the identification by witnesses stands tested and such evidence is presented before court for you to decide on identification of the accused.
\par 
\par 40.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 You must note that such an identification method was not conducted in this case by police. Therefore, iden
tification of accused had not been tested to avoid the risk of mistaken identity. Instead, witnesses were asked to identify the two accused, who were on the dock.
\par 
\par 41.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 This kind of dock identification is usually undesirable for the reason that it is not an
 uneasy task for witnesses to point finger at people who stand in the dock. If you think that despite this infirmity, witnesses could still have identified the two accused in the commission of the offence after considering all those matters I explained a 
while ago and that evidence of the witnesses on identification is convincing, you can act on the evidence of identification by two witnesses.
\par 
\par 42.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
You will have to bear in mind all those legal principles when analyzing evidence to decide whether the accused are guilty of the offence as charged or any other offence. I will now proceed to summarize the evidence in the case.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls26\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Witness-Daniel Naidu}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  said that the statement of the 1st Accused was recorded under caution, which was marked }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-1(a)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  and }
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-1(b)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
. That statement is before you. Learned counsel for the defence referred specifically to }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Question and Answer Nos. 64, 65, 66, 75, 79, 83, 84, 86, 87, 117,118,120, 124, 125 and 126. 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls26\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Witness- Shalvin Prasad }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 said that the statement of the 2nd accused was recorded under caution, which was marked as }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE 2(a)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  and }
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-2(b)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
. Learned counsel for the defence referred specifically to Question and Answer Nos.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 67, 86, 87, 111, 112, 115 and 116.}{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 43.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Cautioned-interview statements are before you. You must read them very caref
ully. These are statements made to police under the caution that they will be used as evidence against the maker of such statement. The statements were admitted as evidence without any objection from the accused. They are, therefore, evidence in the case.
 
You may consider the statements to see whether an accused or both of them had been in or around the Namaka Public School Compound at the relevant time of the date of the incident and to see whether there is an admission to that effect. Also, you may consi
d
er whether there was admission in the statements showing that one accused or both of them had been in close contact with the deceased at the relevant time. In that you may consider the questions and answers referred to by the learned counsel for the defen
c
e. Those matters could be considered in deciding whether the witnesses could have the opportunity of identifying one or both accused and whether evidence of witnesses in the commission of the offence by the two accused is acceptable. You must remember tha
t contents of the cautioned-interview statements can be used only against the maker of that particular statement. It can in no way be used against another accused.
\par 
\par 44.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I will now deal with the rest of evidence.
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 WITNESS}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 - }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 WAISELE CEGUNACOKO}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 said:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I was 
drinking grog on 20. 3.2008. I was joined by Saimoni and Vili. Vili was a Security Officer at Frezco and Saimoni was the nephew of Vili.They joined around 11.00p.m on 20. 03.2008.They heard two young men yelling on the road. Vili spoke to them and told th
em not to swear.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Then they started arguing.They were arguing about yelling and swearing.They started punching each other down towards the school.Sadhai Auto Parts was quite close to the Public School, Namaka. Vili the nephew of the Head Master ran up to the
 office upstairs.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili, with whom I was drinking grog was a friend of mine.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Other Vili was the nephew of Head Master of Namaka Public School.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Both Vilis were pulling each other.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili-headmaster}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s nephew was part of the group yelling.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I could see him clearly.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  "}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I was not familiar with him}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 "}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 .}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I could recognize his face and light was there in front of Sadhai and street lights was there.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I could not see everything clearly where I stand.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili the nephew is in court. Vili the nephew is in court (1A) identified.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili the security Officer, where is he now?
\par He is dead.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I do not know his full name. His name could be Viliame Gaunanivalu. (1A) had run up to the office. That}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s Headmasters}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 . The deceased was walking up the driveway at Namaka Public School.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Saimoni was following Vili towards school.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili \endash 
 nephew came down again and he was followed by}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Headmaster and two other boys.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They had an argument \endash  Vili \endash  Deceased and all the men came from office.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Argument was about Vili \endash  deceased, did not like the drinking at school.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The men came from the office were all drunk.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Headmaster also came down.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Headmaster is present in Court (2A) identified.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They had a fistfight.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Vili-the deceased and 1A. One of the two boys standing beside the deceased, hit the deceased with a bottle on his head.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
It was a beer bottle.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Headmaster, 1A and two other boys came from the office.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 It was a long bottle.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Deceased fell on the ground after receipt of hit of the bottle.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 1A and 2A started to kick him on the ground.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Deceased was just lying on the ground, two boys kept on kicking the deceased. 1A picked up a block and broke the block on decease}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s head.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I and Saimoni tried to assist deceased.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Other men were standing near 1A and the deceased.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They started throwing broken pieces at us.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 1A followed us.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Saimoni ran towards the road, and I ran towards Embroidery Factory.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Deceased was just lying on the ground and not moving.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 1A was at Sadhai}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s office and he was damaging.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Another Headmaster}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s nephew took the deceased to the hospital.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He was a teacher at Namaka Public School.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par Answering cross-examination, witness said:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Q: who gave you the information that 1A was the}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 nephew of the}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 headmaster?}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par A: Police.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Did they give his name?
\par A: No
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: So you knew him?
\par A: No, I heard his name on that night.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q:What time did you know the name?
\par A: After 12.00 midnight.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Why did not you tell Police what Villi did?
\par A: I was not asked that question to give the name.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: In your statement, you never mentioned the name of Vili anywhere?
\par A: No. I gave the name to Police.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: How was your statement referring to a tall Fijian man? 
\par A: His name was not called out at that time by ladies.
\par \'85.
\par Q: So, that was the first time that you saw him?
\par A: Yes.
\par \'85
\par Q: Light was orange light from the street lamps?
\par A: Yes.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Light was not that bright?
\par A: I do not know.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: It was a dim orange light?
\par A: It was bit dim.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: You [could] cannot see 1A and 2A from the place you described?
\par A: I could.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: I am putting to you that you could only see figures?
\par A: Lights of the school canteen were also on.
\par \'85.
\par Q; I put it to you that the 1A and 2A did not assault the deceased.
\par A: Incorrect.
\par \'85
\par Q: You had two police officers besides you. Why did not you tell them what 2A did?
\par A: I cannot answer that question.
\par \'85
\par Q: This is case of mistaken identity?
\par A: No.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 WITNESS SAIMONI TIKIBO}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I can recall 20.3.2008. 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I came to check a container of Mineral water which was supposed to be taken that day.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 It was for the Frezco beverages.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 After it was loaded around 9.00 o}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 clock at night, I went to the town Greenland Nightclub in Nadi.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
We were drinking at Sadhar around 12.00 midnight of 21.08.2008.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Sadhar}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 was at Nasouvatu Road.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 That road goes to Namaka Public School.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I was drinking}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 grog with Peni, and three other Peni}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s cousins,}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Waisale and Vili.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili passed away.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 While we were drinking grog.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Peni and his three cousins left.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 After a while, there was no more }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Kava}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  and I told them to bring my ATM card.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 When I left and reached LTA office, I heard some yelling from where we were sitting.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I went on bicycle.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I came back I found that Vili and a tall man having a quarrel in front of}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Sadhai}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}
{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s Office. Vili was asking him why he was swearing at him.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I did not get what he was saying.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They had a quarrel along the road until they reached the school.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw him properly that night as there was light in front of Sadhai}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s office.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
When they reached the school I saw a thin man coming from the school.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They came down and went straight to Vili.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Tall man was down.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They had a fight.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I could recognize the headmaster.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He was leading the group.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They had a fight with Vili.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Headmaster threw a punch at VIli. I was at the footpath about 6 metres away from the scene.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I could see everything clearly from 
where I was standing. There were streetlights, light from the school and canteen.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw the tall man for the first time.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 It was going on for 20 minutes.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I had a clear view of what was going on.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Headmaster and tall Fijian boy are in court. 1A and 2A identified.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 When they came down I went towards where they had the fight in school compound.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They fought and after while I saw Vili lying on the ground.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
They started stepping on and kicking Vili. They were stomping on deceased}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s body.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  
}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw the tall man bringing a block and hitting it on the fallen man}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s head.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I heard some people calling out his name, saying }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Villi}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
that is enough}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 , when he got the block.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Vili, the deceased was lying down.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He tried to sta
nd up when he was kicked.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 After he was hit with the block, there was no movement.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  
}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw the Headmaster throwing the first punch.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Vili was motionless.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The group of men saw me standing on the footpath.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 One of them hit me with a beer bottle and another with a stone. I ran towards Cawa Road and crossed to the other end.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I came towards the main road and went towards the school ground.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I came and went towards Vili.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw Vili lying on the ground.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I saw some people standing}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 3 \endash  4 metres away.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 None helping.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I called him twice, no response.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I ran to the Taxi Stand and asked to assist to take Vili to the hospital.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He told me to wait as they had already called the police.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I ran again to Vili, I turned him and touched his face and realized injuries. Block was struck on deceased}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
s face and it broke into pieces.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 They were around.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I was turning him around. I heard this tall man referred to as Vili (1A) shouting along the road.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He was running and shouting along the road.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I left Vili and ran away.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I was scared of him as they would do the same to me.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I went back to Sadhai}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s place where we were drinking grog.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I found that Waisale and others were also off and I saw the radio damaged.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I recall being questioned by police about the incident.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I was asked to assist them at the crime scene.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I took Investigating Officer to the scene, about 11.00 am on 21.3. 2008.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 When we reached there, I show him the place where incident occurred.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I checked around light. I saw Investigating Officer drawing sketch of accident.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Investigating Officer was Sgt Elia. I did not see the scene as it was in the morning.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Pieces of the block were near the roadside.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Answering cross examination, witness said:
\par \'85.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Why 90% of your evidence was not contained in your statement?
\par A: I said everything in court today.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: When did the police contact you regarding the}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 incident in Namaka?
\par A: On the same morning around 8.00 am.
\par \'85}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Lighting}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  was not there in the statement?
\par A: It is there.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Did you mention about canteen lights@#?
\par A: I forgot to tell.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: You confirm t
hat the deceased-Vili was standing and when he was punched, he fell down
\par A: Yes.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Q: What would you say to the fact that another man hit with a beer bottle and that is why the deceased fell down?
\par A: I only saw that they were fighting and after that I saw Villi falling on the ground.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Q: If I suggest to you why Vili fell down was because he was assaulted with a beer bottle?
\par A: I saw the headmaster having a fist-fight}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 with Vili-the deceased.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: Did you see somebody hitting the deceased with a beer bottle?
\par A: No.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par \'85}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: You are mistaken on identification of both accused?
\par A: No
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Q: You came from the night club after how many drinks?
\par A: Three of us three jugs
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PC 439 SAKEASI KOROI }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 said he has been a Crime Scene Photographer since 2008.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He photographs exhibits, crime scene, fatal scenes, post mortem. He has taken photographs at post mortem in this case. He showed:

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Photo No 2 shows clear view of deceased}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s face;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6386709 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Photo No 4 shows clear view of deceased}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s face;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6386709 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Photo No 5 indicates right side of the chest;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6386709 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Photo No 7 shows a clear up view of fingers as indicated by the pathologist;}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6386709 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (v)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls17\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Photo No 8 shows the shoulders the deceased.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6386709 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 All photos were marked as }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-3}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls20\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 SGT ELIA WAQANIDROLA }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 giving evidence said}{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 that}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid485898\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He was based at CID office in Suva. He has been in the force for 20 years.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He had served at Namaka in 2008. He also worked as Investigation Officer in cases such as this.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He was the Investigation}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Officer in this case.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
In relation to this case on 21. 03. 2008 at 9.00am he was called by Crime Officer \endash  Inspector Samsharon to look into the case of assault at Namaka Public School compound. He said that the victim had been transferred to Nadi and Lautoka H
ospital. He visited the scene with Senior Crime 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Officer from Lautoka.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He found at the scene pieces of cement block, broken bottles and spots of blood on the driveway.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He photographed the scene and then lifted the blocks and the beer bottles from the crime scene.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He took them to the station as Exhibits of the crime scene.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
He identified a long beer bottle of}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
750 ml, which was marked as (PE 4). He identified the bricks collected on that day. Seven pieces of the broken block were collected, which are marked as (PE-5). He made a sketch draft of the scene of the crime and marked it as }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-6}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 He looked for lighting; it was from the lamppost and from the building.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 When he visited the crime scene, the deceased was in a comma.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Deceased did not regain consciousness until his death.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Answering cross examination, he said that there were no witnesses or accused at the scene when he visited. He said that he had missed to put the points where lights were and he admitted that it was very important. He said that Simione}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s statement did not refer to the bricks but only to the incident.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Dr Ponnuswamy Goundar}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304  giving evidence stated that the cause of death of the deceased was due to }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 intra-ventricular hemorrhage and diffuse cerebral edema due to blunt impact associated with systematic shock as recorded in the Post-Mortem Report marked }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 PE-7}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 . 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Answering cross examination, the doctor said that a forceful attack with a beer bottle could have caused the injuries as shown in the Report. Clarifying in re-examination, the doctor said that any other impact and blunt force could cause injuries.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 45.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 The case for the prosecution was closed with the evidence of those witnesses and exhibits marked as Exhibits PE -1(a)\endash  PE-7.

\par 
\par 46.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
After the case for the prosecution was closed, you may recall, that I explained the rights available to the accused. I was under duty to do so. You must not misunderstand that that exercise of my
 power under law as a call to answer the charges and to prove their innocence. There is no such compulsion and the accused decided to remain silent. That is their legal right and you must not draw any adverse inference on their silence. They are well with
in their right in making that choice.
\par 
\par 47.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
I have summarized all the evidence before you. But, still I might have missed some. That is not because they are unimportant. You heard every item of evidence and you should reminded yourself of all that evidence a
nd form you opinion on facts. What I did was only to draw your attention to the salient items of evidence and help you in reminding yourself of the evidence.
\par 
\par 48.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 In summary the prosecution says that the unlawful act committed by the accused and their cond
uct was with malice aforethought to cause the death of the deceased. 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 49.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
In considering what to accept you must look at the evidence objectively and not to be swayed by emotion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
This is indeed a tragic case, and says more about the shortcomings of society than it does about the accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 
\par 50.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Remember that the burden of proving the accused}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s guilt rested on the prosecution at all times. If you find that the act of the accused or the conduct in issue was accompanied by malice aforethought then you can find
 them guilty for murder. If you think that that the accused could have only the knowledge of a possible death of the deceased on account of their acts or conduct, then you cannot find the accused guilty of murder. Instead, you can find the accused guilty 
only of manslaughter, which is an offence less in gravity than the murder, as I indicated before. Manslaughter is the killing of a person without malice aforethought.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 51.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 If you are of the view that the Accused did nothing unlawful by their acts or conduc
t or you have a reasonable doubt about that, then you must find the Accused not guilty of any offence.
\par 
\par 52.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Remember that the onus of proving the Accused}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 s guilt rests on the prosecution at all times.
\par 
\par 53.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Your possible opinions are:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Guilty of murder; }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid485898 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid485898 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid485898\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Guilty of manslaughter; }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid485898 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid485898 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid485898\charrsid10825304 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid485898 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Not guilty of any offence.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par 54.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
Madam assessors and Gentleman assessor, this concludes my summing up of the Law. Now you may retire and deliberate together and may form your individual opinions on the charge against th
e accused. You may peruse any of the exhibits you like to consider. When you have reached your separate opinions you will come back to court, and you will be asked to state your separate opinion.
\par 
\par 55.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 I thank you for your patient hearing to my summing-up.
\par 
\par You may retire to consider your opinions now.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid485898 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Priyantha Nawana
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 Puisne Judge}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10825304 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid485898 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10825304\charrsid10825304 At Lautoka
\par 21 October 2010}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid10825304 
\par }}