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{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 CRIMINAL CASE NO.: HAC 20 OF 2005 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 STATE \par }\pard \s15\ql 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of Summing Up}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 22nd September 2010 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Date of Judgment}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 23rd September 2010 \par \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 This trial held for last 12 days.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 After deliberation for about an hour, two assessors returned their opinion of not guilty to the charge mentioned below but one assessor is of the opinion that the Accused is guilty for the offence as he charged. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 First Count \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 FALSE PRETENCE}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Contrary to Section 308 and 309 (a) of the Penal Code Cap 17. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 BRIJAN SINGH aka BRIAN SINGH s/o Ram Singh}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 between the 24th day of May, 2002 and the 2nd day of August 2002, at Suva in the Central Division, with intent to defraud, caused the Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands to pay the sum of $8,739.00 by f alsely pretending that the said sum was for the payment of a business class ticket when in fact the money was used to purchase the cheaper economy class ticket and he pocketed the difference for his own benefit \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Second Count \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 FALSE PRETENCE}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Contrary to Section 308 and 309 (a) of the Penal Code Cap 17. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 BRIJAN SINGH aka BRIAN SINGH s/o Ram Singh}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 between the 17th day of February 2003 and the 7th day of April 2003, at Suva in the Central Division, with int ent to defraud, caused the Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands to pay the sum of $4,311.00 by falsely pretending that the said sum was for the payment of an upgrade to business class ticket from Hunts Travel Service when in fact the money was l ater paid out to him by Hunts Travel Service after cutting its commission. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Third Count \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 FALSE PRETENCE}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Contrary to Section 308 and 309 (a) of the Penal Code Cap 17. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717975 {\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 BRIJAN SINGH aka BRIAN SINGH s/o Ram Singh}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 between the 22nd day of May 2003 and the 17th day of July 2003, at Suva in the Central Division, with intent to defraud, caused the Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands to pay the sum of $9,724.00 by falsely pretending that the said sum was for the payment of a business class ticket when in fact the money was used to purchase the cheaper economy class ticket and he pocketed the difference for his own benefit}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 I adjourned overnight to consider my judgment.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 I direct myself in accordance with the law contained in my summing up to the assessors. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 I bear in mind that whilst the opinion of the assessors carries great weight, the verdict of the court is that of the judge and it is his duty to reach his own conclusion on the evidence (}{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Joseph v The King}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 [1948] AC 215}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In }{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Ram Dulare & others v R }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 [1955] 5 FLR 1}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 the Court of Appeal referred to }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Joseph}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 '}{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 s}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 case and said: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \'85 [the assessors] duty is to offer opinions which might help the trial judge.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The responsibility for arriving at a decision and of giving judgment in a trial by the [High] Court sitting with assessors is that of the trial Judge and the trial Judge alone and \'85 he is not bound to follow the opinion of the assessors.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 More recently, in }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Sakiusa Rokonabete v The State}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Criminal Appeal No. AAU0048/05}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 , the Court of Appeal observed: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In Fiji, the assessors are not the sole judges of fact.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The judge is the sole judge of fact in respect of guilt and the assessors are there only to offer their opinions based on their views of the facts.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 If the presiding trial judge disagrees with the opinion of the assessors, he must give written reasons for differing from the opinion and those reasons must be pronounced in open court (s. 237(4) o f the Criminal Procedure Decree and predecessor s. 299(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code).}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The reasons for differing with the opinion of the assessors must be founded on the weight of the evidence and must reflect the presiding judge}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 '}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 s views as to the credibility of witnesses (}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Ram Bali v Regina}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 (1960) 7 FLR 80 at 83 (Fiji CA),}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Ram Bali v The Queen}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 (}{ \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Privy Council Appeal No. 18 of 1961),}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Shiu Prasad v Reginam}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 (}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 1972) 18 FLR 70, at 73 (Fiji CA.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Setevano v State}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 [1991] FJA 3 at 5}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 , the Court of Appeal stressed that the reasons of the presiding trial judge: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 must be cogent and they should be clearly stated.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In our view they must also be capable of withstanding critical examination in the light of the whole of the evidence presented in the trial}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 . \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Let me discuss the facts of the case briefly.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The accused Brijan Singh aka Brian Singh was the Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Labour.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 He was nominated to participate on behalf of the Government in the ILO Conference on all three occasions. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 On the 1st and 3rd occasions he went to Geneva and the 2nd occasion he went to Jarkata.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Following factors are agreed between parties by facts and agreement}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 which are not in dispute now:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Accused is entitled for Business Class \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}These three are official trips \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}Proper procedure followed to purchase tickets \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}Government paid for Business class tickets \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}Accused travelled in Economy}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 class \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}Balance money after deduction paid to Accused by Hunts travels services \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}There was an audit query}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}Accused repaid the money what he received \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}Government overpaid $15146 and received 12880.30 back from the accused Brijan Singh \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}There is a loss of $2265.70 to the Government in these transaction \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Question to be decided by the Court were briefly as follows: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Was the accused obtained money on false pretence? \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}Can the accused encash his entitlement? \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 On the occasion set out in the 1st and 3rd Count, the preparations were done by his office staff and he obtained the ticket on the date of travel. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 How do we find whether the accused obtained money with the intention to defraud?}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In my view we should consider the entire transaction then considering a portion of the transaction.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Here the accused had approved his Business class ticket fare.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The money was paid to the travel agent for business class.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The accused very well knows the purpose and amount of money was paid.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The Government of Fiji had paid an excessive amount for the services delivered to her Permanent Secretary. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The Prosecution submits that the m oney had been obtained on false pretence but the defence submits at is encashment of an entitlement. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Let me consider the 2nd Count.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In this Count the accused had travelled to Jakarta to take part in ILO conference.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 As per P39 the PSC had approved the travel of the accused with a condition.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 It states }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The approval granted is on the condition that the ILO will meet all costs}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 " }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The Accused had been given clear approval to travel without burdening the government.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 But the accused being the Chief Accounting Officer in the Ministry of Labour had authorized to spend $4311 to upgrade his ticket to Business class.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 One might argue and say it is a financial irregularity but not an offence under the Penal Code.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 But if we consider the entire transaction.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 He authorized the amount for himself when the instruction from the PSC is to the contrary and paid it to a travel agent of his choice.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 After paying it he got it paid back to him.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 This is nothing but obtaining money by false pretence. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The Prosecution proved that the money which was obtained by the accused was deposited into his personal account and the same was not informed to the Government. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 This matter was found in the audit of the Auditor General.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 A query was raised, in the defence Counsel term }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 the government kicks a fuss}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 It should be noted that at the exit interview of the Auditor General the accused denied travelling in Economy Class and maintained that he travelled in Business class.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Two prosecution witnesses confirms that, but the accused denied doing so.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Further both witnesses were not subjected to cross examined by the defence Counsel on that point.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Subsequently the accused returned the money.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 If he is entitled to the said money he could have informed to the Government authorities of his position.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 His subsequent conduct raises doubt of his conduct which is admissible under Res gestae. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Now I consider the defence version the accused claims that he is entitled to travel in Business class.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Therefore he can encash his entitlement.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 There is no express provision in the PSC circular for this encashment.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 I refer to a similar provision in Fiji Overseas Regulation (FOSR) Section D (3) states as follows: \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li574\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin574\itap0\pararsid10186105 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 PASSAGE ENTITLEMENTS \par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par D.3}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 An officer travel to or from an overseas post appointment or transfer, or on return to Fiji at the end o his tour or duty overseas will be entitled to passages at public expense at the following class of fare for himself ands his dependents who are to reside with him or a re residing with him during his overseas service and who accompany him: \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li1162\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1162\itap0\pararsid10186105 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Head of Mission}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 business class \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}Others}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 economy class \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li574\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin574\itap0\pararsid7282396 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 All other travel for Head of Mission and other staff be economy class.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Provided that no officer or dependent shall be permitted to exchange Entitlement for business travel for any other benefit or to claim official payments for business class travel if he has not travelled business class}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 . \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 I further refer to a decision made in the Fiji Court of Appeal.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 In }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Fiji Public Service Appeal Board}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 and }{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Mahendra Singh s/o Daulal Singh}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Civil Appeal No. 53 of 198}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{ \i\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Henry J.A.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 states as follows:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 No Public Servant or any other person has any right or entitlement other than that which has been expressly delegated}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 "}{ \b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 . }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 (Emphasis added)}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Considering above authorities I find the accused is not empowered to encash his entitlement. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 { \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Considering the evidence before the Court which I extensively discussed in my summing up to assessors, I am c onvinced that there is ample evidence against the accused person to prove that he had committed offences as he charged. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 For the reason given, I do not accept the opinion of not guilty by the majority of the assessors but with the minority.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 The learned DPP has satisfied me the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.}{ \f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772 }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Accordingly, I convict the accused for the 1st Count, 2nd Count and 3rd Count as charged. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par }\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 \f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 S. Thurairaja \par Judge \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14359772 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 \par At Suva \par \par Solicitors \par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14359772\charrsid14359772 Office of the Director of Public Prosecution for the State \par Leweniqila & Associates for the Respondent \par }}