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\f36\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11237003\charrsid88113 
\par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 AT SUVA
\par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Criminal Case No: HAC120 of 2008
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 STATE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757150\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 V}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757150\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 RAYMOND JOHNSON
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid6757150\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Hearing:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5320301\charrsid88113 23rd \endash  25th August 2010}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par Sentence:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 10th September 2010
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Mr. L. Fotofili for State
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Accused in person
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 SENTENCE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid10307783\charrsid88113 1}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
Raymond Johnson, you stand convicted of robbery with violence and unlawful use of motor vehicle after a trial.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 You exercised your right to a 
trial and I do not hold that against you.
\par 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid10307783\charrsid88113 2}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
The facts are that on 14 June 2008 at 3am you entered the home of the complainant with a group of men armed with a knife and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 a }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 pinch bar.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 
 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 You threatened the complainant }{\f0\fs24\insrsid6360560\charrsid88113 with the knife }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 and demanded money.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 After stealing }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 cash and properties }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 you fled in the complainant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 '}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 s vehicle.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 The vehicle was found abandoned later on the same day.
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7763883\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid10307783\charrsid88113 [3]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid13115522\charrsid88113 I bear in mind the principles of sentencing under the Sentencing and Penalties Decree 2009, which came into effect on 1 February 2010.}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid13115522\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid10307783\charrsid88113 4}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 
The maximum penalty for robbery with violence under the Penal Code is a life }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113 imprisonment. The maximum penalty for unlawful use of motor vehicle is six months imprisonment. 
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid10307783\charrsid88113 [5]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 The current sentencing practices and guidelines for}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
robbery with violence have been set out in cases such as }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 State v. Basa}{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113  Criminal Appeal No: AAU0024 of 2005 (24 March 2006); }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
Wainiqolo v. The Stat}{\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 e [2006] FJCA 70; AAU0027.2006 (24 November 2006) }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 and }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 State v. Rokonabete & Ors. }{
\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 [2008] FJHC 226; HAC118.2007 (15 September 2008).}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113  These cases indicate the sentences for organized gang robberies range from 8 years to 14 years imprisonment.
\par 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 6}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 In }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Rokonabete}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113  (supra), 
this Court summarized the principles to be:
\par  
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 "}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
The dominant factor in assessing seriousness for any types of robbery is the degree of force used or threatened.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
The degree of injury to the victim or the nature of and duration of threats are also relevant in assessing the seriousness of an offence of 
robbery with violence. If a weapon is involved in the use or threat of force that will always be an important aggravating feature.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
Group offending will aggravate an offence because the level of intimidation and fear caused to the victim will be greater.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 It may also indicate planning and gang activity.}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Being the ringleader in a group is an aggravating factor.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
If the victims are vulnerable, such as elderly people and persons providing public transport, then that will be an aggravating factor.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 Other aggra
vating factors may include the value of items taken and the fact that an offence was committed whilst the offender was on bail.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
The seriousness of an offence of robbery is mitigated by factors such as a timely guilty plea, clear evidence of remorse, read
y co-operation with the police, response to previous sentences, personal circumstances of the offender, first offence of violence, voluntary return of property taken, playing a minor part, and lack of planning involved.}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 "}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14106328\charrsid88113 [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 7}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14106328\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14106328\charrsid88113 Home invasion robbery is a serious offence.}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14106328\charrsid88113 People t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid6360560\charrsid88113 ake shelter and security in }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14106328\charrsid88113 their homes.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid6360560\charrsid88113 Robberies in homes instill fear}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113  in the co}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 mmunity.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113 
In this country p}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 eop}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113 le live in homes like }{\f0\fs24\insrsid13115522\charrsid88113 prisons}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113  with iron}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113  grills and padl}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 ocks on windows and doors.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 Yet}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
 they get invaded by offenders who have no regard f}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 or the law and order.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5865436\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 8}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 Home invasion robbery is too prevalent in our community and perpetrators of this offence mu}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 st expect condign punishment. T}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 he court ha}{\f0\fs24\insrsid10902845\charrsid88113 s a duty to protect the public}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113  by imposing pun}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid10902845\charrsid88113 ishment that will deter this kind of offending.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 9}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 You invaded the complainant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 '}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 
s home at night }{\f0\fs24\insrsid10902845\charrsid88113 with a group of men }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5528301\charrsid88113 by breaking the burglar grills and the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid10902845\charrsid88113 door. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
The evidence shows that you were the leader of the gang.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 You did all the talking while you were}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113  inside the complainant}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 '}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11868914\charrsid88113 s house for about ten minutes.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 10}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 The complainant said he will never forget the incident.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 After the incident he migrated to New Zealand with his family.
\par 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 11}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 You are }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16534969\charrsid88113 39 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
years old and married.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 You have a long list of previou}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 s convictions in Fiji and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 in }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 Australia for similar offences, since 1990. Even when I disregard the spent convictions, you are not entitled for credit for previous good character.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 By your past conduc}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 t you have deprived yourself of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113  any mercy from the court.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 [12]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 I take into account that you waited for two years for the trial.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid10902845\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 
You were in remand for a short period. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 I treat the delay as a mitigating factor in your favour. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 13}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 I treat the presence of the fo
llowing factors to have aggravated your offending:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 The complainant was robbed in the security of his home.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 A knife was used to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113  threaten the complainant.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 The offence was committed in a gang.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 The stolen items have }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 not }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4066186\charrsid88113 been }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 recovered.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 14}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 You did not use}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113  actual phys}{
\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 ical violence. You used threats of violence to commit the robbery.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113\charrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 I use 8 years imprisonment as a starting point. }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 I add 3 years to reflect the aggr}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 avating factors and reduce}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113  1 year for the delay and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid10621657\charrsid88113 the }{
\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 remand period and arrive at a term of 10 years imprisonment.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8738557\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 
\par [}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 15}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 ]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 I sentence you to 10 years imprisonment with a non-parole}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 
 period of 7 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16523738\charrsid88113 years imprisonment for robbery with violence and 4 months imprisonment for unlawful use of motor vehicle, to be served concurrently. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1338027\charrsid88113 [16]}{\f0\fs24\insrsid88113  }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1927764\charrsid88113 You may appeal to the Court of Appeal within 30 days.
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 Daniel Goundar
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid88113 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5259256\charrsid88113 
\par At Suva
\par 10th September 2010
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11813900\charrsid88113 
\par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11813900\charrsid88113 Solicitors:
\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11813900\charrsid88113 Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions for State
\par Accused in person
\par }}