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}}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 \f39\fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid13572457 CRIMINAL CASE NO. HAC 108 OF 2007 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 STATE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 V \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 SATYA NAND \par s/o RAM CHAND \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Counsels}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 :}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Ms. A. Tuiketei for the State}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Mr. M. Raza for the Accused}{\f0\fs24\insrsid13572457 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Hearings}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 :}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 20th, 21st, 25th, 26th and 27th January, 2010 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Summing Up}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 :}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 29th January, 2010 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 SUMMING UP \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 A. ROLE OF JUDGE AND ASSESSORS \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 1. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Madam and Gentlemen Assessors, it is my duty to sum up to you. In doing so, I will direct you on matters of law, which you must accept and act upon. On matters of fact however, what evidence to accept and what evidence to reject, these are matters entirely for you to decide for yourselves. So if I express my opinion on the facts of the case, or if I appear to do so, then it is entirely a matter for you whether you accept what I say or form your own opinions. Y ou are the judges of fact. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 2. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Both Counsels have made submissions to you, about how you should find the facts of the case. That is in accordance with their duties as State and Defence Counsels. Their submissions were designed to assist you, as the judges o f fact. However, you are not bound by what they said. It is you who are the representatives of the community at this trial, and it is you who must decide what happened in this case, and which version of the evidence is reliable. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 3. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 You will not be asked t o give reasons for your opinions, but merely your opinions themselves and need not be unanimous. Your opinions are not binding on me, but I will give them the greatest weight, when I deliver my judgment. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 B. THE BURDEN AND STANDARD OF PROOF \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 4. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 As a matter of law, the onus or burden of proof rest on the prosecution throughout the trial, and it never shifts to the accused. There is no obligation on the accused to prove his innocence. Under our system of criminal justice, an accused person is presumed to be innocent until he is proved guilty. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 5. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 The standard of proof in a criminal trial, is one of proof beyond reasonable doubt. This means that you must be satisfied, so that you are sure of the accused\rquote s guilt, before you can express an opinion that he is guilty. If you have any reasonable doubt about his guilt, then you must express an opinion, that he is not guilty. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 6. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Your decision must be based exclusively upon the evidence which you have heard in this Court, and upon nothing else. You must disregard anyth ing you might have heard about this case outside of this courtroom. You must decide the facts without prejudice or sympathy, to either the accused or the Police Department. Your duty is to find the facts based on the evidence, and to apply the law to thos e facts. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 C. }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 THE INFORMATION \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 7. The accused, Satya Nand, is charged with three counts; first, "larceny by}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 servant", contrary to section 274 (b)(i) of the Penal Code, chapter 17;}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 second, "attempted larceny," contrary to sections 274(b)(i) and 382 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the Penal Code, and third, "forgery", contrary to section 336(3)(g) of the}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Penal Code. \par \par 8. On the first count, it was alleged that between the 7th January 2003 and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 29th January 2004, at Suva in the Central Division, whilst being}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 employed as an exhibit writer in the Fiji Police Force, stole from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit room at Central Police Station, the sum of $22,900. On the}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 second count, it was alleged that between the 7th January 2003 and 29th}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 January 2004, at Suva in the Central Division, whilst being employed as}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 an exhibit writer in the Fiji Police Force, attempted to steal from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit room at Central Police Station, the sum of $61,000. On the third}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 count, it was alleged that on 19th June 2003, at Suva in the Central}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Division, with intend to defraud, forged the signature of Vijendra Singh}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 on the exhibit register, belonging to the Fiji Police Force. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 D. THE MAIN ISSUES \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 9. The following issues arises for determination:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) Did Satya Nand, while employed as a police exhibit writer, steal}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $22,900 from the Central Police Station exhibit room, between}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the 7th January 2003 and 29th January 2004?}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) Did Satya Nand, while employed as a police exhibit writer,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 attempted to steal $61,000 from the Central Police Station exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 room, between the 7th January 2003 and 29th January 2004?}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) Did Satya Nand, on 19th June 2003, at Suva in the Central}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Division, with intent to defraud, forged the signature of Vijendra}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Singh on the exhibit register, which is the property of the Fiji}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Police Force? \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 E. THE OFFENCE AND ITS ELEMENTS \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 10. For the accused to be found guilty of "larceny by servant", on count}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 No.1, the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 following elements:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) The accused, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) whilst being employed in the public service of the State, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) steals \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iv) any money \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (v) in the possession of the State \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 11. In law, stealing is the act of taking away someone\rquote s property or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 properties, without his permission, and with an intention to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 permanently deprive the owner, of the ownership of that property or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 properties. State, as mentioned above, means any Department or organ}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of the State, for example, as in this case, the Police Force. \par \par 12. On count No.2, for the accused to be found guilty of "attempted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 larceny", the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt, the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 following elements: \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) the accused \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) attempted to \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) steal \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iv) any money \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (v) in the possession of the State. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 13. In law, attempt is defined as follows. When a person, intending to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 commit an offence, begins to put his intention into execution by means}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 adapted to its fulfillment, and manifest his intention by some overt act,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 but does not fulfill his intention to such an extent as to commit the}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 offence, he is deemed to attempt to commit the offence. It is immaterial}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 whether the offender does all that\rquote s necessary on his part for completing}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the commission of the offence, or whether the complete fulfillment of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 his intention is prevented by circumstances independent of his will, or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 whether he desists of his own motion from the further prosecution of his}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 intention (section 380, Penal Code). Stealing has the same meaning}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 ascribed to it in paragraph 11. \par \par 14. On count No.3, for the accused to be found guilty of "forgery", the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt the following elements:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) the accused \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) with intent to defraud or deceive \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) forged \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iv) the signature of Vijendra Singh \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (v) on the exhibit register, belonging to the Fiji Police Force, and documentary evidence by law. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par In law, forgery is the making of a false document in order that it may be}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 used as genuine. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 F. THE PROSECUTION\rquote S CASE \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 15. It began as follows. On 6th December 2002, an Amourguard Truck}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 carrying ANZ Bank cash of $725,000, was robbed at the Village Six}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Cinema, by some armed robbers. The truck was delivering cash to an}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 ATM machine. During the robbery, $525,000 was stolen, and $200, 00}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 was left behind in the truck. The matter was reported to Central Police}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Station, and a major investigation was carried out. \par \par 16. The $200,000 in the truck was returned to ANZ. A suspect was later}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 arrested. $83,900 cash was seized from the suspect\rquote s house. This was}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 believed to have being stolen from the Amourguard Truck. On 4th}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 January 2003, the $83,900 cash was put in the Central Police Station}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit room, as evidence against the suspect\rquote s future trial. \par \par 17. On 4th January 2003, Constable Abhay Nand, was the exhibit writer. It}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 was his duty to care for and record the movements of the exhibits. He}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 received the $83,900 exhibit, counted it, recorded it in the exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 register, packed it in two paper bags and sealed the same with wax. In}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 May 2003, Constable Abhay Nand handed over the role of exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 writer to the accused. The $83,900 exhibit was still in the exhibit room. \par \par 18.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 On 19th June 2003, the accused, as the police exhibit writer, made}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 some written entries in the exhibit register serial number 4/03. In his}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 first entry on column 8, headed "How disposed of station officer\rquote s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 initials and date", he wrote "$28,000 cash was taken by Vijendra}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Singh". On column 9, headed "number and date of receipt or signature}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of recipient", was written a signature of V. Singh, dated 19.06.03. The}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 accused said, he witnessed the entries made above. \par \par 19. On the accused\rquote s second entry in the exhibit register, in column 8, he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 wrote "cash of $55,900 was taken by Vijendra Singh and he dated it}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 19.6.03". On column 9, the signature of a "V. Singh" and dated}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 19.6.03" was written on it. The accused said, he witnessed the entries}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 made above. \par \par 20. In January 2004, the police audited the exhibit room. Out of the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $83,900 exhibit in the exhibit room, $22,900 was missing. Only}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $61,000 cash was in the exhibit room. One of the sealed money paper}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 bags had been tampered with. The entries in the exhibit register were}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 not done properly, and as a result, it raised numerous suspicions. The}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 entries were not carried out to the letter. There were no proper reasons}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 for the purported release of the money mentioned in column 8. The}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 release was not witnessed by an Assistant Superintendent of Police, or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 an officer of a higher rank, as required. The police checked with Mr. V.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Singh of ANZ Bank, and he said he didn\rquote t receive any $22,900 from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 accused, on 19.6.03. According to Mr. V. Singh, the accused admitted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 to him on 30th January 2004 that he took the $22,900. \par \par 21. According to the prosecution, the accused stole the $22,900 from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit room, and was planning to steal the $61,000, when the matter}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 was discovered. The prosecution also alleged that, the accused forged}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the signature of the Mr. Vijendra Singh on the exhibit register, to assist}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 him in stealing the $22,900, and to aid in his plans to steal the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 remaining $61,000. According to the prosecution, he was paid to care}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 for the exhibits, but instead stole $22,900, and was planning to steal the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 next $61,000. That was the case for the prosecution. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 G. THE ACCUSED\rquote S CASE \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 22. The accused gave evidence on oath. He was a police officer with vast}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 experience. He joined the Police Force in 1976 and was discharged}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 from the Police on 9th April 2009. In 33 years in the Police, he rose to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the rank of corporal. He worked in various branches of the police, ie.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 uniform, traffic, crime, prosecution and as an exhibit writer. \par \par 23. He admitted he was the exhibit writer, in this case, at the material time.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 He admitted he made entries in the exhibit register in Serial No. 4/03,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and filled in both columns 8 and 10. He totally denied the allegations}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 against him. He said, Mr. Vijendra Singh of ANZ Bank took the $22,900}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 from him in the exhibit room at Central Police Station, and he signed}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 column 9 of the exhibit register on 19th June 2003. He admitted he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 witnessed the signatures in column 10. He also admitted he released}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the $22,900 without the presence of a senior police officer. He said, he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 was instructed to release the money by his superior, Inspector Tevita}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Lesu. \par \par 24. Although, now Assistant Commissioner of Police, Tevita Lesu denied}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 giving the accused the necessary authority to release any money to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 anyone. The accused said, Mr. Lesu was wrong. He said the same for}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Mr. Vijendra Singh, who denied taking $22,900 from the accused, on}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 19th June 2003, and denied signing "V. Singh" in column 9, Serial No.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 4/03, in the exhibit register. That was the case for the defence. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 H. ANALYSIS OF THE EVIDENCE \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 25. In this case, when considering the evidence of the eight prosecution}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 witnesses, and the accused\rquote s evidence, the following material facts}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 appeared not disputed:}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) on 6th December, 2002, an armourguard truck carrying ANZ}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $725,000 cash for the ATM, was robbed by armed elements at}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Village Six Cinema, and $525,000 was stolen. $200,00 was left}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 in the truck, and was later returned by police to ANZ Bank.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) A major police investigation was carried out, and one suspect\rquote s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 house was raided and searched by police, and $83,900 cash}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 recovered. This was put in the exhibit room at Central Police}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 } {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Station on 4th January 2003.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) On 4th January 2003, then Constable Abhay Nand was the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit writer at Central Police Station. His job was to care for}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 the exhibits, and record its movements in the exhibit register.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Constable Nand counted the $83,900, and packed them in two}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 paper bags and sealed the same with wax.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iv) In May 2003, then Constable Abhay Nand handed over the role}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of exhibit writer to the accused. The accused, in his new role,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 accepted the $83,900, which was in the exhibit room.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (v) On 19th June 2003, the accused, as exhibit writer, made some}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 entries in the exhibit register [Prosecution Exhibit No. 7] in}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 serial}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 no. 4/03. The register contains a copy of the police search}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 list, which contain the serial nos. of the notes amounting to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $83,900.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 The list are divided into two, ie., one containing}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $28,000, and one containing $55,900.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (vi) In Serial No. 4/03, there are 3 columns of 8, 9 and 10. Column 8}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 is headed "How disposed of, station officer\rquote s initials and date".}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 The accused admitted making two entries in column 8. In one,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 he wrote "$28,000 cash was taken by Vijendra Singh of audit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and compliance ANZ Bank 7th Floor on 19.6.03". In another,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 he wrote "cash of $55,900 was taken by Vijendra Singh of audit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and compliance ANZ House 7th Floor on 19.6.03". \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (vii) Column 9 is headed "Number and date of receipt or Signature}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of recipient". The signature "V. Singh 19.6.03" is written}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 thereunder. In column 10 headed "Signature of Police Officer}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 } {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 witnessing", the accused admitted, he witnessed both entries in}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 column 10 himself.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (viii) In January 2004, the police conducted an audit of the exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 room. They found $22,900 missing and $61,000 left from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $83,900 exhibit, in the exhibit room. The sealed money paper}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 } {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 bag containing $83,900 had been tampered with. The entries}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 in the exhibit register were not properly done, and as a result,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 numerous suspicions were raised. The proper reasons for the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 release of money were not recorded. The release of money}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 were}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 not witnessed by an Assistant Superintendent of Police,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 or an}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 officer of high rank.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ix) The accused, was the police exhibit writer, when the above}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 problems surfaced. He admitted, that he signed off the $83,900}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 in the exhibit register serial no. 4/03 without the presence of a}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 senior officer. He admitted, that is not the procedure. He admitted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 he was interdicted in September 2004, and discharged from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 police on 9th April 2009. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 26. As a result, as a matter of law, you may take the above facts, as proven}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 beyond reasonable doubt by the prosecution. They were not disputed}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 facts. \par \par 27. The obvious difficulty for the prosecution in this case is that no witness}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 or witnesses said, they saw the accused stealing the $22,900 from the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 exhibit room, or attempting to steal $61,000 from the exhibit room, or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 forging Vijendra Singh\rquote s purported signature in column 9 of the exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 register, serial no. 4/03. \par \par 28. The prosecution had openly admitted that they are relying on}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 circumstantial evidence to convict the accused. Circumstantial evidence}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 is inferring facts from proven facts. For example, A and B are in a closed}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 room. Outside witnesses heard a heated argument between the two,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and a gunshot sound. When they opened the room, A is found holding}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 a pistol, and B lying in a pool of bl ood on the floor. No-one saw A}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 shoot B with the pistol he\rquote s holding. Given the above facts, it could}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 safely be inferred that A shot B with the pistol he was holding,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 although no-one actually saw A shoot B with the pistol. Such inference}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of fact is termed circumstantial evidence. \par \par 29. In this case, there are two competing version of events. From the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 prosecution point of view, the accused was the exhibit writer, at the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 material time. He admitted, the $83,900 was in the exhibit room, at the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 time. It was his duty to care for and make proper records in the exhibit}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 register, of the movements and/or disposal of the $83,900 exhibit. He}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 admitted, filling in column 8 and 10 twice in the exhibit register serial}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 no. 4/03, on 19th June 2003. In the register, it was recorded that a total}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 of $83,900 had been taken by Vijendra Singh of audit and compliance}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 ANZ Bank 7th Floor. Vijendra Singh denied the above in his evidence.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Mr. Singh said, the accused rang him on his mobile phone, on 30th}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 January 2004, and told him he took t he $22,900. He asked Mr. Singh to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 lie for him, because he might loose his job. If he didn\rquote t help him out, he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 might commit suicide. The State is asking you assessors, as judges of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 fact, to infer from the above and the undisputed facts that: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) the accused stole the $22,900 from the exhibit room, because he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 was the exhibit writer, and in control over it, at the time; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) the accused attempted to steal the $61,000 left in the exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 room, given his entries in column 8 and 10 of the exhibit register,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 serial no. 4/03, showing the purported disposal of a total of}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $83,900 and given the definition of "attempt" in paragraph 13}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 hereof; and \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) the accused forged the signature of V. Singh, on 19th June 2003,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 to assist him dispose off the total $83,900 exhibit. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 30. The accused, on the other hand, denies all the allegations against him.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 He said, he didn\rquote t steal the $22,900. He said, Vijendra Singh of ANZ}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Audit and Compliance took the $22,900 from the exhibit room from}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 him. He said, Mr. Singh then signed column 9 twice in the exhibit}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 register, serial no. 4/03. He said, at no time did he attempt to steal the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $61,000. The same was still in the exhibit room. He said, he never}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 forged the signature of Vijendra Singh. He said, Vijendra Singh himself}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 signed column 9 of the exhibit register, serial no. 4/03. \par \par 31. The two central figures in this case is Mr. Vijendra Singh of ANZ Bank}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and the accused himself, the exhibit writer, at the material time. You}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 have seen and heard both witnesses give evidence in court, and I am}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 sure you have carefully examine their demeanors in court \endash that is, the} {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 way they gave evidence in court, were they evasive as witnesses? How}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 they dress and their general behavior in court. You have also heard the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 other prosecution witnesses. You are experienced members of our}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 community, and in your life, you make decisions everyday on whether}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 or not to accept what other people say, or decide who is and who is not}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 a credible person. You bring that life experience into the courtroom,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and with the evidence discus sed, and the direction of law given and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 your common sense, you decide which version of events you think}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 credible \endash is it the prosecution\rquote s, or is it the accused? \par \par If you think the prosecution has proven the accused\rquote s guilt beyond}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 reasonable doubt, you must find him guilty as charged on all counts. If}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 you think the accused\rquote s evidence gives you a reasonable doubt on his}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 guilt, you must find him not guilty as charged on all counts. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 I. SUMMARY \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par 32. In summary, the resolution to this case, depends really, on your}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 acceptance or otherwise of Mr. Vijendra Singh\rquote s or Mr. Satya Nand\rquote s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 evidence. If you are satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that Mr. Satya}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Nand stole the $22,900 exhibit, attempted to steal the $61,000 exhibit,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 and forged Mr. Vijendra Singh\rquote s signature on 19.6.03 in the exhibit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 register, you must find him guilty as charged on all counts. If you are}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 not satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that Mr. Satya Nand stole the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 $22,900 exhibit, attempted to steal the $61,000 and forged Mr.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Vijendra Singh\rquote s signature on 19.6.03 in the exhibit register, you must}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 find him not guilty as charged on all counts. \par \par 33. Your possible opinions are: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (i) Count No.1}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 - Guilty or Not Guilty \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (ii) Count No.2}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 - Guilty or Not Guilty \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 (iii) Count No.3}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 - Guilty or Not Guilty \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par You may retire to deliberate. The clerks will advise me when you have}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 reached your decisions, and we will reconvene, to receive them. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 Salesi Temo \par ACTING JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3047087 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3047087\charrsid3047087 \par AT Suva \par 29th January 2010}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1972231\charrsid3047087 \par }}