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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CIVIL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 CIVIL APPEAL NO. HBA01 OF 2009 \par (On appeal from the Master in Action No. 458 of 1993) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 BETWEEN:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 A MITCHELL GAY}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 FIRST APPELLANT \par }\pard \ql 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\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 THE CADLE COMPANY}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 SECOND RESPONDENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318\charrsid1594318 AND: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 LEINANI BORTLES }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 and}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 LARRY \par LYNEL BORTLES}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 THIRD RESPONDENT}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4285247\charrsid1594318 S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par Mr S Valenitabua for the Appellants \par Mr }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid1594318 S Banuve }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 First and }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid1594318 Second}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 Respondents}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid1594318 Ms P Narayan }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 Third }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid1594318 Respondent}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4285247\charrsid1594318 s}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12733472\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 DECISION}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15170997\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 On 31 March 200}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 9}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 the Master of the High Court made the following orders on the hearing of a Summons for Summary Judgment dated 11 August 2008 in Action No. 458 of 1993: \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 Summary Judgment be entered a gainst the First Defendants in terms on the grounds contained in the affidavit of Jeanne Isler sworn and filed in support of this application on the following terms: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9987799\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 Damages in the amount of US$2}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 ,}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 878}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 ,}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 910.65 and interest at the rate of 7.02% per annum from 4 May 1991 and late charges in the amount of US$742}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 ,}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 002.39 and costs; and}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 Damages in the amount of US$954}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 ,}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 375.00 and $18,213.00 representing costs and Attorney\rquote s fees and interest at the rate of 3.41% from 26 August 1992; and \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 An order that the Plaintiffs retain caveats on the title of the }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 properties of the First Defendants and each of them have sole ownership and control being CT6684 being Lot 1 on DP1277 pending realization of the }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 judgment }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 debt; and}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12999921\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 The costs of and incidental to this action on an Attorney-Client basis.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 \par The First Defendants in that Action were named as Leinani Bortles and Larry Lynel Bortles who are now named as Third Respondents in the proceedings presently before the Court. \par \par The Summons for Summary Judgment was in fact}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 dated 13 August 2008 and filed on the same day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 It was filed by the legal practitioners acting for the First and Second Plaintiffs and was addressed to the First Defendants at their address in the }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 Philippines}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 Orders were made to effect service of the Summons on the First Defendants.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15737216\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 \par The Summons sought an order for summary judgment }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 against the Defendant on the grounds contained in the affidavit of Jeanne Isler sworn and filed herein in support of this application. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 The Amended Statement of Claim dated 12 September 2006 claimed that the First Defendants were liable to the Plaintiffs for judgment debts being monies ordered to be paid to the Plaintiffs by the First Defendants as a result of two final judgments by the U nited States District Court for the District of Colorado on 3 May 199}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 and 25 August 1992. \par \par The First Defendants did not file a Defence to the Amended Statement of Claim, although a Defence had been delivered to the Statement of Claim. \par \par The Plaintiffs\rquote Affidavit in support deposed to the facts pleaded in the Statement of Claim and to the background facts that lead to the court proceedings in the United States.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 Significantly the deponent pointed out that the First Defendants had not appealed the final judgment}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 of the District Court. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid1594318 The proceedings before the Master proceeded in the absence of the First Defendants since service of the documents had been established.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16658908\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid1594318 \par Although not a party to the application, the Master\rquote s Order indicated that Counsel for the Second and Third Defendants (A Mitchell Gay and Alan C Beall being the Appellants in the present proceedings) }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 were present}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid1594318 . \par \par By Notice and Grounds of Appeal, the Appellants (being the Second and Third Defendants in the principal action) appealed to this Court against the Master\rquote s Orders. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 The present proceedings are concerned with the appeal against the Master\rquote s orders.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 The Notice of Appeal was filed on 28 April 2009.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5902451\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 \par At the outset, there are three observations that need to be made in relation to th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 background material. \par \par First, the Amended Statement of Claim filed on 12 September 2006 added three further Defendants (although a Notice of Discontinuance was subsequently filed in respect of the Fourth Defendant).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 However the particulars pleaded in the Amended Statement of Claim make no allegations against any of the added Defendants and nor is any relief sought against any of the added Defendants.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 The Amended Statement of Claim }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 remained }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 in effect a claim against the First Defendants.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 The }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 reasons for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 filing }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 the Amended Statement of Claim }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 for }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 the additional parties }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 being joined }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 are not readily apparent from the Court file. \par \par Secondly, the proceedings before the Master were commenced by a summons for summary judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 Although not stated, the title suggest s that the application was made under Order 14 of the High Court Rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 Order 14 Rule 1 expressly provides conditions precedent for proceeding under Order 14.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 One of those is that }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 a Defendant has given notice of intention to defend the action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 However th e affidavit sworn by Jeanne Isler in support of the application for summary judgment states in clause 14 that as at the date of swearing }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 no response by way of a Defence to the Amended Statement of Claim has been received from the First Defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 Althou gh not on the Court file presently before me, and although not referred to in the affidavit in support of summary judgment, it would appear that the application proceeded before the Master on the basis that the First Defendants had filed a Defence to the Stat}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 e}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 ment of Claim and as a result }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 there was }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 n}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 option}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 to file an amended defence under Order 20 Rule 3 (2) of the High Court Rules.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 It can be assumed that an amended Defence was not filed because the substantive }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 particulars and claim in respect of the First Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 had not been }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 substantively }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 amended.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2193217\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 \par Thirdly, it is not apparent on what basis Counsel for the Second and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4291548\charrsid1594318 T}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 hird Defendants }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 sought to be}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386\charrsid1594318 heard by the Master on an application by the Plaintiffs for summary judgment against the First Defendants. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 By Summons filed on 23 August 2009 the Appellants applied for leave to amend the Notice of Appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 The amended grounds of appeal are set out in a document attached to the Summons.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 There was no affidavit in support of the application filed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956386 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 Although there were other interlocutory applications pending in relation to the appeal proceeding}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 , the parties agreed that the Summons filed on 25 August 2009 applying for an order to amend the Notice of Appeal should be heard first as it would enable the parties to make submissions on }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 two}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 preliminary issues.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 The first issue was whether the Appellants could bring an appeal against a decision of the Master in respect of interlocutory proceedings to which they were not a party.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 The second issue was whether the Appellants had failed to comply with the Court of Appeal Rules and whether the Appeal should be deemed to have been abandoned. \par \par In order to determine the first preliminary issue it is appropriate to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11214521\charrsid1594318 set}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 out the proposed amended grounds of appeal: \par \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 1.}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in failing to adjourn this matter for six (6) weeks to allow the 2nd Defendant to be substituted as a party to this proceedings since the 2nd Defendant is now deceased.}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3942235\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 2.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THAT the Learned Master erred in law and in fact in that he failed to consider the Appellants\rquote counsel\rquote s representation that more time is needed to obtain proper instructions from the Appellants due to their residence in the United States of America. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 3.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in failing to take into consideration that the Appellants\rquote counsel, in carriage of this matter Mr Hamendra Nagin was away overseas and did not return until 16th April 2009. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 4.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THAT the Learned Master erred in law and in fact in failing to consider counsel\rquote s representation that only on Mr }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 Hamendra}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 Nagin\rquote s return will an Affidavit in Opposition to Summary Judgment be filed by the Appellants. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 5.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in failing to consider any of the Appellants\rquote counsel\rquote s valid grounds for asking for a 6 (six) weeks adjournment. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 6.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in making an Unless Order without considering the Appellants\rquote position to the effect the entrance of a Summary Judgment against the 3rd Respondent/1st Defendant in the Court below will have on the present Appellants. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 7.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in entering Judgment based on a U.S. Judgment which had already expired and was unenforceable. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 8.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THAT the Learned Master erred in law and in fact in entering judgment when it was contrary to the provisions of the Reciprocal Judgments Enforcement Act, Cap. 39 and/or Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcements) Act, Cap. 40. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 9.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 erred in law and in fact in entering Judgment in Fiji in a matter when the cause of action arose in United States of America.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5329679\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 10.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 THE Learned Master erred in law and in fact in entering summary judgment after so may years and when the matter was ready for trial.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "} {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 In considering thes e proposed amended grounds of appeal, it is important to note first of all that the amended Statement of Claim does not plead any particulars against the present appellants (as Second and Third Defendants) nor was any relief sought against them.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13390950\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 \par The first five grounds are concerned with the Master\rquote s refusal to allow the Appellants to become involved in the application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 Ground six concerns the Master\rquote s refusal or failure to consider how the appellants will be affected by the entry of judgment against the First Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 The remaining grounds relate to the propriety of the Master\rquote s Orders and are grounds that would normally form the basis of an appeal by the First Defendants themselves. \par \par Under Order 59 Rule 8 an appeal shall lie from a final order or judgment of the Master to a single judge of the High Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6106214\charrsid1594318 The question is who may exercise that right of appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 The Second and Third Defendants were not a party to the application although they were named as Defendants on the Amended Statement of Claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 It would appear, for reasons that were not made clear to me, that they were served with a copy of the Summons and the affidavit in support.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 Be that as it may, they were still not parties to the application and therefore the Defence filed on their behalf on 27 October 2006 was not at risk as a result of the application.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 They were not in a position where they had to seek leave to defend the action under Order 14 Rule 4 (3). \par \par However it is relevant to ask whether the Second and Third Defendants were in any way affected or aggrieved by the Master\rquote s Orders. \par \par In the amended Statement of Claim, not only are the Plaintiffs claiming amounts by way of judgment debts, they are also seeking orders in relation to property }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 being }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 CT6684 being Lot 1 on DP1277 (the land). \par \par As part of their Defence, the Second and third Defendants have made a counter claim against the Plaintiffs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 The particulars are inadequate and disclose no connection between the entities referred to in the counter claim (Fiji Marina Partners and Fiji Pacific Partners) and the First Defendants and the Second and Third Defendant.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 There is impliedly a claim that the Second and Third Defendants have an equitable interest in the land. \par \par The orders being sought by the Plaintiff in relation to the land did not form part of the judgment obtained in the District Court of Colorado in the United States. \par \par It would follow, however, that the Second and Third Defendants, as a result of the allegations, yet to be established, in the counter claim, are to some extent affected and aggrieved by the Master\rquote s Orders.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 Having}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 been served with a copy of the summons and the affidavit in support, the Second and Third Defendants sought to be heard.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 It is my opinion that t hey had sufficient interest in the relief sought against the First Defendants in so far as the land was concerned to be heard as to how any order for summary judgment in relation to the land might affect their claim of an equitable interest.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7144776\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \par As a result I am satisfied that they have sufficient standing to appeal the Orders of the Master on grounds one to s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14756003\charrsid1594318 ix}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 in the amended grounds of appeal. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 However I do not consider that they have any standing to pursue grounds seven to nine.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 Those grounds are related solely to the monetary awards made by the District Court of Colorado.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 There was no reference to any land in those two judgments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 Grounds seven to nine are matters for the First Defendants alone.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 The Second and Third Defendants did not raise in their Defence }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713139\charrsid1594318 any }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 issues arising under}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 those grounds. \par \par The second question is whether the appellants have complied with the Rules that are applicable for appealing the Master\rquote s Orders.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 The relevant rules are set out in Order 59 Part II of the High Court Rules and state: \par \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 9.}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 An appeal from an order or judgment of the Master shall be filed and served within the following period:- \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 21 days from the date of the delivery of an order or judgment; or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \'85. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \par It was accepted by the parties that the Master\rquote s decision was a final judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 It is clear that a judgment or order may be final even though it is made on an interlocutory application such as an application under Order 14 for summary judgment (}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 AG v. Great Eastern Railway Co.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 (1880) 5 App. Cas. 473 HL).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4852227\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 \par Rule 10 states: \par \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 10.}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 (1)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 An application to enlarge the time period for filing and }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12549142\charrsid1594318 serving notice of appeal or cross-appeal may be made to the Master before the expiration of that period and to a single jud ge after the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 expiration of that period.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8352824\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 (2)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 An application under paragraph (1) shall be made by way of an inter partes summons supported by affidavit. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 Rule 17 states: \par \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 17.}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 (1)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 The appellant shall, upon serving the notice of appeal on the party or parties to the appeal, file an affidavit of service within 7 days of such service.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14554636\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 (2)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 The appellant shall, within 21 days of the filing of notice of appeal, file and serve a summons returnable before a Judge for directions and a date for the hearing of the appeal. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 (3)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 If this rule is not complied with, the appeal is deemed to have been abandoned.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 "}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 In these proceedings, the Master\rquote s Orders were made on 31 March 2009 and sealed by the Chief Registrar on 3 April 2009. \par \par The affidavit of service sworn by Esita Vocea on 1 May 2009 deposes that the Notice and Grounds of Appeal was served on the Plaintiffs on 29 April 2009.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 The Notice had been filed in the Court on 28 April 2009. \par \par It was served (and for that matter filed) more than 21 days after the delivery of the summary judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 It was therefore out of time.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 There was no material before me to suggest that the appellants had applied for an enlargement of the time by either of the means for which provision is made in Rule 10. \par \par The affidavit of service of the Notice was filed on 1 May 2009 and was therefore within the time limit prescribed by Rule 17 (1). \par \par Under Rule 17 (2) the appellants were required to file and serve a summons for directions within 21 days of filing the Notice of Appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 Since the Notice of Appeal was filed on 28 April 2009, the Summons for directions was required to be filed by 19 May 2009.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 It was accepted by the parties that the summons for dir}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 e}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 ctions was not filed until }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 11 June 2009.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5452289\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 \par Counsel for the appellants sought to give an explanation from the bar table concernin}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 g the closure of the registry }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 following the events of early April 2009}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 However }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 there was no affidavit material before me setting out any }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 relevant}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 facts as to how and when}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 this affected the appellants and any attempts made to file such a summons between 1 May 2009 when the affidavit of service was accepted for filing and 11 June 2009 when the summons was filed.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5709321\charrsid1594318 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 \par The Rules in Part II of Order 59 have imposed a strict timetable for the filing and serving of documents at the Registry and on the Respondents.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 The purpose of the Rules was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 obviously}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 to avoid delay at the interlocutory stage of civil proceedings and to make such appeals more efficient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 The provision in Rule 17 (3) that failure to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 follow}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 Rules 17 (1) and 17 (2) leads to an automatic abandonment of the appeal is intended to operate as a deterrence in respect of delay (see }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 Ports Authority of Fiji \endash v- G. T Marketing Limited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 unreported Civil Appeal (Shameem JA) No. 4 of 2001 delivered 22 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 February}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 2001). \par \par As a result I find that the appeal is deemed to have been abandoned under Rule 17 (3) as a result of non-compliance with Rule 17 (2).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 I also find that the Notice of Appeal was not }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 filed}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 within the time prescribed by Rule 9 and that }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 no}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14756003\charrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 application was made under Rule 10.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1594318 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 There was no explanation provided for non-compliance with those Rules. \par \par Therefore I order: \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 The summons applying for an order for Leave to amend the grounds of appeal is dismissed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13779406\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5649583\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 The appeal notice filed on 28 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12609591\charrsid1594318 April}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 2009 is deemed to have been abandoned. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713139\charrsid1594318 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li900\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 The appellants are to pay to the First and Second Respondents }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713139\charrsid1594318 the sum of $300 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 and to the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16713139\charrsid1594318 Third}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 Respondents the sum of $300 (total $600.00). \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 W D Calanchini \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594318 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4024004\charrsid1594318 \par 26 February 2010 \par At Suva \par }}