{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f197\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f198\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f200\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f201\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f202\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f203\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f204\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f205\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;
\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;
\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \styrsid15800368 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive 
\ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \slink16 \styrsid15800368 header;}{\*\cs16 \additive \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon10 \slink15 \slocked \styrsid15800368 Char Char2;}{\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext17 \slink18 \styrsid15800368 footer;}{\*\cs18 \additive \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink17 \slocked \styrsid15800368 Char Char1;}{\*\cs19 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid15800368 page number;}{
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 \slink21 \ssemihidden \styrsid15800368 footnote text;}{\*\cs21 \additive 
\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink20 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid15800368 Char Char;}{\*\cs22 \additive \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \styrsid15800368 footnote reference;}{\*\cs23 \additive \ul\cf2 
\sbasedon10 \styrsid15800368 Hyperlink;}{\s24\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext24 \styrsid15800368 List Paragraph;}{
\s25\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext25 \styrsid15800368 normal1linespace;}}
{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax156\lsdlockeddef0}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid-539486178\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1287558902
\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid400949404}{\list\listtemplateid969722572\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-545365848\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid883635153}
{\list\listtemplateid396949810\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid802969084\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel
\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid996148024}{\list\listtemplateid-1054678824\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid1851449026\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \jclisttab\tx1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat2\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2131214908\'03(\'02);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li2340
\jclisttab\tx2340\lin2340 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1128008040}{\list\listtemplateid1360716088\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1882215300\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers
\'01;}\fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2
\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid1258295635}{\list\listtemplateid1360716088\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4
\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1882215300\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2
\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }
{\listname ;}\listid1642226616}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1128008040\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid996148024\listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid1258295635\listoverridecount0\ls3}{\listoverride\listid400949404
\listoverridecount0\ls4}{\listoverride\listid1642226616\listoverridecount0\ls5}{\listoverride\listid883635153\listoverridecount0\ls6}}{\*\revtbl {Unknown;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid398449\rsid811014\rsid862776\rsid1340368\rsid1377226\rsid1598413\rsid1972231\rsid2193419\rsid2309175
\rsid2371452\rsid2504626\rsid2506087\rsid3176464\rsid3422714\rsid3810279\rsid3822112\rsid3831056\rsid4160285\rsid4329331\rsid4331392\rsid4744076\rsid4815830\rsid4855016\rsid4931203\rsid5052173\rsid5062183\rsid5123780\rsid5592493\rsid6060947\rsid6160848
\rsid6163741\rsid6170903\rsid6308435\rsid6514138\rsid6782860\rsid6953338\rsid7366506\rsid7483118\rsid7555435\rsid7958375\rsid8016262\rsid8083724\rsid8270074\rsid8524331\rsid8598875\rsid8790013\rsid9189166\rsid9452663\rsid9455426\rsid9776131\rsid10043685
\rsid10712439\rsid10749241\rsid10766658\rsid11014019\rsid11292607\rsid11293349\rsid11355540\rsid11404427\rsid11813687\rsid11880640\rsid11928628\rsid12063525\rsid12081942\rsid12193586\rsid12211158\rsid12546474\rsid12921552\rsid12931985\rsid12983114
\rsid13002013\rsid13979088\rsid14055906\rsid14105686\rsid14108652\rsid14496123\rsid14501709\rsid14510136\rsid14695321\rsid14967201\rsid15032169\rsid15159555\rsid15297671\rsid15358066\rsid15405516\rsid15541791\rsid15560408\rsid15800368\rsid15864576
\rsid15945946\rsid16592213\rsid16597937\rsid16671932}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author ruddley_e}{\operator freriks_k}{\creatim\yr2010\mo7\dy12\hr13\min27}{\revtim\yr2010\mo7\dy13\hr15\min1}
{\version2}{\edmins10}{\nofpages27}{\nofwords11116}{\nofchars63362}{\*\company PacLII}{\nofcharsws74330}{\vern24689}}\paperw11909\paperh16834\margl2160\margr1152\margt1152\margb1080 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin2160\dgvorigin1152\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot15800368\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15800368 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15800368 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15800368 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15800368 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\sectd \psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7555435\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6163741 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\fs16\insrsid6163741\charrsid7555435  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {
\cs19\fs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid10766658 27}}}{\cs19\fs16\insrsid6163741\charrsid7555435 
\par }\pard \s15\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6163741 {\cs19\fs16\insrsid6163741\charrsid7555435 Mataka v NUHCTIE:   HBC 180 of 2007L
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6163741 {\fs20\insrsid6163741 
\par }{\fs20\insrsid6163741\charrsid11293349 
\par }}{\footer \pard\plain \s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6163741 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs16\insrsid6163741 
\par 
\par }}{\footerf \pard\plain \s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6163741 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs16\insrsid6163741 
\par 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Civil Action No: HBC 180 of 2007L
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 MIKAELE MATAKA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 

\par Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 AND:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 NATIONAL UNION OF HOSPITALITY CATERING & TOURISM INDUSTRIES EMPLOYEES
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 FINAL JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par Judgment of:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Inoke J.
\par 
\par Counsel Appearing}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr V Mishra for the Plaintiff
\par Mr D Naidu for the Defendant
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Solicitors}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mishra Prakash & Assocs for the Plaintiff}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Pillai Naidu & Assocs for the Defendant
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Dates}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  of Hearing: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
30 November 2009, 1 December 2009, 29 March 2010 and 16 April 2010}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par Date of Judgment: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 7 July 2010}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 INTRODUCTION
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 This is my judgment after trial of Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s action for damages for breach of his employment contract, damages for defamation and other incidental relief.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Mr Mataka was the former general secretary of the Defendant Union (the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Hotel Union}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'94 or }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Union}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'94).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He says that he was unlawfully dismissed on }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 19 March 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , humiliated and defamed in the process.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union says the reason for his termination was that its members lost confidence in Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s ability to look after their interests.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Union denies that it had defamed him and counter-claimed for damages caused by Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s failure to look after its members interests.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 CASE HISTORY
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Writ of Summons was filed on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 8 June 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
, the Defence and Counter-claim filed on 31 July 2007 and the Reply and Answer was filed on 15 August 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Summo
ns for Directions were filed on 23 August 2007 and the Order made on 12 September 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Pre Trial steps were completed and Minutes of the Pre Trial Conference were filed on 28 January 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Summons to enter the matter for trial was filed on 5 March 2008 and the matter was listed for hearing on 14 July 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It was further adjourned to 18 September 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It was only part heard by another judge and unfortunately the same judge retired so the matte came before me for hearing de novo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
That hearing commenced on 30 November 2009 and adjourned to 15 December for continuation but because of the cyclone it was further adjourned to January 200 2010.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The trial eventually resumed on 29 March 2010 and because of illness of the main witness for the Union, it was finally completed on 16 April 2010.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
After hearing evidence, Mr Mishra, counsel for the Plaintiff, had his written submission but Mr Naidu for the Union did not and asked for 14 days to file written submissions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mishra did not object so I allowed Mr Naidu the 14 days that he asked for and gave Mr Mishra 7 days thereafter to respond.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Naidu had not filed his submissions as he requested.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It is now nearly 3 months since the hearing finished so I have decided to write and deliver my judgment rather than delay it further.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE WRIT OF SUMMONS AND STATEMENT OF CLAIM
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff pleads in his Statement of Claim that he was employed as the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s General Secretary pursuant to a written contract of employment dated 1 September 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The contract was for 4 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was to be paid a salary and allowances for housing entertainment and subsistence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was also entitled to a mobile phone and motor vehicle, term life insurance, and annual and other leave entitlements.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His first cause of action is breach of contract and unlawful termination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His Statement of Claim states that he was elected to the position of General Secretary by the whole Union membership in August 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 On 19 March 2007 the Union issued him with a letter wrongfully terminating his employment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He alleges that the Union also breached his rights under the Employment Act.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not given life insurance in breach of the contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
His solicitors wrote to the Union on 29 March 2007 refuting the termination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He says that the Union breached its own Cons
titution because under section 40 of the Constitution, its National Executive Committee only had powers to suspend him and if suspended he had a right of appeal to an annual or extraordinary general meeting.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He gave particulars of unlawful termination as follows:
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not given proper notice before dismissed.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant did not provide any reason for the termination of the Plaintiff}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s employment in their letter dated 19 March 2007.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not informed of the complaints against him.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not given the opportunity to be heard before the termination decision was made.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not paid any leave pay, which he was entitled to as he had worked for over a year.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s Fiji National Provident Funs was not paid by the Defendant.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant did not pay PAYE tax for the Plaintiff.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s second cause of action is defamation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His Statement of Claim states that he had held import
ant and distinguished posts and status in society which included the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s General Secretary, Chairman of a local high school board of governors and chairman of his Parish Pastoral Council.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He alleges that the Union falsely wrote and published of him in its termination letter the following words:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I write in reference to the letter dated 13 March 2007 on behalf of the Executive Committee.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Committee has decided to terminate your contract with the National Union of Hotel and Catering with immediate effect.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  He further alleges that in the letter of 13 March 2007 addressed to the Executive Secretary, the Union falsely wrote and published of him the following words:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'85 our general secretary has }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 shown inabilities to perform}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to the expectations of the members \'85
 Paulini recorded the minutes of that meeting and the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 conduct of the GS was pathetic}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  at the least.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It is now a joke among the Management that }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
the GS does not know what he is doing}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Members expect the union to fight for them }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 not sell them}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  \'85 Members a
re threatening to resign from the union if the general secretary is not replaced.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 (The underlying is ours)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In their natural and ordinary meaning, the Plaintiff says, the underlined words meant and were understood to mean and by way of innuendo the said words meant:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not an effective worker.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not an efficient worker.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was an irresponsible and unreliable person and/or employee.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff did not perform and could not perform as a General Secretary since his employment.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was unfit to be an employee of the Defendant.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Other defamatory publications were issued by the Union in an article in the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Fiji Times}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  newspaper published on 22 March 2007 and an article in the internet on the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Fijilive}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  website with the words:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'85 The union}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s executive committee terminated his service on Monday citing non-performance of duties \'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He says that by reason of these publications, he was gravely injured in his character and reputation and has been brought into public scandal, odium and contempt, and has suffered damage.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Since his dismissal, he has not been able to obtain other employment, and has suffered and continues to suffer loss and damage.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He has asked for an apology but has not received one.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE DEFENCE AND COUNTER-CLAIM
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union admits that the Plaintiff had a contract of employment with it but denies that he was entitled to the benefits he claims.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union denies that it breached the contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It says that the Plaintiff acted against its members}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 interests and had received a letter of no confidence in the Plaintiff from its affiliate members for him failing to resolve disputes amicably.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union says that se
ction 40 of the Union Constitution gave the Executive Committee discretion to suspend but in any event the contract was terminated pursuant to section 34(ii) following a no confidence motion against the Plaintiff.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They say that the Plaintiff was told in a 
meeting at the Capricorn Hotel on 19 February 2007 to lift the standard of his performance within a month and failure to do so would result in his termination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They say that the Plaintiff knew of the reason for termination because he had been present in me
etings when the matter was discussed, e.g., end of January 2007, special executive committee meeting of 19 February 2007 and the special executive committee meeting of 9 November 2006 at the West Motor Inn.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union also says that the Plaintiff was not entitled to PAYE and FNPF because he was an independent contractor.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 As to the defamation claim, the Union denies that the words were defamatory and relies on the defence of fair comment and the Defamation Act 1971.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union alleges breach of con
tract by the Plaintiff by failing to administer the affairs of the Union effectively and efficiently, failing to advise the national executive committee on important issues, acting against its members}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  interests and failing to uphold its Constitution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The 
Union claims damages for loss.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE HEARING
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s evidence}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 PW1:}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mikaele Mataka
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
At the hearing the Plaintiff withdrew his claim for specific performance of the contract but maintained his claim for damages for breach and defamation.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka gave evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is 50 years old.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He started work in 1981 as a primary school teacher for about 23 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He resigned in October 2003 as a teacher and started work as the Assistant General Secretary for the Fiji Sugar and General Workers Union in that year, under Felix Anthony who was the General Secretary of that Union.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
When the National General Secretary to the Defendant Union died in January 2006, he was approached and he agreed to stand for the post that was left vacant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The elections took place in August 2006 and he was elected.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He signed the contract of employment with the Union on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 1 September 2006}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was given the office keys on that weekend and he started work on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
4 September 2006}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  in the Nadi office.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The contract is agreed document number 2.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He diarised}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn 
{\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  Plaintiff\rquote 
s Document (PD) 3.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  for that day the duties which he was to perform.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said his working relationship was good for 3 to 4 months before they started complaining about his performance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Because of the national crisis in December 2006, tourism numbers decreased and most of the unionised hotels (which he referred to as }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 properties\'94) faced problems.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Some had 50% to 60% reduction in occupancies.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
There were some two to three thousand members affected.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He had meetings with some of the properties including Accor, Mocambo, TradeWinds and Mana Island.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He renegotiated some employment conditions and some reinstated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He said he was criticised because he was putting in place cost cutting measures such as the use of the telephones, electricity and expenses of the executive committee in accordance with the Union Constitution.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He stopped expenses not authorised under the Constitution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He also stopped preparation of meals and drinking in the office and using members}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  funds.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
This was when they complained about his reviews to the executive Secretary, Felix Anthony.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He gave as an example Mana Island where he was able to negotiate the re-instatement of 4 workers without industrial action.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 These workers remained in employment but place somewhere else in the resort.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He confirmed receiving the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s letter of 19 March 2007}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD8.}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was signed by the Union President, Liviana Qoro.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The letter said:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I write in reference to the letter dated 13 M
arch 2007 on behalf of the Executive Committee. The committee has decided to terminate your contract with the National Union of hotel and catering with immediate effect.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
You are hereby requested to return all union property to the president in good order.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I would like to thank you for your services to the union.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Yours sincerely
\par [signed Liviana Qoro, President]
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Witness
\par [signed Paulini Disauca]
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He also confirmed having knowledge of the Union letter of 13 March 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That letter was written and signed by the Union President, Vice President and 10 Executive Committee members to Felix Anthony bringing to his attention }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 the various concerns shown by executives and the representatives of some properties\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The letter went on:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It 
is unfortunate to inform you that we are not happy with the manner in which our general secretary has been performing.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Our meeting on 19 February had decided that one more moth was to be given so that we can judge his performance, in addition to your commi
tment to our union to help us in the areas that our general secretary has shown inabilities to perform to the expectation of the members.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
We are aware of your busy schedule and accept that you will not have the time to resolve outstanding and new issues that arise due to the general secretary}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s capabilities or the lack of it.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The time has come in which we as executives must make decisions to abide with the collective wishes of our members.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Complaints from our members have never stopped.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Some have raised t
he issue of getting Mr Attar Singh to help us since our general secretary seem(s) to be working with management in some of the recent decision(s) he has made.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 One typical example is his agreement with Accor Management regarding Pauline.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The management dec
ided that Pauline was highly paid and should not receive the salary increase that was signed to be paid across the board.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Pauline is a member of the executive of the union and the management was victimizing her.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Instead of defending her general secretary a
greed with management on her being victimized.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Paulini recorded the minutes of that meeting and the conduct of the GS was pathetic at the least.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It is now a joke among the Management that the GS does not know what he is doing.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Members expect the union to fight for them not sell them.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It seems that giving him one month to judge his performance has not been seriously considered by him as he continues to disappoint members.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Members are threatening to resign from the union if the general secretary is not replaced.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 We ask your understanding of our plight.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The general secretary must be removed by the 19th March, as we no longer have any confidence in him.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 W
e thank your union for the time he has been seconded to us but we feel he is in need of more training so that he can serve members to the best of members}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  interest(s).}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Our members expect that the general secretary is someone who is experienced in the field of trade union work. It is not fair for the general secretary to accept the position while he knows that he is not ready for the task.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Some executives have spoken to Mr Urai who has indicated his willingness to assist us.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 For the sake of our union we mu
st make decision that will improve the services our members require and we know that you will agree to our appointment of Mr Urai as interim GS.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka denied that he agreed to the victimisation of Paulini Disauca as alleged in the letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he disagreed with the hotel management action and was in the process of taking it up with them when he was terminated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He also said that he had been a unionist since he started work in 1981.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was secretary of the Fiji Teachers Association, an Executive member of the Fijian Teachers Association and assistant general secretary of the Fiji Sugar and General Workers Union for 3 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he did his utmost best for his members. Not all the executive committee members signed the letter.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 4 April 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , the Union President wrote}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD 10}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s solicitors and said:
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I acknowledge receipt of your correspondence.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In all its intent and purpose the contract entered on the 1st
 day of September 2006 was have continued if Mr Mataka had performed in his capacity as General Secretary.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka is well aware of the reasons he was asked to step down.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
One month after his election, the Executives raised a letter of no confidence in Mr Mataka and had asked him to resign.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Executive Secretary intervened and requested the Executives to five Mr Mataka more time to prove himself.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
A meeting of Executives was held on the 19th of February at the Capricorn Hotel where Mr Mataka}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s inabili
ty to perform was seriously discussed and a unanimous decision reached by Executives for his removal.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was the Executive Committee}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s respect of the Executive Secretary that another month was given where his performance was hoped to have improved.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
With this understanding on both parties the Executives decided to seek his resignation when it was seen that his performance did not improve and members were threatening to resign and join a rival union.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was told of the reason to resign.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He opted to be given a termination letter with which we abided to his request.

\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In terms of your advise the following is our reply:
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 We have not breached any contract as contracts should be respected based on performance.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s performance was not to t
he expectation of the members of the union.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Your client}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s performance or the lack of it cannot warrant any indemnifying of costs.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He should apologise to the members for his role in working more towards the interests of management than the membership.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s24\ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 We have no more business to do with your client.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
We have not made any allegations, we merely reiterated statements of facts.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
If need be then we can get individuals who were directly affected by Mr Mataka}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s non-performance.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka denied 
that there was a letter of no confidence in him issued and that he was asked to resign one month after being elected.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He denied that he asked for a termination letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he told the executives to wait for the Executive Secretary who was overseas at t
he time but they did not.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He denies being incompetent.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 On 31 May 2007 the Union President, Liviana Qoro, wrote to the Registrar of Trade Unions as follows:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I herein write to inform my resignation from employment from Malolo Island Resort (copy attached).}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
As per our previous communication to your office I would be the Acting General Secretary of the Union till further Notice and the only person authorised to sign documents for the union.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The position of the Genera Secretary remains in dispute after the illegal termination of Mr Mikaele Mataka.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The position of the National President of the union remains vacant after my resignation.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
After an extra ordinary AGM which is due to be convened after a few moths the Union head office will advise your office of the necessary changes.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ms Qoro resigned from Malolo Island Resort and took over from Mr Mataka on 31 May 2007.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Her letter of resignation is dated the same date.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka said that Ms Qoro never discussed with him the opportunities that she wanted him to pursue with the Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he was not invited to the general meeting of the Union and was never asked to appear before the executive committee.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He worked over and above his contracted working hours.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was given a car and a mobile phone, subsistence and entertainment allowance and salary up to 19 March 2007. He was not paid for FNPF or PAYE and was not sure whether he received a housing allowance.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was unemployed for 3 weeks then started looking for work.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did not apply for re-instatement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was very upset when he got the letter of termination and did not want to go back because of the way he had been treated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 T
he news papers made it worse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said friends and many other people and relations called him.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They were upset themselves and surprised about the allegations in the papers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was chairman of Our Lady of Perpetual Help Parish Pastoral Council and a board member of the St Thomas High School in Lautoka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His colleagues could not believe this had happened to him.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
His previous position was Secretary for the Fiji General Workers Union for which he was paid $30,000, some $8,000 to $10,000 less than what he was paid by the Hotel Union.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
In cross examination he said he was assistant head teacher then head teacher of a school in Yasawa for 5 years before he resigned as a teacher in October 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said the reason he resigned was he got a better offer from another union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He confirmed that he got an overwhelming majority when he stood for the general secretary position in the Union.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He explained the duties of assistant general secretary, a position which he held prior to joining the Union, as attending t
o grievances, recruiting new members and negotiating logs of claims and working generally under the general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did the preparation work and the general secretary did the arbitration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He had not done any arbitration himself.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He held the position of assistant general secretary of the FSGWU from October 2003 to September 2006.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He went back to that union three weeks after his termination and took up his old posit with the same salary.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was taken back by the General Secretary, Felix Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He did not have to apply for the position.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Before he left FSGWU Felix Anthony gave him leave without pay for an indefinite period.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He now gets paid $33,000.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He gets a mobile phone and use of a motor vehicle, separate office, insurance but no entertainment or housing allowance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He has the same life insurance cover for $50,000 as he had with the Defendant Union.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
As for the Union letter of 13 March 2007, he agreed that only two executive members did not sign it but his counsel conceded that even though not all members signed, they all supported his client}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s dismissal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was shown the minutes of the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s 24th annual general meeting held on 11 May 2007 which confirmed that his appointment was terminated by the executive committee for his non-performance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The minutes also recorded that before termination, the executive committee after noting there was no improvement in Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s performance, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
collectively decided to suspend him pending further discussion\'94 with Felix Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The minutes also state
 that Mr Mataka requested that he be given a termination letter and he was then issued with the letter in accordance with his wishes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The decision was approved by the general meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He confirmed that Felix Anthony asked for him to be given more time so h
e could be assisted to improve his performance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka said he did not go to that AGM because he was not a hotel worker.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He saw no point in writing or talking to the same people that had terminated him.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 When asked about the meeting wit
h the Union President on the day he was terminated he said she came in with Ms Paulini and asked him to vacate the seat. His evidence was: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I said (to the Union President):}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 wait for Felix Anthony.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said she will bring villagers to remove me and made other threats.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I wanted to protect the reputation of the Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
There was no letter at this time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I didn}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 t want a scene.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 So I asked for a termination letter\'94.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [34]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He confirmed that he negotiated the re-instatement of the Mana Island workers who were suspend
ed or terminated for attending an unauthorised stop work meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
This followed a letter written to him by Mana Island Resort on 25 October 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He said the workers were not happy with what he had negotiated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was told by Felix Anthony that these worker
s wrote a letter of no confidence in November 2006 following this incident but was not given a copy of it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The letter spoke of the general secretary of being friendly with the hotel management and of him having no }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 professionalism and guts\'94.

\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [35]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He attended a special executive meeting on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 9 November 2006}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  at the West Motor Inn.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was shown a typed up copy of the Minutes.}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  Defendant\rquote s Documents (DD) page 10.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Minutes refer to a letter of no confidence on the general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 When asked to say a few words on it, the Minutes recorded that: }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The GS advised everyone present that he is here on a 1 year secondment from the FSGWU and he is not hard up for this job, and if we want to remove him he can always go back to FSGWU\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He agreed he did say that.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [36]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That meeting was followed by a meeting at the end of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
January 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  between the Union President, Mr Mataka and the Executive Secretary, Felix Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka confirmed that the Minutes}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p 13.}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  accurately recorded what was said in the meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Minutes recorded the dissatisfaction of the executive and the members generally with his performance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
They all agreed to arrange a special executive meeting on 19 February 2007.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [37]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That meeting was held at the Capricorn Hotel as scheduled on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
19 February 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Both he and Mr Anthony were present with the Union President and the executive members.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The special agenda for the meeting was his performance as general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He confirmed that the Minutes accurately record what was said in the meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Minutes recorded the several issues and concerns from the various branches and properties concerning him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He agreed that the members were not happy with him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Minutes also recorded the threat of members joining a rival union if the g
eneral secretary was not removed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The meeting agreed to accede to Mr Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s request to give him more time to prove himself.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They agreed to }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 give him another 1 month to perform and failure to comply with this, will leave us with no option but to terminat
e his services from the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'94.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [38]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He gave evidence of instances where he refused to grant members request for payment from Union funds because he was not authorised under the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s Constitution to do so.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he was told to be careful with Union f
unds and that was what he did.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [39]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He confirmed receiving the letter of termination of 19 March 2007.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [40]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Fiji Times article}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD6}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  on his sacking was published 3 days later on 22 March 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did not know who gave the information to the newspaper.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [41]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He did not agree that he did not suffer any loss.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He does not get as much pay now.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he was not given an option.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He agreed that Mr Anthony was his mentor and that it was he who suggested to him to take over the position after the previo
us general secretary died.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He had a lot of respect for Mr Anthony he said.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [42]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In re-examination he gave more details of what happened when he was terminated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he had his own office in the building owned by the Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Union President, Ms Qoro, and Ms Paulini knocked and opened the door to his office and sat down and told him that he had to leave immediately.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They were very forceful.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They said: }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 You get out now or I get villagers to come and get you.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he felt threatened and very upset.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He tried to calm them down.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His evidence was: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I did not ask to be terminated, but if that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s what they want then give me a termination letter\'94.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The letter was typed up by his secretary in his office.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He denied being friendly with management.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 PW2: Felix Anthony

\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [43]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Anthony is a trade unionist.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is the General Secretary of the FSGWU.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was also the executive secretary of the Hotel Union on an advisory capacity at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He has known Mr Mataka for many years.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was his assistant before being elected to the position with the Defendant Union sometime in 2006.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s performance was satisfactory according to Mr Anthony and he had no problems working with him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
In his opinion, Mr Mataka was experienced in union matters.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka handled many disputes although it was }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 difficult to give specific examples\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was seconded initially to the Hotel Union as general secretary with the intention that he would eventually leave FSGWU.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 After the Hotel Union posting Mr Mataka came to see him and he offered his position back.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s role was to pursue all workers interest in affiliates.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Hotel Union is an affiliate of FTUC.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Sometimes he dealt with differences between affiliates.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was asked by the national executive of the Union for an administrator and he gave them advice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was aware that Mr Mataka was elected according to s 60(a) of the Union Constitution and he worked closely with the Union whilst Mr Mataka held the post of general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He had seen Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s contract of employm
ent before. There was nothing unusual about it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He also knows the Union President, Ms Liviana Qoro.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There were some concerns raised with him about Mr Mataka but he believed they were resolved.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [44]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said most sectors were affected by the 2006 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 coup\'94 but
 more so in the tourism industry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The hotels were affected by the downturn in tourism so they reduced working hours and there was more }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 casualisation\'94 and reduction in manpower.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That was common knowledge.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was a very challenging time.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He played an advisory role in the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s issues.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He attended all their executive meetings, one of which was to discuss Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s performance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He only knew of his termination after it happened.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was overseas at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not consulted.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He had attended with Mr Mataka in meetings with workers and did not see any problems with him.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [45]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s management style was different from that of his predecessor, particularly with finances.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Union was in a poor financial position before Mr Mataka started.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Mr Anthony said he found this out after the previous general secretary had died.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was asked to get the Union back on its feet.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [46]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He attended with Mr Mataka when Ms Paulini had problems with Accor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The matter was satisfactorily resolved according to him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He said he did not believe that at any time Mr Mataka agreed with hotel management that his members be victimised.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [47]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Anthony was shown the minutes of the meeting of 19 February 2007}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p16.}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He said a lot more took place than was recorded.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said he spoke at length and so did Mr Mataka.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He thought Mr Mataka needed more time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was a new industry for him and it was difficult times.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Those were the reasons he asked for Mr Mataka to be given more time.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [48]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka saw him about the newspaper article of 22 March 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was very disturbed and insulted by the article because of the manner in which he was sacked.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not in agreement with the sacking.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not aware of any particu
lar instance that Mr Mataka had not performed because he was not involved in the day to day operations.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He could not recall any notice from the general membership threatening to withdraw if Mr Mataka did not resign.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [49]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In cross examination, Mr Anthony s
aid there were many informal discussions with some Union executives and the President which were not recorded.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Mr Mataka was not a family friend at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was more a colleague.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He recommended Mr Mataka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There was no time set for Mr Mataka}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s secondment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It was and administrative decision by the FSGWU to release Mr Mataka to the Hotel Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He cannot recall that it was for one year or a fixed time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The reason for secondment rather than retirement of Mr Mataka from the FSGWU was that Mr Mataka was involved in some sugar industry issues and Mr Anthony thought that FSGWU might still need him.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [50]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
As for the January 2007 meeting he was not sure of it but recalled there was an informal meeting in his office but no minutes were taken. It was amicable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was shown the Minutes of a January 2007}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p13.}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did not recall telling Mr Mataka to follow up on matters and be in constant touch with the in house committee which he had failed to do, as recorded in the Minutes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He could not recall asking for an executive meeting because normally he was the one to request it.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [51]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 As for the meeting of 19 February 2007 he said he did not recall asking the executive to give Mr Mataka another chance to perform.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He did not recall making a plea for him. What he said was he would assist Mr Mataka in the more serious issues.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There were some pressing issues so he asked for one month to sort them out then review.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [52]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 As for the Mana Island dispute, he said they have structures within the unions to resolve disputes. 
I they could not then the matter is reported to him and he then resolved them.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 If all members were vitimised then he got involved.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 But he had not come across that before.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He said they do not jump into disputes with hotel management directly.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did not do deals either.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He said this was abnormal times because this was happening all over the place at once, i.e., casualisation, reduction of hours, etc.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He did not agree that the Mana Island meeting was only a stop work meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Anthony said it was a simplification of what was happening.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mana had many issues.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His only input in this was asking Mr Mataka when this matter came to light whether the meeting was authorised.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s answer was that the meeting was not and he was not told.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He told him that this was not acceptable and not legal.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [53]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
As for the other specific issues, he only recalled the Tradewinds issue which Mr Mataka resolved satisfactorily according to Mr Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Mocambo issue was not a hotel management issue but because of low occupancy, they decided to renovate.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [54]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He did not agree that Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s appointment as general secretary was a promotion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He would not say that he was Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s mentor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was appointed executive secretary after the previous general manager died until Mr Mataka left and Daniel Urai took up the post.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The position of executive secretary was set up because there was no one to run the union at the time.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE UNION}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 S EVIDENCE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 DW 1: Ms Liviana Qoro
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [55]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ms Liviana Qoro gave evidence for the Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was the national President of the Hotel Union at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She was elected to the post in the 25 August 2006 Union elections.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was an active in house committee member as well.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was not a paid position.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She held the post till 19 February 2007 and Mereoni took over later in that year.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was employed on Malolo Island when she was Union President.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [56]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 On 31 May 2007 she wrote a letter of resignation}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD13}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to Malolo Island Resort for her resignation to be effective from that date.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She did not stand for the post again because she became a full time union employee and not a hotel employee.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [57]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She confirmed that the post of executive secretary was created in the Union for Mr Felix Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said Mr Mataka was recommended by him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Union had trust in Mr Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s recommendation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She signed Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s contract of employment}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p1}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  on behalf of the Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She did not know Mr Mataka very well before his appointment, neither was she aware of his work performance at other unions.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [58]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was referred to the Minutes of the special executive meeting of 9 November 2006 at the West Motor Inn.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She took those Minutes down even though according to their Constitution, it was the general secretary that was to do that.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She took the Minutes as Chairperson.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Minutes were taken in hand written form then typed up on the next day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She signed these Minutes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She said the members themselves threatened to join a rival union, FICTU, and 50% of the members were against Mr Mataka.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [59]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She also took down the Minutes of the January 2007 meeting and signed the typed up copy}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p13}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Minutes were an accurate record of what was said.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was a special meeting between her, Mr Anthony and Mr Mataka, to discuss Mr Mataka
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 non-performance
\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He contributed little because I made sure that members}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  concerns were made known}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 They all agreed to have a committee meeting on 19 February.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [60]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She organised that special executive committee meeting that was held on 19 February 2007 at the Capricorn Hotel.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was the chairperson and she took down the Minutes.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Minutes}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p16}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  were signed by her and accurately recorded what was discussed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The
 executive committee consisted of 12 members not including the general and the executive secretaries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Only one executive member did not attend the meeting. She disagreed with Felix Anthony in that she said he did ask the executives to give Mr Mataka another chance to prove himself.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said there was heated argument about giving Mr Mataka extra time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
They could not afford to give him extra time according to her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said he was incompetent to do union work.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was not visiting properties and discussing problems and did not register any disputes.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [61]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said it was Mr Mataka who opted for a termination letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said they wanted to wait for Mr Anthony to return.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
They went into his office }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 specifically to ask him to step down}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'94.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His response was that he was not going to leave.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He was the general secretary and was not going to leave.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 But if they wished him to do so we can terminate him\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The termination letter was typed up in his office by a secretary and signed by Ms Qoro and witnessed by Ms Paulini Disauca.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s response after receiving the letter was to go to the shop and pick up boxes to pack his stuff. She denied that she threatened or abused him to leave.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [62]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She did not go to Mana Island with Felix Anthony until after October 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That was after the letter of 26 October 2006}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  DD p7}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  was written by Mana Island Resort to the general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The trip was to meet with disgruntled members.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [63]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She did not act as general secretary after Mr Mataka was sacked.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Daniel Urai was acting general secretary who later became general secretary.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She denied writing a letter to the Registrar of Trade Unions on 31 May 2007}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain 
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD12}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  saying that she was to be acting in that position till further notice and that the position of President remained vacant after she resigned.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She was still looking for the original.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The matter was reported to the Police but nothing came of it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She did not know who wrote the letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She remained Union President until she resigned later before the next elections because she was no longer a hotel worker.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10766658 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [64]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In respect of the newspaper article, she confirmed that she said what was reported in it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She did not ring the newspaper.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
One of the other executives must have rung.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [65]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In cross examination Ms Qoro agreed that the signature in th
e letter of 31 May 2007 to the Registrar of Trade Unions was similar to hers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She prepared the letter of 13 March 2007}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  PD7}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to Felix Anthony which she asked her secretary to date by hand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That letter said }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 the general secretary must be removed by the
 19th March as we no longer have any confidence in him\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She agreed that she had made up her mind prior to 19 March 2007.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [66]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She denied that it was her intention to give Mr Mataka a termination letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was only after he asked for a termination letter that they gave him his letter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was her intention to wait for Felix Anthony to return.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She denied saying that she would get villagers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 cry of the membership\'94 was to terminate by 19 March 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
She thought she had the right to terminate because of the rights of the membership.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [67]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She said the Union lost all its documents in the Nadi floods in January 2009 that was why she did not have any documents with her.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 When asked why this had not been revealed earlier she said it was because she was not aware that the documents were lost.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She could not produce the original minutes of executive meetings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It was put to her that Daniel Urai was already in the building ready to take over from Mr Mataka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She agreed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She drafted and signed the termination letter.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 DW 2: Shahida Zaitoon
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [68]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ms Zaitoon}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s evidence was interposed with Ms Qoro}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s cross examination because Ms Qoro became ill on the next court fixture.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ms Zaitoon was the accounts officer and personal secretary for the FSGWU and personal assistance to Mr Anthony.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She looked after salaries and did the wages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She knew Mr Mataka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was working as assistant general secretary for FSGWU before August 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was earning an annual gross salary of $30,000 when he started.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His entitlements included a vehi
cle, fuel and mobile phone, insurance for workers comp and term life insurance for $25,000, annual leave of 15 working days and sick leave of 10 working days.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka left to join the Hotel Union.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He came back to FSGWU on 3 April 2007 on the same position and benefits as before he left.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [69]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In cross examination she confirmed that Mr Mataka is not entitled to a housing allowance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 If he did not take sick leave in the year then he is paid for it at the end of the year.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is entitled to 3 days bereavement leave and long service leave but she did not know how for long.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The union pays for the service of the vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s salary now is $32,000.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE COURT}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 S FINDINGS ON THE EVIDENCE: BREACH OF CONTRACT

\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [70]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There is no doubt that Ms Qoro had Mr Mataka in her sights soon after the August 2006 elections.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I accept Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s evidence that he was not liked because he stopped or did not allow some personal expenses for members to be taken out of Union funds because he considered they were not allowed under the Union Constitution.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [71]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 But I do not accept that he was incompetent as alleged by Ms Qoro.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I agree with Mr Mishra that despite her inexperience as a union official at national level, she seemed to have had a very high opinion of her capability and low one of Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s abilities.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Her views were at odds with those of Mr Anthony}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I would prefer the evidence of Mr Anthony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s experience as a unionist was far more extensive than that of Ms Qoro.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [72]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It is true that the executives and the memb
ers may not have been happy with how Mr Mataka approached disputes or the results that he obtained, but that did not necessarily mean that he was incompetent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I accept that the hotels and the workers encountered difficult times in late 2006 when Mr Mataka took up the post.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 That would have given him limited room for negotiation with the hotels for his members.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I think the evidence from the Union, who has the onus of proof on this issue, fell far short of proving incompetence on the part of Mr Mataka.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [73]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 M
s Qoro came across as a person with a strong and aggressive personality and I think her personality influenced not only the executives but also the Union members.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [74]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I think she was determined to remove Mr Mataka before the month was up when she visited his office on 19 March 2007.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It only needed Mr Mataka to suggest that he be given a termination letter before she acted.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Having heard the witnesses I have come to the view that Ms Qoro (and others) did not like the fact that Mr Mataka did things his own w
ay and differently from the previous general secretary.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [75]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  For these reasons, I find that Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s termination was in bad faith and not because of his incompetence.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [76]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 However, I do not accept Mr Mishra}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s submission that his client was not given due process before his dismissal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 What happened in my opinion was that the executives, led by Ms Qoro, were not prepared to accept his explanations or give him further time.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [77]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Does this amount to a breach of contract and if so does it entitle Mr Mataka to damages?
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE CONTRACT PROVISIONS
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [78]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The contract of employment did not expressly provide for termination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [79]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Instead, the Union Constitution provided in clause 40:
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The National Executive Committee may
 suspend for a period not exceeding three months and/or recommend for dismissal any officer for neglect of duty, dishonesty, incompetence, refusal to carry out the decisions of the National Executive Committee, or for any other reason which it deems good 
and sufficient and in the interests of the union.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Any officer who is suspended or who is recommended for dismissal shall have the right of appeal to the Annual or to an Extraordinary General Meeting.
\par }\pard \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [80]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 This provision must be taken to have been imported into the contract of employment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Union is the employer and is bound by its own Constitution which gave Mr Mataka certain rights as an officer, in particular clause 40.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [81]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It is clear that the executive has no power to terminate the contract. It only had the power to recommend termination.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The power to terminate rests with the general meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The executive having purported to terminate Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s contract was therefore in breach.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Clause 34 (ii) had no application because there was no general meeting vote of no confidence before hand.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ENTITLEMENT TO DAMAGES FOR BREACH
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [82]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The breach led directly to the loss of his job so he is entitled to damages directly flowing from it.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [83]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mataka was unemployed for 2 weeks.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is therefore entitled to loss of salary for that time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I make no allowance for other benefits for this time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His gross annual salary was $35,000.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Although the contract provided for an increase to $40,000 that was subject to the Union}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s financial position improving.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It is too speculative for me to accept that Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s salary would have increased to this amount.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I therefore calculate his entitlement to be $35,000 x 2/52 = }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $1,346}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [84]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is also entitled to loss of salary for the remainder of the 4 years that he would have been employed by the Hotel Union.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He had already been working for about half a year so I take the balance as }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 3.5 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His new salary is $32,000 pa but I will use his starting salary with the FSGWU of $30,000 immediately after his termination which is }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $5,000}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  less.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 So his entitlement is $5,000 x 3.5 = }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $17,500}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [85]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I make no allowances for leave, mobile phone, insurance and motor vehicle entitlements because he now gets those benefits from his new employer.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [86]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
In his submissions Mr Mishra asked for damages for the humiliating way in which Mr Mataka was forced out of office under the principle in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Central Manufacturing Company Ltd}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Kant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 [2003] FJSC 5; CBV0010.2002 (24 October 2003).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Supreme Court}{\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs22\super\insrsid15800368 \chftn }{\insrsid15800368  Hon Chief 
Justice Daniel Fatiaki, President, Rt Hon Justice Peter Blanchard and Hon Justice Mark Weinberg, JJSC}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  discussed the law and held it to be as follows:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
This raised for consideration the question whether }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis v Gramophone Company Limited}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  [1909] AC 488
, a case long seen as authority for the proposition that damages arising out of the manner of dismissal cannot be recovered, was still good law. The Court observed that the authority of }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  had been eroded in a number of jurisdictions, including New Zeal
and, but that it was unnecessary to discuss those authorities since the whole question had recently been analysed in depth in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Johnson v Unisys Ltd}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  [2003] 1 AC 518. After analysing that judgment in some detail, the Court concluded that }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  no longer stood
 in the way of the recovery of damages arising from the breach of an implied term of a contract of employment, even though the breach arose from the manner of dismissal.
\par .
\par .
\par .
\par The alternative implied term found to exist by the Court of Appeal was that of p
rocedural fairness. That formulation also gives rise to difficulty. An employee who may be dismissed without cause is not entitled to demand reasons from his employer. Nor, in the ordinary course, is he entitled to a hearing or any of the normal incidents
 of natural justice: }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Malloch v Aberdeen Corporation}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  [1971] 1 WLR 1578 at 1581 per Lord Reid. 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
It does not follow that there is no implied term requiring an employer to deal fairly with an employee when dismissing that employee. In }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Johnson,}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  Lord Millett observed at 550:
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
But the courts might well have developed the law in a different way by imposing a more general obligation upon an employer to treat his employee fairly even in the manner of his dismissal. They could not, of course, have overridden any expr
ess terms of the contract or have held the dismissal itself to be invalid. As in the case of the statutory right, employers would probably have responded by introducing their own procedures of complaint and warning before eventual dismissal. But there wou
l
d have been this difference: they would surely have taken care to incorporate such procedures into the contract of employment so that an employee who was dismissed in accordance with the procedure laid down in his contract could not claim damages for brea
ch of an implied term.\'94 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Lord Hoffmann expressed similar views when he said, at 542, that if there had been no relevant legislation in the area of employment and dismissal, he would have regarded the question of whether judges should develop the law by imp
lying a suitable term into the contract as }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 finely balanced\'94
. His Lordship also observed at 540 that there was much to be said for the approach taken by McLachlin J in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Wallace}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  that the courts could imply an obligation to exercise the power of dismissal in 
good faith. That did not mean that the employer could not dismiss without cause. The contract entitled him to do so. But in so doing, he should be honest with the employee and refrain from untruthful, unfair, or insensitive conduct. He should recognise th
at an employee losing his or her job was exceptionally vulnerable, and behave accordingly.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Lord Steyn considered that it was no longer right to equate a contract of employment with commercial contracts. One possible way of describing a contract of employment in modern terms was as a }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 relational contract\'94. He considered that the implied obligation of trust and confidence could also be described as }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 an employer}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s obligation of fair dealing\'94
. He concluded at 536 that:
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
... the employer may become liable in damages if he acts in breach of the independent implied obligation by dismissing the employee in a harsh and humiliating manner.\'94}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
In our view, the Court of Appeal correctly held that there is an implied term in the modern contract of employment that
 requires an employer to deal fairly with an employee, even in the context of dismissal. The content of that duty plainly does not extend to a requirement that reasons be given, or that a hearing be afforded at least where the employer has the right to di
s
miss without cause, and to make a payment in lieu of notice. It does extend, however, to treating the employee fairly, and with appropriate respect and dignity, in carrying out the dismissal. Each case must, of course, depend upon its own particular facts
. However, where, as in the present case, the dismissal is carried out in a manner that is unnecessarily humiliating and distressing, there is no reason in principle why a breach of this implied term should not be found to have occurred. }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 This takes us to the next issue. Does }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 mean that where an employee is wrongfully dismissed, the damages for the dismissal cannot include compensation for the manner in which it occurred, or injured feelings, or for the loss the employee may sustain from the fact that 
the dismissal itself makes it more difficult for him to obtain further employment?}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Johnson}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  Lord\~Hoffmann commenced his analysis of }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 by reviewing the development of the law relating to employment contracts. Initially, they were regarded as any other contracts. Parties were free to negotiate their terms, and nothing additional could be implied thereto. His\~Lordship said at 539:}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 But over the last 30 years or so, the nature of the contract of employment has been transformed. It has been recognised that a person}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s employment is usually one of the most important things in his or her life. It gives not only a livelihood but an occupation, an identity and a sense of self-esteem. The law has changed to recognise this social reality. Most of the changes hav
e been made by Parliament....}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The contribution of the common law to the employment revolution has been by the evolution of implied terms in the contract of employment. The most far reaching is the implied term of trust and confidence. But there have been others.\'94
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
His Lordship continued by noting that employment law required a balancing of the interests of employers and employees, with proper regard not only to the individual dignity and worth of the employees but also to the general economic interest. Su
bject to observance of fundamental human rights, the point at which this balance should be struck was a matter for democratic decision. The development of the common law by the judges played a subsidiary role. Their traditional function was to adapt and m
odernise the common law. However, such developments had to be consistent with legislative policy, as expressed in statutes.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His Lordship recognised that Unisys was expressly entitled to terminate Mr
\~Johnson}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s employment on four weeks notice without any reason, and }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}
{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 to make payment in lieu of notice\'94
. It had exercised that right. In the face of that express provision, it was difficult to imply a term that the company should not do so except for some good cause, and after giving Mr\~Johnson a reasonable opport
unity to demonstrate that no such cause existed. }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Lord Hoffmann then referred to }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mahmud }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 where Lord\~Steyn had said that the true ratio of }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
was that damages were recoverable only for loss caused by breach of contract, not for loss caused by the manner of its breach. Lord\~Hoffmann went on to say that where the only cause of action is wrongful dismissal, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 would hold that nothing could be recovered for mental distress or damage to reputation. On the other hand, if such damage were loss flowing from a breach of another implied term of the contract, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 would not prevent recovery of appropriate damages.}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His Lordship then considered the manifest e
videntiary problems that confronted an employee in such a case. Not only would there likely be difficulty in proving causation generally, Mr\~
Johnson would struggle to prove the distinction between psychological injury arising from the dismissal itself (for which damages were not recoverable), and psychological injury arising from the }{
\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 manner}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 of the dismissal (for which damages might now be recoverable). Another problem was the prospect of open-ended liability, which might inhibit the future of psychologically fragile personnel.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
His Lordship noted that Parliament had conferred upon the relevant industrial tribunals broad jurisdiction to deal justly and equitably with the matters about which Mr\~Johnson complained. He could see no reason why in an appropriate c
ase compensation awarded by a tribunal should not include compensation for distress, humiliation, damage to reputation in the community, or to family life. But the question to be asked in this case was whether the courts should develop the common law to g
ive a parallel remedy that was not subject to the kind of limitations imposed by statute. He concluded at 544:}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 My Lords, I do not think that it is a proper exercise of the judicial function of the House to take such a step...}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
For the judiciary to construct a general common law remedy for unfair circumstances attending dismissal would be contrary to the evident intention of Parliament...\'94
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Once again, Lord\~Steyn approached the matter somewhat differently. His Lordship commenced his speech by querying whether the headnote in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  correctly reflected the }{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ratio decidendi }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 of the case. He doubted whether }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  had held that special damages could never be recovered for loss resulting from the manner of dismissal. Only Lord\~Loreburn\~
LC had stated the law in those terms. The other members of the House of Lords in the majority had, by and large, confined themselves to the non-pecuniary aspects of the case. In Lord\~Steyn}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s estimation, only one of the Law Lords who sat in the case could realistically be regarded as having evinced a clear endorsement of Lord\~Loreburn}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s observation so far as it ruled out special damages for loss of employment prospects flowing from the mann
er of a wrongful dismissal. In Lord\~Steyn}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s view, it was }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 tolerably clear\'94 that the ratio of }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  did not preclude the recovery of special damages flowing from the manner of a wrongful dismissal.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Nevertheless, his Lordship said that if, either he was wrong, or Lord\~
Loreburn}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s approach was correct, the question remained: should }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  be overruled? In answer, Lord\~Steyn said at 531:}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s case was decided in the heyday of a judicial philosophy of market individualism in respect of what was then called t
he law of master and servant. The idea that in the eyes of the law the position of a servant was a subordinate one seemed natural and inevitable. And in Addis}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s case it may have been the background to the adoption of a special restrictive rule denying in a
ll cases to employees the right to recover financial loss which naturally flowed from the manner of their wrongful dismissal.\'94
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
His Lordship reflected upon the }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 fundamental change in legal culture\'94 that had taken place since }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 was decided in 1909. Like
 Lord Hoffmann, he said that one of the law}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s most significant contributions to the evolution of employment contracts was the development of the obligation of mutual trust and confidence and its unanimous and unequivocal endorsement in }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mahmud.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  As indicated
 earlier, he said that an employment contract was no longer to be regarded simply as a commercial contract but rather, as a }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
relational contract\'94. If, contrary to his view, the headnote in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
correctly stated the ratio of that case, he would now be willing to depart from it. This would not be a }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 particularly bold\'94
 step. Indeed, he expressed the view that the House had already taken that step in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mahmud.}{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Lord\~
Steyn then turned to the existence of the legislative scheme that operated in the United Kingdom. In contrast to Lord\~
Hoffmann, he considered that the scheme did not of itself indicate that the common law could not confer any kind of protection. The scheme in question was }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ...always only capable of meeting the requirements of cases at the lower end of seriousness.\'94 A person}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s serious loss of employment prospects owing to the manner in which he or she was dismissed had never really been catered for by the relevant legislation. As for Parliament}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s intention, his Lordship said at 535 that it could not }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ...have assumed the common law as reflected in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
case to be set in stone and incapable of principled development.\'94}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Turning to the implied obligation of mutual trust and confidence, Lord\~
Steyn said that it did not conflict with any express term in Mr\~Johnson}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s contract. The implied obligation was one imposed by law. He said:}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It is not a term implied in fact. It is an overarching obligation implied by law as an incident of the contract of employment. It can also be described as a legal obligation impos
ed by law: Treitel, The Law of Contract, p 190. It requires at least express words or a necessary implication to displace it or to cut down its scope.\'94}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\cf1\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
As noted earlier, departing from the other members of the House of Lords, Lord\~Steyn said that the impl
ied obligation was not confined to the subsistence of an employment relationship and that it could apply in the context of a dismissal. The argument in support of the contrary view was}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 described as a }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 legalistic point\'94
. It ignored the purpose of the obligation, which was to ensure fair dealing between employer and employee, a requirement that was as important in relation to dismissal as at any other stage of the employment relationship.}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 His Lordship rejected what he described as the }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 floodgates\'94 argument that if Mr\~Johnson}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s appeal were to succeed, virtually every dismissal case could include a claim based on the manner of dismissal. He said that this prediction was to too alarmist. In }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mahmud}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , it was held that the mere 
fact of dismissal could not of itself handicap an employee in the labour market. On the other hand, a dismissal carried out in a harsh and oppressive manner that inflicted unnecessary and substantial financial damage on the employee ought, in principle, t
o be compensable.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 For these reasons, Lord Steyn held that Mr\~
Johnson had a reasonable cause of action based upon the implied obligation of mutual trust and confidence. However, he held that there were formidable evidentiary difficulties in the way of Mr\~Jo
hnson succeeding. These related to causation and remoteness. Upon that basis alone, the claim would inevitably fail at trial. His Lordship therefore agreed that the appeal should be dismissed.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The position regarding the current status of }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  in Australia was discussed by the High Court in }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Baltic Shipping Co v Dillon}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 (1993) 176 CLR 344. A passenger on a cruise ship suffered injury when the vessel sank ten days into a fourteen-day cruise. In her action against the ship owner for damages for breach of contr
act, she was awarded damages which included a refund of the entire fare, and compensation for disappointment and distress. A majority of the Court held that damages for disappointment and distress were not recoverable unless they proceeded from physical i
nconvenience caused by the breach, or unless the contract was one the object of which was to provide enjoyment, relaxation or freedom from molestation. }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mason\~CJ discussed the effect of }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 at 361}{
\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  His Honour noted that the same approach had been adopted in the United States (}{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Southern Express Co v Byers}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1915), 240 US 612) and in Canada (}{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Vorvis v Insurance Corporation of British Columbia}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 [1989] 1 SCR 1085 with strong dissenting judgments of Wilson and L}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Heureux-Dub\'e9\~JJ). However, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 had not been followed in New Zealand (}{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Whelan}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ), and earlier cases to the same effect including }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Horsburgh v New Zealand Meat Processors Industrial Union of Workers }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 [1988] 1 NZLR 698 at 701-2 per Cooke\~
P and }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Hetherington v Faudet}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
(1989) 2 NZLR 224 at 227 per Cooke\~P. It should be noted that the position in Canada has changed since }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Vorvis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 : see }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Wallace}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 discussed below.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 McHugh\~J noted that the general rule derived from }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  was so firmly established in England and Australia that in }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Fink v Fink}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1946) 74 CLR 127 at 144 Dixon and McTiernan\~
JJ could say that in an action for breach of contract, }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
[r]esentment, disappointment and the loss of esteem of friends are not proper elements}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 . However, his\~
Honour went on the say that although not all principles relating to an
 award of damages in tort ought to be applicable in an action for breach of contract, it was difficult to see why no damages should be awarded for distress or disappointment arising directly from the breach of contract itself. Moreover, there were signifi
cant exceptions to the general rule, a number of which were analysed. His Honour noted the demise of the }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  rule in New Zealand, and concluded that if the matter were free from authority, damages for disappointment or distress resulting from breach of co
ntract would be compensable if within the reasonable contemplation of the parties when the contract was made. Plainly, his Honour had grave doubts about the correctness of }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , in modern times.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It should be noted that }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  was followed by the Industrial Relations Court of Australia in }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Burazin v Blacktown City Guardian Pty Ltd}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1996) 142 ALR 144 at 151. That Court, after considering }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Baltic Shipping}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
held that if damages were to be awarded for distress resulting from wrongful dismissal, it could only be after rejection, at High Court level, of the }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{
\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
conclusion that employment contracts were to be treated like other commercial contracts for the purposes of the rule in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Hadley v Baxendale}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1854) 156 ER 145.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In Canada, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  is no longer regarded as good law. See generally }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Pilon v Peugeot Canada Ltd}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1980) 114 DLR (3d) 378, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Brown v Waterloo Regional Board of Commissioners of Police }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 (1982) 136 DLR (3d) 49, }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ribeiro v Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (1989) 67 OR (2d) 385 (on appeal) (1992) 13 OR (3d) 278, and }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Trask v Terra Nova Motors Ltd }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 (1995) 127 Nfld & PEIR 310.}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Wallace}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , }{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
the Supreme Court of Canada held that the contract of employment has many characteristics that set it apart from an ordinar
y commercial contract. The point at which the employment relationship ruptures is the time when the employee is most vulnerable and hence most in need of protection. Employers ought to be held to an obligation of good faith and fair dealing in the manner 
o
f dismissal. While a dismissed employee was not entitled to compensation flowing from the fact of dismissal itself, where it could be shown that an employer engaged in bad faith conduct or unfair dealing in the course of dismissal, injuries such as humili
a
tion, embarrassment, and damage to self-esteem might all be worthy of compensation. Often the intangible injuries caused by unfair dealing on dismissal will lead to difficulties in finding alternative employment. However, the intangible injuries are suffi
cient to merit compensation in and of themselves. In an appropriate case, damages may be awarded for mental distress.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In New Zealand, Gallen\~J, in}{
\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Whelan}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 , }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 held that damages may be awarded for mental distress suffered by a long-term employee who was peremptorily dismissed from his employment. In }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Stuart}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 ,}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  McGechan\~
J followed that decision. It appears therefore, that in New Zealand, }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 has been entirely rejected as a statement of correct legal principle.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In our view, the Court of Appeal correctly determined that }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 no longer represents good law. The modern trend of authority, apart from the decision of the House of Lords in }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Johnson}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  (which is explicable on other grounds) is entirely against the somewhat artificial approach taken by Lord Loreburn. Even among the majority Law Lords in }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Johnson}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  there was little enthusiasm for the principle. }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 only survived because, in practice, it did not preclude recovery of damages for distress and humiliation arising from the manner of dismissal through the industrial tribunals. Although }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  continues to be applied in Australia, the portents for its survival in that country are not good. }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
This Court is required to declare the common law as it applies in Fiji. In our view, }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 has no place in a modern system of employment law. It should now be consigned to history.}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 We reject the petitioner}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s contention that this task should be left to the legislature. }{
\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 is a product of the common law. It may have been correct in 1909, when conditions of employment were very different from what they are today. It is no longer, however, an appropriate standard by which to regulate employer/employee relations. }{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \s25\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
We also reject the argument that social and economic conditions in Fiji are so different from those in Canada or New Zealand
 as to make it inappropriate to follow the most recent statements regarding employment law in those countries. We have regard to s 33(3) of the Constitution 1997 which provides that }{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{
\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 every person has the right to fair labour practices, including humane treatment and proper working conditions}{\b\i\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{
\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 . The continued existence of }{\b\ul\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Addis}{\b\cf0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 seems to us to be difficult to reconcile with that right.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [87]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I find the manner in which Ms Qoro orchestrated Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s dismissal quite humiliating and undignified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She subjected h
im to two official meetings to explain to a hostile executive and President.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
He was reported by letter to and called before his immediate superior Mr Anthony to explain his alleged non-performance, which non-performance Mr Anthony did not accept. He was promised a month but was terminated before its end.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He asked to wait for Mr Anthony}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s return, a reasonable request in my view in the circumstances, but was refused and was left with no alternative but to ask for a letter of termination.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The forceful and threatening way in which Ms Qoro removed him from his office and in the company of another executive, in his office in front of his secretary and having her to type up the letter of termination must have been very embarrassing and humilia
ting for Mr Mataka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
By her own admission, although I have some doubts about it, Ms Qoro did not know that clause 40 of the Union Constitution existed but nevertheless she proceeded to oust Mr Mataka without caring to find out or be familiar with its provisions.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He did not receive an apology despite asking for one.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 These circumstances lead me to conclude that Mr Mataka was dismissed in a manner in breach of the principle in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Kant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 He is entitled to compensation.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [88]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Mr Mishra submitted that I should award $5,000 under this head as was done by the Supreme Court in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Kant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 and by this Court in the unreported decision of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Cava}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 FSC Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 [2005] FJHC; HBC 189 of 2005L (8 August 2008).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I think this case is slightly different in that Mr Mataka was able to return to his 
old job very soon after his dismissal and all along he was confident that he would be accepted back.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I therefore award an amount of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $4,000}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  instead.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [89]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The total award for damages for breach of contract is therefore }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
$1,346}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  for loss of two weeks salary plus }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $17,500}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
 for reduction in salary plus }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $4,000}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  for compensation for the circumstances of dismissal making a total award of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $22,846}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 DEFAMATION ACTION
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [90]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I have found that Mr Mataka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s termination was in bad faith and not 
for his incompetence. It follows that the publications in the Fiji Times, the Fijilive website and the letter to the Executive Secretary to be of false allegations against Mr Mataka.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [91]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I do not think that the Executive Secretary Mr Anthony would have thought any the less of Mr Mataka after reading the letter of 13 March 2007.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
So even if the published words were capable of having the defamatory meanings alleged in the Statement of Claim, I find that Mr Mataka was not in fact defamed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The claim in this regard must fail.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [92]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The claim in respect of the publication in the Fijilive website also fails because there is no evidence that the Union was responsible for that publication.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [93]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There remains however, the publication in the Fiji Times newspaper.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ms Qoro said that she did not give the information to the newspaper but she acknowledged that the remarks of Mr Mataka attributed to her were accurate.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 She also said that one of the other executives may have given the information.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I therefore find that through her and or her executives the Hotel Union did give the information to the newspaper and did cause the newspaper to publish the defamatory allegations.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [94]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The words which the Plaintiff alleged to be defamatory of him were:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'85 The union}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s executive committee terminated his service on Monday citing non-performance of duties \'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [95]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Statement of Claim did not specifically plead whether the words published in the Fiji Times were defamatory in their natural and ordinary meaning or by way of innuendo.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The
 Statement of Claim, in so far as it referred to the words published to Mr Anthony, expressly alleged the defamatory meanings of the words in both their natural and ordinary and by innuendo in its true sense as exactly the same.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In any event, it seems to m
e that there is no real difference in this case whether the defamatory meanings are by natural and ordinary or by innuendo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I will therefore consider the Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s case as one based on the natural and ordinary meaning of the paragraph printed in the newspaper.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [96]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Are these words defamatory in their natural and ordinary meaning?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Lewis}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Daily Telegraph Ltd}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  [1964] AC 234, two national newspapers published in their front pages articles headed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Inquiry on Firm by City Police}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  and }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Fraud Squad Probe Firm}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 firm}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  and its managing director sued the newspapers for libel.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The statements of claim alleged that the words were defamatory in their natural and ordinary meaning.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The alleged defamatory meanings were that the plaintiffs had been guilty of fraud or were suspected of being guilty of fraud or dishonesty.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The appeal to the House of Lords was on the basis that the articles were capable of meaning that the plaintiffs were guilty of fraud.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Lord Reid explained the law in this way (p 258-60):
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \'85
 There is not doubt that in actions for libel the question is what the words would convey to the ordinary man: it is not one of construction in the legal sense.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The ordinary man does not live in an ivory tower and he is not inhibited by a knowledge of the rules of construction.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 So he can and does read between the lines in his general knowledge and experience of worldly affairs.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I leave aside the questions of innuendo where the reader has some special knowledge which might lead him to attribute a meaning to 
the words not apparent to those who do not have that knowledge\'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
What the ordinary man would infer without special knowledge has generally been called the natural and ordinary meaning of the words.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
But that expression is rather misleading in that it conceals the fact that there are two elements in it.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Sometimes it is not necessary to go beyond the words themselves, as where the plaintiff has been called a thief or a murderer.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
But more often the sting is not so much in the words themselves as in what the ordinary man will infer from them, and that is also regarded as part of their natural and ordinary meaning.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Here there would be nothing libelous in saying that an inquiry into the appellants}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  affairs was proceeding: the inquiry might be by a statistician or other expert.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The sting is in inferences drawn from the fact that it is the fraud squad which is making the inquiry. What those inferences should be is ultimately a question for the jury, but the trial judge has an important duty to perform.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Generally, the
 controversy is whether the words are capable of having a libelous meaning at all, and undoubtedly it is the judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
s duty to rule on that.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I shall have to deal later with the test which he must apply\'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 In this case it is, I think, sufficient to put the test in this way.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Ordinary men and women have different temperaments and outlooks.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Some are naturally suspicious and some are unusually na\'efve.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
One must try to envisage people between these two extremes and see what is the most damaging meaning they would put on the words in question\'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
What the ordinary man, not avid for scandal, would read into the words complained of must be a matter of impression.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
I can only say that I do not think that he would infer guilt of fraud merely because an inquiry is on foot.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [97]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The alleged defamatory meanings were:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not an effective worker.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was not an efficient worker.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was an irresponsible and unreliable person and/or employee.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff did not perform and could not perform as a General Secretary since his employment.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff was unfit to be an employee of the Defendant.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [98]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It seems to me that the newspaper passage is not capable of these defa
matory meanings in their ordinary meaning in the sense explained by Lord Reid in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Lewis}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There was no }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 sting}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  in the publication.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
The Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s claim for damages for defamation therefore fails.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [99]\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 It is therefore not necessary for me to consider the defences of justification and fair comment.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE COUNTER-CLAIM
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [100]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 No evidence was led to show that the Union suffered any loss or damage so I accordingly dismiss its counter-claim.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 INTEREST UNDER THE LAW REFORM (MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS)(DEATH AND INTERST) ACT
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [101]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I make an award of interest on damages only for the period from the date of Mr Mataka}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s dismissal to the date of filing this action which is about one year.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I award no interest for the time from filing to hearing because the Defendant could not be blamed for all the delays in that period.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Interest on damages at the usual 6% pa is therefore $22,846 x 6% =}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $1,371 which I round up to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $1,500}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 .
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par COSTS
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [102]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The normal rule applies.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant shall pay the Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s costs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The trial took 4 days.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Part of the delay was Ms Qoro being sick.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
But the trial should not have taken longer than it did.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Plaintiff succeeded in part only of his claim.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 There are no complicated issues of law or fact.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 I therefore summarily assess party-party costs as }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 $2,000}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  to be paid within 28 days.
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 THE ORDERS
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [103]\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Orders}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  are therefore as follows:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant shall pay to the Plaintiff the sum of $22,846 as damages for breach of contract.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant shall pay to the Plaintiff the sum of $1,500 as interest on damages under the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions)(Death and Interest) Act}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368  [Cap27].
\par }\pard\plain \s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10766658 '}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 s counter-claim is dismissed.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15800368 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 The Defendant shall pay to the Plaintiff the costs of this action of $2,000 within 28 days.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15800368 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15800368\charrsid15800368 Sosefo Inoke
\par Judge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid15800368 
\par }}