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{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author ruddley_e}{\operator ruddley_e}{\creatim\yr2010\mo5\dy24\hr9\min28}{\revtim\yr2010\mo5\dy24\hr9\min31}{\version1}{\edmins3}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords667}{\nofchars3807}{\*\company PacLII}{\nofcharsws4466}
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1042\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af12\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1042 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 AT LABASA
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 HIGH COURT CRIMINAL CASE NO:\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 HAC 0\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 4\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 3\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 OF\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  2008
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 CRIMINAL CASE NO\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 :\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 889 OF 2001
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 PROSECUTION
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 AND:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 JOSEPH MARTIN SHAYAM}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ACCUSED PERSON
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Counsel:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 State}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 -}{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Mrs. Bull and Mr. Savou
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Accused Person}{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 -}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Mr. A Sen}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 

\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Date of \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Ruling}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 4 May 2010
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 RULING
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\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Prosecution called 16 witnesses and closed their case.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 At that stage in the absence of assessors counsel for defence moved for a direction fr\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 om court to the prosecution to call another witness for enable cross-examination by Defence.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Prosecution objected to the said application and court refused the application of the Defence and now I am giving the reasons for the said ruling.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 It is contende\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 d by the defence that the statement of Police Officer Binesh Chand was disclosed and he is a very important witness to show the background of the incident.}{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Also important to show the behaviour \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
of the deceased and the victim and other persons and his obser\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 vations.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Counsel for state submits that it is the prosecution who will decide which witnesses to call for prosecution and that they have lead enough witnesses to prove the case and need not call any more witnesses.}{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Further submitted that this witnesses e\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 vidence i
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 s\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  of less value and in the interest of \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 J\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
ustice, prosecution is prepared to get the witness down for the defence if the defence intends to call the witness.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The witness in question is not even in the list of witnesses for the prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Of cour\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 se his statement had been disclosed.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 On the 1\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 st\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 day of the trial\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
 prosecution filed a list indicating the witnesses they are intending to call and the witnesses that they are not intending to call.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Further \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 prosecution undertook to get those witnesses\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  who\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
m they do not intend to call\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  to court to enable the defence to call them if they wanted.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Again half way of the prosecution case on 22\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 nd}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 April 2010 this application was made by the defence by motion and matter was again settled by prosecution undertaking \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 to get the witnesses mentioned in tha\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t motion f
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 r\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  enable the defence to call.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Again on 28/4/2010 counsel for state informed court that prosecution has agreed to call further witnesses and called two more witnesses.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Thereafter when prosecution wants to cl\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ose their case his application is made by the defence.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 prosecution enjoys\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a discretion\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  whether to call\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
 or tender any witness they require to attend, but the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 discretion is\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  not \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 unfettered.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This discretion must be exercised in the interest \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 of Justice, \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 so as to promote a fair
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  trial.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
Where witnesses statements have simply been served as unused material, the prosecution are not under any duty to call the makers of those statements as witnesses.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 For a judge to make the prosecution to do so would in effec\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t, be to require the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 crown act as 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 both prosecution and defence}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 "}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  (}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Archbold Criminal pleadings Chap 4 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0  277}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
).
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 S\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 me time it is the duty of the prosecution to call all relevant witnesses for the assessors to make a decision and for them to decide which witnes
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ses to believe and which pa\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 rt of their evidence to accept.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 In \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 this case the defence relies on this witness to testify on the background of the incident and also on the background of the persons involved.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Prosecution has already called 17 witnesses and ou\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t of which some witnesses testified in court supporting the defence position according to their statements made to police.}{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 With regard to the investigations prosecution has called 7 police witnesses.}{
\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 As mentioned before\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
 prosecution has called many witne\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 sses whom they were not intending to call according \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 to \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 he\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
 last list filed on the request of the Defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Further \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the witness\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  in question is not even in the list of witnesses although his statement was disclosed.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Therefore prosecution has been fair and\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  reasonable in us\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
ing their discretion when calling witnesses by not calling only the witnesses favourable to them.}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 On perusal of the statement\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  as submitted by the state counsel the witness in question is not necessary at all to prove the case for prosecu\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
tion and will be of less value compared to the witnesses they have called.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Therefore I find that it is unfair and unjust for the court to direct the prosecution to call this witness and I refuse the application by defence.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Although no prejudice is caused\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  to accused\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 
 I direct the state to get the witness down to court to enable the defence to call him as a defence witness if they so desire.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Priyantha Fernando
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Puisne Judge
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15224933 {\b\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid15224933\charrsid15224933 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 At Labasa
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 4 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 May\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0  201\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 0}{\lang2057\langfe1042\langnp2057\insrsid1972231\charrsid15224933 
\par }}