{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch37\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f3\froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f35\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}{\f37\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Calibri;}
{\f39\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f40\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f42\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f43\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f44\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f45\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f46\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f47\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f389\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}{\f390\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}
{\f392\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f393\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f394\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}{\f395\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f396\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}
{\f397\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f398\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}{\f409\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f410\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f412\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}
{\f413\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}{\f416\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;
\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \styrsid5863475 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \slink16 \styrsid5863475 header;}{\*\cs16 \additive \fs24\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 
\sbasedon10 \slink15 \slocked \styrsid5863475 Char Char2;}{\s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext17 \slink18 \styrsid5863475 footer;}{\*\cs18 \additive \fs24\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \sbasedon10 \slink17 \slocked \styrsid5863475 Char Char1;}{\*\cs19 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid5863475 page number;}{
\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext20 \slink21 \ssemihidden \styrsid5863475 footnote text;}{\*\cs21 \additive 
\fs20\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af0 \sbasedon10 \slink20 \slocked \ssemihidden \styrsid5863475 Char Char;}{\*\cs22 \additive \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \styrsid5863475 footnote reference;}{
\s23\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext23 \styrsid5863475 normal;}{\*\cs24 \additive \ul\cf2 
\sbasedon10 \styrsid5863475 Hyperlink;}{\s25\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext25 \styrsid5863475 List Paragraph;}{
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext26 \styrsid5863475 No Spacing;}}{\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax156\lsdlockeddef0}{\*\listtable
{\list\listtemplateid-1322252756\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listname ;}\listid-132}
{\list\listtemplateid-1359948092\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listname ;}\listid-131}
{\list\listtemplateid676334278\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1080\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listname ;}\listid-130}
{\list\listtemplateid-1128906102\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listname ;}\listid-129}
{\list\listtemplateid-943056260\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listname 
;}\listid-128}{\list\listtemplateid-59467316\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }
{\listname ;}\listid-127}{\list\listtemplateid-258342754\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080
\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listname ;}\listid-126}{\list\listtemplateid-1247485686\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}\f3\fbias0 
\fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listname ;}\listid-125}{\list\listtemplateid1920529124\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-360\li360\jclisttab\tx360\lin360 }{\listname ;}\listid-120}{\list\listtemplateid-453766824\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\levelnfcn23\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3913 ?;}{\levelnumbers;}
\f3\fbias0 \fi-360\li360\jclisttab\tx360\lin360 }{\listname ;}\listid-119}{\list\listtemplateid2052648380{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'03[\'00];}{\levelnumbers\'02;}
\fbias0 \jclisttab\tx1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat2\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'03(\'02);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li2340\jclisttab\tx2340\lin2340 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\loch\af35\hich\af35\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4320
\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid10422613}{\list\listtemplateid-1938496414\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1943900178\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-180\li2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li6120\lin6120 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid665786790}{\list\listtemplateid-951006968
\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4
\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2
\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid748232558}{\list\listtemplateid1372204762\listhybrid{\listlevel
\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0
\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat2\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-2131214908\'03(\'02);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li2340\jclisttab\tx2340\lin2340 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-989846344\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\loch\af35\hich\af35\dbch\af0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}
\fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }
{\listname ;}\listid1128008040}{\list\listtemplateid-853390594\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid424858430\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0 
\fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2
\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li4320\lin4320 }
{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0
\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-360\li5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fi-180\li6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1171291096}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1128008040\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid1171291096\listoverridecount0\ls2}
{\listoverride\listid665786790\listoverridecount0\ls3}{\listoverride\listid10422613\listoverridecount0\ls4}{\listoverride\listid-119\listoverridecount0\ls5}{\listoverride\listid-125\listoverridecount0\ls6}{\listoverride\listid-126\listoverridecount0\ls7}
{\listoverride\listid-127\listoverridecount0\ls8}{\listoverride\listid-128\listoverridecount0\ls9}{\listoverride\listid-120\listoverridecount0\ls10}{\listoverride\listid-129\listoverridecount0\ls11}{\listoverride\listid-130\listoverridecount0\ls12}
{\listoverride\listid-131\listoverridecount0\ls13}{\listoverride\listid-132\listoverridecount0\ls14}{\listoverride\listid748232558\listoverridecount0\ls15}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid346753\rsid466773\rsid1205178\rsid1318097\rsid2163644\rsid2313634\rsid3165510
\rsid4143822\rsid4273615\rsid5118693\rsid5262341\rsid5863475\rsid7762379\rsid8265009\rsid8335508\rsid8747675\rsid9205014\rsid9392794\rsid10180842\rsid10385344\rsid10776960\rsid11293349\rsid11297389\rsid11827342\rsid12861904\rsid13257590\rsid14110061
\rsid15164681\rsid16401185\rsid16667904}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author sravasakula}{\operator freriks_k}{\creatim\yr2010\mo4\dy6\hr9\min29}{\revtim\yr2010\mo4\dy6\hr17\min32}
{\printim\yr2010\mo3\dy31\hr14\min21}{\version5}{\edmins5}{\nofpages11}{\nofwords4200}{\nofchars20459}{\*\company  }{\nofcharsws24433}{\vern24689}}\paperw11909\paperh16834\margl2160\margr1440\margb1080 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin2160\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct
\asianbrkrule\rsidroot5863475\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863475 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15164681 
\chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863475 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15164681 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863475 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15164681 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863475 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid15164681 \chftnsepc 
\par }}\sectd \psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid13257590\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13257590 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\fs16\insrsid15164681\charrsid5863475  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {
\cs19\fs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2313634 11}}}{\cs19\fs16\insrsid15164681\charrsid5863475 
\par }\pard \s15\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13257590 {\cs19\fs16\insrsid15164681 HBC 6/10L: IMTIAZ v LTA}{\cs19\fs16\insrsid15164681\charrsid5863475 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13257590 {\fs20\insrsid15164681 
\par }{\fs20\insrsid15164681\charrsid11293349 
\par }}{\footer \pard\plain \s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13257590 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs16\insrsid15164681 
\par }}{\footerf \pard\plain \s17\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13257590 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs16\insrsid15164681 
\par 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 AT LAUTOKA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Civil Action No: HBC 6 of 2010L
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 BETWEEN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 ABDUL IMTIAZ}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2313634 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 f/n Abdul Kalaam of Saru, Lautoka, Carrier Proprietor
\par Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 AND}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 :}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 LAND TRANSPORT AUTHORITY}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2313634 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 a Statutory body established by the Land Transport Act, 1998
\par Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 INTERLOCUTORY JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Judgment of:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Inoke J.
\par 
\par Counsel Appearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Mr. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747675\charrsid14110061 K. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Maraiwai for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. J. Savou for the Defendant
\par 
\par Solicitors:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Iqbal Khan & Associates for the Plaintiff
\par LTA Legal Services for the Defendant
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 Date of Hearing: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 29 March 2010
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 Date of Judgment: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 1 April 2010
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 INTRODUCTION
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 On 25 January 2010, the Plaintiff filed a Writ of Summons and Statement of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 Claim in which he claims the following relief:

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 For an injunction restraining the Defendant and/or
 its servants agents or howsoever from impounding any motor vehicles and carriers with valid Third party and Wheel Tax until a further order of this Honourable Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 For a refund of all the impound fees paid by the Plaintiff and other vehicle owners to the Defendant without lawful justification.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 For a Declaration that the seizure by the Defendant are in breach of the Land Transport Act and hence the seizure and impounding is illegal.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16667904 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid16667904 Any further and other relief that this Honourable Court deems just and fit.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 On the same day he also filed an }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Ex-parte Motion}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
 for the same orders he seeks in paragraphs 1 to 3 of his Statement of Claim.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 I did not think the application should proceed ex-parte and directed that the Plaintiff serve the motion on the Defendant and it proceed inter-parte.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 This is the Court\rquote s judgment after hearing both parties.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 THE APPLICATION
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Motion is supported by the Plaintiff\rquote s affidavit in which he says that he carries on a \'93carrier\'94 business.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 His carrier is registered number EW657.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 On 9 December 2009, officers of the Defendant stopped his vehicle and asked the occupants whether they had hired his vehicle to which they said: No, they were the Plaintiff\rquote 
s friends and not his passengers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Despite this the officers asked the Plaintiff to drive his vehicle to the Defendant\rquote s yard.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 When the Plaintiff refused, the officers removed him and the occupants from the carrier and towed it to the Defendant\rquote 
s yard and impounded it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He says that the Defendant\rquote 
s officers should have charged him and issued him with an infringement notice rather than impound his vehicle as the Defendant had no power to seize it without a court order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He also says his vehicle was damaged by them and claims compensation for that damage.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 This action seems to be issued as a \'93class action\'94 or a \'93test case\'94 for a number of other \'93carrier\'94 operators although it is issued in the Plaintiff\rquote s name alone.

\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The application is opposed by the Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The affidavit in opposition, sworn by the Defendant\rquote s Regional Manager Western, was filed late and Mr Maraiwai, Counsel for the Def}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747675\charrsid14110061 endant, objected to its late fil}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
ing but I do not think that his client has been prejudiced because he had not taken advantage of the time that I had given him from Friday and over the weekend to file a response before the hearing of his application.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The opposing affidavit had annexed to it a copy of the vehicle\rquote s details which shows that }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7762379\charrsid14110061 the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 vehicle in question is not registered in the Plaintiff\rquote s name.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It is registered to someone else.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
The copy also showed that the vehicle was licensed for \'93private\'94 use.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
Traffic Infringement Notices were also issued to the Plaintiff for the offence of \'93driving the carrier as a minibus contrary to its registered use\'94 and to the registered owner for the offence of \'93allowing\'94 his vehicle to be so driven.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The registered owner has paid the $100 fine but the $50 fine for the Plaintiff has not been paid.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The affidavit further says that the Defendant\rquote s of
ficers saw the Plaintiff off loading a Fijian family whilst receiving payment of fares and when the booking officer confronted the Plaintiff, he became enraged, removed the keys and told the officer to tow his carrier away.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Nine other carriers have been detained at the Defendant\rquote s yard for the same reason \endash  use of vehicle as \'93
Public Service Vehicles\'94 despite being registered for \'93private\'94 use.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Defendant denies damaging the vehicle.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5262341 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 CONSIDERATION OF THE APPLICATION
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The first hurdle faced by the Plaintiff was the fact that he is not the registered owner of the vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He was the driver.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
That being the case, he has no locus standii to bring this action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
His claim under the Writ and in this application is predicated on him being the owner.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He is not t
he owner and therefore has no rights to protect.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
Also, as driver, the Plaintiff has no rights or claim against the Defendant as pleaded and sworn in his affidavit.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
I do not think that an amendment pursuant to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 O 15}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 High Court Rules}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  to join the registered owner as a plaintiff or to amend the pleading can cure these defects.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The next difficulty faced by the Plaintiff is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 s 15}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
 of the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Crown Proceedings Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [Cap 24] which provides:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 15.-(1)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 In any civil proceedings by o
r against the Crown the court shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, have power to make all such orders as it has power to make in proceedings between subjects, and otherwise to give such appropriate relief as the case may require:}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Provided that-}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (a)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
where in any proceedings against the Crown any such relief is sought as might in proceedings between subjects be granted by way of injunction or specific performance, the court shall not grant an injunction or make an order for specific performance, bu
t may in lieu thereof make an order declaratory of the rights of the parties; and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (b)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 in any proceedings against the Crown for the recovery of land or other property the court shall not make an order for the recovery of the land or the delivery of the pro
perty, but may in lieu thereof make an order declaring that the plaintiff is entitled as against the Crown to the land or property or to the possession thereof.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(2) The court shall not in any civil proceedings grant any injunction or make any order agains
t an officer of the Crown if the effect of granting the injunction or making the order would be to give any relief against the Crown which could not have been obtained in proceedings against the Crown.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 In }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Lal}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Land Transport Authority}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [2009] FJHC 157
; HBC213.1994 (31 July 2009), this Court held that the Authority is a servant or agent of the State in the performance of its functions and therefore was not susceptible to garnishee proceedings to satisfy a judgment against it because of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 s 20(4)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Crown Proceedings Act}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 See also: }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Wati}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Western Division Drainage Board}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [2009] FJHC 165; HBC332.2001L (18 August 2009).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
Consequently, in my view, it follows that the relief sought by the Plaintiff in paragraph 1 of the Motion and Statement of Claim cannot be granted because it is prohibited by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 s 15(1}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16667904\charrsid14110061 ) (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 a)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the Act.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 16.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Even if such relief could be granted, the Plaintiff is faced with the difficulty of proving his claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He concedes that the carrier is not registered as a public service vehicle (PSV) but registered for private use.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The types of motor vehicle licences issued by the Defendant are set out }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Part IV}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 , more specifically, s 53 of the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Land Transport Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  which provides:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Motor vehicle licence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 53. - (1) The Authority may register mo
tor vehicles under the provisions of this Act to operate under the following classes of motor vehicle licence -
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (a) a private licence which }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(i) authorises the use of the motor vehicle subject to this Act and the conditions of the licence; and}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (ii) doe
s not authorise the use of the motor vehicle for commercial purposes, or as a public service vehicle;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (b) a commercial licence which }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 \endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(i) authorises the use of the motor vehicle for the carriage of goods in relation to the business of the owner, subject to this Act and the conditions of the licence; and}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(ii) limits the carriage of passengers to bona-fide employees and other persons directly involved in the carrying on of the business of the owner;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (c) a government licence which authorises the use of th
e motor vehicle for purposes related to the functions of government, subject to this Act and the conditions of the licence;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(d) a diplomatic licence which authorises the use of the vehicle consistent with the provisions of this Act and the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act and the conditions of the licence;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (e) a public service vehicle licence as provided for in Part VI.
\par }\pard\plain \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(2) A licence issued pursuant to this Part may include conditions, as the Authority may determine, relating to the use of the motor vehicle for private purposes.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (3) The Authority may cancel or suspend a }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 licence issued under this Part.
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(4) The conditions under which a vehicle is licensed to operate shall, unless the licence otherwise expires, or is cancelled or suspended under th
e provisions of this Act, only be in effect for the period of the registration of the vehicle and shall lapse with the expiry, cancellation or suspension of the registration pursuant to this Act.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (5) A person who uses a motor vehicle contra
ry to the condition of the class of licence issued under subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable upon conviction to the prescribed penalty.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 17.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The legislative scheme for PSVs is set out in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Part VI}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the Act.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The following sections are relevant:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Public service vehicles
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
61. - (1) Subject to subsection (2), a motor vehicle used for the carriage of passengers for hire, reward or other consideration is deemed to be a public service vehicle for the purpose of this Act and the regulations.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (2) A moto
r vehicle may, on an application made to the Authority, be exempted as a public service vehicle although it is being used for the carriage of passengers for hire, reward or other consideration if }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
\endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (a)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 such carriage is not the principal activity of the owner of the vehicle and the passengers are being carried in the course of that principal activity; or}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (b)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 the vehicle is also being used for the carriage of goods and is carrying the owner of the goods or his employee.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (3) For the purpose of par
agraph (a) of subsection (2), principal activity includes the operation of a school, charitable or religious organisation or similar institution but does not include any commercial activity as may be determined by the Authority.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Public service vehicles to be licensed}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
62. - (1) No person shall drive or use any motor vehicle, or cause or permit one to be driven or used, as a public service vehicle unless it is licensed as a public service vehicle.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (2) No person shall drive or use, or cause or permit to be 
driven or used, any public service vehicle contrary to the terms of a public service vehicle licence or public service permit relating to that public service vehicle.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(3) An owner of a motor vehicle that is licensed as a public service vehicle shall ensure that at all times }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 \endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (a)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 the prescribed licence label is affixed to the motor vehicle; and}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (b)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 the correct public service vehicle identification number is clearly marked on it.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) commits an offence and i
s liable on conviction to the prescribed penalty.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Public service vehicle licences}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
63. - (1) The Authority may issue to a person who meets the prescribed requirements a public service vehicle licence of a class described in subsection (3) to enable a moto
r vehicle owned by that person to operate in the manner described in a public service permit held by that person.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(2) A public service vehicle licence shall only be issued to the holder of a public service permit }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 \endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (a) which is of an appropriate type; and}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (b) which, except in the case of a road permit, is for the time being not used.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (3) The classes of public service vehicle licence are }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 \endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(a) a taxi licence, which shall only be issued in respect of a motor vehicle equipped for the conveyance of not less than 4 and not more than 5 persons excluding the driver;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(b) a rental vehicle licence, which shall only be issued in respect of a motor vehicle equipped for the conveyance of not more than 8 persons excluding the driver;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(c) a hire vehicle licence, which shall only be issued in respect of a motor vehicle equipped for, the conveyance of not less than 4 and not more than 8 persons excluding the driver;}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (d) a road service vehicle licence, which shall only be issued in respect of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 \endash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(i) an omnibus which, for the purpose of this Act, is a motor vehicle equipped for the conveyance of not less than 12 persons excluding the driver and constructed so that the driver and passengers are located in the same structural compartment; or}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
(ii) a carrier which, for the purpose of this Act, is a motor vehicle constructed and equipped for the safe carriage of passengers and goods such that the majority of passengers are located separate from the driver's compartment.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 18.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Plaintiff argued that the passengers that were in the carrier were his friends and relatives and not fee paying passengers.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He was therefore not using the vehicle as a PSV so it is not required to be licensed under s 61 nor did he commit an offence under s 62.

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 19.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
The officer of the Defendant on the other hand says that he suspected the Plaintiff was carrying passengers for reward because he saw the Plaintiff off loading another family from the carrier and receiving payment for fares.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Was the officer entitled to act on his suspicion and impound the carrier?
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 20.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Section}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  73(1)(c)(iv)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the Act provides that \'93
a police officer may, for the purposes of traffic control, seize and remove to a place of safe custody a motor vehicle where the police officer has reasonable cause to suspect that the, vehicle is not registered pursuant to this Act or the regulations\'94
.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Subsection 3 provides that \'93
an authorised officer under this Part may exercise the powers vested in a police officer under subsection (1), either in whole or in part, except for those powers provided for under subparagraph (c}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11297389\charrsid14110061 ) (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 i) and paragraph (e) of subsection (1)\'94.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 21.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Plaintiff has not questioned the authority of the Defendant\rquote 
s officer in this case and I therefore take it that the officer is an \'93authorised officer\'94 within the meaning of the Act.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8335508\charrsid14110061 
I accept the officer\rquote s version of events as reasonable cause to suspect that the carrier was being driven for reward.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
I am therefore of the opinion that the officer had acted in accordance with and within the powers vested in him by the provisions of s 73 in seizing and impounding the carrier in this case.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 22.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
As for the claim for damage to the vehicle, the Plaintiff is not the owner neither has he been given the authority by the owner to make the claim so it is unsustainable.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 23.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The orders sought in the Plaintiff\rquote s Motion are therefore refused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Had these orders been the only orders which this Court is asked to make, this would have been the end of the matter.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\ul\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par APPLICATION TO STRIKE OUT
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 24.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 However, in the course of argument, Mr Savou asked this Court to dismiss both the Statement of Claim and the Motion under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 O. 18 R. 18}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 High Court Rules 1988}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  or under the Court\rquote s inherent jurisdiction for being a frivolous and vexatious claim and an abuse of process.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 He has not filed a summons or motion and Mr Maraiwai objected to such an application on the basis that I do not have jurisdiction under that Rule or the Court\rquote 
s inherent jurisdiction to entertain it.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 25.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Order 18 Rule 18(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  provides:
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The
 Court may at any stage of the proceedings order to be struck out or amended any pleading or the indorsement of any writ in the action, or anything in any pleading or in the indorsement, on the ground that \endash  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It discloses no reasonable cause of action or defence, as the case may be; or}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It is scandalous, frivolous or vexatious; or}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It may prejudice, embarrass or delay the fair trial of the action; or}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It is otherwise an abuse of the process of the court; and may order the action to be stayed or dismissed or judgment to be entered accordingly, as the case may be.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 26.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It is well settled that all Courts have inherent jurisdiction to prevent an abuse of its process in a pending action: }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Commonwealth Trading Bank}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 v}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Inglis}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 (1974) 131 CLR 311, 314; HCA 17; (1974) 131 CLR 311 (14 May 1974) per Barwick CJ, McTiernan J:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11297389 {\b\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
6. Whilst conceding that he could cite no authority in direct support of his proposition, counsel for the applicant submitted that it is settled that a court has inherent power to prot
ect itself from an abuse of its process and he argued that to make an order preventing a vexatious litigant from bringing proceedings without leave is but one means which the court may use in certain circumstances to achieve that end. In addition, counsel
 
drew attention to decisions to the effect that the inherent powers of the court may exist side by side with a rule of court dealing with the like subject matter which is not regarded as being necessarily intended to abrogate the inherent power. It is true
 
that there are statements of high authority referring to the power of the court to prevent abuse of its process. But these statements have been made in cases in which the court was concerned with actions which had been instituted in the court and were pen
d
ing therein. The cases were concerned with such summary steps relating to the action as the making of an order staying it or dismissing it or striking out a pleading. Examples of statements of the principle relating to the court's inherent power to preven
t
 an abuse of its process and of the circumstances in which that power was exercised are provided by the judgments in Willis v. Earl Beauchamp (1886) 11 P 59; Metropolitan Bank Ltd. v. Pooley (1885) 10 App Cas 210, at pp 214, 220-221; and Cox v. Journeaux 
(No. 2) [1935] HCA 48; (1935) 52 CLR 713 (at p314)
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 27.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 I therefore go on to consider whether the Plaintiff\rquote s Statement of Claim and Motion should be struck under the 
inherent jurisdiction and I apply the same principles applicable to an application under the Rule.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 28.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 In }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 National MBF Finance (Fiji) Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Buli}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [2000] FJCA 28; ABU0057U.98S (6 July 2000), the Court of Appeal}{
\cs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11827342 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\cs22\super\insrsid15164681 \chftn }{\insrsid15164681  The Rt. Hon. Sir Thomas Eichelbaum, The Hon. Sir David Tompkins, The Hon. Sir Rodney Gallen, Justices of Appeal}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  said:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
The law with regard to striking out pleadings is not in dispute. Apart from truly exceptional cases the approach to such applications i
s to assume that the factual basis on which the allegations contained in the pleadings are raised will be proved. If a legal issue can be raised on the facts as pleaded then the courts will not strike out a pleading and will certainly not do so on a conte
n
tion that the facts cannot be proved unless the situation is so strong that judicial notice can be taken of the falsity of a factual contention. It follows that an application of this kind must be determined on the pleadings as they appear before the cour
t. In this case the Judge\rquote s task was made more difficult because a considerable amount of factual material was placed before him. We wish to point out that this is inappropriate and undesirable.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }{\insrsid14110061 29. }{\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 See also Tawake v Barton Ltd [2010] FJHC 14; HBC231.2008 (28 January 2010), a decision in which Master Tuilevuka summarised the law in this area and which I respectfully adopt:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
[33] The jurisdiction to strike out proceedings under Order 18 Rule 18 is guardedly exercised in exceptional cases only where, on the p
leaded facts, the plaintiff could not succeed as a matter of law. It is not exercised where legal questions of importance are raised and where the cause of action must be so clearly untenable that they can not possibly succeed (see }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Attorney General \endash v- Shiu Prasad Halka}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
 18 FLR 210 at 215, as per Justice Gould VP; see also New Zealand Court of Appeal decision in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Attorney -v- Prince Gardner}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [1998] 1 NZLR 262 at 267.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 [34] His Lordship Mr Justice Kirby in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Len Lindon -v- The Commonwealth of Australia}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  (No. 2) S. 96/005 summarised the applicable principles as follows:- 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
1. it is a serious matter to deprive a person of access to the courts of law for it is there that the rule of law is upheld, including against Government and other powerful interests. This is why 
relief, whether under O 26 r 18 or in the inherent jurisdiction of the Court, is rarely and sparingly provided.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
2. to secure such relief, the party seeking it must show that it is clear, on the face of the opponent's documents, that the opponent lacks a reasonable cause of action ... or is advancing a claim that is cl}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16667904 early frivolous or vexatious.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
3. an opinion of the Court that a case appears weak and such that it is unlikely to succeed is not, alone, sufficient to warrant summary termination ... Even a w
eak case is entitled to the time of a court. Experience teaches that the concentration of attention, elaborated evidence and argument and extended time for reflection will sometimes turn an apparently unpromising cause into a successful judgment.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 4. summa
ry relief of the kind provided for by O 26 r 18, for absence of a reasonable cause of action, is not a substitute for proceeding by way of demurrer ... If there is a serious legal question to be determined, it should ordinarily be determined at a trial fo
r
 the proof of facts may sometimes assist the judicial mind to understand and apply the law that is invoked and to do so in circumstances more conducive to deciding a real case involving actual litigants rather than one determined on imagined or assumed fa
cts.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
5. if, notwithstanding the defects of pleadings, it appears that a party may have a reasonable cause of action which it has failed to put in proper form, a court will ordinarily allow
 that party to reframe its pleading ... A question has arisen as to whether O 26 r 18 applies to part only of a pleading }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
6. The guiding principle is, as stated in O 26 r 18(2), doing what is just. If it is clear that proceedings within the concept of the
 pleading under scrutiny are doomed to fail, the Court should dismiss the action to protect the defendant from being further troubled, to save the plaintiff from further costs and disappointment and to relieve the Court of the burden of further wasted tim
e which could be devoted to the determination of claims which have legal merit.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 29.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 This Court is of the opinion that this is one of those exceptional cases that was referred to in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Buli}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  (supra).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The whole claim is based on ownership.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Unlike }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Buli}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 , the vehicle in this action is registered in someone else\rquote s name other than the Plaintiff\rquote s and that is not disputed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The registered owner is not a party to these proceedings and the Plaintiff is not suing as his agent or someone otherwise authorised by him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061 
 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 There is no allegation that the owner is under any legal disability and there is no explanation as to why these proceedings were not brought in his name.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Also, the inclusion of other carriers in the Statement of Claim and in the Plaintiff\rquote s affidavit seems to suggest that this was a 
\'93class\'94 action or \'93test\'94 case, as I have said, but apart from that the claim and this application have been pleaded and argued as a personal action by the Plaintiff driver.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 30.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Further, this Court has no doubt that the legal issues ra
ised in the claim, even if the Plaintiff was entitled to bring it, are in the Defendant\rquote s favour.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
I was referred to the unreported decision of Finnigan J in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Fiji Van and Carrier Operators Association}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Land Transport Authority}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [2006] HBC 268 of 2006
 (17 November 2006) in which his Lordship thought that whether officers of the Authority had power to seize carriers and charge impounding fees was a serious issue to be tried.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 It does not appear that the provisions that I have referred to above were brought to his Lordship\rquote s attention or for his consideration.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
Having considered them myself, I do not think, with respect, that there are any such serious issues so that decision does not help the Plaintiff.
\par }\pard\plain \s25\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 31.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 For these reasons, the Statement of Claim and the Motion should be dismissed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163644\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\ul\insrsid2163644\charrsid14110061 
\par }{\b\ul\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 COSTS
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 32.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 This action and the application were doomed to failure from the start.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
It is one of those exceptional cases where such costs are justified:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Lok}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Singh}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
 [2010] FJHC 7; HBC321.2000L (20 January 2010); }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Khan}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Carpenters Fiji Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  [2009] FJHC 149; HBC132.2003 (23 July 2009); }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Singh}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Naupoto}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 [2008] HBC 199/08}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
, Costs Decision of 8 August 2008, and }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Rokotuiviwa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  v }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Seveci}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
[2008] FJHC 221; HBC374.2007 (12 September 2008)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 33.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The facts and law are not complicated and submissions were not extensive or the hearing long, although the matter was called twice because of the Defendant\rquote 
s delay in filing its affidavit.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Taking these matters into account, I summarily assess costs at $1,500 to be paid within 28 days.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\ul\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par ORDERS
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\dbch\af0\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 34.\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Orders are therefore as follows:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14110061\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\dbch\af0\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {
\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 The Plaintiff\rquote s Motion and Statement of Claim both filed on 25 January 2010 are dismissed and struck out.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\dbch\af0\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls15\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 
The Plaintiff shall pay the Defendant\rquote s costs of $1,500 within 28 days.}{\insrsid2163644\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2163644\charrsid14110061 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14110061 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11827342\charrsid14110061 Sosefo Inoke
\par Judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13257590\charrsid14110061 
\par }}