{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f40\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f41\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f43\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f44\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f45\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f46\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f47\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f48\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255; \red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0; \red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \styrsid1651669 header;}{\*\cs16 \additive \sbasedon10 \styrsid1651669 page number;}{\* \ts17\tsrowd\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \sbasedon11 \snext17 \styrsid7608293 Table Grid;}}{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid375057800\listhybrid {\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat2\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1586426772\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-660\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel \levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1860\jclisttab\tx1860\lin1860 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2 \levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2580\jclisttab\tx2580\lin2580 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0 \leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3300\jclisttab\tx3300\lin3300 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0 \leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4020\jclisttab\tx4020\lin4020 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2 \levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4740\jclisttab\tx4740\lin4740 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0 \levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5460\jclisttab\tx5460\lin5460 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1 \lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6180\jclisttab\tx6180\lin6180 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative \levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6900\jclisttab\tx6900\lin6900 }{\listname ;}\listid543325294}{\list\listtemplateid2133602670\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4 \leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1306524356\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4 \levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2 \leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0 \leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0 \levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0 \levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1 \lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative \levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0 \levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid771170355}{\list\listtemplateid-46508384\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0 \leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-475511456\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1080\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0 \levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0 \levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1 \lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative \levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0 \levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0 {\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext \leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext \leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid2010519353}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid543325294\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid771170355 \listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid2010519353\listoverridecount0\ls3}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid207258\rsid349128\rsid401199\rsid419153\rsid656145\rsid685025\rsid814706\rsid919884\rsid1271291\rsid1651669\rsid1715407\rsid1798551\rsid1855729\rsid1860908 \rsid2171946\rsid2887054\rsid3490445\rsid4026623\rsid4284997\rsid4604436\rsid4872222\rsid4994820\rsid5196306\rsid5333601\rsid5450455\rsid6046427\rsid6627816\rsid6771464\rsid6827675\rsid7030213\rsid7153485\rsid7224629\rsid7284114\rsid7604294\rsid7608293 \rsid7698965\rsid7733305\rsid7740691\rsid7954445\rsid8199245\rsid8340308\rsid8348431\rsid8413077\rsid8931190\rsid9120348\rsid9703521\rsid9922883\rsid10557031\rsid10640240\rsid10647162\rsid11151802\rsid11287624\rsid11288697\rsid11357485\rsid11734078 \rsid11878452\rsid11993472\rsid12015730\rsid12665348\rsid13125266\rsid13382095\rsid13459344\rsid13652491\rsid13712084\rsid13792531\rsid13828647\rsid14032142\rsid14378564\rsid14443094\rsid15012057\rsid15085282\rsid15289911\rsid15414278\rsid15943906 \rsid16060305\rsid16613235}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6818;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author vuli.tamani}{\operator Kym Freriks}{\creatim\yr2008\mo8\dy13\hr11\min7}{\revtim\yr2008\mo8\dy29\hr15\min1} {\printim\yr2008\mo8\dy8\hr8\min50}{\version32}{\edmins25}{\nofpages8}{\nofwords3307}{\nofchars18850}{\*\company Ministry of Justice}{\nofcharsws22113}{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}{\*\userprops {\propname _AdHocReviewCycleID}\proptype3{\staticval -1320435013}{\propname _EmailSubject}\proptype30{\staticval }{\propname _AuthorEmail}\proptype30{\staticval vuli.tamani@govnet.gov.fj}{\propname _AuthorEmailDisplayName}\proptype30{\staticval Vuli K. Tamani}{\propname _ReviewingToolsShownOnce}\proptype30 {\staticval }}{\*\xmlnstbl }\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1800\margr1800\margt1440\margb720\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800 \dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot11288697 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid10640240\sftnbj {\headerl \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1651669 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16\insrsid10647162 PAGE }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs16\insrsid10647162 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid10647162 \par }}{\headerr \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1651669 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst { \cs16\insrsid10647162 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5333601 8}}}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs16\insrsid10647162 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid10647162 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11288697\charrsid15943906 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11288697\charrsid15943906 AT SUVA \par CIVIL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11288697\charrsid15943906 CIVIL ACTION NO.: HBC 355 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 OF}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11288697\charrsid15943906 2003 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 BETWEEN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 : \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 TAITO NAVUALABA}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11288697\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 Plaintiff \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 AND: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 THE COMMANDER OF FIJI MILITARY FORCES \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 First Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 THE COMMISSIONER OF POLICE \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 Second Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8931190 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF FIJI \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 Third Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15943906 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid12015730 Counsels}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12015730 : }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 Mr. S. Valenitabua for Plaintiff \par Mr. J. Boseiwaqa for First Defendant \par Ms S. Raramasi for Second and Third Defendants \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13792531 Date of Hearing: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 9th June 2008, 4th July 2008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13792531 Date of Judgment: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 8th August 2008 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7224629 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 Background:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11734078\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [1]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \tab The plaintiff in this action is claiming damages for personal injuries both physical and mental arising out }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 alleged assaults from 24th August 2000 to 25th August 200}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 0 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 by the members of the police force and soldiers from the Fiji Military Forces.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 The assaults were allegedly committed at a temporary military camp set up at Wainavau, Naitasiri.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff told the court that he was arrested for having committed murder and robbery.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 His claim is that he }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 was tortured for a period of one day as a result of which he was hospitalized at the CWM Hospital from 25th August 2000 to 11th October 2000.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 After his release he also attended St Giles Hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14032142\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [2]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 \tab The first defendant in its defence denied assaulting or causing any injuries to the plaintiff.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 It denied knowledge of any injuries suffered by the plaintiff.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 The second and third defendants filed a defence w}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 hic}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 h}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 was a ba}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 re denial. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 Assault:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 \tab The first issue is whether the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11357485\charrsid15943906 po lice and soldiers}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 or any one of them assault}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 ed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 The only direct evidence of assault was given by the plaintiff himself.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff told the court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 in his }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 brief of evidence that he }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 voluntarily }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 surrendered himself to the soldiers at the Naqelewai Community Hall}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 , Naitasiri}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 after he learnt from his wife that the soldiers were looking for him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 He further stated that he }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459344\charrsid15943906 was taken by soldiers from Naqelewai to Wainavau camp in Naitasiri for questioning.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459344\charrsid15943906 At Wainavau he stated that he was tortured by being beaten on his body with an iron rod}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 ;}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459344\charrsid15943906 he was made to dive into a shallow stream as a result }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 of which }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459344\charrsid15943906 blood came streaming down his face.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13459344\charrsid15943906 He }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 said that he lost consciousness so hot water was poured on him }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 and}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 he regained consciousness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 He said he was kicked on his back and also hit with rifle butts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 He also told the c}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 ou}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 rt that he was made to collect horse manure and cow dung and the soldiers force}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 d}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 him to eat that as a result of which he felt so bloated that he could not eat food.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 He was made to sit and pistols }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 were p}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 ointed at his head.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 At night he stated that he was made to sleep in a dog cage at the back of a twin cab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 van }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 with two dogs.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 He slept close to the dogs for warmth.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 The next morning the beating started again.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 Later he was taken to the Military }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814706\charrsid15943906 h}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7740691\charrsid15943906 ospital because }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814706\charrsid15943906 he could not walk.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814706\charrsid15943906 From there he was taken to CWM Hospital, Suva.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814706\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10640240\charrsid15943906 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 Injuries suffered:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [4]\tab I}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid814706\charrsid15943906 n his statement of claim the plaintiff listed his injuries as follows}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413077\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4284997\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4284997\charrsid15943906 (a)\tab body pains; \par (b)\tab right ankle pains; had to use crutches for about 4 months; \par (c)\tab tenderness over the back and the lateral chest walls; \par (d)\tab swelling over right forearm and dorsum aspect of right hand; \par (e)\tab restrictions in lower limbs joint movement; \par (f)\tab fracture to the base of his middle phalanx of his left index finger; \par (g)\tab his wound was cleaned and sutured and his left hand put on back slab to immobilize.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4284997\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4284997\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 \tab In his brief of evidence he noted }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 some }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 injuries which are not specified in his statement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 of claim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 or the medical report issued by the CWM Hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 In his brief of evidence he had noted following injuries}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4284997\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (a)\tab }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 bruises, cuts and wounds on my head; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (b)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 my head and eyes were s}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1860908\charrsid15943906 wollen so I could not see for a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 week; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1860908\charrsid15943906 (c)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 I had a complex fracture on left middle phalanx of left index finger; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (d)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 Complex fracture on left ankle; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (e)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 My hair was cut with a pair of scissors after the assaults to mock me; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (f)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 A Nigerian doctor showed me the x-ray of my lower back and said that I had a dislocated lower spine; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (g)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 Restrictions of lower jaw thus the inability to eat solid food; for one week I had milk pumped through my nose with the use of a tube; two weeks I had food, food juices using the same pipe; the next week I had mashed food; then I started eating solid food; \par }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 (h)\tab }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 I had blood coming out from my ears and nose when I was admitted to CWM Hospital.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4872222\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1860908\charrsid15943906 \par He told the court that he does not rely on the medical report from the CWM Hospital for his claim. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [6]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 \tab The records office}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 r}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 from the CWM Hospital Lanieta Katirewa was called.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 She testified on the basis of the file kept at CWM Hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 The records show that the plaintiff was admitted on 25th August 2000}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 to CWM Hospital and discharged on 11th October 2000.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 The records also show that the plaintiff had difficulty getting up from bed and moving about so he was subjected to physiotherapy.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 The records confirm the fracture on left phalange middle finger and left forearm.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 It showed that the plaintiff complained of ear ache.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 He was also referred to the fracture clinic for review of spine.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid207258\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 \tab This was an action filed in August 2003 so it had been in court for about four years and nine months.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 The medical certificate of the plaintiff was issued in 2001.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 Hence there was abundance of time for the plaintiff to realize that if he is }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 tell}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 ing the truth}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 then }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 the medical certificate did not show all the injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 Even his statement of claim does not tally with injuries in his brief of evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 There is no mention of complex fracture of left ankle either in his statement of claim or in his medical report.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 His statement of claim refers to right ankle }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 pains}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 not fracture.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 There is no reference to left ankle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 There is no mention of injury to spine in his statement of claim but it may well be covered by tenderness on back as pleaded in statement of claim.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 The hospital records also stated that he was referred to the fracture cl}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 inic}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 for spine injury so it is likely that he did suffer some injury there.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 There is no mention of restriction of lower jaw and i nability to eat food in the statement of claim or in the hospital record or blood oozing from ears and nose.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 These are significant injuries and would have occurred to the plaintiff to include in his statement of claim especially as it was drafted closer to the time when the events had occurred.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 Further, it should have dawned on the plaintiff when he was preparing his brief of evidence that some injuries which he was complaining about were not included in his statement of claim.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4604436\charrsid15943906 An application for amendment of the statement of claim could easily have been made by seeking to}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9120348\charrsid15943906 insert the additional injuries but this was not done.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9120348\charrsid15943906 I doubt very much}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14378564\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 there would even have been need for an adjournment as the amendment was not something substantial}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 I}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 n any event the defendants had stated that they had no knowledge of any injuries so inclusion of more injuries by amendment would not have affected defendants\rquote pleadings or search for additional evidence by them. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [8]\tab H}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 aving heard the evidence I have no do ubt at all that the plaintiff voluntarily surrendered himself to the soldiers at Naqelewai Community Centre.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 At the time he was in good health and injur}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 y}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 free.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 A day later he ended up with injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 He was in custody of the soldiers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 When a person is in cu stody of police or security forces, they have complete control over his person.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 It is therefore their duty to take proper care of the person to ensure his safety and to see that he remains free from harm until he was set free or at liberty. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 \tab The question remains how did the plaintiff get injured while in custody.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff denied in cross-examination that he got injured while running away from custody.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6827675\charrsid15943906 This was not pleaded}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 in the defence.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 The defendants have not led any evidence of escape.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 The only defence witness was MELI RADREKUSA now a security officer who was a police officer based at Wailoa Power Station}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 , Naitasiri}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 and not at Wainavau military camp at the material time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 All he could say was that the plaintiff was not assaulted by police at the Wailoa Power Station.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff did not claim to have been assaulted there either.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 \par [10]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \tab The plaintiff told the court that he did not know the name of the police officer who hit him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 However he had also earlier named Corporal Meli.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 Meli Radrekusa told the court that he was directed to go with the military to Monasavu to arrest those who had taken over the Monasavu Dam.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 He stated that the military was taking the lead role.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 Meli Radrekusa was not questioned in cross-examination that he had assaulted the plaintiff even though the plaintiff had made this allegation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 Findings:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid685025\charrsid15943906 [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \tab I believe Meli Radrekusa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 ,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 as this was a period in the aftermath of the 2000 coup}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 that }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 the military intervened to restore law and order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 T}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 he plaintiff\rquote s evidence is confined to assaults at Wainavau camp which was a military camp.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 Meli Radrekusa was not even aware that a camp existed at Wainavau.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 On balance of probability I am not satisfied that the plaintiff was beaten by members of the police force}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 but that he w as beaten only by soldiers}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 . \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \tab I accept the plaintiff\rquote s version of events in that he was assaulted at Wainavau military camp by being punched and kicked, hit with iron rod, of him having hot water poured over him and being hit with rifle butt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 I accept that he was forced to eat horse manure. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \tab However, I do not believe that such beatings continued for hours as the plaintiff made out to be otherwise he would be in the form of a pulp.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 Further I do not believe the plaintiff that he was made to dive into a dry river bed as alleged in his statement of claim or in a very shallow water.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 I would have expected serious injuries in his face and head if this had occurred.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 I do not accept that he suffered a fractured left ankle. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 \tab But it is obvious that he received some injuries.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 He was beaten so he would have body pains with tenderness on back and both chest walls.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 He received fracture to the middle phalanx of his left finger.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 I also accept that he suffered fracture of left forearm which had to be put on a back slab.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 The beatings also resulted in the plaintiff not being able to move and had difficulty to even sit in bed.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 Given that the plaintiff was punched and beaten, I do believe his wife that his face was swollen and he had black eyes and his arms and legs were swollen. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 Evidence of Post traumatic Disorder:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11287624\charrsid15943906 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [15]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 The principal piece of evidence in respect of above is contained in a medical report issued by the St Giles Hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 It is dated 8th February 2008.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 It explains that a post traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying or life threatening even}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 t}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 or ordeal in which serious physical harm occurred or was threatened.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff had first visited St Giles Hospital on 3rd August 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828647\charrsid15943906 On 15th March 2004 he was re-}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4994820\charrsid15943906 living his trauma and developed fears that unspecified persons were trying to harm him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4994820\charrsid15943906 He also suffers from increased irritability and insomnia.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4994820\charrsid15943906 His wife, who would know him well, stated that he is short tempered now.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4994820\charrsid15943906 His prognosis there fore is not very promising as even over seven years after the event he suffers from insomnia and irritability.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4994820\charrsid15943906 Doctor Agnes Chang from St. Giles Hospital had not personally attended to the plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 However she stated from records that the plaintiff suffered from post traumatic disorder.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 These are symptoms which could also be displayed by someone who had been in prison.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196306\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [16]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 \tab I conclude therefore that the plaintiff was assaulted by soldiers; that he received injuries a}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 nd }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 he}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 also }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 suffered from post traumatic stress disorder, insomnia and irritability. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 Damages:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [17]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff\rquote s prayer for relief claims special damages, general damages, exemplary or punitive damages}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 interest and costs. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10640240\charrsid15943906 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 Loss of Income:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid401199 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [18]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 The only relevant detail in the statement of claim relevant to special damages is that the plaintiff was a villager.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 There is nothing mentioned about his occupation or the level of his remuneration be it weekly or some other term.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 There is no mention of him having a farm producing crops for sale. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [19]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 \tab In his evidence the plaintiff stated that he worked for Jiko Fishing from 1997 to 1999.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 So he was not employed by Jiko Fishing prior to the time of incident.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 He stated that at Jiko\rquote s he was receiving $150.00 per week plus bonuses.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 Additionally he got paid $30.00 per kilogram for shark fins and $200.00 per kilogram for shark tails.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 But he did not specify how much shark fins or tails he managed to secure per week.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid919884\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [20]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 \tab In the year 2000 he stated that he began to plant yaqona and dalo which he sold.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 He stated that he sold these twice a week}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 ,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 that is}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 two bundles of yaqona worth $600.00 and carrier full of dalo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 After beating he stated that he could not farm a lot because of injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 The wife farms now. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [21]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 \tab He told the court that while he was at school, he did farming during holidays and also did farming while on leave from Jiko Fisheries. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [22]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 \tab If the plaintiff is to be believed, he sold weekly yaqona valued at $600.00 and a carrier full of dalo.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 He did not tell the court what was the size of the carrier he transported the dalo in.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 He produced no names or places where he sold such significant amount of farm produce.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 If he was using someone else}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 \rquote s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 vehicle to transport produce,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 that person }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8199245\charrsid15943906 could have been called as witness. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [23]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 \tab I do not believe the plaintiff that he was selling dalo and yaqona to the extent he makes out.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 He may have done some small scale farming but not the amount he is trying to make out.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 Further he admitted that yaqona take}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 s}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 five years to mature so he is hardly likely to have yaqona }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 ready for sale }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 in 2000 if he left Jiko Fisheries in the year }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 1999}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 . \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 [24]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 \tab The law is clear.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 Plaintiffs who claim substantial damages must show both the fact that he/she suffered damages and the extent of those damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 Difficulty of proof does not dispense with necessity for proof.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid656145\charrsid15943906 If precise }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 evidence is available or obtainable, then the court expects a plaintiff to produce it.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 It is not enough for plaintiff to simply write down figures or make assertions and throw them at the court and expect the court to grant those damages: }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 Bonham Carter v. Hyde Park Hotel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \endash (1938) 6 TLR 177; }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 Ratcliffe v. Evans}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \endash (1982) 2 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8348431\charrsid15943906 Q}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 .B. 524, 532.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 In the latter case Bowen L.J. recommended that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7698965\charrsid15943906 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 As much certainty and particular}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 it}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 y must be insisted on, both in pleading and proof or damage, as is reasonable, having regard to the circumstances and to the nature of the facts themselves by which the damage is done.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 To insist upon less would be to relax old and intelligent principles.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 To insist upon more would be the vainest pedantry}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [25]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \tab All the plaintiff has done is }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11993472\charrsid15943906 making}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 assertions of his loss with no supporting evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 I cannot in the circumstances grant him any damages for loss of income, he having already left his job at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 i}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 k}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 o Industries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 Besides there was nothing to stop the plaintiff from employing someone on part time basis so his crops could be tendered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 This employee would assist his wife in the tilling of the crops.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 Mitigation of damages is not an id}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 e concept.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [26]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \tab His claim for loss of income is therefore dismissed. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 General Damages for Pain & Suffering:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12665348 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [27]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff was admitted at CWM Hospital for 47 days.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 He faced great difficulty in moving and had to go through physiotherapy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 I have already made my findings as to the physical injuries he suffered and the resulting post traumatic stress disorder he underwent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 He still suffers from insomnia and irritability. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [28]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 \tab The plaintiff must have gone through intense fear for his life during the time he was in custody.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 The damages in such a case have to be higher th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 a}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7733305\charrsid15943906 n and usual personal injuries suffered in motor vehicle accidents where }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 events occur within seconds and the fear is over.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 Here the trauma continued for hours while in custody.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 The cases on motor vehicle accidents therefore do not provide an accurate guide.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 This prolonged fear and stress has to be compensated for.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [29]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 \tab It is now well established that previous awards of person al injuries provide a guide and to maintain a level of consistency in awards.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 However each case has to be considered in light of the particular claimant and his circumstances: }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 Jovesa Rokobutabutaki and Attorney General of Fiji v. Lusiana Rokodovu}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 : ABU 88 of 1998. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [30]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 \tab In }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 Sashi Prakash v. Commissioner of Police and Attorney General}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 \endash HBC 237 of 2001 (Lautoka) the High Court awarded a sum of $42,000.00 for pain and suffering both post and future where a suspect was held in police custody from 7.30 p.m. to 1. 30 a.m. and suffered seven fractured ribs, four on the right and three in the left.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 He also had a swollen mouth and broken dentures and other lesser injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 There was no evidence of any post traumatic stress disorders. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [31]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 \tab I grant the plaintiff a sum o f $45,000.00 for pain and suffering being $40,000.00 for past pain and suffering and $5}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 ,000}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 .00 for future pain and suffering. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 Exemplary Damages:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12665348 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 [32]\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 The main purpose of exemplary damages is to punish the defendants.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 Mr. Valenitabua submitted a figure of $150,000.00 being total exemplary damages.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 That by any yardstick is a colossal amount.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 In }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 Doctor Anirudh Singh v. Sotia Ponijiasi & Others}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 J Coventry had ordered a sum of $100,000.00 exemplary damages for an extreme case where soldiers had kept surveillance on the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10557031\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 was handcuffed and hooded so he had difficulty breathing and }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1651669\charrsid15943906 brutalized}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 for twelve hours.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 The present case is nowhere close to the brutality in that case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 He had been kidnapped. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3490445\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 [33]\tab Cour}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 ts have emphasized that in certain circumstances exemplary damages can be awarded by courts.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13125266\charrsid15943906 There is a difference in approach between England and Australia}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 on the issue of exemplary damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 In England Lord Develin in delivering the judgment in the House of Lords in }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 Rookes v. Barnard}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 \endash (1964) 1 ALL ER 36 looked at exemplary damages with disfavour as such damages could confuse the functions of the civil law and criminal law.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 Therefore he confined the award of exemplary damages to three categories.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 ne of the situations for which exemplary damages}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 according to Lord Devlin }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 can be awarded is for oppressive, arbitrary or uncons}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11878452\charrsid15943906 ti}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15289911\charrsid15943906 tutional action by the servants of the state as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 where police assault a suspect.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 In Australia to found a claim for exemplary damages the conduct must amount to }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 conscious wrongdoing in contum}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 eliou}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 s disregard of another\rquote s rights}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 This formula was accepted by Knox CJ in }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 Whilfield v. De Laure}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 t}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 & Co. Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1798551\charrsid15943906 . \endash }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 1920 29 CLR 71 at 77.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 Isaac J explained that exemplary damages are considered }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 to be punitive for reprehensible conduct and as a deterrent}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15943906 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 at p. 81.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 In }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 Australian Consolidated Press Ltd. v. Uren}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 \endash 1967 117 CLR 221 the Privy Council confirmed that this expression correctly delineates the defendants\rquote conduct for purposes of award of exemplary damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 Exemplary damages also serve the valuable purpose in restraining the arbitrary and outrageous use of executive power and in vindicating the strength of the law: }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 Kuddus v. Chief Constable of Leicestershire Constabulary}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 \endash (2002) 2 A.C. 122 at 147.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3490445\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 [34]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 \tab The question whether the defendants conduct has reac}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 h}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 ed this threshold is a factual one.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 In the present case it really does not matter whether I apply the English or the Australian approach.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 They both fit the facts of this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3490445\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 [35]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 \tab The plaintiff had surrendered himself to the army camp.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 If he was a suspect he should have been handed over to police to investigate the allegations against him according to law.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 was alone among soldiers.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 Far from protecting him, they assaulted him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 They subjected him to totally unwarranted indignities of forcing him to eat horse manure.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 Regardless of how heinous a person\rquote s conduct may be, neither the police nor the armed forces have the right to punish a person for such conduct.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 The punishment of an offender is for a competent court of this country after all due process is provided to him.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 The conduct of the soldiers in this case was extraordinarily undignified having no respect for the defendants\rquote right. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 This is a proper case for aggravated or exemplary damages as there was oppressive and high handed act on part of the soldiers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 I award the plaintiff a sum of $18,000.00 as exemplary damages}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 are not supposed to be crippling but rather punitive}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15012057\charrsid15943906 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15012057\charrsid15943906 B}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 esides awards must be considered in local context not in the context of other developed countries}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2171946\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 [36]\tab M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 r. Valenitabua further in his final submission is seeking compensatory damages for constitutional breaches.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7030213\charrsid15943906 He relies on the authority }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 of }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 Proceedings Commissioner, Fiji Human Rights v. The Commissioner of Police and the Attorney General}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 \endash ABU 2003 of 2006 to make these submissions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 That was a claim purely brought for damages for breaches of }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 certain }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 sections of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 bill or right}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 s,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 provisions in the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 Constitution.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 The present proceedings are a claim in tort.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 There is no reference to breaches of the Constitution in the statement of claim or the amended statement of claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 Even if there were such claim, the court would not grant damages twice for the same wrong \endash one for tort and one for breach of constitutional right.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 That would be against the whole object}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 of }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 compensatory damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 Hence I cannot grant him any compensatory damages}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 under this head}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid349128\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5450455\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 [37]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 \tab Given the nature of the case, the honourable course for the state should have been to accept liability, and let the court assess the damages. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 Conclusions:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12665348 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff\rquote s claim for loss of income is dismissed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 I grant him the following sums}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15085282\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1651669\charrsid15943906 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth645\clshdrawnil \cellx537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2703\clshdrawnil \cellx3240 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 (a)\cell }\pard \ql \li72\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin72\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 For pain & suffering\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 \trowd \irow0\irowband0 \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth645\clshdrawnil \cellx537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2703\clshdrawnil \cellx3240 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 (i)\cell }\pard \ql \li72\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin72\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 Past pain & suffering\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 $40,000.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 \trowd \irow1\irowband1 \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth645\clshdrawnil \cellx537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2703\clshdrawnil \cellx3240 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 (ii)\cell }\pard \ql \li72\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin72\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 Future pain & suffering \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 $5,000.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 \trowd \irow2\irowband2 \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth645\clshdrawnil \cellx537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2703\clshdrawnil \cellx3240 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 (b)\cell }\pard \ql \li72\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin72\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 Exemplary damages\tab \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid11734078\yts17 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 $18,000.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712084\charrsid15943906 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth645\clshdrawnil \cellx537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2703\clshdrawnil \cellx3240 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5508\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11734078 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4026623\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 The plaintiff has claimed interest which I allow at 6% per annum from the date of the filing of the writ (25th August 2003 to date of judgment) roughly 51 months}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 on past pain and suffering }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 that is $1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 0}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 00.00. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 Final Order:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12665348 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5333601\charrsid15943906 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 Accordingly I enter judgment for the plaintiff }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9703521\charrsid15943906 inclusive of interest }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 against the first and third defendants in the sum of $7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6046427\charrsid15943906 3}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 ,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 00.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 I also allow costs summarily fixed in the sum of $3,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7604294\charrsid15943906 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2887054\charrsid15943906 Claim against the second defendant is dismissed with costs summarily fixed in the sum of $2,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11151802 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1715407 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1855729\charrsid15943906 [Jiten Singh] \par JUDGE \par }}