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Noke}{\propname _ReviewingToolsShownOnce}\proptype30{\staticval }}{\*\xmlnstbl } \paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1800\margr1800\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\grfdocevents0\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1 \dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct\asianbrkrule\rsidroot7436326 \fet0 {\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid9444960\sftnbj {\headerl \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9444960 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16\insrsid10711464 PAGE }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs16\insrsid10711464 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid10711464 \par }}{\headerr \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9444960 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst { \cs16\insrsid10711464 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs16\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3350050 2}}}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs16\insrsid10711464 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid10711464 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3350050 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par APPELLATE JURISDICTION \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401209\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Criminal Appeal No: HAA 103 of 2007 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401209\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Between:}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 VILIVE NAVUKAILOMALAGI \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Appellant \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 And:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 THE STATE \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Respondent \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3350050 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 23rd November 2007 \par Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 29th November 2007 \par \par Counsel:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 Appellant in person \par Mr. S. Fotofili for State \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7238008 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401209\charrsid7238008 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3350050 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7238008 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401209\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 The Appellant was charged with robbery with violence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 On the 27th of November 2006, he was alleged to have robbed Rakesh Chandra of a brown wallet and personal items to the total value of $220.00 and immediately before such robbery used personal violence on him. \par \par On the 28th of November he pleaded guilty before the learned Magistrate after waiving his right to counsel.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 The facts were that at about 1.30am the complainant was asleep at the house of the owner (for whom he was the caretaker) when the Appellant woke him up }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 demanding cash.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 He refused the demand, and the Appellant struck at him, causing injuries to his right hand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 The complainant then told the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9444960\charrsid7238008 A}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 ppellant to take whatever he wanted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 The Appellant took the items and fled the scene.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 He was apprehended by a security guard nearby, and was handed over to the police.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 Under caution, he admitted the offence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7436326\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 \par The Appellant admitted these facts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 The complainant was found to have multiple small cuts on both his hands.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 He was 23 years old.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7874142\charrsid7238008 The Appellant was 21 at the time of the offending, and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 was single and unemployed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 He had 4 previous convictions, one of which was for robbery with violence in January 2003.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 On that occasion, he received a suspended term of 9 months imprisonment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 The period of suspension was 3 years imprisonment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 In effect, he re-offended }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6161707\charrsid7238008 several months after the expiry of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 the suspension period. \par \par In his sentencing remarks, the learned Magistrate referred to the fact that this was a home invasion with an offensive weapon, and that only some of the items were recovered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 He sentenced the Appellant to 4 years imprisonment. \par \par The Appellant }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 appeals against sentence on the ground that the learned Magistrate failed to co nsider his guilty plea, his remorse and the fact that the complainant had attacked him first with the cane knife.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7736690\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 \par The State opposes the appeal saying that the sentence }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732950\charrsid7238008 was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 within the tariff, and }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6161707\charrsid7238008 was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 even lenient because of the suspended sentence that had previously been imposed on him.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 Counsel further submits that the Appellant had not disputed the facts in the lower court, nor had he told the learned Magistrate about being attacked by the cane knife and striking back in }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2570881\charrsid7238008 self-defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2717456\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2570881\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732950\charrsid7238008 Certainly, the record shows that the charge was read and explained to the Appellant, then the facts read out.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732950\charrsid7238008 The Appellant agreed that he had struck the complainant with the cane knife.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732950\charrsid7238008 He now puts forward a different version of events, but even if we are to accept this second version, his conviction is still valid.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16732950\charrsid7238008 The Appellant came into the complainant\rquote s house and demanded cash. Whether the complainant picked up the knife first, or the Appellant attacked him with it, it is undeniable that the Appellant, in the course of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 the robbery, struck the complainant with the knife inflicting injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 Even if the knife was not his, the infliction of violence in the course of a robbery, constituted the offence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 It matte}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1578755\charrsid7238008 r}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 s not who picked it up first.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 The Appellant used violence in the course of a robbery and was properly convicted under section 293 of the Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2570881\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 \par The learned }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1578755\charrsid7238008 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 agistrate did not refer to the higher starting point for home invasion robberies.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 If he had, he would have started at 8years imprisonment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 Nor did he consider the fact }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 that the operational period of the suspended sentence expired in January 2006 and that this offence was committed only 10 months later.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 The 4 year term can only ha}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1578755\charrsid7238008 ve been reached if the learned M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 agistrate put considerable weight on th e guilty plea and expressions of remorse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3108948\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 \par In these circumstances, I see no reason to reduce the Appellant\rquote s sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 This appeal is dismissed. \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7238008 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7238008 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid3350050 Nazhat Shameem \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7238008 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10711464\charrsid7238008 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15034029\charrsid7238008 At Suva \par 29th November 2007}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10711464\charrsid7238008 \par }}