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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid13785844 Criminal Appeal No: HAA 047 of 2007
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3753893\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid1258763 Between:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919\charrsid1258763 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 PAULIASI NAOSARA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid1258763 Appellant
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid1258763 And:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919\charrsid1258763 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 THE STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid1258763 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4259919 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3753893\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 26th October 2007
\par Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 2nd November 2007
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4282882\charrsid4259919 Ms A. Lekenaua for Appellant
\par Ms J. Shah for State
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4259919 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4259919 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 
\par The Appellant was charged with act with intent to cause grievous bodily harm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 It was alleged, that on the 3rd
 of June 2006 at Nasinu, with intent to do grievous harm to Acting Corporal Esala Matou, he unlawfully wounded him with a kitchen knife.
\par 
\par The case was called on the 20th of June 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 The Appellant pleaded not guilty after waiving his right to counsel.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 The trial commenced on the 27th of December 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 Corporal Esala Matou gave evidence that he was a member of the Police Tactical Unit, and on the 3rd of June, had been instructed to capture escaped prisoners}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919  from Naboro prison.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 During the operation the Appell
ant fled from a house and struck Corporal Matou with a kitchen knife causing his injuries.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
He swore at the Corporal and threatened to kill him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
A tendered medical report showed that he had a 1-2cm cut on his chin and abrasions on the neck and jaw.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7674426\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
\par The trial was adjourned, and continued on the 23rd January 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
Prison Officer Tana Bosevou said that he witnessed the incident and helped to arrest the Appellant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
Under cross-examination he says he did not see how PW1 had been injured but had seen }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 a kitchen knife outside the bathroom door.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2490647\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 
\par The Appellant gave sworn evidence and said that he had been in the bathroom when PW1 came to arrest him in a rough way.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 
He wrestled with the officer and he ran down a creek.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 One of the officers threw a stone at him and they then pushed his head under water.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 He was then taken to hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 Under cross-examination, he agreed that he had been an escaped prisoner.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 
He called Sakiusa Basa as his witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 He said that on the 3rd of Ju
ne 2006 he was in a house at Newtown with the Appellant, when the police arrived.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 He saw a police }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 officer go into the bathroom and he saw them struggling and the Appellant running out of the house.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 He did not see a knife.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8276910\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 
\par Under cross-examination, he agreed that he had also been an escaped prisoner at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 
Judgment was delivered on the 28th of February 2007.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 
After reviewing the evidence, the learned Magistrate correctly identified the main issue as being whether the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14636227\charrsid4259919 Appellant had struck Corporal Matou 
with a knife, intending to cause him grievous bodily harm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14636227\charrsid4259919 He said he accepted Corporal Matou\rquote 
s evidence and found that the Appellant had intended }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3812327\charrsid4259919 grievous harm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3812327\charrsid4259919 
He convicted him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3237411\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3812327\charrsid4259919 
\par The Appellant admitted 10 previous con}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660716\charrsid4259919 victions and said he was single, unemployed and 26 years old.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660716\charrsid4259919 He was a serving prisoner due to be released in September 2011.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660716\charrsid4259919 
The learned Magistrate said that the tariff was between 9 months to 5 years imprisonment and he picked 3 years as his starting point.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660716\charrsid4259919 
After taking into account all mitigating and aggravating factors, he sentenced the Appellant to 2 years imprisonment to be served consecutive to the prison term he was then serving.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12660716\charrsid4259919 In effect, his date of release is now 2013.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3812327\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15418301\charrsid4259919 
\par The Appellant\rquote s appeal is against conviction and sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15418301\charrsid4259919 His
 grounds are that there was no supporting evidence for PW1, that the evidence of Sakiusa Basa should not have been disregarded, that the learned }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14817846\charrsid4259919 M}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15418301\charrsid4259919 agistrate failed to properly assess the evidence and that the Appellant was prejudiced by lack of representation.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7547764\charrsid4259919 The Appellant was represented at the appeal by counsel for the Legal Aid Commission.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7547764\charrsid4259919 She pointed to the failure of the prosecution to tender the kitchen knife, the failure of the learned Magistrate to properly analyse }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 the evidence, and the failure to give any weight to the defence witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15418301\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 
\par State counsel submitted that the Appellant had waived his right to counsel, had cross-examined all the witnesses and had called a witness on his own behalf.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 She said that he had been in no way prejudiced by lack of representation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 
She said that the evidence of Cpl. Matou was clear and the learned }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14817846\charrsid4259919 M}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 
agistrate was entitled to rely on it because it was supported by the evidence of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16014000\charrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 PW2 and PW3 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16014000\charrsid4259919 both of whom were officers engaged in the same operation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16014000\charrsid4259919 Further PW1 had }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15629412\charrsid4259919 a cut on his chin which was consistent with his evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15629412\charrsid4259919 
State counsel also submitted that the learned Magistrate was entitled to reject the evidence of the defence witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16129554\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15629412\charrsid4259919 
\par There were inconsistencies in the evidence of PW1, PW2 and PW3 and the only direct evidence of the Appellant using the knife }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828753\charrsid4259919 on PW1 to inflict the injury was PW1 himself.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828753\charrsid4259919 However, that there was a knife during the incident was agreed to by the prosecution witnesses.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13828753\charrsid4259919 It appears that PW2 and PW3 arrived at the scene to see the Appellant wrestling with PW1 and saw a knife lying outside}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919  the kitchen door.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 
Nevertheless it was open to the learned Magistrate to accept the evidence of PW1 and of the medical report.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 Although greater analysis w
as called for after the review of the evidence, the issue was essentially a simple one.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 
Did the Appellant strike at Cpl. Matou with a knife causing an injury and did he intend serious harm? Anyone who uses a knife on another in an aggressive way must be assumed to intend serious harm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 That is the consequence of using potentially lethal weapons.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15629412\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 
\par The learned Magistrate was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 entitled to accept the evidence of PW1 over that of the Appellant and the defence witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 Although as I have said}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14817846\charrsid4259919 ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919  greater analysis was 
desirable, I do not consider that the learned Magistrate erred in either law or fact.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3303688\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 
\par For these reasons this appeal is dismissed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4259919  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 There is no appeal against sentence.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1258763 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 Nazhat Shameem
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4259919 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16137134\charrsid4259919 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7554635\charrsid4259919 At Suva
\par 2nd November 2007
\par }}