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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 IN THE HIGH COURT OF {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname country-region}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}FIJI{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065563 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 CIVIL JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065563 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 Civil Action No. HBC 0056 of 2003
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065563 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 FIJI DEVELOPMENT BANK
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Plaintiff
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065563 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583229\charrsid13712283 AND}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid13712283 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9065563 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 ARUN KUMAR SINGH
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 AND
\par VINESH KUMAR SINGH}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Defendants
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Befor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid3805460 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid3805460 :}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 Master Udit
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Counsel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid3805460 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid1671133  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 Mr N. Lajendra for the Plaintiff
\par No appearance for the defendant
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9065563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Date of Hearing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid3805460 :}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133  }{
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Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}26}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9459887\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 
 March, 2007{\*\xmlclose}
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid13712283 Date of Ruling:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9459887\charrsid1671133 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1
{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 4}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 27}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}27}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9459887\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133  April, 2007{\*\xmlclose}

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\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 Introduction
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9459887\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 [1] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5261499\charrsid1671133 By a Summons dated 15}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5261499\charrsid1671133 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133  January, 2007, the Fiji Development Bank }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 (the Bank)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133  seeks an order that a Summary judgment be entered against Arun Kumar Singh and Vinesh Kumar Singh }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 
(the defendants) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 as followed:-
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6556974\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6556974 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 (a) Judgment in the sum of $35,677.62.
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6556974 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 (b) Interest at the rate of 10.5% per annum from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname 
date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 1}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 25}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2005}}}25}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5261499\charrsid1671133 th}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5261499\charrsid1671133  J}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 anuary, 2005{\*\xmlclose}
 until the date of judgment.
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6556974 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6556974\charrsid1671133 (c}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 ) Costs.

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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13307612\charrsid1671133 [2] The application is supported by a meticulous affidavit of Yvonne Fatiaki, acting Senior Manager Legal, an employee of the Bank.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Background facts
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1121322\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [3] A writ of summons was issued by the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11945067\charrsid1671133 Bank against the defendant on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 2}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2003}}}7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11945067\charrsid1671133 t}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  February, 2003{\*\xmlclose}
. Primarily, the claim is for default of re-payment. Paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Statement of Claim encapsulate the claim. For that reason, they are reproduced in full below:-
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11945067\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2695364 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 2. }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2305180\charrsid1671133 The Plainti}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 ff had entered into certain leasing facilities with the Defendants under Lease Purchase }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2305180\charrsid1671133 Agreement No. 95323 date {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 9}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 9}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 1999}}}9}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2305180\charrsid1671133 t}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  September 1999{\*\xmlclose}.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11945067\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2695364 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
3. The Defendants made default in their rental payments as a result of which, the Plaintiff repossessed and sold the truck subject to the Lease Purchase Agreement. After crediting the sale proceeds, the amount o}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133 wed by the Defendants as at {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 1}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 24}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2003}}}24}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133 th}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  January 2003{\*\xmlclose} was $35,677}
{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133 .}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 62. Interest accrues on the said amount at the r}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133 ate of 10.55% per annum from 25}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133 th}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923354\charrsid1671133  J
}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 anuary, 2003}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2305180\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Similar relief as the one sought in the Summons is also prayed for as final reliefs in the Statement of Claim.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2494052\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [4] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15535128\charrsid1671133 At this juncture, I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 find is appropriate to note that the plaintiff faced immense difficulties with serving documents to the defendants from the commencement of the suit leading to the present summons. Only for a brief period, the defendant had a counsel which eased the requ
irements of service. Otherwise, the plaintiff had to resort to substituted service, which resulted in unwarranted costs. At least, the defendants could have provided a fixed address for service to avoid such costs.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 
\par [5] On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 29}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2002}}}17}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  August, 1999{\*\xmlclose}
 the defendants sought leasing finance from the Bank,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133  which was duly approved on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 29}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2002}}}24}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  August, 1999{\*\xmlclose}
. A sum of $58,000.00 was approved for the purchase of a ten wheeler truck. It was accepted by both th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 e defendants respectively on 26}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133  and 27}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  of August, 1999 }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (see Annexure }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 A2}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  of Yvonne }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2695364\charrsid1671133 F}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 atiaki}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 s affidavit}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 ). The referenced annexure comprehensively stipulates the terms and conditions of the leasing facility. Interest rate was agreed at 10.5% and any default carried with a further
 default rate of 2%. Payment was on a monthly instalment }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133 of $1,716-00 commencing from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 29}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2002}}}20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  October, 1999{\*\xmlclose}. Funds were released for the purchase of the truck after acceptance of the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 terms an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133 d conditions as per }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133 annexure }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2898162\charrsid1671133 A}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 2}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  The defendants defaulted from the very first instalment. From then on, the account remained in arrears with multiple opportunities given by the Bank for regularising payment.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11349858\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426160\charrsid1671133 [6]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  Then, the 2000 political insurrection further aggravated the burgeoning arr
ears. Once again, the Bank gave indulgence by allowing part payments. However, all these provisions to rectify the defaults did no good. Default accumulated, which eventually resulted in the final notice for payment of the entire balance sum. Again, the d
efendants}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 pleaded with the bank to withhold the termination of the leasing facility. This time around, they cited bad weather condition as a reason f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426160\charrsid1671133 or not keeping pace with the re}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11933434\charrsid1671133 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 payments. Also, they offered to sell another truck for $10,000-00 and diver
t the funds towards reduction of the debt. This was eventually done. But it turned out to be a short}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7426160\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
term reprieve only. At last, the Bank was strained to exercise its right under the leasing agreement. The truck was seized. Competitive tenders were invite
d. Eventually, it was sold for $28,000-00 to the highest bidder. That left a balance of $35,670-00. Fourteen days, with effect from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 29}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2002}}}29}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid15535128\charrsid1671133 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 June, 2002{\*\xmlclose}, was given to the defendants to clear the debt, }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (see annexure }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 P}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  of Yvonne }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15535128\charrsid1671133 F}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 atiaki}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 s Affidavit)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
. This resulted in exchange of a few correspondences between the parties, but the debt remained unpaid. Thus, this action was commenced.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13380339\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Plaintiff}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 s Claim
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3625571\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [7] Mr Lajendra, on behalf of the plaintiff submitted that the claim is based upon a simple }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
finance leasing agreement}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  to purchase an asset; the truck. The latter was also taken as a security. Lessees of the funds were required to make monthly instalments. An
y default carried with it the usual consequences, that is, realisation of security and thereafter the residual right to recover any balance sum still due and owing. He submitted that the Bank is doing exactly what it is entitled to do so, under the agreem
ent duly executed by the defendants voluntarily.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7870262\charrsid1671133 Defendants Claim}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid346563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid346563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7870262\charrsid1671133 [8] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1257263\charrsid1671133 From the outse
t, I would make it abundantly plain that the Bank made all efforts to contact the defendants for service of the documents pertaining to this application personally. The defendants could not be traced, even on the last known address. Substituted service by
 publication in the Newspaper remained the only viable alternative, which was aptly resorted to. Still the defendants, to their detriment neglect to appear.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid346563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1257263\charrsid1671133 
\par [9] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 However, I have considered the defendants allegations as pleaded in the Statement of Defence. These can be summarised as follows:-}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1257263\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4931266 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 
(a) the defendants were not given independent legal advice, nor was the contents of the documents explained to them.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 (b)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 The bank breached its promise to suspend and/or not to enforce rental payments in rainy season and when the truck was not}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4931266\charrsid1671133  earning income.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1704559\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133 (c)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133 Later, in September 2001 the Bank unilaterally increased the monthly rental payment from $1,760-00 to $3,500-00.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 (d)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 The defendants had a ready and willing buyer to buy the truck fo
r $60,000-00, whereas the bank failed its duty by selling the truck for $28,000-00. That is, purportedly at a gross under valued price.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022750\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8549669 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022750 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 (e)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 Once the truck was repossessed, the leasing agreement was determined, which extinguished the liability to pay any balance sum then due and owing.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8549669 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16145701\charrsid1671133 [10] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid216780 
At this point, it is stressed that the defendants did not file any affidavit to support the aforesaid contentions. It is for the defendant to}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid216780 \'85\'85\'85.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid1671133 
show cause by affidavit or otherwise to the satisfaction of the court. He must }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid1671133 condescend upon particulars}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid1671133 , and in all cases, sufficient facts and particulars must be given to show that there is a genuine defence}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15206752\charrsid1671133 .}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1982737\charrsid1671133  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 Chandra Lachmaiya Naidu & Anor }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid216780 -}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1982737\charrsid216780 
v- Carpenters Fiji Ltd}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1982737\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1982737\charrsid216780 [1992] 38 FLR 215}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8549669\charrsid1671133 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid346563\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16545373\charrsid1671133 Principles for Summary Judgment
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16545373\charrsid1671133 
\par [11] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid1671133 The }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid1671133 well established principles}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid1671133  for granting of }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid1671133 summary judgment}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid1671133  was recently summarised by the Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13071964\charrsid216780 Carpenters Fiji Ltd. -v- Joes }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1773819\charrsid216780 Farm Produce Ltd. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1773819\charrsid216780 (unrep)}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1773819\charrsid216780  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1773819\charrsid216780 Civil Appeal No: ABU 0019/2006 at page 9 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1773819\charrsid1671133 of the judgment as follows:-}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16545373\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943045\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460\charrsid216780 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
Summary judgment principles.}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943045\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
Here it is timely to state some of the well established principles relating to the entry of summary judgment:-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 a) the purpose o
f order 14 is to enable a plaintiff to obtain summary judgment without trial if you can prove each claim clearly and if the defendant is unable to set up, a }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 bona fide}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133  defence or raise an issue against the claim which ought to be tried.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 b) }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15032205\charrsid1671133 The defendant may show cause against a plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15032205\charrsid1671133 
s claim on the merits e.g. that he has a good defence to the claim on the merits or there is a dispute as to the facts which ought to be tried or there is a difficult point of law involved.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14972913\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15032205 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15032205\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15032205\charrsid1671133 
c) It is generally incumbent on a defendant resisting summary judgment, to file an affidavit which deals specifically }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133 with the plaintiff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133 s claim and affidavit and states clearly and precisely what the defence is and what facts are relied on to support it.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15032205\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13197458 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133 d) Set off, which is }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11015400\charrsid1671133 a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133 monet
ary cross claim for a debt due from the plaintiff, is a defence. A defendant is entitled to unconditional leave to defend up to the amount to the set off claimed. If there is a set off at all, each claim goes against the other and either extinguishes or r
educes it }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid16651317 Hanak v Green}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid16651317 
(1958) 2 QB 9 at pg. 29 per Sellers LJ.}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13197458\charrsid13712283 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9254860 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254860\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14972913 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid216780 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid1671133 
e) Likewise where a defendant sets up a }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid1671133 bona fide}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid1671133 
 counter claim arising out of the same subject matter of the action, and connected with the same grounds of defenc
e, the order should not be for judgment on the claim subject to a stay of execution pending the trial of the counter claim but should be for unconditional leave to defend, even if the defendant admits whole or part of the claim. }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid16651317 Morgan & Sons Ltd. v S. Martin Johnson Company}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid13712283  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid16651317 (1949) 1 KB 107 (CA).}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254860\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943045\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9963256\charrsid1671133 Consideration of the Application}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16545373\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid90177\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid90177\charrsid1671133 [12] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6320376\charrsid1671133 
The onus lies with the defendant to resist summary judgment. To do that, s/he must file an affidavit categorically addressing the claim. Failure to do so is fatal. The defendants }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
failed to file any affidavit. Neither, did they oppose the application. For that reason alone, I would have allowed the application for summary judgment.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6320376\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [13] However, since the action was commenced in 2003, it is prudent for me to deal with the application on its merits. More so, because of the statement of defence already filed.
 The Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 Magan Lal Brothers Ltd. -v- L. B. Masters}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 Civil Appeal No: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid16651317 31/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 84 }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 held that where there is no affidavit evidence, but a Statement of Defence is filed, the Court in exercising the discretion must consider the issues raised in the defe
nce. The Court cited and adopted a passage fro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 m }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 Hals}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11015400\charrsid1671133 b}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 ury}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460\charrsid16651317 '}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 s Laws of England}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133  }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 (4}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid8475470\charrsid1671133 th}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1269234\charrsid1671133  Edition) volume 37 para 41}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
3 - 415, notes 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 , where the authors noted:-
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid680490\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15283256 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
The normal everyday practice is for the defendant to show cause by affidavit, and except in a clear case, it is rare for the court to allow a defendant to show cause otherwise than by affidavit. }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 A defence already served may}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16651317  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
be a sufficient mode of showing cause,}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  but not if it is a sham defence served early to avoid showing cause by affidavit}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15283256\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Later, in 1992, his preposition was re-affirmed by the Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 
Chandra Lachmaiya Naidu & Anor -v- Carpenters Fiji Ltd}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 , [1992] 38 FLR 215}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 . I have taken full cognizance of the issues raised in the defence. Not only that, I will for convenience use them as a guide to address the issues underpinning the application.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10692542\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15151093 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (a) No independent legal advice given nor contents of the documents explained}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643628\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643628\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6643628 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
[14] Indisputably, both the defendants unquestionably executed the offer letter. At least, prior to the execution of the said letter, the defendants neither raised nor sought time to seek independent legal advice. Needless to mention, after defaulting, t
he defendants wrote numerous letters }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (see annexure E, H1, H2, K)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 to the Bank seeking indulgence to clear the arrears. At no point, did they raise this issue.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6643628\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [16] Be that as it may, such a defence is devoid of any merits. In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Mary}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317  Maraia Petersen Hewitt and Anor -v- Habib Bank Li}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5402412\charrsid16651317 mited}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5402412\charrsid16651317 ,}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5402412\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5402412\charrsid16651317 Civil Appeal No: ABU 007/}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid16651317 2004S,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  the Court of Appeal very pertinently said:-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14226072 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 The second difficulty is that 
}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 it is settled law in Fiji}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  that a }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
defence of }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 non est factum}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  will }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
not lightly be allowed when a person of a full age and capacity has signed a written document embodying contractual terms}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 see }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 Fiji Development Bank v Raqona}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 (1984) 30}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 FLR 151}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 ). }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
The general rule is that a party of full age and understanding is bound by his/her sig}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841214\charrsid1671133 nature to a document whether he/}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 she reads or understands it or not.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  (See }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7609873 G}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 allie v. Lee}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  [1971] A.C. 1004, 1016, 1019) We see }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 no reason to depart from this rule in this case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  and therefore the first ground of appeal fails}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9841214 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (emphasis added)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9841214\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
[17] The aforesaid Statement is apposite to the factual matrix of this case. Both the defendants are businessmen. They are deemed to be familiar with obligations and liabilities of borrow
ing money. I see no plausible reason to accept their ignorance, when in fact they have already derived the benefit by purchasing the truck. I hold that the defendants are bound by their signature. Therefore, the leasing agreement prevails.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15151093\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15151093 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (b) Suspension or no enforcement of repayment in rai}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15151093\charrsid1671133 ny season and no income earning }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 period.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15151093\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [18] There is cogent evidence that at the repayments were neither suspended nor deferred. To the contrary, there is plethora of evidence of the Bank insisting payment instantaneo
usly following default. It did not end there. Intermittently, the Bank threatened to realise the security and seek full recourse under the agreement,}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 (Annexure C, D, E, and H1 of the supporting affidavit)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 . If any oral representation is relied upon the defe
ndants ought to have adduced the same. There is not an iota of any such evidence. Anyway, in law any such evidence would be rather difficult to sustain a defence of variation of written agreement. }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Lord Morris}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  in}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 Bank of Australasia -v- Palmer}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 
(1897) AC 540 at 545}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 on such a presumption aptly said as follows:-
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7350306\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2063633 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 ..... }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 testimony cannot be received to contradict, vary add to or subtract from the}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2063633\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 terms of a written contract or the terms in which the parties have deliberately agreed to record any part of a contract}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7350306\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [19]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
The leasing facility instrument is unambiguous. It is in writing. Parties opted to retain written correspondence. Therefore, any arguments to vary, contradict, delete, or supplant it by oral arrangement or understanding is not susta
inable and ought to be struck-out. I reject the defendants}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  contention on this point.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (c) Rental payment was unilaterally increased
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [20] One of the issues raised in the defence is that the rental was unilaterally increased from}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid67898\charrsid1671133  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13712283 $1,716.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 00 to $3,500-00. Mr Lajendra submitted that this argument is wholly erroneous.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid67898\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 He referred me to }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid7609873 annexure K}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 of the supporting affidavit. This was a letter written by the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid67898\charrsid1671133  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 defendant to the bank in which they specifically requested:-
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15142404 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Further we want to arra
nge the balance arrears to be paid as follows. Normal payment of $1,716-00 in June 2001. }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 Further increased payment of $3,500-00 per month from July 2001 until debt is cleared}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460\charrsid15142404 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9069301 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid15142404 (emphasis is mine)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10831356 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9069301\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 [21] Subsequently, the bank only accepted the proposal on a without prejudice basis. In view of the above this contention holds no merit and accordingly fails.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4922067\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 (d) Truck sold at an under-valued price
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12931340\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111140 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
[22] Here, the defendants pleaded that the truck was sold at a grossly under-valued price. In addition, it is contended that they had a buyer, who was willing to pay a sum of $60,000-00. I have great difficulties with these for two reasons. Firstly, the v
a
lue of truck when it was purchased was only $68,000-00, in August 1999. It was re-possessed and sold two years later. Was it really worth $60,000-00? Whether it was possible to receive any genuine offer for that sum considering the innate depreciation? Ev
en if it was so, why did they allow the truck to be re-possessed? It could easily have been sold in consultation with Bank. Secondly, if there was an offer, why was it not communicated to the bank? Gen}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8414303\charrsid1671133 erally, the defendants kept all }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 communication in writing
. This could have even been communicated, even at the later stages leading up to but prior to the acceptance of the tenders. Until the tender was accepted the defendants}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133  could still have redeemed by paying the money. But, there is no such evidence. No reference to this was made in any correspondence, even after the truck was sold. At least }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid163399\charrsid1671133 two letters }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid163399\charrsid1671133 (annexure }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid163399\charrsid1671133 Q}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8414303\charrsid1671133  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid163399\charrsid1671133 and }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid163399\charrsid1671133 S}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 ) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
were written to the bank by the defendant. From the letter of 27}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14550389\charrsid1671133 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 August, 2002 a clear inference to the contrary may be drawn. In it, one of the defendants}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10831356\charrsid1671133 
 stated that he was in the process of obtaining quotation from 10 different motor vehicle dealers to ascertain the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14550389\charrsid1671133  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 real market value of the truck. At best, an inference which }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14550389\charrsid1671133 can be drawn is that this }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14550389\charrsid1671133 ex-pos}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 t}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15142404  }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 facto}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  argument is the last attempt to evade their obligation.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14550389\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
[23] In any event, the Bank received five tenders ranging from $22,000-00 to $28,000-00. Eventually, it was sold to the highest bidder for $28,000-00. From the evidence adduced, I am satisfied that 
the bank had done all that it could do at its disposal to obtain the best market price for the truck. In doing so it has not breached its duty as a mortgagee; }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid15142404 
Cuckmere Brick Co. Ltd. -v- Mutual Finance }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid15142404 (1971) Ch. 949.}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8414303\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 (e) Termination of leasing facility absolved the liability to pay the balance sum
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8414303\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
[24] I must confess that this strange contention is not only irrational but mischievous. If any such contention was allowed by the Court to stand, it will be chaotic to the finance market. Lending institutions will be forced out of business. To a}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9382136\charrsid1671133 vert any suicidal lending, they}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
 will decline to advance money unless it is extremely safe. The entire economy will be plunged in to dire straits hampering national development. Without even considering the evidence as a 
matter of principal I it ought to be summarily rejected. Nevertheless, the evidence adduced so far does not reveal any such intention. In that case the leasing agreement takes effect unabated.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9382136\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 [25] In addition, a financial institution is also entitled to recover all monies due and owing under the well known }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 common law}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  principle of money had and received.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6096749\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 Conclusion
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6096749\charrsid1671133 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 [26] Lord Ackner in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid3561679 Banque de Paris at des Pays-Bas (S}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747233\charrsid3561679 uisse) S. A. -v- De Naray}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747233\charrsid13712283  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747233\charrsid3561679 [1984] }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid3561679 1 Lloyd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460\charrsid3561679 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid3561679 s Rep 21 at 23 said;
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8747233\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8747233 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3561679 ...}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 the Court must look at the whole situation and ask itself whether the defendant has }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1671133\charrsid1671133 satisfied}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  the Court that there is a fair and reasonable probability of the defendants having a real or bona-fide defence}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid3561679 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13307612 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111140 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
[27] Having looked at the whole situation, I am satisfied that the defendants failed to discharge their onus of establishing a }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 real or bona-fide}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
 defence. I therefore order summary judgment for the plaintiff as prayed for in the sum of $35,677-62. Plaintiff is entitled to interest at the agreed rate of 10.5% per annum with effect from 25}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid7762669\charrsid1671133 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
 January, 2003 until payment of the judgment sum. I will so order.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7762669\charrsid1671133 
\par [28]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  Mr Lajendra seeks costs of $2,500-00. In proceeding with this case, undoubtedly the plaintiff inc
urred unnecessary expenditure especially in serving documents. There is merit in Mr Lajendra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3805460 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
s submissions. I will summarily assess the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 costs at $2,000-00.
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 Order:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7762669\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10436291 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3561679 (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
a) There be a summary judgment in favour of the plaintiff in the sum of $35,677-62 with interest at a rate of 10.5% per annum with effect from 25}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 th}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  January, 2003 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 until the judgment is satisfied;}{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111140 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10436291 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3561679 (}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 b) }{
\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1671133\charrsid1671133 Defendants to pay a cost of $2,}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 000-00 to the plaintiff.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111140 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10436291 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 J.J. Udit
\par Master
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3111140 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3561679 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 27}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid10436291\charrsid1671133 t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3111140\charrsid1671133  April, 2007
\par }}